EP0989787A2 - Procédé et circuit de commande de l' intensité lumineuse et du comportement de lampes à décharge - Google Patents

Procédé et circuit de commande de l' intensité lumineuse et du comportement de lampes à décharge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0989787A2
EP0989787A2 EP99126075A EP99126075A EP0989787A2 EP 0989787 A2 EP0989787 A2 EP 0989787A2 EP 99126075 A EP99126075 A EP 99126075A EP 99126075 A EP99126075 A EP 99126075A EP 0989787 A2 EP0989787 A2 EP 0989787A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
brightness
circuit
lamp
control
voltage
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Ceased
Application number
EP99126075A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0989787A3 (fr
Inventor
Siegfried Luger
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Tridonicatco GmbH and Co KG
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Tridonic Bauelemente GmbH
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Publication of EP0989787A3 publication Critical patent/EP0989787A3/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/39—Controlling the intensity of light continuously
    • H05B41/392—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor
    • H05B41/3921—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations
    • H05B41/3922—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations and measurement of the incident light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/282—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices
    • H05B41/2825—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices by means of a bridge converter in the final stage
    • H05B41/2827—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices by means of a bridge converter in the final stage using specially adapted components in the load circuit, e.g. feed-back transformers, piezoelectric transformers; using specially adapted load circuit configurations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps
    • H05B41/298—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2981—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2983—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions against abnormal power supply conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/39—Controlling the intensity of light continuously
    • H05B41/392—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor
    • H05B41/3921—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/39—Controlling the intensity of light continuously
    • H05B41/392—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor
    • H05B41/3921—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations
    • H05B41/3925—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations by frequency variation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • H05B47/175—Controlling the light source by remote control
    • H05B47/18—Controlling the light source by remote control via data-bus transmission

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a circuit arrangement for Control of the brightness and operating behavior of gas discharge lamps.
  • An electronic ballast of modern design are used to control Fluorescent lamps. On the one hand, the fluorescent lamps are gentler operated and on the other hand, the efficiency of such lamp types be raised.
  • An electronic ballast regularly has the following features:
  • a supply voltage which can be a DC or AC voltage, is fed to a rectifier and an intermediate capacitor via a mains input filter. If the device is operated exclusively with DC voltage, the rectifier can also be omitted.
  • a high intermediate circuit voltage U 0 is formed on your intermediate circuit capacitor, which is of the order of magnitude of approximately 300 V with a conventional mains voltage supply of 220 V.
  • An AC voltage generator is connected to the DC link, which is formed by a half-bridge or full-bridge inverter. It outputs a frequency-variable output voltage to an output load circuit which, unless a half-bridge circuit with an artificial voltage means tap is provided, has a series resonance circuit. The discharge path of the gas discharge lamp or fluorescent lamp to be controlled lies in the series with the series resonance circuit.
  • the output frequency of the inverter is approximately 10 kHz to 50 kHz.
  • the efficiency of the connected Fluorescent lamps increased compared to operation on the 50 Hz supply network.
  • An increased level of yield is achieved with the same electrical power consumption.
  • the inverter output side The inductance of the series resonance circuit can be kept small.
  • the variable frequency control a brightness control of the above - on the normal network Difficult to control (dimmable) fluorescent lamp.
  • the frequency control also ignites the fluorescent lamp can be prepared and initiated.
  • the central point of view for the development of a modern ECG is however, the most versatile control option possible, especially one Brightness control. This with regard to the operating behavior and the Brightness control of the fluorescent lamps connected to a respective electronic ballast. The most accurate possible brightness adjustment should be achieved.
  • a ballast described in US-4,523,128 has one for this purpose Control device on the power supply line using the Powerline Carrier Procedure (PLC) digital control commands are supplied.
  • PLC Powerline Carrier Procedure
  • These digital control commands include in particular dimming value commands for regulating the brightness of the lamp. she are decoded in a decoding device and in control signals for control of the inverter, so that the desired lamp brightness is achieved.
  • each dimming value command corresponds to exactly one brightness value, which has the consequence that a control of the lamp brightness is not continuous but in Brightness levels occur.
  • the digital control commands are a predetermined one Length (for example, a length of eight bits) is the number of Dimming value commands and thus the available brightness values are limited.
  • the solution according to the invention enables the control functions and Brightness control is particularly precise and easy to use.
  • About a one Control and regulating device associated interface can control commands and Brightness commands are supplied by the control device depending on the currently applicable process variables (measured variables) of the respective Ballast are executed. Everybody corresponds with a digital one Command signal represented setpoint a brightness value of the lamp.
  • control and regulating device is designed such that the by the digital setpoints dependent brightness levels, i.e. the differences in brightness between two neighboring - each corresponding to a digital setpoint - Brightness values that are incrementally increasing.
  • the Difference in brightness between neighboring brightness values at lower Lamp brightness is lower than with high lamp brightness. This exceeds however, the relative change in lamp brightness when changing from one Brightness value to the next a predetermined limit value.
  • the relative change is when switching between neighboring brightness values even constant, which results in a logarithmic Dimming characteristic results.
  • the control and regulating device allows also a targeted increase in the lifespan of fluorescent lamps and one Granting security interests.
  • the operating behavior and the respective operating condition of the fluorescent lamp supplied by an electronic ballast are controlled and monitored precisely. So warm start, ignition, dimming and Switch-off process (IGNIT; DIMM, OFF, ON) with high precision and lined up gently to protect the lamp. Inadmissible operating conditions is avoided before a respective ignition is used for adequate preheating of the Heating coils.
  • Dimming operation DIMM
  • SLEEP shut down
  • the TOE only takes minimal power, which actually avoids avoidable losses.
  • the mains voltage U N is supplied to the input circuit 20 (rectifier circuit), possibly via a switch S1. This generates the intermediate circuit voltage U 0 , U dc , which is fed to the alternating voltage generator 30 (inverter).
  • the AC voltage generator 30 outputs its high-frequency output voltage U HF to an output load circuit 40 which contains one or more fluorescent lamps LA1, LA2.
  • a plurality of system measured values can be taken from both the AC voltage generator 30 and the load circuit 40. Together, the measured values are fed to a control and regulating circuit 17, which in turn generates the digital control signals for the inverter 30.
  • control and regulating device 17 is also assigned a transmitting and receiving device 10, which is connected via a bus line 12 to other electronic ballasts and / or to a central control device 50.
  • a plurality of electronic ballasts 60-1, 60-2, 60-3, ..., 60-i are connected to a common bus line 12. All ECGs are connected via this bus line to the central control device 50, to which a display unit 51 is assigned. Via bus line 12, it is now possible to control one or more of the aforementioned electronic ballasts and to transmit commands to them, such as switching off, switching on, igniting or the like. Brightness values can also be preset and, in return, error information can be queried from the individual devices. The control unit 50 is thus informed of the overall system status at all times, as a result of which a high degree of operational reliability can be guaranteed and accelerated maintenance of the decentralized ECGs or their fluorescent lamps is possible.
  • FIG. 3 shows the control and regulating device 17 as an integrated circuit.
  • the multitude of measured values m which correspond to the process signals of FIG. 1 are fed to it. It emits two digital control signals for the output stage transistors of the inverter 30, which are amplified and potential-shifted via a driver circuit 31.
  • control and regulating device 17 In addition to the m measured values, the control and regulating device 17 also receives n target values fed. These influence the predeterminable control behavior. Still is as part of the control and regulating circuit 17 or separately a transmission and Receiving device 10 provided directly or by means of a coupling circuit is connected to the bus line 12. It forms the serial interface that the Control and regulating device enables error and operating status information to be transmitted to the central control unit 50.
  • n target values can also be transmitted and received by this transmitting and receiving device 10 are fed to the control circuit after appropriate preparation 17 passes on.
  • Setpoints can be, for example, the emergency lighting level (NOT), the minimum brightness level (MIN) and the maximum brightness level (MAX), within the latter two the predeterminable brightness level (DIMM) in the Moving operations.
  • Each A decentralized ECG is assigned an address that enables individual ECGs to be to address the address of the transmitting and receiving device 10 and information to query them or give them orders.
  • the bidirectional way of working the bus line 12 enables problem-free and low-effort wiring of one Large number of decentralized ECGs with a central control unit (50).
  • FIG. 4 shows a basic circuit diagram of an input circuit as can be used to supply the AC voltage generator 30 from a supply network with the voltage U N.
  • the input circuit consists of capacitive input filters and possibly a harmonic choke.
  • the Y-circuit capacitors are used for radio interference suppression.
  • a surge arrester or a VDR is connected in parallel. This is followed by a full-wave rectifier, which can be omitted if the device is operated with direct voltage.
  • An intermediate circuit capacitor C4 is connected downstream of the rectifier, which charges up to approx. 300 V with a residual ripple of approx. 10% at 220 V mains voltage.
  • the intermediate circuit voltage U 0 should be smoothed well.
  • a voltage divider R18, R28 is connected to the intermediate circuit capacitor C4 a measurement signal proportional to the intermediate circuit voltage can be tapped.
  • a signal proportional to the supply voltage is detected and just like the DC link voltage-dependent measurement signal of the control and Control device 17 supplied. Both measurement signals are used for supply voltage monitoring and thus the operational security of the TOE.
  • FIG. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment of a load circuit 40 according to the invention with a heat exchanger L5 for preheating the filaments of the fluorescent lamp LA1.
  • the exemplary embodiment of the invention has a pair of these branches, that is to say two fluorescent lamps LA1, LA2 at an AC voltage output which emits the high-frequency AC voltage U HF between the power switching transistors V21 and V28 which are connected.
  • the AC voltage generator is supplied with an intermediate circuit voltage U dc from the input circuit 20 shown in FIG. 4. Since the fluorescent lamps have a negative internal resistance during operation, they must be supplied with high voltage peaks during the ignition process (IGNIT) and with the appropriate heating energy when heating the filaments.
  • IGNIT ignition process
  • a visual resonance circuit L2, C15 leads via a balancing element TR1, which will be explained later, to the discharge path H2, H4 of the fluorescent lamp. Furthermore, a measuring resistor R32 is connected in series with the fluorescent tube, at which a voltage proportional to the lamp current I L1 is tapped and fed to the control and regulating circuit 17.
  • An ignition capacitor C17 is connected to ground (ZERO) between coil L2 and capacitor C15.
  • Parallel to the ignition capacitor C17 is also the primary winding of the heat exchanger L5 and, in addition to this, a Zener diode V15 and a measuring resistor R10.
  • a voltage proportional to the heating turning current I W1 is tapped off at the latter and fed to the control and regulating circuit 17 as a further system measured variable. Since the inverter 30 impresses an output voltage and the heat exchanger is essentially parallel to the fluorescent lamp LA1, a voltage is impressed on its secondary windings via the heat exchanger.
  • the two secondary windings each supply one of the two heating coils H1, H2 and H3, H4.
  • the sum of the heating coil currents I W1 is measured at the primary-side measuring resistor R10.
  • the Zener diode V15 which is still switched on, generates a DC component in the primary winding of L5, which is not transmitted, however, but is missing in the lamp current I L1 and thus supplies the discharge of the lamp with an additional DC component in the order of approximately 1% of the actual discharge current .
  • the "running layers” consist in particular of light / dark zones which occur during dimming and run along the tube at a predetermined speed. A superimposition of low direct current accelerates this running effect in such a way that it no longer has a disturbing effect.
  • the inverter 30 is operated at a high frequency f max , so that an alternating voltage occurs at C17 which is not suitable for igniting the lamp LA1.
  • the filaments of the lamp are heated via L5, the lamp absorbing a high and then a lower heating current due to the thermistor effect of the filaments.
  • the ignition (IGNITION) of the lamp is initiated.
  • the series resonance circuit L2, C15 or L3, C16 is strongly damped. On the one hand, this causes a shift in the resonance frequencies f 0 and, on the other hand, an immediate drop in the AC voltage applied to the respective lamp. The decrease is detected by the control and regulating circuit 17 via the voltage divider R27, R25 connected in parallel to the lamp. This then initiates the actual operating phase (DIMM) of the lamps.
  • DIMM actual operating phase
  • the frequency f of the inverter 30 is regulated so that the lamp output corresponds to the predetermined target value, ie the desired brightness level.
  • the operating frequency of the alternating voltage generator 30 can also be shifted to values which are in the order of magnitude of the heating frequency or above.
  • an output frequency can also be set which is below the ignition frequency but still above the resonance frequency of the series resonance circuit L2, C15.
  • the operating state of the lamp circuit 14 can vary greatly depending on the lamp used, for example argon or krypton lamps, or depending on the lamp power selected.
  • the combination of the capacitor C24 and the diodes V30, V31 causes a frequency-dependent Damping the output circuit in the event of a voltage surge. It is in front important when high frequencies and high impedances occur, e.g. if there is no lamp or if the filament is already warm.
  • the wiring This type helps the voltage surge when the lamp is not ignited or missing to limit if it is undesirable.
  • C24 is selected so that the damping remains small enough at the time of ignition.
  • FIG. 6 shows the output circuit of FIG. 5 for the two-lamp operation - two fluorescent lamps on one inverter.
  • the symmetry transformer TR1 is also shown here in full. Each winding is traversed by one of the two lamp currents. This takes place in opposite directions, so that when there is a deviation in the current amplitude, a resulting magnetization occurs, which induces a voltage in the inductive element which has a symmetrical effect.
  • Such a transformer is advantageous if the two lamps would burn differently bright in the dimmed state due to component tolerances and lamp tolerances as well as different temperature conditions.
  • the symmetry element TR1 avoids this in the case of two-lamp luminaires. If several pairs of lamps are operated at an AC voltage output, such a balancing element TR1 must be provided for each pair.
  • a signal proportional to the lamp current is obtained from them, which signal can be multiplied in the control and regulating circuit 17 by the aforementioned lamp voltage signal. In this way it is ensured that at any time of the actual lamp power is P or E brightness proportional signal is available, which can be preset to a precise brightness control as the feedback.
  • FIG. 7 shows the inverter 30 in more detail with its output power transistors V28, V21. Between them, the high-frequency alternating voltage U HF is output to the load circuit 40 explained above.
  • the two power transistors are controlled via a control circuit 31, which receives its control signals from the control and regulating circuit 17. Possibly. asymmetrical switch-off / switch-on delays for the respective transistors come into consideration, so that a common conduction of both transistors V21, V28 can be avoided in principle.
  • the upper transistor is supplied via a bootstrap circuit (not shown), the lower transistor and the system controller 10, 17, 31 receive their drive voltage via a series resistor and a smoothing capacitor C5 from the intermediate circuit voltage U 0 .
  • the current that can be supplied to the smoothing capacitor C5 through the series resistor or a current source I q is sufficient to supply the IC31 and the control and regulating circuit 17 in the switched-off mode (SLEEP).
  • the load circuit 40 of the inverter 30 is in an impermissible capacitive range. It represents a danger for the controlling inverter.
  • a phase position analysis can also be used, in which the load current I L1 is set in relation to the inverter branch current I max and from this the relative phase of both currents Detection of the operating state is used.
  • the control circuit detects an inadmissible capacitive operating behavior 17 with an increase in the operating frequency f of the inverter 30 answered, with which the load circuit 40 is again operated inductively.
  • the aforementioned capacitive mode of operation mainly occurs with a low supply voltage. With the Branch current detection can reliably avoid the destruction of components.
  • the digital interface 10 shows the transmitting and receiving device 10 and the coupling filter connected upstream of it, with which the bus coupling to the control line 12 takes place.
  • the digital interface 10 is given the setpoints for minimum, maximum and emergency lighting brightness (U NOT , U MIN , U MAX ).
  • a digital input DAT is provided, via which both the control signals arrive from a central control device to the decentralized ECG and the error signals are transmitted from the decentralized ECG to the central control device.
  • the serial interface enables remote control of the electronic ballast by means of a digital command signal or command word.
  • An 8 bit data word is provided as such a digital signal.
  • FIG. 8c An advantageous further development of this circuit is shown in FIG. 8c.
  • the circuit is protected against polarity reversal by using a secondary winding with center tap.
  • Optical coupling can also be used, but this has an increased power consumption.
  • Control signal "OFF" represented by the binary word "zero” is possible.
  • SLEEP power-saving shutdown mode
  • the inverter 30 and the control circuit 31 are shut down and possibly after a little more Time delay also the essential components of the control and regulating circuit 17. Only the receiving circuit of the transmitting and receiving device 10 and the Monitoring circuit for the detection of an emergency operation (EMERGENCY) remain activated. The total circuit power drops below 1 W.
  • control and regulating circuit 17 immediately takes the Switch-on sequence before, with preheating and ignition process (IGNITION) in the stationary Operation transferred and there is an immediate adjustment of the desired Brightness value (DIMM).
  • IGNITION preheating and ignition process
  • control and regulating circuit 17 In addition to controlling the brightness and the emergency lighting mode as well as the switch-off mode (SLEEP mode), the control and regulating circuit 17 also has the task of to take all the above-mentioned process variables the information required for Monitoring and control of the TOE are important.
  • control and regulating circuit 17 switches all functions if the voltage becomes too high and can only be restored The function will function once the voltage has been switched off and on again.
  • An emergency mode switchover to a predeterminable emergency lighting brightness takes place, for example, when a DC voltage U N is detected by the control circuit 17 via the usual AC voltage input of the switch-on circuit 20 and via the sensors R21, C25 (FIG. 4).
  • a counter logic is used for this purpose, which initiates emergency operation if there is no exceeding or falling below a predetermined threshold value. This can take place after a predetermined dead time that bridges individual, possibly missing, half-waves.
  • an emergency voltage supply U B which is obtained from batteries or a generator, is placed on the mains voltage line.
  • the ECGs recognize this automatically.
  • the brightness of the fluorescent lamps is no longer specified by the digitally specified brightness value DIMM, but by a trim value that can be specified locally on the device and can be specified via the input U NOT .
  • the ECG is in switch-off mode (SLEEP) when this emergency operation occurs, ie the lamp and the inverter are switched off, it will first carry out the normal ignition process (IGNIT) and then switch to the emergency operating brightness.
  • SLEEP switch-off mode
  • the ECG When the end of the emergency operating state is recognized, the ECG returns to the previous state back, this can be the OFF state if the TOE was previously there. This However, it can also be the original brightness value (DIMM), if this is required of emergency operation.
  • DIMM original brightness value
  • the detection of the filament current detects whether either a lamp is not inserted or one of the two filaments is broken.
  • the inverter 30 is operated at its maximum frequency f max , which on the one hand results in a heating current still flowing when the defective lamp has been replaced and on the other hand reduces the voltage on the defective lamp to the smallest possible extent .
  • f max maximum frequency
  • the inductive part of the series resonant circuit in the output becomes so high at the above-mentioned high frequency f max with respect to the capacitive resistance of the ignition capacitor C17 that the voltage at the output is limited to non-hazardous values and there is no danger for the maintenance personnel.
  • the internal sequence control in the control and regulating circuit 17 also continues to limit the number of start attempts to two and sets (sends) whenever one There is an error if e.g. B. the lamp is missing if a filament break or a There is a gas defect, an error signal via the transmitting and receiving device 10 the bidirectional bus 12. This also applies in emergency operation, since the lamp is defective emergency operation cannot be maintained.
  • Wiring errors that lead to a short circuit in the discharge path of the lamp can be detected on the basis of the process signals when the lamp voltages be monitored for a predetermined minimum value. One leads Falling below this specified value, as in the case of mains overvoltage monitoring to switch off the entire ECG.
  • the unwillingness to ignite the lamp is from the control and Control circuit 17 detected. If the lamp is within a predetermined ignition timing cannot be ignited, d. H. when there is a drop in voltage across the ignition capacitor C17 does not occur within this period, the lock mentioned applies on.
  • a repeat time can also be waited for after which a new attempt to start and start is made. If no ignition success is achieved here either, the control and regulating circuit 17 reacts as in the case of a broken heating coil and sets the frequency of the inverter 30 to the maximum value f max .
  • the following is explained for the brightness control of the fluorescent lamps.
  • a real brightness control is used, since this guarantees the same lamp outputs regardless of the lamp type - with essentially the same lamp efficiency.
  • the measured values determining the actual value, lamp current and lamp voltage are multiplied and compared in analog or digital form with the soli values predetermined by remote control via the transmitting and receiving device 10.
  • the comparison result controls the frequency f of the alternating voltage generator 30 directly or via a controller. If a more precise gradation of brightness is desired, a logarithmic adjustment of the soli value can take place. Exponential actual value weighting can be carried out in the same way. In addition to the independence of the lamp type, compensation is also achieved for lamp age, the existing operating temperature and also the possibly fluctuating mains voltage U N.
  • FIG. 9 shows a brightness-time diagram in which the brightness of the lamp controlled by the electronic ballast according to FIG. 1 is varied as a function of time.
  • maximum brightness is provided, followed by a switch-off cycle specified via the bus line 12 and the digital interface 10.
  • the brightness is acc. a predetermined slope reduced to zero, then the inverter 30, its driver circuit 31 and essential parts of the control IC 17 turn off to save electricity.
  • a subsequent emergency lighting state leads - despite the system being switched off - to controlled ignition and a build-up of the brightness of the lamp to the preset emergency lighting brightness (EMERGENCY). This can be changed for each decentralized ECG via the setpoint specification U NOT .
  • the maximum and minimum brightness value (MIN, MAX) shown in FIG. 9 can be set or adjusted via a corresponding setpoint value.
  • Fig. 10 is a programmatically controlled "soft start” as a brightness-time diagram shown schematically.
  • the ECG 60 is initially in the switched off state (OUT).
  • the "Softstart” command now either leads to an automatic one slope-controlled increase in lamp brightness - after ignition - or closed a program-controlled incremental increase in lamp brightness levels. in the the latter case are determined by the central control device 50 in certain Periods of incrementally increasing brightness values are sent.
  • the decentralized ECGs follow the requirements almost instantaneously. This will be a rate of change-controlled (regulated) rise and fall of the decentralized light sources possible.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Discharge-Lamp Control Circuits And Pulse- Feed Circuits (AREA)
  • Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
  • Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Oxygen Or Sulfur (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
EP99126075A 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Procédé et circuit de commande de l' intensité lumineuse et du comportement de lampes à décharge Ceased EP0989787A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4039161 1990-12-07
DE4039161A DE4039161C2 (de) 1990-12-07 1990-12-07 System zur Steuerung der Helligkeit und des Betriebsverhaltens von Leuchtstofflampen
EP91121150A EP0490329B1 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Système de contrÔle de l'intensité lumineuse et du comportement de lampes à décharge
EP95114340A EP0688153A3 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Procédé et circuit pour commander l'intensité lumineuse et le mode de fonctionnement de lampes à décharge

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95114340A Division EP0688153A3 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Procédé et circuit pour commander l'intensité lumineuse et le mode de fonctionnement de lampes à décharge

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0989787A2 true EP0989787A2 (fr) 2000-03-29
EP0989787A3 EP0989787A3 (fr) 2000-05-24

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ID=6419851

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95114340A Withdrawn EP0688153A3 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Procédé et circuit pour commander l'intensité lumineuse et le mode de fonctionnement de lampes à décharge
EP91121151A Expired - Lifetime EP0490330B1 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Circuit de commande de lampes à décharge
EP95114759A Withdrawn EP0706307A3 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Circuit pour commander l'intensité lumineuse et le mode de functionnement de lampes à décharge
EP95114571A Withdrawn EP0701390A3 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Circuit pour commander l'intensité lumineuse et le mode de fonctionnement de lampes à décharge
EP99126075A Ceased EP0989787A3 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Procédé et circuit de commande de l' intensité lumineuse et du comportement de lampes à décharge
EP99126074A Expired - Lifetime EP0989786B1 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Procédé et circuit de commande de l' intensité lumineuse et du comportement de lampes à décharge
EP95114483A Withdrawn EP0689373A3 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Circuits pour commander l'intensité lumineuse et le mode de fonctionnement de lampes à décharge
EP91121150A Revoked EP0490329B1 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Système de contrÔle de l'intensité lumineuse et du comportement de lampes à décharge
EP95114670A Expired - Lifetime EP0701389B1 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Circuit pour commander l'intensité lumineuse et le mode de functionnement de lampes à décharge

Family Applications Before (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95114340A Withdrawn EP0688153A3 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Procédé et circuit pour commander l'intensité lumineuse et le mode de fonctionnement de lampes à décharge
EP91121151A Expired - Lifetime EP0490330B1 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Circuit de commande de lampes à décharge
EP95114759A Withdrawn EP0706307A3 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Circuit pour commander l'intensité lumineuse et le mode de functionnement de lampes à décharge
EP95114571A Withdrawn EP0701390A3 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Circuit pour commander l'intensité lumineuse et le mode de fonctionnement de lampes à décharge

Family Applications After (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99126074A Expired - Lifetime EP0989786B1 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Procédé et circuit de commande de l' intensité lumineuse et du comportement de lampes à décharge
EP95114483A Withdrawn EP0689373A3 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Circuits pour commander l'intensité lumineuse et le mode de fonctionnement de lampes à décharge
EP91121150A Revoked EP0490329B1 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Système de contrÔle de l'intensité lumineuse et du comportement de lampes à décharge
EP95114670A Expired - Lifetime EP0701389B1 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Circuit pour commander l'intensité lumineuse et le mode de functionnement de lampes à décharge

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (9) EP0688153A3 (fr)
AT (4) ATE215770T1 (fr)
DE (5) DE4039161C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2087222T3 (fr)
FI (1) FI117464B (fr)
NO (1) NO300750B1 (fr)

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US7619539B2 (en) 2004-02-13 2009-11-17 Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. Multiple-input electronic ballast with processor

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US7619539B2 (en) 2004-02-13 2009-11-17 Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. Multiple-input electronic ballast with processor
US8111008B2 (en) 2004-02-13 2012-02-07 Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. Multiple-input electronic ballast with processor
US7369060B2 (en) 2004-12-14 2008-05-06 Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. Distributed intelligence ballast system and extended lighting control protocol
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0989786A3 (fr) 2000-08-23
NO300750B1 (no) 1997-07-14
EP0701390A3 (fr) 1996-06-05
FI915757A (fi) 1992-06-08
EP0701389A3 (fr) 1998-08-26
EP0490329A1 (fr) 1992-06-17
DE59109260D1 (de) 2004-04-29
EP0989786B1 (fr) 2004-03-24
FI117464B (fi) 2006-10-13
ES2087222T3 (es) 1996-07-16
FI915757A0 (fi) 1991-12-05
EP0706307A2 (fr) 1996-04-10
EP0989786A2 (fr) 2000-03-29
ATE137078T1 (de) 1996-05-15
EP0490330A1 (fr) 1992-06-17
ATE262774T1 (de) 2004-04-15
EP0701389B1 (fr) 2002-04-03
EP0989787A3 (fr) 2000-05-24
DE59106372D1 (de) 1995-10-05
EP0490330B1 (fr) 1995-08-30
EP0706307A3 (fr) 1996-07-10
ATE127312T1 (de) 1995-09-15
EP0490329B1 (fr) 1996-04-17
EP0701390A2 (fr) 1996-03-13
DE4039161C2 (de) 2001-05-31
NO914820L (no) 1992-06-09
DE4039161A1 (de) 1992-06-11
EP0688153A3 (fr) 1997-02-26
NO914820D0 (no) 1991-12-06
EP0701389A2 (fr) 1996-03-13
ATE215770T1 (de) 2002-04-15
DE59109232D1 (de) 2002-05-08
EP0689373A2 (fr) 1995-12-27
EP0688153A2 (fr) 1995-12-20
EP0689373A3 (fr) 1997-05-07
DE59107686D1 (de) 1996-05-23

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