EP0995521A1 - Giesserei-Formmaschine - Google Patents
Giesserei-Formmaschine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0995521A1 EP0995521A1 EP99120305A EP99120305A EP0995521A1 EP 0995521 A1 EP0995521 A1 EP 0995521A1 EP 99120305 A EP99120305 A EP 99120305A EP 99120305 A EP99120305 A EP 99120305A EP 0995521 A1 EP0995521 A1 EP 0995521A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- molding
- station
- box
- model
- filling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title claims description 354
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 239000003110 molding sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 77
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 68
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 110
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000036461 convulsion Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 235000004443 Ricinus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229960005486 vaccine Drugs 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C11/00—Moulding machines characterised by the relative arrangement of the parts of same
- B22C11/02—Machines in which the moulds are moved during a cycle of successive operations
- B22C11/08—Machines in which the moulds are moved during a cycle of successive operations by non-rotary conveying means, e.g. by travelling platforms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C25/00—Foundry moulding plants
Definitions
- the invention relates to a molding machine for the production of boxed sand molds, using one of top and bottom Sub-box model of existing model plate pair, whereby the individual work steps within a form line in a straight line one behind the other and working in parallel Stations are divided.
- the sand is filled into the molding box and the compaction takes place in succession, with a movement of the sand filling vessel or the molding unit ( model plate, molding box, filling frame ) being necessary in between.
- This requires a lot of time and there is inevitably only a very short time for filling the sand into the molding box, which is known to be done by quickly opening the sand filling funnel by means of a blind or fish mouth lock.
- this distance After compacting, this distance must first be traveled during demolding before the molding box is placed on the roller conveyor in the entrance to initiate the process of separating the model from the mold. Driving through this distance takes time because the lowering movement has to be gently accelerated and decelerated on this relatively short path, because high acceleration and deceleration values would lead to shocks that would propagate to the shape still adhering to the model plate and thus more sensitive to tearing Can lead bales of shape.
- Another disadvantage is that before and after the aparativ complex Rotational movement a multiple up and down movement of the Lift tables are required, which takes time and at DE-3908 203-A1 and DE-4305128-A1 also limit the sand filling time leads.
- This state of the art is also liable according to the three mentioned writings the disadvantage that when demolding first travel the distance described above with loss of time must be before the molding box in the entrance to the Roller conveyor touches down. All of these disadvantages have a significant effect Effort in functional time, resulting in a corresponding long cycle time of the molding machines.
- the molding unit ( model plate, molding box, filling frame ) stacked in the sand filling station and filled with molding sand is clocked within the molding box transport path together with the molding boxes by one molding box division and thus reaches the molding and compression station.
- a finished mold is moved out of the molding and compression station and an empty molding box is inserted into the sand filling station.
- the model previously lowered in the molding and compacting station is transported back to the sand filling station on a level below the molding box transport path.
- Lift tables in both stations lift and lower the model plates.
- a single filling frame is used, which is transported back to the sand filling station with a separate drive on a level above the mold box transport path. The return transport takes place during removal from the mold and as soon as a corresponding minimum distance has been reached between the molding box and the filling frame.
- the model plate In the sand filling station, the model plate has in the meantime received the molding box so that the filling frame that has arrived is picked up after a residual stroke of the lifting table and the sand filling in the molding box can begin.
- This prior art has the disadvantage that the use of a single filling frame, despite a certain improvement compared to the previously described prior art, still requires a great deal of functional time, which leads to a correspondingly long cycle time of the molding machine and also considerably limits the sand filling time .
- Another disadvantage is that the distance described above must be covered with loss of time when demolding.
- a particular disadvantage is that the still on the compact form lying on the model plate over an extreme long way must be lowered before the molding box to Demoulding is placed on the roller conveyor.
- the object of the present invention is that described above Disadvantages of the different molding machine designs to avoid and suggest a molding machine with what by concentrating and reducing the cycle time-relevant Movements as well as the relocation of dead time-causing Secondary movements in functional units working in parallel, a significant reduction in cycle time and thus one significant increase in machine speed is achieved but also a correspondingly long time for an advantageous, time-stretched and finely metered sand filling in the Mold box should be available.
- This object is achieved according to the invention by arranging four stations lying in a straight line one behind the other in a compact manner within a machine frame with the mold box transport path, the filling frame being placed on the mold box in the first station and the model under the mold box in the second station is lifted and the completed molding unit is filled with molding sand, the compression and demolding takes place in the 3rd station and the filling frame is removed from the molding box in the 4th station and transported to the rear of the molding machine by a cross carriage and from there via a roller conveyor and is brought back to the first station via a cross car belonging to station 1.
- the object is achieved according to the invention by that the molding sand continuously within a certain time over a conveyor belt and over a multi-stage Aerator set is filled into the mold box, the aerator set arranged in a housing or sand guide funnel is that sits tightly on the filling frame when filling with sand and which has approximately the same inner cross section like the molding box and in particular via slot nozzles an air stream is sucked into the model plate, which the top of the housing or sand guide funnel over a Sieve can enter unhindered and without negative pressure and the one with the falling molding sand down through the case flows and thereby a gradually increasing and even Fills all model parts and sensitive model bags.
- the molding machine according to the invention has a number of significant Advantages that are described below.
- the sand guide funnel After retracting the molding box with the Filling frame, the sand guide funnel is over a Short stroke device after approx.15mm stroke on the Filling frame attached. By lifting the molding box the sand guide funnel is pushed up slightly again and it sits tightly and tightly on the filling frame on. As soon as the model plate has gripped the molding box begins the sand filling. Because the mold box is filling up with sand already in transport position with regard to its height level the sand can be filled in until the Mold boxes last because the sand guide funnel is only about 10mm (15-5!) Must be lifted off the filling frame, what for the following Filling frame means an inlet clearance of approx.15mm. The sand filling is therefore about 60% of the total cycle time to disposal.
- the molding box transport In the case of the molding box transport, the ones lying against each other are pushed together Molded boxes clocked by one division.
- the molding unit filled with molding sand reaches the compression station.
- it will be in the compression station countersunk model below the mold box conveyor transported back to the sand filling station.
- the bottom edge the fixed pressure frame of the compression station and the lower edge of the raised sand hopper lies on the same level. Therefore the upper edge of the filling frame moves the molding unit filled with molding sand with a low Play of only approx.10mm under the compression frame of the compression station on.
- the model plate runs on the one assigned to it Roller conveyor while the molding box is still a distance of about 5mm to its roller conveyor.
- the lifting table of the Compression station moves under the model plate and presses it Molding unit after a further stroke of only approx.10mm with a compression-dependent preload against the pressure frame the compression station, after which the compression takes place.
- the molding box has a distance of only about 15mm to it Roller conveyor on which it is placed after compaction. But in order to drive through after the compaction To avoid this 15mm in the entrance are the four outer ones Rollers of the molding roller conveyor in the area of the compression station mounted on adjustable eccentric bolts.
- the four rollers are compacted by adjusting their eccentric bolts against the track of the Mold box pressed, which after compression and a gentle relaxation of the compression or Preload that Demold with the slow sinking of the model out of the mold can start immediately and without wasting time.
- the slow sinking is required to carefully separate the model and shape and according to a model-dependent way, the sinking of the model accelerated to a higher speed.
- the eccentric bolts turn in the lower eccentric point, so that the molding box with a sinusoidal Movement smoothly with the speed value zero on the other roles.
- Another variant is the four eccentric Do not close the casters against the molding box roller but push them up to a distance of approx Approach the molding rail.
- the entire molding unit slowly lowered by about 3mm, before the molding box on the eccentrically mounted rollers attaches, which then begins the demolding.
- the relaxation of the compression or preload and the demolding are safely separated, the Time required to bridge the approx.3mm no noticeable negative Has an impact on the cycle time.
- This variant is also a particularly careful and vibration-free treatment the compacted form guaranteed. Overall, both work Variants without loss of time a vibration-free and gentle Demoulding, causing damage to the mold such as the Tearing off sensitive bales of form can be avoided.
- a major advantage is that the filling frame outside the compression and demolding station removed from the molding box becomes, that is, when the model and form are already separated.
- the vibrations that occur when separating the filler frame and mold, as is the case, for example, with the prior art abrupt hold of the fill frame during the downward movement is the case and this shocks on the still act on the model adhering shape are in the inventive Molding machine does not exist.
- the mold boxes are centered in the two outdoor stations.
- the two mold boxes between the sand filling station and the compression station have a slight Match each other so that an unimpeded vertical movement is possible.
- a vertical movement of only about 15mm is required, the molded boxes remain with the minor Play within their push pins, i.e. on removing and threading the mold boxes during the vertical lifting movement is advantageously not required.
- a pair of models is used to operate the molding machine according to the invention needed, so that an upper box and a lower box shape is produced in succession.
- an in A willing model pair can be a flying model change be performed.
- Through the four in a row lying stations it is also possible with 2 or 3 model pairs to drive in constant model change, i.e. after every The model can be changed in cycles. This is special an advantage if e.g. a model with cooling iron or with exothermic Feeders must be equipped.
- the invention Forming machine offers the advantage that the models on the Orbit in front of the molding machine is freely accessible for handling are and especially when circulating with 3 model pairs sufficient handling time is available.
- Model combination are driven, for example, a Model pair molded twice in a row without the need for treatment while the other pair of models equipped with the necessary accessories in orbit and then into a unique molding process in the molding machine and what this 2: 1 cycle of lot size changes repeated accordingly.
- 2 or 3 pairs of models can find other models on a park lane outside of the orbit are ready for replacement.
- the filling frame is returned to the back of the molding machine via a driven roller conveyor or via a downhill roller conveyor.
- a driven roller conveyor or via a downhill roller conveyor.
- the Return roller conveyor on the back of the molding machine is advantageous an existing dead space above the Pallet conveyor used. It is also advantageous that only a small distance between the molding machine and the pallet track What is required is short transport routes for molded case translators the molding plant means and what the Space requirements for the molding plant can be reduced. It there are a total of 5 filling frames in circulation, making the individual Steps in the filling frame circulation without time constraint within the molding machine cycle time can be carried out.
- the molding machine according to the invention is within a clearly defined Machine frame compactly and clearly structured and it can be easily formed into a shape line or mold system, with a mold box cleaning device on the inlet side and a molding box turning device on the outlet side can be grown.
- inventive Molding machine can also do all common compression processes such as the air pulse method with its various Variants, the mechanical multi-punch press or Airflow pressing can also be easily integrated. For example, in Fig. 1 the air pulse method and indicated in Fig.3 the multi-punch airflow pressing.
- a particular advantage is that the invention Molding machine a time-stretched sand filling in the Molding box allows for this, about 60% of the total cycle time is available.
- the molding sand is used during the available filling time continuously with a uniform and rectangular cross-sectional profile from a conveyor belt withdrawn from a storage bunker and over one in one Sand guide funnel arranged, multi-stage aerator set in filled the molding box.
- the width of the cross-sectional profile corresponds approximately to the internal dimensions of the molded box in relation on its transverse axis. This will initially go across the width of the molding sand inlet or across the transverse axis of the molding box achieved an even distribution of molding sand.
- the filling time is filled with sand in the mold box supports an air flow via slot nozzles in the model plate is sucked in. This airflow can pass through a sieve Enter freely at the top of the sand guide funnel and there is no intentional negative pressure effect in the molding space.
- the sieve prevents splashing out of molding sand due to the aerator effect. Because the sand guide funnel during the filling process, tight on the filling frame is seated, the entire molding space is sand-tight However not sealed airtight. This means that no molding sand can escape, which enables a particularly clean sand filling.
- the air flow flows down and with the falling molding sand supports in a particularly advantageous manner by suction of the molding sand, the even filling of all model parts, especially the sensitive, narrow and deep model bags, without a negative pressure with pre-compression effect to effect.
- the compression unit 10 or 11 which can be designed for different compression methods, is integrated in the head frame 6 .
- the roller conveyor 12 runs through the machine frame for the transport of the molding boxes 4 , which are each cyclically transported through the molding machine in the direction of the arrow 13 after the working cycles of the individual stations.
- the mold boxes lie against each other via their wear-resistant push bolts 14 .
- the transport roller conveyor 12 is attached to the columns 8 and 9 .
- a mold box cleaning device 15 is installed on the inlet side of the molding machine and a mold box turning device 16 in the form of a drum turner is mounted on the outlet side.
- the filling frame 5 is placed on the molding box 4 in the upper level and a model plate 2a is provided on the raised lifting table 28A in the lower level, which in the case of a model change coincides with the molding box transport 13 from station "A" is transported to station "B” .
- the illustration shows the filling frame 5a already deposited with the lowered filling frame lifting device 17 .
- the molding sand is poured into the molding box on axis "B" .
- the illustration shows the bottom box molding unit which is already filled with molding sand up to line 18 and which consists of model plate 1b , molding box 4b and filling frame 5b .
- the model plate 1b is placed on its upper roller conveyor 19 and the molding box 4b is at a slight distance 20 (approx. 5 mm) from its roller conveyor 12 .
- the lifting table 21 which has lifted the model plate 1b under the molding box 4b , is again in the lowered position and the sand guide funnel 22 is lifted off the filling frame 5b , the lower edge of the sand filling funnel 22 and the lower edge of the compression unit 10/11 or the Press frame 10a are at the same level.
- the slight distance dimension 23b between the upper edge of the filling frame 5b and the lower edge of the sand guide funnel 22 is approximately 10 mm.
- the axis "C” compresses the shape and separates the shape and model ( demolding ).
- the illustration shows the molding process that has already been completed.
- the molding box 4c with the compressed top box shape stands on its roller conveyor 12 , the filling frame 5c rests on the molding box 4c and the molding material is compressed up to the line 24 .
- the lifting table or press table 25 is lowered, the upper box model plate 1a is ready on its lower roller conveyor 26 for transport back to station "B” and the upper model plate roller conveyor 27 is swiveled in and thus to accommodate the molding unit ( model plate 1b , molding box 4b and filling frame 5b ) station "B" ready.
- a small clearance 75b (approx.20mm) between the highest point of the model and the lowest point of the model plate is required for the return transport of the model plate 1a from station “C” to station “B” .
- the maximum outside dimension 75 is determined by the maximum model height 75a , the free dimension 75b and the model plate height 75c .
- the filling frame 5d is removed from the molding box 4d in the upper level and the raised lifting table 28D is ready in the lower level to pick up the model plate 1a from the station C in the event of a model change, the transport being carried out simultaneously with the molding box transport 13 would be performed.
- the illustration shows the filling frame 5d which has already been lifted off and transported to the rear of the molding machine.
- the filling frame lifting device 29 is lowered and thus ready to receive the next following filling frame 5c .
- the two molding boxes 4b and 4c are at the stations "B" and "C” between the centered and locked molding boxes 4a and 4d on their impact bolt 14, a slight clearance from ca.0,7mm per collision so that they freely the required vertical movements can perform.
- the centering piston 30 (FIG. 4) and the centering bushes 31 (FIG. 4) are designed such that the molding boxes are centered only in the horizontal direction, while the centering bushing 31 or the molding box is freely movable in the vertical direction to the centering piston 30 .
- FIG. 1 shows the starting position of the molding machine in accordance with the preceding description and the functional sequence , which will be described in more detail later, can begin in this position with the opening of the centering piston 30 and the subsequent mold box transport 13 .
- FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the sand filling station "B" according to the section line BB in Fig.1.
- the current filling level being, for example, at the level of line 32 .
- the lifting table 21 has lifted the model plate 1b from the lower model plate roller conveyor 26 and moved it under the molding box 4b , which was lifted from its roller conveyor 12 by the dimension 33 (approx. 8 mm).
- the sand guide funnel 22 sits tightly on the filling frame 5b .
- the model plate 1b is so high that the rollers 19a of the horizontally adjustable or pivotable model plate roller conveyor 19 can move or swivel in with the play 34 (approx.
- FIG. 2 shows the sand filling process that has already been completed.
- the molding unit is completely filled with molding sand up to line 18 .
- the lifting table 21 has moved into the lower position, the model plate 1b has been placed on the model plate roller conveyor 19 and the molding box 4b resting on the model plate 1b is at a slight distance 20 (approx. 5 mm) from its roller conveyor 12 .
- the sand guide funnel 22 is raised from the filling frame 5b , the distance 23b from the filling frame being approximately 10 mm.
- the sand filling device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a sand guide funnel 22 , the inside dimensions of which are slightly smaller by the dimension 37 than the inside dimensions of the filling frame 5 . In the event of dimensional inaccuracies, this prevents surface protrusions on the inside of the filling frame, on which molding sand could deposit.
- the sand guide funnel 22 is lined with Teflon 38 on the inside in order to prevent the molding sand from caking.
- a three-stage aerator set 39 Arranged within the sand guide funnel 22 , the axes of which are mounted in bearing plates 40 attached to the outside of the sand guide funnel 22 and which are driven by the drive elements 41 and 42 . As shown in FIG.
- the aerator axes have different directions of rotation, which on the one hand bring about an optimal loosening of molding sand and on the other hand ensure a uniform distribution of molding sand in the longitudinal axis of the molding box. It makes sense to assign one direction of rotation to the left-hand drive unit 41 and the other direction of rotation to the right-hand drive unit 42 .
- the sand guide funnel 22 is suspended from a cylinder-operated lever system 43 , the two lever arms 43a and 43b (FIGS. 1 and 2) and the individual lever arm 43c (FIG. 1) being rigidly connected to a shaft 43d (FIG. 1). As a result, the two lever arms 43a and 43b are moved synchronously by the individual lifting cylinder 44 (FIGS.
- the lever system is supported in the two bearing pillars 45 .
- the sand guide funnel 22 is suspended in the upper region via the pins 46 (FIGS. 1 and 2) on the lever arms 43a and 43b and in the lower region via the bolts 47 (FIGS. 1 and 2), which results in a precisely guided vertical movement of the Sand guide funnel is made possible.
- the aerator sets continue to run continuously during the operation of the molding machine, ie they are not switched off in the short time phase in which no sand is filled.
- the sand guiding funnel 22 is clamped non-positively in its upper and lower working position.
- the pneumatic lifting cylinder 44 has a corresponding stroke reserve, so that the sand guide funnel was pressed firmly onto the filling frame 5 in the lower position and pulled firmly against the stops 48 in the upper position.
- the lifting table 21 has at least two guide rods 49 consisting of thick-walled tubes, which on the one hand have the function of the lifting table guide and on the other hand serve as a connecting line for air intake via the model plate.
- the guide rods 49 are connected at the lower end via flexible hose lines 50 to a controllable and disconnectable vacuum source 51 , with which an air flow regulated according to the requirements is generated. This air flow is sucked in via the slot nozzles 52 used in the model plate and guided via the model plate cavity 53 , the bores 54 and 55 and the cavity of the guide rods 49 to the vacuum source 51 .
- the air flow sucked in via the slit nozzles 52 has the effect that, with a correspondingly regulated intensity, together with the finely metered molding sand, a gradual and uniform filling of all model parts, in particular the narrow and deep-lying model pockets, is achieved without a negative pressure with pre-compression effect of the molding sand being produced.
- the main effect is that a uniform and fine or narrow bulk density of the grains of sand is achieved in all model sections while avoiding voids or air bubbles. This is an important prerequisite for optimal and even compression.
- the sand guide funnel 22 is covered on the top in a sand-tight manner with a sieve 57 (FIG.
- the air flow is particularly important in the initial phase of molding sand filling, in which the model sections are first filled. From a certain fill level, the air flow can therefore be continuously reduced until it reaches the value zero or is switched off approximately in the fill level range of line 32 .
- the lifting table 21 can then lower to its lower position up to line 18 during the rest of the filling, in order to release the roller conveyor 26 in good time for the model plate transport from station "C" to station "B” .
- the molding sand is fed into the sand guide hopper 22 and into the molding chamber 56 via the conveyor belt 58 , which draws the molding sand from a storage bunker 59 and conveys it into the sand guide hopper 22 via the intermediate hopper 60 .
- the molding sand is drawn off from the storage bunker 59 through an appropriately designed outlet opening with a uniform rectangular cross-sectional profile 61 .
- the width of the cross-sectional profile 61 corresponds approximately to the inner width of the molding box 4 , so that a uniform molding sand distribution is achieved via the transverse axis.
- the side walls of the intermediate funnel 60 extend as lateral guide walls up to the storage bunker 59 and prevent the rectangular cross-sectional profile 61 of the molding sand from falling apart.
- the inner walls of the intermediate funnel 60 are lined with Teflon 38a in order to prevent the molding sand from caking.
- the molding sand evenly distributed over the transverse axis falls in the middle ( FIG. 1 ) into the sand guide funnel 22 and is then evenly distributed on both sides in the longitudinal axis of the molding box by adjustable guide elements 62 and by the aerators 39 and at the same time also loosened up.
- part of the molding sand falling in the middle is whirled outwards by the opposite directions of rotation of the upper row of aerators, which are indicated in FIG .
- the further distribution and loosening takes place through the two lower rows of aerators.
- the sand distribution can be optimized by a variable adjustment of the speed and direction of rotation of the individual aerator axes.
- the conveyor belt 58 When the conveyor belt 58 is switched on, its conveying speed is gradually increased to the final value. This allows the initial filling of critical model batches to be carried out with particular care.
- the available time is fully used as a fixed size for sand filling.
- the dosage of the model-dependent amount of molding material is achieved by adjusting the conveying speed of the conveyor belt 58 and / or by adjusting the layer height 63 (FIGS. 1 and 2) via a slide of the storage bunker 59 .
- FIG. 3 shows a cross section through the compression station "C" according to section line CC in Fig.1.
- the right half section shows an operating state in which the molding unit filled with molding sand ( model plate 1a , molding box 4c and filling frame 5c ) together with the molding box transport 13 has been moved into the compression station on the horizontally engaged upper model plate roller conveyor 27 .
- the model plate 1a stands on the upper model plate roller track 27 wherein the mold box 4c located at a distance 20 (ca.5mm) is to its roller conveyor 12 and the filling frame 5c the spacing 23c (about 10 mm) to the lower edge 10a of the compressing unit 10/11 has.
- the lifting table or the press table 25 is still lowered and the model plate 1b is moved back on its lower roller conveyor 26 into the sand filling station of the axis "B" , so that the lifting table or press table 25 can lift up next.
- the lifting table or press table 25 is raised and has pressed the molding unit ( model plate 1a , molding box 4c and filling frame 5c ) against the frame 10a of the compression unit 10/11 .
- the lifting or press cylinders 64 (FIGS. 1 and 3), which in their double arrangement also serve as a guide unit, generate a pressing or pretensioning force with which the compression force can be absorbed without the molding unit being pressed down .
- the compression process is carried out in this position, the bores 55a being able to be connected, for example, to a vacuum source depending on the compression method used.
- the upper model plate roller conveyor 27 has been opened by horizontal adjustment or pivoting out, so that the model plate 1a can be lowered onto the lower model plate roller conveyor 26 after compression.
- the four rollers 65 (FIG. 1, 3) mounted on eccentric bolts 65a , which are arranged in the outermost region of the molding box sliding rails ( FIG. 1-65 ), were also adjusted by individual adjustment 67 (FIG. 3 ) the eccentric pin 65a (Fig. 3) is pressed under the molding barrel bar.
- the molding box 4c is at a distance d 66 (approx.15mm) from the normal level of the molding box roller conveyor 12 .
- the pressing or preload force is reduced without jerks and immediately afterwards the process of separating the model and form can begin, in which the lifting table 25 with the model plate 1a is first lowered in the entrance and after a model-dependent entrance path, the further lowering process smoothly to a higher one Speed is accelerated.
- each of the four castors 65 lies flush and spaced against the molding box runner due to the individual adjustment 67 , even if the molding box ( for example due to the inclusion of sand between molding box and model plate ) should not lie exactly plane-parallel on the model plate.
- the process of separating the model and the form can therefore start particularly advantageously from the position that the molding box had assumed during compaction, so that there can be no harmful one-sided start of the separating process if the molding box has not placed exactly plane-parallel on the model plate.
- the form scrap is reduced considerably.
- the four casters 65 are for the remaining downward movement of the pattern plate in synchronism with each other on the roller level of the mold box roller conveyor 12 is lowered, whereby the mold box by the dimension 66 (ca.15mm) is lowered and placed onto its roller conveyor 12 becomes.
- the eccentric bolts 65a rotate in the lower eccentric point so that the molding box gently touches its roller conveyor 12 with a sinusoidal movement with the end speed zero.
- the filling frame return path 71 and the model plate circulation path 86 are also indicated.
- the running up of the model plate by the dimension 35 enables the free dimension 36 (FIGS. 1, 2 and 3) with an access or view possibility to the model plate, which also applies to FIG. 2 in the area of the sand filling station.
- the mold boxes 4 After the mold box centering 30 has been opened (FIGS. 1.4 and 7), the mold boxes 4 , which abut one another via their pushing pins 14, are moved by a transport cylinder 91 (FIG. 7) by a mold box division in the direction of the arrow 13 .
- the molded molding box 4c with its filling frame 5c enters station "D"
- the molding unit filled with molding sand ( model plate 1b , molding box 4b and filling frame 5b ) enters station "C”
- an empty molding box 4a with its filling frame 5a enters the station "B" .
- the model plate 1b runs on the swiveled-in roller conveyors 19 and 27 , while the molding box 4b resting on the model plate 1b has the distance 20 (approx. 5 mm) to its roller conveyor 12 and the thrust force transmission takes place via the equivalent offset 20a of the push bolts, the model plate 1b is taken from the molding box 4b fixed on it. All other molding boxes run on their roller conveyor 12 . Simultaneously with the mold box transport 13 , the model plate 1a runs back on its driven roller conveyor 26 from the station "C" to the station "B” .
- the mold box is centered during the first lifting half of the lifting tables 21 and 25 , so that the molding boxes are centered in the stations "A" and "D” when the lifting table 25 reaches the model plate 1b and the model plate 1a lying on the lifting table 21 reaches the molding box and thus the mold boxes in stations "B" and “C” can be moved freely with each other with little play.
- Monitoring on the control side ensures that the upward movement of the lifting tables is stopped in good time if the centering is incorrect.
- After centering the mold boxes of sand guide funnel 22 is put through the lifting device 43,44 on the filling frame, for which purpose only a small stroke of ca.15mm is required.
- the lift table 21 moves the pattern plate 1a under the molding box and lifts it, including filling frame ca.8mm of his runway 12 from.
- the sand guide funnel 22 is again pressed upwards against the elastic pressure of the pneumatic cylinder 44 by approximately 8 mm.
- the roller conveyor 19 is pivoted in again, the rollers 19a having the play 34 (approx. 3 mm) with the model plate roller track.
- the air flow is switched off and the lifting table 21 is lowered in order to enable the model plate to be transported from station "C" to station "B" in good time.
- the model plate 1a is placed on the roller conveyor 19 after a stroke of about 3 mm.
- the sand guide funnel 22 lowers by the same amount, but remains on the filling frame until the end of the molding sand filling.
- the sand filling time ends when the mold box centering 30 is opened , which means that a fixed time is assigned to it from the assembly of the model plate and the mold box.
- the model-dependent molding sand requirement is achieved by adjusting the conveyor speed and the acceleration of the conveyor belt 58 and / or by adjusting the layer height 63 (FIGS. 1 and 2).
- the sand guide funnel 22 is raised by the dimension 23b (approx. 10 mm) while the mold box centering 30 is opened.
- the work cycle of the sand filling station "B" is now complete.
- the compression station “C” works in parallel to the sand filling station “B” .
- the upward movement of the lifting or pressing table 25 was started simultaneously with the upward movement of the lifting table 21 .
- the lifting or pressing table 25 moves under the model plate 1b retracted in station “C” and lifts it with the molding box and filling frame by the dimension 23c (approx. 10 mm) and presses the filling frame against the frame with a pretensioning force required for the compression 10a of the compression unit 10/11 , after which the compression process is triggered.
- the molding box is located at a distance 66 (approx.15mm) from its roller conveyor 12 and the model plate 1b at a distance 23d (approx.10mm) from its roller conveyor 27 .
- the roller conveyor 27 is pivoted back horizontally and the rollers 65 (FIGS. 1 and 3) mounted on the eccentric pin 65a (FIG. 3) are pivoted under the molding box track.
- the pretensioning force is reduced without jerks and immediately afterwards the process of separating the model and form can begin, in which the lifting table 25 with the model plate 1b is first lowered in a fine manner via a model-dependent path and then in high speed, while the model plate 1b is lowered onto its lower roller conveyor 26 discontinued.
- the four rollers 65 (Fig.1 u.3) during the remaining downward movement of the model plate 1b in synchronism with each other on the roller level of the mold box roller conveyor 12 is lowered, whereby the molding box 4b by the dimension 66 (ca .15mm) is lowered and placed on its roller conveyor 12 .
- the roller conveyor 27 is pivoted back into the readiness to take up and the mold box centering 30 is opened as soon as the model plate 1b is lowered out of the region of the roller conveyor 27 .
- the working cycle of the compression station “C” is ended when the model plate 1b is placed on its lower roller conveyor 26 . Since the sand filling station "B" and the compression station “C” work in parallel and end their working cycle at the same time, a new working cycle can begin with the mold box transport 13 .
- FIGS. 5, 6 and 7. In correspondence to the section line AA or to the station "A” , the filling frame 5 is transported from the axis "Y” to the axis "X” and placed there on the molding box 4 .
- the model plate 1 is transported from the axis "Z” to the axis "X” into the molding machine.
- the filling frame 5 in the axis “X” is removed from the molding box 4 and transported from there to the axis “Y” .
- the model plate 2 is transported from the "X" axis to the "Z” axis out of the molding machine.
- Below the axis "Y” ie behind the molding machine ) is the pallet transport path 68 (FIGS. 4 and 7) of the molding system, with which the empty pallet trolleys are transported from the molding box separation station 69 (FIG. 7) to the molding box feed station 70 (FIG. 7) become.
- This illustration shows that the filling frame return path of the axis "Y” occupies an already existing dead space above that of the pallet path 68 and therefore no additional space or space is required for this.
- the cross transport of the filling frame 5 from the axis "X" to the axis "Y” or vice versa takes place with the cross transport carriage 72A / D , which has the cylinder-operated grippers 73A / D for receiving the filling frame.
- the filling frame is transferred from the transverse transport carriage 72A / D to the filling frame return roller conveyor 71 or vice versa by the lifting table 74A / D.
- the transverse transport carriage 72A stands with open grippers 73A in the axis "Y” .
- the lifting table 74A lifts the filling frame 5 , the grippers 73A close and take over the filling frame.
- the lifting table 74A lowers again and the cross transport carriage 72A moves with the filling frame to the axis "X" .
- the placement of the filling frame 5 on the filling frame return roller conveyor 71 in the station “D” is reversed.
- the transverse transport carriage 72D stands with closed grippers 73D and with the filling frame 5 in the "Y" axis.
- the lifting table 74D moves under the filling frame, the grippers 73D open, the lifting table 74D lowers again and places the filling frame on the filling frame return roller conveyor 71 .
- the cross transport carriage 72D then travels to the axis “X” with the grippers open.
- the transverse transport carriage 72D with open grippers 73D stands in the axis “X” .
- the filling frame is located with the molding box in station “D” and the molding box is centered and locked by the centering 30 .
- the lifting devices 29 (FIGS. 1 and 4) arranged on both sides of the molding roller conveyor 12 are lifted synchronously, the receiving plates 29c (FIGS. 1 and 4) attached to the crossbeams 29b (FIGS. 1 and 4) taking up the filling frame from Lift off the molding box.
- the grippers 73D close and take over the filling frame, the two lifting devices 29 lower again and then the cross transport carriage 72D moves with the filling frame to the axis "Y" .
- Placing the filling frame on the molding box in station "A" is reversed.
- the transverse transport carriage 72A stands with closed grippers 73A and with the filling frame in the axis “X” over a filling frame-free molding box which is centered and locked via the centering device 30 .
- the lifting devices 17 (FIGS. 1 and 4) arranged on both sides of the molding roller conveyor 12 are raised, the mounting plates 17c (FIGS. 1 and 4) attached to the crossbeams 17b receiving the filling frame.
- the grippers 73A and the two lifting devices 17 lower synchronously and place the filling frame on the molding box, after which the transverse transport carriage 72A travels with the grippers 73A to the axis “Y” .
- the filling frame 5 are secured on the mold boxes 4 against slipping. This takes place, for example, via the locking pins 76 (FIGS. 1 and 4) attached to the filling frame or via locking strips which are attached to the four outer corners of the filling frame ( not shown ).
- the filling frame surface is cleaned by the stripping device 77 (FIG. 1) in order to ensure a clean and sealing contact surface to the frame 10a of the compression unit 10/11 .
- the stripping device 77 lies on the adjusting screw 77a (FIG. 1) by gravity.
- the scraper 77b (FIG. 1) slides on and off again via the sliding bevels 77c (FIG. 1) attached to the filling frame transverse sides, so that the scraper device lies on the filling frame by gravity during transport.
- the transverse transport carriage 72A of the axis "A” moves from “X” to “Y " with open grippers 73A and the filling frame 5e (FIG. 5) moves on the filling frame return path 71 from "YB” to "YA” .
- the lifting table 74A (FIG. 5) lifts the filling frame 5e
- the grippers 73A close and take over the filling frame 5e
- the lifting table 74A lowers again and then the driver moves Cross transport carriage 72A with the filling frame 5e to the axis "X” .
- the filling frame 5d on the return roller conveyor 71 was moved from the position "YD” to the position "YB” .
- the transverse transport carriage 72D of the axis "D" travels from “Y” to "X” with the grippers 73D open.
- the lifting device 29 lifts the filling frame from the molding box, then the grippers 73D close and take over the filling frame , the lifting device 29 lowers again and then the transport carriage 72D moves with the filling frame to the axis "Y" .
- FIG. 8 shows a longitudinal section through the molding machine with a further embodiment variant for the transverse transport of the filling frames.
- Another design of the head frame 6a which is only supported by the two middle pairs of columns 8 and 9 , enables the arrangement of the two transverse transport carriages 78A / D with the integrated lifting devices 83A / D.
- the lifting device consists of the lifting cylinder 81A / D , the guide units 82A / D and the lifting frame 83A / D , in which the same grippers 73A / D are arranged as in the first embodiment.
- the 78A / D cross transport carriage runs with four 79A / D prismatic rollers or with corresponding support and guide rollers on the guide or support rail 80A / D.
- the functional sequence is basically the same as in the first variant.
- the various vertical lifting movements which take place in the same sense as in the first embodiment variant, are only taken over by a single traveling lifting device.
- the compression unit 10 or 11 and the sand guide funnel 22 remain unchanged integrated in the head frame 6a as in the first embodiment.
- the wind chamber 90 shown in FIG. 1 for the first variant can usefully be arranged in the available space above the filling frame return path 71 behind the molding machine for the second variant.
- FIGS. 4 and 6 show the model plate changing device and the model plate circulation around the molding machine, with which different operating variants can be operated.
- the model plate changing device and the model plate circulation consist of the driven roller conveyors 26 , 85A , 85D , and 86 as well as of the lifting tables 28A , 28D , 84A and 84D , which also have driven rollers.
- This embodiment according to the invention enables a model plate change or a model plate circulation within the molding machine cycle time for all operating variants.
- the model plate is transported from the molding machine to the outer web or vice versa via movable roller conveyor segments.
- roller conveyor segment has to be unloaded in a time-consuming manner after the model plate has been moved and then returned empty again before it can accept a model plate again, which ultimately requires a correspondingly long cycle time for the model plate circulation and thus leads to an extension of the molding machine cycle time.
- the molding machine can be operated with a pair of model plates (e.g. upper box model 1a and lower box model 1b ), with further pairs of model plates (e.g., places "A” and “H” and possibly also on places “G” and “F”) 2a / 2b and 3a / 3b ) are parked and ready to be replaced.
- a one-time model plate change is carried out, for example the model plate pair 1a / 1b being exchanged for the model plate pair 2a / 2b within two molding cycles and the inserted model plate pair 2a / 2b then being molded again for a preselected lot size in the molding machine.
- the exchanged pair of model plates in places "F” and “G” can be converted for the next use or can also be discharged onto the subsequent parking track 87 (FIG. 7) and replaced with another pair.
- the model plate change is thereby accomplished that when raised lift tables 28A and 28D (Figure 1) simultaneously with the molding box transport 13, the upper box model plate 1a by the station “C” at station “D” and the upper box model plate 2a of the station “A “ to station “ B " . Then the lifting tables 28A and 28D lower and subsequently the upper box model plate 1a runs on the roller conveyor 85D ( FIGS .
- the lifting tables 28A and 28D (FIG. 1) then lift, after which the lower box model plate 2b on the lifting table 28A is ready for changing into the molding machine and the raised empty lifting table 28D is ready for receiving the lower box model plate 1b .
- the stations "B” and “C” With the lifting of the lifting tables 28A and 28D into their upper lifting position, the stations “B” and “C” also ended their working cycle, so that at the same time as the mold box transport 13 in the same way as previously described, the lower box model plate 1b of the Station “C” to station “D” and the lower box model plate 2b are moved from station “A” to station “B” and then the lifting tables 28A and 28D are lowered again.
- the lifting tables 84A and 84D were also raised, so that also at the same time as the mold box transport 13 and the model plate change in the molding machine, the model plate transport from "E” to “F” and from “G” to " H “could run on the roller conveyor 86 of the axis " Z " and then the two lifting tables 84A and 84D then lowered again at the same time as the lifting tables 28A and 28D . Then a complete model plate change with upper and lower box model is carried out.
- the mold machine cycle time involves constant model plate changes, for which two or three model plate pairs are required.
- the model plates are in constant circulation, with each model being molded only once.
- This operating mode is particularly advantageous if the models have to be treated before each molding process, for example by applying cooling iron and / or by setting exothermic feeders.
- the model plates between positions "E" and "H" of the axis "Z” are freely accessible by the operating personnel 88 .
- the dwell time for manual treatment of a model plate in the "Z" axis is the longest for a given cycle time.
- an extended dwell time can be achieved by molding one pair of model plates at least twice in succession without the need for treatment, while the other pair of model plates is treated in the meantime in the "G” and “F” positions of the "Z" axis and then a single molding process in the molding machine and then this 2: 1 cycle or 3: 1 cycle is repeated according to the lot size.
- a parking path 87 is arranged in the extension of the axis "Z” , on which the model plates can be parked and prepared.
- the roller conveyor 86 of the "Z" axis can be walked on via the gratings 89 using an appropriate safety device, thereby creating an access possibility to the front of the molding machine.
- the model-specific parameters such as the amount of molding sand, Molding sand filling speed, type of compaction, compaction pressure, Compaction time, pouring funnel position, casting weight etc. are for each individual model in a data set stored, if necessary also with upper box / lower box identifier.
- the data record becomes the ID number assigned to the model in coded form on the model unit is attached. When entering the forma machine the coded ID number is read out, which means immediate access assures on the record so that the new parameters are immediately available and the molding machine is instantaneous can adjust to it.
- external devices such as the funnel position, Cast weight, vaccine and the like, becomes the identification number loaded into a shift register and to the external devices Provision of the data record and the parameters contained therein spent again.
- FIG. 8 Another variant of the model plate circulation is shown in Figure 8 and in Figure 4.
- 8 axis "A” shows the lifting device 93A , with which the model plate can be raised to the level of the model plate roller conveyor 26 and also to the level of the model plate roller conveyor 19 .
- the lifting of the model plate to the level of the roller conveyor 26 corresponds to the previously described embodiment variant.
- Raising the model plate or the lifting table 93A to the level of the roller conveyor 19 represents a new embodiment variant in which the model plate is already lifted under the molding box in station "A” .
- the molding box is also lifted from its roller conveyor 12 by the dimension 20 (approx. 5 mm), which is possible due to the vertical freedom of movement of the molding box centering 30/31 (FIG. 4) already described.
- model plate transport 13 In the case of mold box or model plate transport 13 , the model plate is then transported with the mold box and filling frame lying on it on the roller conveyor of the lifting table 93A and on the roller conveyor 19 from station "A" to station "B” . After about 3/4 of the mold box transport 13 , the lifting table lowers again into its lowest position so that it can take over the next model plate from the roller conveyor 85A in good time.
- the swing-out model plate roller conveyor 19 always remains pivoted in this operating mode.
- the model plate is constantly changed and the model plate circulated over the axis "Z" , for which at least two pairs of model plates are required.
- the advantage of this embodiment variant is that a finished molding unit ( model plate, molding box and filling frame ) already moves into the sand filling station "B" and therefore a longer time is available for filling the sand into the molding box, which is important for particularly critical models.
- the sand filling can begin at the end of the mold box transport 13 and last until the start of the next mold box transport.
- the lifting table 93A has a stroke 95 times longer than the lifting table 28A (FIG. 4), which ultimately only affects the guide units and the lifting cylinder.
- a tandem cylinder 100 with the two lifting sections 94 and 95 (FIG.
- the lifting cylinder is used as the lifting cylinder, the lower apendix piston 101 with the lifting dimension 94 mechanically ensuring the dimensionally accurate height position for the roller conveyor level 26 .
- the upper main piston of the tandem cylinder 100 has a small stroke reserve, so that the lifting table 93A is pushed into its upper position against the attached at the four outer points stop pin 96 (Fig.4 u.8).
- the dimensionally accurate height position for the roller conveyor level 19 is ensured mechanically on the one hand, and on the other hand the long-stroke lift table 93A is stabilized during the transport of the molding box or model plate 13. With the much shorter stroke 94 to the roller conveyor level 26 , this stabilization is not necessary.
- the driven rollers of the lifting table 93A are uncoupled from their drive during the molding box or model plate transport 13 so that they can be freely rotated from the model plate.
- the isolation is simply done by connecting or short-circuiting the two motor connections via a valve.
- the lifting table 21 via which the air flow for the sand filling is conducted, lowers for the molding box or. Model plate transport 13 only so far that the model plate can be moved over it with a slight play of approx. 10 mm. Then the lifting table 21 lifts again under the model plate in order to transmit the air flow.
- the corresponding functional sequence can be carried out by simply switching over the control programs. This switchover can be done either manually at the push of a button or automatically via a previously described data record signal in connection with the model ID number. Basically, these operating modes can also be operated depending on the model in mixed operation with any combination of batch sizes.
- station "A” can of course also be used in station “D” .
- This also requires a lifting table 93D (Fig. 8, Fig. 4) with the double function described above. This can be useful if a time-extended compression process is used.
- the swing-out model plate roller conveyor 27 always remains pivoted in this operating mode and the lifting or pressing table 25 only lowers after compacting to such an extent that the model plate can be moved over it with a slight play of approx. 10 mm.
- the model plate with the compacted shape lying thereon is transported on the model plate roller conveyor 27 and on the roller conveyor of the lifting table 93D from the station "C" to the station "D” , where the demolding is then carried out.
- FIGS. 7a, 7b and 7c show an example of how the molding machine according to the invention can be integrated in a molding system.
- Figure 7a shows the basic position of the molding system and the molding machine before the start of the mold box transport in the axis "X" with an upper box in the compression station "C” .
- 7b shows the position of the molding system after the first half of the molding box transport in the "X” axis with a lower box in the compression station "C” .
- 7c shows the position of the molding system after the second half of the molding box transport in the "X" axis with an upper box in the compression station “C” .
- the next representation would again be the basic position according to FIG .
- the known double translation devices 69 and 70 are first used, the device 69 being a molding box separating translation device and the device 70 being a molding box add-on translation device.
- the double function is that within two divisions an upper box and a lower box are transferred from or to the pallet conveyor 68 , the upper box being removed from the lower box ( separating ) and the lower box from the pallet in the device 69 , while the device 70 removes the upper box is placed on the bottom box (down) and the bottom box member on the pallet. Double the molding machine cycle time is thus available for the devices 69 and 70 and for the pallet track 68 .
- the transport cylinder 91 is arranged in the area of the separating translation device 69 and the double brake unit 92 for the mold box transport 13 (FIGS. 1 and 7) is arranged in the area of the additional translation device 70 .
- the devices 69 and 70 are designed so that they can work independently of the mold box transport 13 .
- the separating translator works so far that it travels with an upper box and a lower box over the transport cylinder 91 , so that the two molding boxes can be placed in the shape line "X" as soon as the transport cylinder 91 has moved back after a molding box transport 13 has been carried out.
- the additional translation device 70 works so far that it runs empty over the double brake unit 92 so that it can accommodate the two molded boxes ( upper box and lower box ) as soon as the double brake unit 92 has been pushed back into its end position during the molded box transport 13 .
- the special feature of the mold box transport 13 is that the double brake unit 92 consists of the two brake cylinders 92a and 92b , which are connected to one another on their piston rods via the connecting piece 92c .
- Each of the two brake cylinders has the stroke of a mold box division.
- the transport cylinder 91 has a stroke of two mold box divisions.
- the molding box is transported through the entire molding line in two sections. Starting from FIG. 7 a , the molded boxes are in front of the retracted transport cylinder 91 and the double brake unit 92 is extended. After the molding machine cycle and the opening of the centering 30 (FIGS.
- the transport cylinder 91 shifts the mold boxes by one division, the brake cylinder 92 a being inserted and fixing the exact mold box division of the first transport section by its mechanical stroke limitation. This position corresponds to Fig.7b .
- the mold box centers 30 retract again and center the mold boxes.
- the transport cylinder 91 was braked smoothly in combination with the brake cylinder 92a and then pulled back a few millimeters in order to allow the mold boxes to be centered unhindered. After centering, the transport cylinder 91 is moved against the molding box again with very little force, so that it does not have to go through a dead stroke during the next half of the transport. The application force is so low that the mold box centering 30 is not impaired.
- the transport cylinder 91 displaces the mold boxes by the next division, the other brake cylinder 92b being inserted, which also fixes the exact mold box division of the second transport section by its mechanical stroke limitation.
- the transport cylinder 91 was braked smoothly in combination with the brake cylinder 92b . This position then corresponds to Fig.7c .
- the mold box centers 30 retract again and center the mold boxes.
- the transport cylinder 91 moves back and then two new mold boxes are deposited by the separating translating device 69 in the form line “X” .
- the molding boxes are lifted out of the shaping line "X” by the additional translation device 70 , after which the double braking unit 92 extends again.
- the molding system is back in the basic position and the next double cycle can begin.
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Abstract
Description
- Fig.1
- einen Längsschnitt durch die Formmschine mit einer
von rechts nach links dargestellten Durchlaufrichtung
der Formkästen.
- mit Station "A" zum Auflegen des Füllrahmens auf den Formkasten
- mit Station "B" zum Sandeinfüllen in den Formkasten
- mit Station "C" zum Verdichten und Entformen
- mit Station "D" zum Abnehmen des Füllrahmens vom Formkasten
- Fig.2
- einen Querschnitt durch die Sandeinfüllstation gemäß Schnittlinie B-B in Fig.1
- Fig.3
- einen Querschnitt durch die Verdichtungsstation gemäß Schnittlinie C-C in Fig.1
- Fig.4
- einen Querschnitt durch die Füllrahmenumsetz-Stationen
und durch die Modellwechselstation.
- als Füllrahmenauflegestation gemäß Schnittlinie A-A in Fig.1
- als Füllrahmenabhebestation gemäß Schnittlinie D-D in Fig.1
- die beiden Stationen weisen eine identische Darstellung auf, wobei jedoch gemäß Schnittlinie A-A die Verdichtungseinheit (11) und die Rollenbahnen (26 und 86) nicht sichtbar wären.
- Fig.5
- eine Draufsicht auf den Füllrahmenumlauf gemäß Schnittlinie E-E in Fig.1
- Fig.6
- eine Draufsicht auf den Modellplattenumlauf gemäß Schnittlinie F-F in Fig.1
- Fig.7
- einen Ausschnitt aus einer Formanlage mit einem Beispiel, wie die erfindungsgemäße Formmaschine in eine Formanlage integriert werden kann, dargestellt in drei Schritten.
- Fig.7a
- Grundstellung der Formanlage vor Beginn des Formkastentransportes in der Achse "X" mit einem Oberkasten in der Verdichtungsstation
- Fig.7b
- Stellung der Formanlage nach der ersten Hälfte des Formkastentransportes in der Achse "X" mit einem Unterkasten in der Verdichtungsstation.
- Fig.7c
- Stellung der Formanlage nach der zweiten Hälfte des Formkastentransportes in der Achse "X" mit einem Oberkasten in der Verdichtungsstation. Danach folgt wieder die Grundstellung.
- Fig.8
- einen Längsschnitt durch die Formmaschine mit einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante für den Quertransport der Füllrahmen.
Claims (30)
- Formmaschine zur Herstellung kastengebundener Sandformen unter Verwendung eines Füllrahmenpaares und eines aus Oberkasten- und Unterkastenmodell bestehenden Modellplattenpaares, wobei in einer ersten Arbeitsstation das Zusammenfügen der Formeinheit und das Sandeinfüllen in die Formeinheit erfolgt und zeitgleich dazu in einer zweiten Arbeitsstation das Verdichten und Entformen durchgeführt wird, wobei die beiden Arbeitsstationen innerhalb einer Formlinie geradlinig hintereinander angeordnet sind und wobei zwischen den beiden Arbeitsstationen auf einer oberen Ebene eine geradlinige Füllrahmenrückführung und auf einer unteren Ebene eine geradlinige Modellplattenrückführung angeordnet ist, an der zu beiden Seiten zwei verfahrbare Shuttle-Rollenbahnen anschließen, die den Modellplattenwechsel zwischen der Formmaschine und einer außen liegenden Modellplattenrollenbahn durchführen, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß die einzelnen Arbeitsschritte der Formmaschine in vier geradlinig hintereinander angeordneten Stationen zeitgleich durchgeführt werden, wobei in der ersten Station "A" der Füllrahmen auf den Formkasten aufgelegt wird, in der zweiten Station "B" die Formeinheit zeitgedehnt und unter Einwirkung eines Luftstromes mit Formsand gefüllt wird, in der dritten Station "C" das Verdichten erfolgt und in der vierten Station "D" der Füllrahmen vom Formkasten abgehoben wird,daß die Modellplatte wahlweise in der Station "A" oder in der Station "B" unter den Formkasten gehoben werden kann,daß das Entformen und das anschließende Absenken der Modellplatte wahlweise in der Station "C" oder in der Station "D" erfolgen kann,daß durch diese Aufteilung der Arbeitsschritte ein zeitgedehntes Einfüllen des Formsandes in die Formeinheit ermöglicht wird,daß der Rücktransport der Füllrahmen von der Station "D" zur Station "A" über die Quertransportwagen 72D/78D, über die an der Formmaschinenrückseite angeordnete Rollenbahn 71 und über die Quertransportwagen 72A/78A erfolgt.und daß für den Füllrahmenumlauf vier bis sechs gleiche Füllrahmen, insbesondere fünf gleiche Füllrahmen 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d und 5e (Fig.5) verwendet werden.
- Formmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß die vier Stationen "A", "B", "C" und "D" in einem aus dem Grundrahmen 7, den Säulenpaaren 8 und 9 und dem Kopfrahmen 6 bzw. 6a bestehenden Maschinengerüst und im Bereich der im Maschinengerüst integrierten Formkstenrollenbahn 12 angeordnet sind,daß das Teilungsmaß zwischen den einzelnen Stationen dem Teilungsmaß der Formkästen entspricht und die einzelnen Stationen jeweils zentrisch zur Formkastenmitte angeordnet sindund daß die vier Stationen "A", "B", "C" und "D" im Takt des Formkastentransportes 13 durchfahren werden.
- Formmaschine nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß die Quertransportwagen 72A/D bzw. 78A/D, die Verdichtungsstation 10/11 und der vertikal bewegbare Sandfülltrichter 22 im Kopfrahmen 6 bzw. 6a integriert sindund daß die Unterkante des angehobenen Sandfülltrichters 22 und die Unterkante des Rahmens 10a der Verdichtungsstation das gleiche Höhenniveau 23 haben.
- Foramaschine nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß das Freimaß 23a zwischen dem Höhenniveau 23 und der Oberkante des Füllrahmens 5 3mm bis 50mm, insbesondere aber 15mm beträgt, wenn der Formkasten 4 mit dem Füllrahmen 5 auf den Laufrollen der Formkastenrollenbahn 12 aufliegt,daß das Freimaß 23b/23c zwischen dem Höhenniveau 23 und der Oberkante des Füllrahmens 5 3mm bis 40mm, insbesondere aber 10mm beträgt, wenn die Modellplatte mit dem Formkasten 4 und dem Füllrahmen 5 auf den Laufrollen der Modellplattenrollenbahn 19/27 aufliegt,daß das Freimaß 20 zwischen der Formkastenlaufleiste und den Laufrollen der Formkastenrollenbahn 12 3mm bis 10mm, insbesondere aber 5mm beträgt, wenn die Modellplatte mit dem Formkasten 4 und dem Füllrahmen 5 auf den Laufrollen der Modellplattenrollenbahn 19/27 aufliegtund daß die vertikalen Bewegungen der Formkästen 4b/4c nur im Bereich des Freimaßes 23a erfolgen und die Formkästen dabei nicht aus dem Zentrier- bzw. Überdeckungsbereich ihrer Stoßbolzen 14 heraus bewegt werden.
- Formmaschine nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß die Formkästen 4a/4d in den Stationen "A" und "D" durch die Arretierkolben 30 horizontal in Achsnichtung "X" arretiert werden,daß die Formkästen 4b/4c in den Stationen "B" und "C" durch die arretierten Formkästen 4a/4d mit dem üblichen Spiel zentriert sind,daß die horizontal in Achsrichtung "X" arretierten Formkästen 4a/4d in vertikaler Richtung durch die Verwendung von Flachloch-Zentrierbüchsen in den Formkästen frei sindund daß die Formkastenarretierung 30 außermittig annähernd in dem Bereich des Formkastens angebracht wird, in dem die vom seitlichen Verdichtungsdruck entstehenden Momentenflächen ihre Vorzeichen wechseln, womit eine Schwächung des Formkastenprofils durch die Arretierbüchsen verhindert wird und womit auch die mittige Anordnung der Hubzylinder 17a und 29a ermöglicht wird.
- Formmaschine nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß die vier Laufrollen 65 auf radial verstellbaren Exzenterbolzen 65a gelagert sind, wobei die Laufrollen 65 in der untersten Exzenterstellung niveaugleich mit den Laufrollen der Formkastenrollenbahn 12 sind und in der um das Maß 66 nach oben geschwenkten Exzenterstellung einzeln gegen die Laufleiste des in die Verdichtungsposition gehobenen Formkastens 4c gedrückt werdenund daß das Maß 66 3mm bis 50mm, insbesondere aber 15mm beträgt.
- Formmaschine nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß das Entformen ohne vorangehenden Leerhub unmittelbar nach der Verdichtung und der Anpreßkraftentspannung durch die an der Formkastenlaufleiste schlüssig und distanzfrei anliegenden Laufrollen 65 im Feingang beginnt,daß das Entformen aus der Lage beginnt, die das Modell und der Formkasten bei der Verdichtung eingenommen hatte.und daß der Formkasten 4c nach der vollständigen Trennung von Modell und Form und während der restlichen Eilgangabsenkung des Modells durch synchrones Absenken der Exzenterbolzen 65a mit einem sinusförmigen Geschwindigkeitsverlauf stoßfrei auf die Rollenbahn 12 abgesetzt wird.
- Formmaschine nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß die vier Laufrollen 65 durch eine justierbare Schwenkbegrenzung der einzelnen Exzenterbolzen 65a in eine planparallele Distanz von 2mm bis 6mm, insbesondere aber 3mm zur Laufleiste des in der Verdichtungsposition befindlichen Formkastens 4c gebracht werdenund daß nach dem Verdichtungsvorgang diese Distanz im Feingang durchfahren wird, bevor der Formkasten zum Entformen auf den vier Laufrollen 65 aufsetzt.
- Formmaschine nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß die Modellplattenrollenbahnen 19 und 27 horizontal verschiebbar oder schwenkbar ausgeführt sind, um die vertikale Hubbewegung der Modellplatte in den Stationen "B" und "C" bis zum Niveaubereich 34 zu ermöglichen.und daß die Laufleiste der Modellplatte um das Maß 35 hochgezogen ist, um die freie Einsicht- und Zugangsdistanz 36 zu ermöglichen.
- Füllrahmenumsetzvorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß im Kopfrahmen 6 die in den Laufschienen 99A und 99D laufenden und geführten Quertransportwagen 72A und 72D angeordnet sind, die zur Aufnahme des Füllrahmens die zylinderbetätigten Greifer 73A bzw. 73D und die Arretiernocken 98A bzw. 98D aufweisen und womit die Füllrahmen in der Station "A" von der Füllrahmenrücklaufbahn Achse "Y" zur Formlinie Achse "X" und in der Station "D" von der Formlinie Achse "X" zur Füllrahmenrücklaufbahn Achse "Y" übergesetzt werdenund daß die Quertransportwagen 72A bwz.72D einen mitfahrenden Achsantrieb oder einen stationären Antrieb in Form eines Kettenzug- Seilzug- oder Zylinderantriebes aufweisen.
- Füllrahmenumsetzvorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3, 5 und 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß an der Formkastenrollenbahn 12 der Station "A" die Hubvorrichtung 17 angeordnet ist, die im angehobenen Zustand mit den Aufnahmeplatten 17c den Füllrahmen 5a vom Quertransportwagen 72A übernimmt und ihn nach dem Öffnen der Greifer 73A und mit dem Absenken der Hubvorrichtung 17 auf den Formkasten 4a ablegtund daß an der Formkastenrollenbahn 12 der Station "D" die Hubvorrichtung 29 angeordnet ist, die mit den Aufnahmeplatten 29c den Füllrahmen 5d vom Formkasten 4d abhebt und der abgehobene Füllrahmen 5d vom Quertransportwagen 72D durch Schließen der Greifer 73D und durch anschließendes Absenken der Hubvorrichtung 29 übernommen wird.
- Füllrahmenumsetzvorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3, 5, 10 und 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß in der Position "YA" der Füllrahmenrücklaufbahn 71 die Hubvorrichtung 74A angeordnet ist, die den Füllrahmen von der Füllrahmenrücklaufbahn 71 abhebt und der angehobene Füllrahmen vom Quertransportwagen 72A durch Schließen der Greifer 73A und durch anschließendes Absenken der Hubvorrichtung 74A übernommen wirdund daß in der Position "YD" der Füllrahmenrücklaufbahn 71 die Hubvorrichtung 74D angeordnet ist, die im angehobenen Zustand den Füllrahmen vom Quertransportwagen 72D übernimmt und ihn nach dem Öffnen der Greifer 73D und mit dem Absenken der Hubvorrichtung 74D auf die Füllrahmenrücklaufbahn 71 ablegt.
- Füllrahmenumsetzvorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3, 5 und 10 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß in der Achse "Y" hinter der Formmaschine eine Füllrahmenrücklaufbahn 71 angeordnet ist, über welche die Füllrahmen von der Station "YD" über die Zwischenstation "YB" zur Endstation "YA" transportiert werdenund daß die Füllrahmenrücklaufbahn 71 als angetriebene Rollenbahn mit mindestens zwei Antriebsabschnitten YD-YB und YB-YA oder als Gefällerollenbahn mit einer Stopp-Freigabevorrichtung in in der Station YB ausgeführt sein kann.
- Füllrahmenumsetzvorrichtung als altertnative Ausführungsform nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß die Quertransportwagen 78A und 78D eine Konsolbauweise aufweisen und über die Prismenrollen 79A/79D oder über Laufund Stützrollen an der am Kopfrahmen 6a angebauten Traverse 80A/80D laufen und geführt werden,daß die Quertransportwagen 78A/78D einen mitfahrenden Rollenantrieb oder einen stationären Kettenzug- Seilzug- oder Zylinderantrieb aufweisenund daß die Quertransportwagen 78A und 78D eine Hubvorrichtung 83A/83D mit den Arretiernocken 98A/98D, den Greifern 73A/73D, den Führungsstangen 82A/82D und den Zylindern 81A/81D aufweisen.
- Füllrahmenübersetzvorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3, 5 und 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß die Hubvorrichtung 83A mit den Greifern 73A den Füllrahmen in der Station "YA" aus der Füllrahmenrücklaufbahn 71 heraushebt und nach dem Übersetzen zur Station "A" der Achse "X" auf den Formkasten 4a ablegt und nach dem leeren Anheben wieder zur Achse "Y" zurück fährtund daß die Hubvorrichtung 83D mit den Greifern 73D den Füllrahmen in der Station "D" der Achse "X" vom Formkasten 4d abhebt und nach dem übersetzen zur Station "YD" auf die Füllrahmenrücklaufbahn 71 ablegt und nach dem leeren Anheben wieder zur Achse "X" zurück fährt.
- Füllrahmen nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3, 5 und 10 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß der Füllrahmen eine umlaufende Leiste 97 zur Profilverstärkung aufweist, die an den Längsseiten als Laufleiste für Füllrahmenrücklaufbahn 71 und als Greifleiste für die Greifer 73A/73D verwendet wird,daß der Füllrahmen die Zentrierelemente 76 zu seiner Zentrierung auf dem Formkasten aufweistund daß der Füllrahmen an seiner Oberseite die An- und Ablaufschrägen 77c zum Auf- und Abgleiten der Reinigungsleiste 77b aufweist.
- Formmaschine nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß die Formmaschine mit einem, aus Oberkasten- und Unterkastenmodell bestehenden Modellplattenpaar betrieben wird, wobei der Formablauf der Modellplatten auf den Rollenbahnen 19 und 27 von Station "B" nach Station "C" und der Rücklauf der Modellplatten auf der Rollenbahn 26 von Station "C" nach Station "B" erfolgt,daß bei einem Modellplattenwechsel zusammen mit dem Formkastentransport 13 eine einzuwechselnde Modellplatte von der Station "A" über die Rollenbahn des Hubtisches 28A bzw.93A und über die Rollenbahn 26 zur Station "B" in die Formmaschine eingeschleust wird und eine auszuwechselnde Modellplatte von der Station "C" über die Rollenbahn 26 und über die Rollenbahn des Hubtisches 28D bzw.93D zur Station "D" aus der Formmaschine ausgeschleust wird,daß die Formmaschine mit zwei oder drei jeweils aus Oberkasten- und Unterkastenmodell bestehenden Modellplattenpaaren betrieben wird, wobei der Formablauf der Modellplatten über die Stationen "A"-"B"-"C"-"D" der Achse "X" und der Rücklauf der Modellplatten über die Stationen "E"-"F"-"G"-"H" der Achse "Z" erfolgt,daß beim Betrieb mit zwei oder drei Modellplattenpaaren während der Durchlauf- und Verweilzeit an den Stationen "F" und "G" der Achse "Z" eine Modellbehandlung wie beispielsweise das Anlegen von Kühleisen oder das Setzen von exothermen Speisern durchgeführt werden kann,und daß die Verweilzeit zur Modellbehandlung an den Stationen "F" und "G" der Achse "Z" durch einen kombinierten Rhythmusbetrieb verlängert werden kann, indem ein Modellplattenpaar ohne Behandlungsbedarf mit dem Formablauf von Station "B" nach Station "C" über die Rollenbahnen 19 und 27 und mit Modellplattenrücklauf von Station "C" nach Station "B" über die Rollenbahn 26 zweimal oder mehrmals nacheinander abgeformt wird und danach das zweite oder das zweite und dritte Modellplattenpaar jeweils zu einem einmaligen Formvorgang durch die Formmaschine gefahren wird und wonach die Rhythmusfolge der Losgröße entsprechend wiederholt wird.
- Formmaschine nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 9 und 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß der Modellplattenumlauf die mit angetriebenen Rollenbahnen versehenen Hubtische 28A/28D oder 93A/93D und 84A/84D sowie die angetriebenen Rollenbahnen 26, 85A, 85D und 86 aufweistund daß die Hubtische 93A und 93D eine Doppelfunktion aufweisen, womit die Modellplatten auf das Niveau der Modellplattenrollenbahn 26 oder auf das Niveau der Modellplattenrollenbahnen 19 und 27 angehoben werden können.
- Formmaschine nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 9 und 17 und 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß der Hubtisch 93A die Modellplatte beim Modellwechsel oder beim Modellplattenumlauf mit zwei oder drei Modellplattenpaaren zum entsprechenden Zeitpunkt um das Maß 94 anhebt und die Modellplatte dann auf der Rollenbahn 26 zusammen mit dem Formkastentransport 13 von der Station "A" zur Station "B" fährt und dort vom Hubtisch 21 unter den Formkasten 4b mit aufliegendem Füllrahmen 5b gehoben wird und wonach das Sandeinfüllen in die so zusammengestapelte Formeinheit beginnt, wofür eine Zeit zur Verfügung steht, die annähernd der Gesamttaktzeit abzüglich der Zeit für den Formkastentransport und abzüglich der Zeit für das Anheben der Modellplatte bis zum Niveau 34 entspricht,daß der Hubtisch 93A die Modellplatte beim Modellplattenumlauf mit zwei oder drei Modellplattenpaaren zum entsprechenden Zeitpunkt um das Maß 94+95 anhebt, wobei die Modellplatte in der Station "A" unter den Formkasten 4a mit aufliegendem Füllrahmen 5a gehoben wird und wonach die so zusammengestapelte Formeinheit auf den Rollen des Hubtisches 93A und auf der Rollenbahn 19 zusammen mit dem Formkastentransport 13 von der Station "A" in die Sandfüllstation "B" gefahren wird und wonach das Sandeinfüllen in die Formeinheit beginnt, wofür eine Zeit zur Verfügung steht, die annähernd der Gesamttaktzeit abzüglich der Zeit für den Formkastentransport entsprichtund daß beim Zusammenstapeln der Formeinheit in der Station "A" der Hubtisch 21 nur soweit abgesenkt wird, daß die Modellplatte mit einem nur geringen Abstand über den Hubtisch 21 hinweg transportiert werden kann.
- Formmaschine nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 9 und 17 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß der Hubtisch 93D beim Modellwechsel oder beim Modellplattenumlauf mit zwei oder drei Modellplattenpaaren zum entsprechenden Zeitpunkt um das Maß 94 anhebt, wonach dann die in der Station "C" mit dem Hubtisch 25 auf die Rollenbahn 26 abgesenkte Modellplatte auf den Hubtisch 93D in der Station "D" auffährt und dort vom Hubtisch 93D auf die Rollenbahn 85D abgesetzt wird,daß der Hubtisch 93D beim Modellplattenumlauf mit zwei oder drei Modellplattenpaaren zum entsprechenden Zeitpunkt um das Maß 94+95 anhebt, wonach dann die in der Station "C" mit dem Hubtisch 25 auf die Rollenbahn 27 abgesenkte Modellplatte mit aufliegendem Formkasten, Füllrahmen und verdichteter Form zusammen mit dem Formkastentransport 13 auf den Hubtisch 93D auffährt und dort das Entformen mit dem Hubtisch 93D erfolgt und wonach die Modellplatte auf die Rollenbahn 85D abgesetzt wird,daß das Entformen mit dem Hubtisch 93D in der Station "D" eine verlängerte Zeit für das Verdichten in der Station "C" ermöglicht, wobei diese Zeit annähernd der Gesamttaktzeit abzüglich der Formkastentransportzeit entsprichtund daß beim Entformen in der Station "D" der Hubtisch 25 nur soweit abgesenkt wird, daß die Modellplatte mit einem nur geringen Abstand über den Hubtisch 25 hinweg transportiert werden kann.
- Formmaschine nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 9 und 17 bis 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß die Hubtische 93A und 93D für die Hubbewegung je einen Tandemzylinder 100 mit den zwei Hubabschnitten 94 und 95 aufweisen,daß der untere Apendixkolben 101 mit dem mechanisch begrenzten Hubmaß 94 die Laufrollen des Hubtisches 93A/93D maßgenau auf das Niveau der Rollenbahn 26 anhebt,daß der obere Hauptkolben des Tandemzylinders 100 den Hubtisch 93A/93D mit dem Hubmaß 94+95 anhebt und ihn durch eine geringe Hubreserve fest gegen die Anschläge 96 drückt, wodurch die Laufrollen des Hubtisches 93A/93D maßgenau das Niveau der Rollenbahn 19 bzw.27 einnehmen und wodurch der weit nach oben angehobene Hubtisch für den Transport der Formeinheit fixiert ist.und daß die Betriebsvarianten der Hubtische 93A und 93D über das Steuerprogramm angewählt und abgerufen werden.
- Formmaschine nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 21, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß die Formkastenrollenbahn 12, die Modellplattenrollenbahn 19/27 und 26/86, die Rollenbahnen der Hubtische 84A/D und 93A/D bzw. 28A/D und die Füllrahmenrücklaufbahn 71 die gleichen Spurweiten 102 aufweisen,oder daß die Formkastenrollenbahn 12, die Modellplattenrollenbahnen 19/27 und 26 und die Füllrahmenrollenbahn 71 die Spurweiten 102 aufweisen und die Rollenbahnen der Hubtische 84A/D und 93A/D bzw. 28A/D sowie die Modellplattenrollenbahn 86 eine andere Spurweite 103 für die Modellplattenlaufleiste 103a aufweisen, wodurch der Tothub der Hubtische 84A/D und 93A/D bzw. 28A/D reduziert werden kannund daß die Modellplatte die Laufleiste 102a aufweist, die um das Maß 35 hochgezogen ist, um die freie Einsicht- und Zugangsmöglichkeit 36 zu ermöglichen.
- Formmaschine nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 9 und 17 bis 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß die modellspezifischen Parameter wie beispielsweise Formsandmenge, Einstellungen zum Sandeinfüllvorgang, Verdichtungsart, Verdichtungsdruck, Verdichtungszeit, Gießtrichterposition, Eingußgewicht usw. für jedes einzelne Modellplattenpaar mit Oberkasten- und Unterkastenkennung in einem Datensatz abgelegt werden,daß der Datensatz der Modell-Identnummer fest zugeordnet wird und während des Betriebes zwecks Optimierung online veränderbar ist,daß die Modell-Identnummer in kodierter Form als Kodierleiste an der Modellplatte angebracht istund daß die Modell-Identnummer beim Einfahren in die Formmaschine über die Kodierleiste automatisch ausgelesen wird und der zugeordnete Datensatz bzw. die modellspezifischen Parameter somit für den Formvorgang insbesondere beim ständigen Wechselbetrieb mit zwei oder drei Modellplattenpaaren schnell zur Verfügung stehen.
- Formkastentransportvorrichtung für die Formmaschine nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 23 und der davon ausgelösten schnellen Taktfolge, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß der Formkastentransport in der Formlinie "X" entsprechend Fig. 7a, 7b und 7c nach jeweiliger Taktvorgabe durch die Formmaschine in zwei Hubabschnitten durchgeführt wird, wobei der Schubzylinder 91 nach einem Formmaschinentakt die Formkästen im ersten Hubabschnitt gegen den Bremszylinder 92a und nach einem weiteren Formmaschinentakt in einem zweiten Hubabschnitt gegen den Bremszylinder 92b um jeweils eine Formkastenteilung verschiebt und wobei die Bremszylinder 92a und 92b durch ihre mechanische Hubbegrenzung jeweils das genaue Hubmaß vorgeben,daß der Schubzylinder 91 eine Hublänge von zwei Formkastenteilungen zuzüglich einer geringen Hubreserve aufweist und nach Durchführung des ersten Hubabschnittes geringfügig zurückgezogen wird, um ein ungehindertes Einfahren der Formkastenarretierungen 30 zu ermöglichen und wonach der Schubzylinder 91 nach dem Arretieren wieder mit einer geringen Kraft gegen den Formkasten gefahren wird und dort anstehen bleibt, so daß er zu Beginn des zweiten Hubabschnittes keinen Tothub durchfahren muß und daß der Schubzylinder 91 nach Durchführung des zweiten Hubabschnittes wieder in seine Ausgangsstellung zurückfährt,und daß die Doppelbremseinheit 92 aus den beiden Bremszylindern 92a und 92b besteht, die beide die Hublänge einer Formkastenteilung aufweisen und die an ihren Kolbenstangen über das Verbindungsstück 92c miteinander verbunden sind.
- Formkastentransportvorrichtung nach Anspruch 24, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß das Doppelübersetzgerät 69 in einem Arbeitsgang einen Oberkasten und einen Unterkasten in den beiden Teilungen vor dem Schubzylinder 91 ablegt,daß das Doppelübersetzgerät 70 in einem Arbeitsgang einen Oberkasten und einen Unterkasten aus den beiden Teilungen vor der Bremseinheit 92 heraushebt,daß das Doppelübersetzgerät 69 unabhängig von den Arbeitsabläufen in der Formlinie "X" arbeitet und zum Ablegen eines Ober- und Unterkastens in die Formlinie bereit steht, sobald der Schubzylinder 91 nach einem durchgeführten Formkastentransport zurückgefahren ist,und daß das Doppelübersetzgerät 70 unabhängig von den Arbeitsabläufen in der Formlinie "X" arbeitet und zum Herausheben eines Ober- und Unterkastens aus der Formlinie bereit steht, sobald die Doppelbremseinheit 92 beim Formkastentransport vollständig zurückgeschoben wurde.
- Verfahren zum Einfüllen von Formsand in eine aus Modellplatte, Formkasten und Füllrahmen bestehende Formeinheit, wobei die Modellplatte mit Entlüftungsdüsen versehen ist und der Formsand von einem Transportband aus einem Vorratsbunker abgezogen und in die Formeinheit gefördert wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß der Formsand zeitgedehnt in die Formeinheit eingefüllt wird, wobei die Zeitbemessung für den vollständigen Einfüllvorgang 0,08 bis 0,25 Sekunden pro Zentimeter Füllhöhe, insbesondere aber 0,15 Sekunden pro Zentimeter Füllhöhe beträgt,daß die Formsandzufuhr durch eine lineare oder progressive Geschwindigkeitszunahme des Transportbandes 58 und/oder durch eine lineare oder progressive Verstellung der Schichthöhe 63 während der Einfüllzeit entsprechend gesteigert wird, wodurch das anfängliche Befüllen der Modellkonturen besonders feinfühlig erfolgt,daß der vom Transportband 58 und über den Trichter 60 geförderte Formsandstrang 61 annähernd die gleiche Breite des Formkasteninnenmaßes aufweist und über ein Verstellbares Verteilerelement 62 auf einen mehrstufigen, insbesondere aber dreistufigen Aeratorensatz 39 geleitet wird, der den Formsand auflockert und ihn in Längsrichtung der Formeinheit verteilt, wobei der Aeratorsatz 39 in einem geschlossenen Sandleittrichter 22 angeordnet ist, der während des Füllvorganges sanddicht auf dem Füllrahmen 4b aufsitztund daß während des Sandeinfüllens ein Luftstrom von der Unterdruckquelle 51 über die Modellplattendüsen 52 angesaugt wird, der über ein Sieb 57 frei in den Sandleittrichter 22 und in die Formeinheit einfließen kann und der zusammen mit dem feindosiert einfallenden Formsand eine homogene Befüllung der Modellpartien bewirkt.
- Formsandeinfüllvorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß Anspruch 26 und nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß der Sandleittrichter 22 über die Zapfen 46 an dem Hebelsystem 43a/43b/43c/43d aufgehängt ist und vom Hebelsystem 43a/43b/43c/43d und den Bolzen 47 geführt wird,daß der Sandleittrichter 22 über das Hebelsystem 43a/43b/43c/43d vom Zylinder 44 vertikal bewegt wird und dabei in seiner unteren Lage fest auf den Füllrahmen 4b gedrückt wird und in seiner oberen Lage fest gegen die Anschläge 48 gezogen wird und dabei mit seiner Unterkante das Höhenniveau 23 einnimmt,daß die vertikale Hubbewegung des Sandleittrichters 22 dem Freimaß 23a entspricht und maximal 50mm, insbesondere aber 15mm beträgt,daß der Sandleittrichter 22 im oberen Bereich mit den Siebblechen 57 verschlossen ist, wodurch der über die Modellplattendüsen 52 eingesaugte Luftstrom frei eintreten kann und wodurch ein Herausspritzen von Formsand verhindert wird,daß die Innenabmessung des Sandleittrichters 22 um das Maß 37 mit 5 bis 10mm kleiner ist als die Innenabmessung des Füllrahmens und des Formkastens,daß die Innenwände des Sandleittrichters 22 mit Teflon ausgekleidet sind, um ein Anbacken von Formsand zu vermeidenund daß der Sandleittrichter 22 das schwerkraftbetätigte Hebelsystem 77 mit der Einstellschraube 77a und der Reinigungsleiste 77b aufweist, die beim Formkastentransport über die Schrägen 77c auf den Füllrahmen 4b auf- und abgleitet und dessen Oberfläche während des Formkastentransportes reinigt.
- Formsandeinfüllvorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 26 und 27, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß die Aeratoren 39 mit den in Fig.1 dargestellten Drehrichtungen laufen, wobei die oberen vier Aeratoren den zentrisch über den Trichter 60 und über das verstellbare Verteilerelement 62 einfallenden Formsand teilweise auf die beiden Außenseiten schleudert und die unteren Aeratorenreihen eine vergleichmäßigende Verteilung und Auflockerung des Formsandes bewirken,daß die Drehzahl der Aeratoren 39 stufenlos auf die optimale Verteiler- und Auflockerungswirkung einstellbar ist,daß die Aeratorenachsen in den außerhalb des Sandleittrichters 22 angebauten Lagerschilden 40 gelagert sindund daß die Lagerschilde 40 die mit gegensätzlicher Drehrichtung laufenden Antriebselemente 41 und 42 aufweisen.
- Formsandeinfüllvorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 26 bis 28, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß der Luftstrom von der Unterdruckquelle 51 erzeugt wird und über die flexiblen Leitungen 50, über die Hohlräume der Führungsstangen 49, über den Hubtisch 21 mit den Bohrungen 55, über den Modellplattenhohlraum 53 mit den Bohrungen 54 und schließlich über die Modellplattendüsen 52 aus der Formeinheit und dem darauf aufgesetzten Sandleittrichter 22 angesaugt wird, wobei der Luftstrom über die Siebbleche 57 frei in den Sandleittrichter 22 eintreten kann.
- Formsandfülleinrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 26 bis 29, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß die von der Formmaschine zur Verfügung gestellte Sandeinfüllzeit als fixe Größe voll genutzt wird und die vom Modell abhängige individuelle Formsandmenge durch die Beschleunigung und Födergeschwindigkeit des Transportbandes 58 und/oder durch die über einen Schieber automatisch einstellbare Schichthöhe 63 erzielt wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19848049 | 1998-10-19 | ||
DE19848049A DE19848049A1 (de) | 1998-10-19 | 1998-10-19 | Gießerei-Formmaschine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0995521A1 true EP0995521A1 (de) | 2000-04-26 |
EP0995521B1 EP0995521B1 (de) | 2005-01-12 |
Family
ID=7884890
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99120305A Expired - Lifetime EP0995521B1 (de) | 1998-10-19 | 1999-10-12 | Giesserei-Formmaschine, Verfahren sowie Verwendung der Formmaschine zur Herstellung kastengebundener Sandformen |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0995521B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE286790T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19848049A1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK0995521T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2237013T3 (de) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1149646A1 (de) * | 1999-11-04 | 2001-10-31 | Sintokogio, Ltd. | Formvorrichtung und -verfahren für sandformen |
EP1477251A2 (de) * | 2003-05-14 | 2004-11-17 | Josef Mertes | Verfahren und Formmaschine zur Herstellung kastengebundener Sandformen |
WO2008099521A1 (en) * | 2007-02-17 | 2008-08-21 | Sintokogio, Ltd. | Method and device for producing tight-flask molds |
EP2803426A1 (de) * | 2013-05-16 | 2014-11-19 | Kuenkel-Wagner Prozesstechnologie GmbH | Verfahren zum Verdichten von Formsand zum Herstellen einer Sandform |
CN108582623A (zh) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-09-28 | 湖南众钧科技有限公司 | 一种橡胶成型生产线及其生产方法 |
CN108907117A (zh) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-11-30 | 苏州苏铸成套装备制造有限公司 | 一种经济型单工位静压造型机 |
CN116786803A (zh) * | 2023-08-28 | 2023-09-22 | 河北蒙电电气科技有限公司 | 一种用于铁构件的制作加工工装 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3803648A1 (de) * | 1988-02-06 | 1989-08-17 | Wagner Heinrich Sinto Masch | Formmaschine |
DE3908203A1 (de) * | 1989-03-14 | 1990-09-20 | Badische Maschf Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von giesserei-formen |
DE4305128A1 (de) * | 1993-02-19 | 1994-08-25 | Wagner Heinrich Sinto Masch | Formmaschine |
WO1995031302A1 (de) * | 1994-05-18 | 1995-11-23 | Künkel-Wagner Prozesstechnologie GmbH | Paarweises füllen und abformen von sandformen |
-
1998
- 1998-10-19 DE DE19848049A patent/DE19848049A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-10-12 EP EP99120305A patent/EP0995521B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-10-12 ES ES99120305T patent/ES2237013T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-10-12 DK DK99120305T patent/DK0995521T3/da active
- 1999-10-12 DE DE59911432T patent/DE59911432D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-10-12 AT AT99120305T patent/ATE286790T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3803648A1 (de) * | 1988-02-06 | 1989-08-17 | Wagner Heinrich Sinto Masch | Formmaschine |
DE3908203A1 (de) * | 1989-03-14 | 1990-09-20 | Badische Maschf Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von giesserei-formen |
DE4305128A1 (de) * | 1993-02-19 | 1994-08-25 | Wagner Heinrich Sinto Masch | Formmaschine |
WO1995031302A1 (de) * | 1994-05-18 | 1995-11-23 | Künkel-Wagner Prozesstechnologie GmbH | Paarweises füllen und abformen von sandformen |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1149646A1 (de) * | 1999-11-04 | 2001-10-31 | Sintokogio, Ltd. | Formvorrichtung und -verfahren für sandformen |
EP1149646A4 (de) * | 1999-11-04 | 2004-09-15 | Sintokogio Ltd | Formvorrichtung und -verfahren für sandformen |
EP1477251A2 (de) * | 2003-05-14 | 2004-11-17 | Josef Mertes | Verfahren und Formmaschine zur Herstellung kastengebundener Sandformen |
EP1477251A3 (de) * | 2003-05-14 | 2005-04-06 | Josef Mertes | Verfahren und Formmaschine zur Herstellung kastengebundener Sandformen |
WO2008099521A1 (en) * | 2007-02-17 | 2008-08-21 | Sintokogio, Ltd. | Method and device for producing tight-flask molds |
EP1964626A1 (de) * | 2007-02-17 | 2008-09-03 | Sintokogio, Ltd. | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Formen für dichte Behälter |
EP2803426A1 (de) * | 2013-05-16 | 2014-11-19 | Kuenkel-Wagner Prozesstechnologie GmbH | Verfahren zum Verdichten von Formsand zum Herstellen einer Sandform |
CN108582623A (zh) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-09-28 | 湖南众钧科技有限公司 | 一种橡胶成型生产线及其生产方法 |
CN108582623B (zh) * | 2018-05-08 | 2024-04-23 | 湖南众钧科技有限公司 | 一种橡胶成型生产线及其生产方法 |
CN108907117A (zh) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-11-30 | 苏州苏铸成套装备制造有限公司 | 一种经济型单工位静压造型机 |
CN116786803A (zh) * | 2023-08-28 | 2023-09-22 | 河北蒙电电气科技有限公司 | 一种用于铁构件的制作加工工装 |
CN116786803B (zh) * | 2023-08-28 | 2023-10-24 | 河北蒙电电气科技有限公司 | 一种用于铁构件的制作加工工装 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59911432D1 (de) | 2005-02-17 |
ES2237013T3 (es) | 2005-07-16 |
DE19848049A1 (de) | 2000-04-20 |
ATE286790T1 (de) | 2005-01-15 |
DK0995521T3 (da) | 2005-05-23 |
EP0995521B1 (de) | 2005-01-12 |
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