EP1043130A1 - Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von synthetischen oder natürlichen organischen Materialien, wie z.B. Holz - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von synthetischen oder natürlichen organischen Materialien, wie z.B. Holz Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1043130A1
EP1043130A1 EP00400832A EP00400832A EP1043130A1 EP 1043130 A1 EP1043130 A1 EP 1043130A1 EP 00400832 A EP00400832 A EP 00400832A EP 00400832 A EP00400832 A EP 00400832A EP 1043130 A1 EP1043130 A1 EP 1043130A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blades
wheel
blocks
basket
machine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00400832A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1043130B1 (de
Inventor
Rony Callens
Dominique Sentagnes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dimetal
Original Assignee
Dimetal
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1043130A1 publication Critical patent/EP1043130A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1043130B1 publication Critical patent/EP1043130B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/005—Tools therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
    • B02C13/06—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
    • B02C13/08—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor and acting as a fan

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a machine, of the peripheral and percussive wheel basket, designed to defibrate raw blocks of organic matter natural, such as wood, or synthetic such than a polymer or a derived material.
  • to defibrate here means indifferently any operation consisting in particular of cutting, fragmenting, reduce or calibrate the treated material. So, in the case of wood, the products obtained can in particular be, as the case may be, in the form of chips, chips or fibers.
  • forward refers to the direction of rotation of the wheel impactful and the terms “interior” and “exterior” mean respectively “close to the axis of the wheel” and “away from the axis of the wheel”.
  • the machine according to the invention can in particular be used for obtaining fibers intended for the subsequent manufacture of particle board, paper, etc.
  • the machine according to the invention can be used to treat or recycle certain products, as well as waste.
  • Fragmentation of blocks of organic matter as wood is made under conditions optimal when the three parameters that are the tangential cutting speed, the feed speed of the product and the projection of the cutting blades are controlled.
  • the machines with perimeter and impact wheel basket include a static or rotating basket, including a region device is fitted with oriented cutters parallel to its axis.
  • a hard-hitting wheel which spins at high speed (usually between 500 rpm and 1500 rpm), is mounted coaxially to inside the basket. This wheel is provided with blades near the cutting elements.
  • the blocks of material to defibrate are introduced into the central part of the wheel, where they fall by gravity.
  • the blocks of matter are then struck at high speed by the blades of the impactful wheel, which drives them in rotation.
  • the blades 1 of the impact wheel of such a machine are planes and located in radial planes containing the axis of rotation of the wheel. Therefore, when the inner terminal part of a blade 1 strikes one blocks B of material to be defibrated, it applies to this block a strike force F1 oriented in one direction circumferential to the wheel.
  • a strike force F1 oriented in one direction circumferential to the wheel.
  • F2 centrifugal force
  • the speed of advance of the blocks of material B to the cutting members 2 results from the centrifugal force applied to the blocks. It decreases therefore in proportion to the reduction in the volume of these during the defibration operation.
  • this type of machine does not allow not currently working under conditions optimal, regarding the performance of the machine, the quality of the finished product obtained after defibering, and the wear of the blades.
  • document FR-A-2 411 033 shows a peripheral basket machine with a striking wheel in which the inner terminal part of each of the blades of the wheel makes an angle towards the front, about 15 °, from the radius according to which is oriented the main part of the blade.
  • the subject of the invention is precisely a machine of the peripheral basket type and impact wheel, whose original design allows it to ensure the defibration of blocks of a material such as wood in optimized conditions compared to existing machines, in particular to increase the production, reduce wear and ensure better quality of the product obtained after defibering.
  • a machine to defibrate blocks natural or synthetic organic matter comprising a basket including a peripheral region is provided with cutting members, and a striking wheel, able to rotate coaxially inside the basket and fitted with blades near the cutting, machine characterized in that each of the blades is gradually curved forward, from a first part oriented substantially radially up to a second part which extends the first part, without discontinuity, towards the interior of the wheel, the end of the second part being oriented in a substantially circumferential direction by relative to the wheel, so as to gradually accelerate the blocks to be defibrated towards the cutting members, by sliding on said blade.
  • the first contact between a block of material to be defibrated and a pale of the impact wheel is characterized by the application on the block of an initial force directed substantially radially outward of the impact wheel, that is to say towards the cutters of the basket.
  • This initial force is superimposed on the centrifugal force and the fan effect.
  • this last effect is amplified by the particular shape of the blades. This has has the effect of significantly accelerating the advance of the blocks material to the cutting members. Therefore, the production efficiency of the machine is significantly improved over that of machines of the same type.
  • the curved shape given to the inner end portion of each of the blades has for effect of greatly reducing the impact of blocks on the blades. Consequently, the wear of these is significantly reduced and the product obtained after defibration has a better quality.
  • the first part of each of the blades is a flat main part and the second part is a curved end portion which extends tangentially the main plane part.
  • each blade substantially in section in shape of a quarter circle.
  • one outer end of each of the blades advantageously has a bevel on its front face gradually curved backwards, approaching cutting members. This arrangement allows force the smallest and lightest blocks to the cutters, to compensate for the decrease centrifugal force due to mass reduction which occurs during the defibration operation.
  • each of the blades is formed integrally on a removable part. This arrangement makes it possible to adapt the profile of blades for different types of materials to be defibrated, while authorizing their replacement in the event of wear.
  • the machine comprises a frame 10, which rests on the ground 12 above a well 14.
  • the frame 10 is provided with means, such as a bearing 16, capable of rotatably supporting a basket 18 in the shape of a drum.
  • a bearing 16 capable of rotatably supporting a basket 18 in the shape of a drum.
  • the axis 20 of the rotating basket 18 is substantially horizontal.
  • the rotating basket 18 is placed above the well 14.
  • Means (not shown) for controlling rotation from the basket 18, such as an electric motor carried by the frame 10, are provided to drive the basket 18 rotating around its axis 20, by through a shaft 24 mounted in the bearing 16.
  • the speed of rotation of the basket 18 is relatively low (for example, less than 100 rpm).
  • the basket 18 can be fixed directly to this, without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the basket 18 comprises a plurality anvils 26 regularly distributed, oriented according to generators in the basket.
  • Each of these anvil 26 carries a cutting member 28 ( Figures 3 and 4).
  • the mounting of the cutting members 28 on the anvils 26 is produced according to techniques known to man of the trade, so it will not be detailed description.
  • a reduced clearance 29 ( Figure 4) is formed between the end of each cutting member 28 facing the inside of the machine and anvil 26 adjacent, so as to allow only the passage of fibers of predetermined maximum dimensions.
  • each of the anvils 26 are connected to the shaft 24 by a flange 30 ( Figure 2).
  • the opposite ends of the anvils 26 are fixed on a disc 32, having a circular opening 33 in its central part.
  • the frame 10 includes a housing 34 which completely envelops basket 18, with the exception the lower part of it located above the well 14.
  • the housing 34 also has an opening circular 35 located opposite the circular opening 33 formed in the center of the disc 32 of the basket 18.
  • a hopper 36 is connected to the circular opening 35 formed in the housing 34, so as to allow the introduction blocks B of organic matter to be defibrated in the central part of the basket 18.
  • the defibration machine according to the invention further includes a percussive wheel 38, mounted coaxially inside the basket 18, so to be able to turn at high speed in the opposite direction to this one, around their common axis 20.
  • the speed of rotation of the impact wheel 38 is, for example, between 500 rpm and 1500 rpm.
  • the impact wheel 38 is fixed on a shaft 40, rotatably supported by the tree 24 of the basket 18.
  • the tree 40 is driven in rotation by means (not shown) of rotation control, such as an electric motor, located on the frame 10 outside the housing 34.
  • the percussive wheel 38 is provided with blades 42, regularly distributed over the entire circumference of the wheel and oriented according to generators thereof.
  • the blades 42 are connected to the shaft 40 by a flange 44 ( Figure 2).
  • the blades 42 are interconnected by a disc 46 provided with a central circular opening 47 opposite which opens the hopper 36.
  • the blocks B of material organic to be defibrated are introduced directly into a central region of the impact wheel 38.
  • the blades 42 have a particular form which will now be described in detail.
  • each of blades 42 is formed from two separate parts.
  • a first of these parts, designated by the reference 48, is made in one piece with the flange 44 and the disc 46.
  • the second part 50 of each of the blades 42 is a removable part, fixed on part 48 by fixing means allowing disassembly of the part 50, such as screws, bolts, etc. These means of attachment are illustrated schematically by lines mixed 51 in Figure 4.
  • the first part 48 of each of the blades 42 is in the form of a flat plate whose side facing back (considering the direction of rotation of the impact wheel 38, symbolized by the arrow F3 in Figures 3 and 4) passes through the axis of rotation 20 of said wheel.
  • the removable part 50 of each of the blades 42 is in the form of a plate fixed on the front of part 48, so as to completely cover this front face.
  • each of the pieces removable 50 includes a flat main part 50a, which completely covers the front face of the corresponding part 48, with its outer edge turned towards the cutting members 28 to its inner edge facing the axis 20.
  • This main part 50a is oriented substantially radially.
  • Each of the pieces removable 50 also includes a terminal part curved 50b which extends the main plane part 50a towards the inside of the wheel, beyond the edge of the part 48 facing axis 20.
  • the end portion 50b is gradually curved forward (relative to the direction of rotation F3 of the striking wheel 38).
  • the curved profile of the terminal part 50b forms in section an arc of a circle which extends tangentially, without discontinuity, the flat main part 50a. More specifically, in the embodiment shown, the terminal part 50b presents in section substantially the shape of a quarter of circle.
  • each of the blades 42 is curved gradually forward, to its end inside, the percussive wheel 38 exerts on the blocks B to defibrate an attenuated force, oriented substantially radially outward from the wheel.
  • the blocks B are first in contact with the end of the front face of the end portion 50b, which is oriented in a substantially circumferential direction by compared to the wheel.
  • the front of the blade 42 according to the invention presents approximately the spoon-shaped in its turned end towards the inside of the wheel.
  • This spoon shape has has the effect of accelerating the displacement of the blocks B of material to be defibrated towards the cutting members 28. From that a block B is struck by the inner end of the front face of a blade, this block is guided and accelerated radially outward following a path such as shown by arrow F4 in Figure 4. In more of the acceleration effect and the improvement of the resulting production, this arrangement translates also by a reduction in the wear of the blades, thanks to a lowering of the shocks of the blocks B on these.
  • blades 42 according to the invention also has the consequence induce an air push, directed towards cutting members 28, significantly larger than in machines of the prior art.
  • This push increased air adds to centrifugal force and the acceleration given by the profile of the front face blades 42, to further improve the efficiency of the machine.
  • each of the removable parts 50 closest to the cutting members 28 present, on its front face, the shape of a rounded bevel 50c, gradually curved backwards as it approaches cutting members 28. More specifically, the rounded bevel 50c has a profile in section curved which extends tangentially and without discontinuity the flat front face of the main part 50a of Exhibit 50.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to force the blocks of smallest and lightest material towards cutting members 28. This compensates for the decrease in the centrifugal force resulting from the gradual reduction of the mass of the blocks during the defibration operation. The addition of this feature allows thus further improving the efficiency of the machine.
  • the invention is not limited to embodiment which has just been described as example.
  • the profile of the blades of the impact wheel may be slightly different from the profile described, without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the blades can be curved over almost any their length.
  • the blades can be made in a single piece that cannot be dismantled.
  • the invention applies equally to a machine with a fixed basket and a machine with a rotating basket.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Unknown Constitution (AREA)
EP00400832A 1999-03-30 2000-03-27 Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von synthetischen oder natürlichen organischen Materialien, wie z.B. Holz Expired - Lifetime EP1043130B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9903948A FR2791594B1 (fr) 1999-03-30 1999-03-30 Machine pour defibrer des blocs d'une matiere organique naturelle ou synthetique, telle que du bois
FR9903948 1999-03-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1043130A1 true EP1043130A1 (de) 2000-10-11
EP1043130B1 EP1043130B1 (de) 2005-07-20

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00400832A Expired - Lifetime EP1043130B1 (de) 1999-03-30 2000-03-27 Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von synthetischen oder natürlichen organischen Materialien, wie z.B. Holz

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1043130B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE299786T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60021301T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2791594B1 (de)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1424225A (en) * 1922-02-25 1922-08-01 Williams Patent Crusher & Pulv Coved pivoted hammer
DE1199478B (de) * 1963-02-25 1965-08-26 Kralovopolska Strojirna Zerspanungsmaschine, insbesondere fuer Holz und Holzabfaelle
DE1653111B1 (de) * 1966-04-04 1970-10-22 Maier Dr Ing Gerhard Vorrichtung zum Zerspanen von kleinstueckigem Material,insbesondere von vorzerkleinertem Holz
DE4309882A1 (de) * 1993-03-26 1994-09-29 Pallmann Kg Maschf Siebkorbmühle mit Trennklingen
FR2723705A1 (fr) * 1994-08-17 1996-02-23 Pallmann Kg Maschf Dispositif de broyage pour la production de particules en forme de prismes et en particulier en forme de cubes a partir de materiaux pouvant etre coupes

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1424225A (en) * 1922-02-25 1922-08-01 Williams Patent Crusher & Pulv Coved pivoted hammer
DE1199478B (de) * 1963-02-25 1965-08-26 Kralovopolska Strojirna Zerspanungsmaschine, insbesondere fuer Holz und Holzabfaelle
DE1653111B1 (de) * 1966-04-04 1970-10-22 Maier Dr Ing Gerhard Vorrichtung zum Zerspanen von kleinstueckigem Material,insbesondere von vorzerkleinertem Holz
DE4309882A1 (de) * 1993-03-26 1994-09-29 Pallmann Kg Maschf Siebkorbmühle mit Trennklingen
FR2723705A1 (fr) * 1994-08-17 1996-02-23 Pallmann Kg Maschf Dispositif de broyage pour la production de particules en forme de prismes et en particulier en forme de cubes a partir de materiaux pouvant etre coupes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60021301D1 (de) 2005-08-25
FR2791594B1 (fr) 2001-06-08
DE60021301T2 (de) 2006-05-24
ATE299786T1 (de) 2005-08-15
FR2791594A1 (fr) 2000-10-06
EP1043130B1 (de) 2005-07-20

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