EP0490330A1 - Circuit de commande de lampes à décharge - Google Patents

Circuit de commande de lampes à décharge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0490330A1
EP0490330A1 EP91121151A EP91121151A EP0490330A1 EP 0490330 A1 EP0490330 A1 EP 0490330A1 EP 91121151 A EP91121151 A EP 91121151A EP 91121151 A EP91121151 A EP 91121151A EP 0490330 A1 EP0490330 A1 EP 0490330A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lamp
circuit
current
voltage
electronic ballast
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Application number
EP91121151A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0490330B1 (fr
Inventor
Siegfried Luger
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Tridonic Bauelemente GmbH
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Tridonic Bauelemente GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/39—Controlling the intensity of light continuously
    • H05B41/392—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor
    • H05B41/3921—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations
    • H05B41/3922—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations and measurement of the incident light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/282—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices
    • H05B41/2825—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices by means of a bridge converter in the final stage
    • H05B41/2827—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices by means of a bridge converter in the final stage using specially adapted components in the load circuit, e.g. feed-back transformers, piezoelectric transformers; using specially adapted load circuit configurations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps
    • H05B41/298—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2981—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2983—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions against abnormal power supply conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/39—Controlling the intensity of light continuously
    • H05B41/392—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor
    • H05B41/3921—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/39—Controlling the intensity of light continuously
    • H05B41/392—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor
    • H05B41/3921—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations
    • H05B41/3925—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations by frequency variation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • H05B47/175—Controlling the light source by remote control
    • H05B47/18—Controlling the light source by remote control via data-bus transmission

Definitions

  • the invention relates generally to an electronic ballast (EVG) for fluorescent lamps.
  • EMG electronic ballast
  • circuit arrangements within the electronic ballast for the separate detection of lamp current and filament current of a lamp.
  • Electronic ballasts of modern design serve to control fluorescent lamps and regularly have the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the applicant's European patent application EP-A-0338 109 discloses an electronic ballast which has an AC voltage generator with a controllable frequency, a series resonant circuit whose capacitance is parallel to the lamp and a current measuring element for measuring the lamp current.
  • an AC voltage generator with a controllable frequency
  • a series resonant circuit whose capacitance is parallel to the lamp and a current measuring element for measuring the lamp current.
  • the lamp current flowing over the electrodes of the lamp is measured, but also the heating current flowing over the filaments of the lamp.
  • a differentiated statement about the level of the lamp current or the level of the heating coil current cannot be made.
  • the AC voltage generator When the circuit is implemented, the AC voltage generator is switched off in the event of a filament breakage, since parasitic capacitances to ground can result in voltage increases at the open end of the filament. The AC voltage generator must therefore be switched off for safety reasons. After switching off, the heating coil current no longer flows. An automatic restart with a newly inserted lamp cannot take place since the ballast receives no information about the insertion of the new lamp.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an electronic ballast that allows a separate detection of heating current and lamp current and does not turn off the AC generator even in the event of a filament breakage, so that the heating current can still be measured and an automatic restart is possible.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an exemplary embodiment of an electronic ballast according to the invention.
  • the mains voltage U N is - if necessary via a switch S1 - the
  • Input circuit 20 (rectifier circuit) supplied. This generates the intermediate circuit voltage U O , U dc , which the AC voltage generator 30
  • the AC voltage generator 30 outputs its high-frequency output voltage U HF to an output load circuit 40 which contains one or more fluorescent lamps LA1, LA2.
  • a plurality of system measured values can be taken from both the AC voltage generator 30 and the load circuit 40. Together the measured values fed to a control and regulating circuit 17, which in turn generates the digital control signals for the inverter 30. These are potential-shifted via a driver circuit 31 and fed to the output MOS-FETs of the inverter.
  • the control and regulating device 17 is also assigned a transmitting and receiving device 10, which is connected via a bus line 12 to other electronic ballasts and / or to a central control device 50.
  • a plurality of electronic ballasts 60-1, 60-2, 60-3, ..., 60-i are connected to a common bus line 12. All ECGs are connected via this bus line to the central control device 50, to which a display unit 51 is assigned. Via bus line 12, it is now possible to control one or more of the aforementioned electronic ballasts and to transmit commands to them, such as switching off, switching on, igniting or the like. Brightness values can also be preset and, in return, error information can be queried from the individual devices. The control unit 50 is thus informed of the overall system status at all times, which means that a high degree of operational reliability can be guaranteed and accelerated maintenance of the decentralized ECGs or for their fluorescent lamps is possible.
  • FIG. 3 shows the control and regulating device 17 as an integrated circuit.
  • the plurality of measured values m which correspond to the process signals of FIG. 1 are fed to it. It emits two digital control signals for the output stage transistors of the inverter 30, which are amplified and potential-shifted via a driver circuit 31.
  • control and regulating device 17 is also supplied with n target values. These influence the predeterminable control behavior. Furthermore, a transmitting and receiving device 10 is provided as part of the control and regulating circuit 17 or separately, which is connected directly or by means of a coupling circuit to the bus line 12. It forms the serial interface, which enables the control and regulating device to transmit error and operating status information to the central control device 50.
  • Setpoints can be, for example, the emergency lighting level (NOT), the minimum brightness level (MIN) and the maximum brightness level (MAX), within the latter of which the specifiable brightness level (DIMM) can move during operation.
  • NOT emergency lighting level
  • MIN minimum brightness level
  • MAX maximum brightness level
  • Serial digital data words are used as command and data words and as error information words. Other value lengths are possible.
  • An address is assigned to each decentralized ECG, which makes it possible to address individual ECGs via the address of the transmitting and receiving device 10 and to query information from them or to issue commands to them.
  • the bidirectional mode of operation of the bus line 12 enables a large number of decentralized electronic ballasts to be connected to a central control unit (50) without problems and with little effort.
  • FIG. 4 shows a basic circuit diagram of an input circuit as can be used for supplying the alternating voltage generator 30 from a supply network with the voltage U N.
  • the input circuit consists of capacitive input filters and possibly a harmonic choke.
  • the Y-circuit capacitors are used for radio interference suppression.
  • a surge arrester or a VDR is connected in parallel. This is followed by a full-wave rectifier, which can be omitted if the device is operated with direct voltage.
  • Downstream of the rectifier is an intermediate circuit capacitor C4, which charges up to approx. 300 V with a residual ripple of approx. 10% at 220 V mains voltage.
  • the intermediate circuit voltage U O should be smoothed well.
  • a voltage divider R18, R28 Parallel to the intermediate circuit capacitor C4 is a voltage divider R18, R28, from which a measurement signal proportional to the intermediate circuit voltage can be tapped.
  • a signal which is proportional to the supply voltage is detected at a low-pass filter R21, C25 and, like the intermediate-circuit voltage-dependent measurement signal, is fed to the control and regulating device 17. Both measurement signals are used to monitor the supply voltage and thus the operational safety of the ECG.
  • FIG. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment of a load circuit 40 according to the invention with a heat exchanger L5 for preheating the filaments of the fluorescent lamp LA1.
  • Fig. 5 only one of a pair of lamp circles is shown.
  • the embodiment of the invention has a pair of these branches, ie two Fluorescent lamps LA1, LA2 at an AC voltage output, which outputs the high-frequency AC voltage U HF between the series-connected power switching transistors V21 and V28.
  • the AC voltage generator is supplied with an intermediate circuit voltage U dc from the input circuit 20 shown in FIG. 4. Since the fluorescent lamps have a negative internal resistance during operation, they must be supplied with high voltage peaks during the ignition process (ZÜND) and with appropriate heating energy when heating the filaments.
  • a series resonance circuit L2, C15 leads via a balancing element TR1, which will be explained later, to the discharge path H2, H4 of the fluorescent lamp. Furthermore, a measuring resistor R32 is connected in series with the fluorescent tube, at which a voltage proportional to the lamp current I L1 is tapped and fed to the control and regulating circuit 17.
  • An ignition capacitor C17 is connected to ground (ZERO) between coil L2 and capacitor C15.
  • this capacitor is connected to ground even when the filament breaks, so that no voltage increases occur at the open lamp holder, since the resistance of the ignition capacitor C17 is sufficiently small at the maximum frequency of the AC voltage generator.
  • Parallel to the ignition capacitor C17 is also the primary winding of the heat exchanger L5 and in series with this a Zener diode V15 and a measuring resistor R10.
  • a voltage proportional to the heating coil current I W1 is tapped from the latter and fed to the control and regulating circuit 17 as a further system measurement variable. Since the inverter 30 impresses an output voltage and the heat exchanger is essentially parallel to the fluorescent lamp LA1, a voltage is impressed on its secondary windings via the heat exchanger.
  • the two secondary windings each supply one of the two heating coils H1, H2 and H3, H4 potential-free.
  • the sum of the heating coil currents I W1 / 2 is measured at the primary-side measuring resistor R10.
  • the Zener diode V15 which is still connected in series, generates a direct current component in the primary winding of L5, which is not transmitted, however, but is missing in the lamp current I L1 and thus the discharge of the lamp with an additional one DC component in the order of magnitude of approx. 1% of the actual discharge current is supplied. This prevents the effect of the "running layers” that occur when the lamps are dimmed.
  • the "running layers” consist in particular of light / dark zones which occur during dimming and run along the tube at a predetermined speed. A superimposition of low direct current accelerates this running effect in such a way that it no longer has a disturbing effect.
  • the inverter 30 is operated at a high frequency f max , so that an AC voltage occurs at C17 which is not suitable for igniting the lamp LA1.
  • the filaments of the lamp are heated via L5, the lamp absorbing a high and then a lower heating current due to the thermistor effect of the filaments.
  • the ignition (IGNITION) of the lamp is initiated.
  • the frequency f of the inverter 30 is reduced so that it comes closer to the resonance frequency f of the output series resonance circuit L2, C15. This creates a voltage surge at C17, which is of the order of approximately 750 V (peak). This will ignite a functional lamp.
  • the series resonance circuit L2, C15 or L3, C16 is strongly damped. On the one hand, this causes a shift in the resonance frequencies f O and, on the other hand, an immediate drop in the AC voltage applied to the respective lamp. The decrease is detected by the control and regulating circuit 17 via the voltage divider R27, R25 connected in parallel to the lamp. This then initiates the actual operating phase (DIMM) of the lamps.
  • DIMM actual operating phase
  • the frequency f of the inverter 30 is regulated so that the lamp output corresponds to the predetermined target value, ie the desired brightness level.
  • the operating frequency of the alternating voltage generator 30 can also be shifted to values which are in the order of magnitude of the heating frequency or above.
  • an output frequency can also be set which is below the ignition frequency but still above the resonance frequency of the series resonance circuit L2, C15.
  • the operating state of the lamp circuit 14 can vary greatly depending on the lamp used, for example argon or krypton lamps, or depending on the lamp power selected.
  • the combination of the capacitor C24 and the diodes V30, V31 results in a frequency-dependent damping of the output circuit when the voltage rises. It is particularly important when there are high frequencies and high impedances, e.g. if there is no lamp or if the filament is already warm.
  • the wiring of this type helps to limit the voltage rise when the lamp is not ignited or missing when it is undesirable.
  • C24 is selected so that the damping remains small enough at the time of ignition.
  • Fig. 6 shows the output circuit of Fig. 5 for the two-lamp - two fluorescent lamps on an inverter - operation.
  • the symmetry transformer TR1 is also shown here in full. Each winding is traversed by one of the two lamp currents. This happens in opposite directions, so that in the event of a deviation in the current amplitude, a resulting magnetization occurs, which induces a voltage in the inductive element which has a symmetrical effect.
  • Such a transformer is advantageous if the two lamps would burn differently bright in the dimmed state due to component tolerances and lamp tolerances as well as different temperature conditions.
  • the symmetry element TR1 avoids this in the case of two-lamp luminaires. If several pairs of lamps are operated at an AC voltage output, such a balancing element TR1 must be provided for each pair.
  • a signal proportional to the lamp current is obtained from them, which signal can be multiplied in the control and regulating circuit 17 by the aforementioned lamp voltage signal. This ensures that at any time of the actual lamp power is P or E brightness proportional signal is available, which can be preset to a precise brightness control as the feedback.
  • FIG. 7 shows the inverter 30 in more detail with its output power transistors V28, V21. Between them, the high-frequency AC voltage U HF is output to the load circuit 40 explained above.
  • the two power transistors are controlled via a control circuit 31, which receives its control signals from the control and regulating circuit 17. Possibly. unbalanced turn-off / turn-on delays come into consideration for the respective transistors, so that a common conduction of both transistors V21, V28 can be avoided in principle.
  • the upper transistor is supplied via a bootstrap circuit (not shown), the lower transistor and the system controller 10, 17, 31 receive their drive voltage via a series resistor and a smoothing capacitor C5 from the intermediate circuit voltage U O.
  • the current that can be supplied to the smoothing capacitor C5 through the series resistor or a current source I q is sufficient to supply the IC31 and the control and regulating circuit 17 in the switched-off mode (SLEEP).
  • the load circuit 40 of the inverter 30 is in an impermissible capacitive range. It represents a danger for the controlling inverter.
  • Phase position considerations are used, in which the load current I L1 is set in relation to the inverter branch current I max and from this the relative phase of both currents is used to detect the operating state.
  • Detection of an impermissible capacitive operating behavior is answered by the control circuit 17 by increasing the operating frequency f of the inverter 30, with which the load circuit 40 is again operated inductively.
  • the above-mentioned capacitive mode of operation mainly occurs with a low supply voltage. With the branch current detection, destruction of components can be safely avoided.
  • the digital interface 10 shows the transmitting and receiving device 10 and the coupling filter connected upstream of it, with which the bus coupling to the control line 12 takes place.
  • the digital interface 10 is given the setpoints for minimum, maximum and emergency lighting brightness (U NOT , U MIN , U MAX ).
  • a digital input DAT is provided, via which both the control signals arrive from a central control device to the decentralized ECG and the error signals are transmitted from the decentralized ECG to the central control device.
  • the serial interface enables remote control of the electronic ballast by means of a digital command signal or command word.
  • An 8 bit data word is provided as such a digital signal.
  • FIG. 8c An advantageous further development of this circuit is shown in FIG. 8c.
  • the circuit is protected against polarity reversal by using a secondary winding with center tap.
  • Optical coupling can also be used, but this has an increased power consumption.
  • control signals 255 (corresponding to 8 bit) brightness values are provided as control signals.
  • the control signal "OFF”, represented by the binary word “zero” is also possible. With the aforementioned signal OFF, the entire ECG switches to an energy-saving shutdown mode (SLEEP) immediately or after a short period of time. In it, the measuring current consumption of the entire ballast is minimal.
  • the inverter 30 and the control circuit 31 are shut down and, after a slight further time delay, if necessary, the essential assemblies of the control and regulating circuit 17. Only the receiving circuit of the transmitting and receiving device 10 and the monitoring circuit for the detection of an emergency operation (EMERGENCY) remain activated. The total circuit power thus drops below 1 W.
  • control and regulating circuit 17 immediately carries out the switch-on sequence which, with preheating and ignition process (IGNITION), transfers to steady-state operation and is used for one immediate setting of the desired brightness value (DIMM) is ensured.
  • IGNITION preheating and ignition process
  • control and regulating circuit 17 is also responsible for extracting the information from all of the aforementioned process variables which are important for monitoring and controlling the electronic ballast.
  • the various operating states of the fluorescent tube can also be distinguished by the measured variables.
  • the measured process variables and those used for checking are summarized below: Supply voltage U ac , U N , Undervoltage / overvoltage U Nmin , U Nmax , Battery voltage U B , DC link voltage U O , U dc , Lamp current / operating current I L1 , I L2 , Lamp voltage U L1 , U L2 , Output voltage U HF , Output current I HF , Spiral current I W1 , I W2 , AC generator branch current I chap .
  • the control and regulating circuit 17 switches off all functions when the voltage becomes too high, and can only function again when the voltage has been switched off and on again.
  • An emergency mode switchover to a predeterminable emergency lighting brightness takes place, for example, when a DC voltage U N is detected by the control circuit 17 via the usual AC supply input of the switch-on circuit 20 and via the sensors R21, C25 (FIG. 4).
  • a counter logic is used, which initiates emergency operation if the specified threshold value is not exceeded or undershot. This can happen after a specified dead time that bridges individual, possibly missing, half-waves.
  • an emergency voltage supply U B which is obtained from batteries or a generator, is placed on the mains voltage line.
  • the ECGs recognize this automatically.
  • the brightness of the fluorescent lamps is no longer specified by the digitally specified brightness value DIMM, but by a trim value that can be specified locally on the device and can be specified via the input U NOT .
  • the ECG is in switch-off mode (SLEEP) when this emergency operation occurs, ie the lamp and inverter are switched off, it will first carry out the normal ignition process (IGNIT) in order to subsequently switch to the emergency operating brightness.
  • SLEEP switch-off mode
  • the electronic ballast When the end of the emergency operating state is recognized, the electronic ballast returns to the previous state; this can be the OFF state if the electronic ballast was previously there. However, this can also be the original brightness value (DIMM), if this was available before requesting emergency operation.
  • DIMM original brightness value
  • the detection of the filament current detects whether either a lamp is not inserted or one of the two filaments is broken.
  • the inverter 30 is operated at its maximum frequency f max , which on the one hand results in the heating current still flowing when the defective lamp has been replaced and on the other hand reduces the voltage on the defective lamp to the smallest possible extent .
  • f max maximum frequency
  • the inductive part of the series resonance circuit in the output becomes so high at the above-mentioned high frequency f max with respect to the capacitive resistance of the ignition capacitor C17 that the voltage at the output is limited to harmless values and there is no danger for the maintenance personnel.
  • the ignition process (IGNITION) is initiated without waiting for the preheating time to elapse.
  • the internal sequence control in the control and regulating circuit 17 also limits the number of start attempts to two and sets (sends) whenever there is an error, e.g. B. the lamp is missing if a filament break or a gas defect is present, an error signal via the transmitting and receiving device 10 on the bidirectional bus 12. This also applies in emergency mode, since emergency mode cannot be maintained if the lamp is defective.
  • an error e.g. B. the lamp is missing if a filament break or a gas defect is present
  • Wiring errors that lead to a short circuit in the discharge path of the lamp can then be detected on the basis of the process signals if the lamp voltages are monitored for a predetermined minimum value. If the value falls below this specified value, as in the case of the mains overvoltage monitoring, the entire ECG is switched off.
  • the unwillingness to ignite the lamp e.g. B. by gas defect, is recognized by the control and regulating circuit 17. If the lamp cannot be ignited within a predetermined ignition timing, i. H. if the voltage across the ignition capacitor C17 does not drop within this period, the said lock is activated.
  • control and regulating circuit 17 reacts as in the case of a broken heating coil and sets the frequency of the inverter 30 to the maximum value f max .
  • control and regulating circuit 17 recognizes by an increase in the lamp voltage or by a change in the heating coil current, an attempt is made to fire again after a new lamp is inserted.
  • the following is explained for the brightness control of the fluorescent lamps.
  • a real brightness control is used, since this guarantees the same lamp outputs regardless of the lamp type - with essentially the same lamp efficiency.
  • the measured values determining the actual value, lamp current and lamp voltage are multiplied and compared in analog or digital form with the setpoints predetermined by remote control via the transmitting and receiving device 10.
  • the comparison result controls the frequency f of the alternating voltage generator 30 directly or via a controller. If a more precise gradation of brightness is desired, a logarithmic setpoint adjustment can take place. Exponential actual value weighting can be carried out in the same way. In addition to the independence of the lamp type, compensation is also achieved for lamp age, the existing operating temperature and also the possibly fluctuating mains voltage U N.
  • FIG. 9 shows a brightness-time diagram in which the brightness of the lamp controlled by the electronic ballast according to FIG. 1 is varied as a function of time.
  • maximum brightness is provided, followed by a switch-off cycle specified via the bus line 12 and the digital interface 10.
  • the brightness is acc. a predetermined slope reduced to zero, then the inverter 30, its driver circuit 31 and essential parts of the control IC 17 turn off to save electricity.
  • a subsequent emergency lighting state leads - despite the system being switched off - to controlled ignition and a build-up of the brightness of the lamp to the preset emergency lighting brightness (EMERGENCY). This can be changed via the setpoint specification U NOT for each decentralized ECG.
  • the maximum and minimum brightness value (MIN, MAX) shown in FIG. 9 can be set or adjusted via a corresponding setpoint value.
  • a program-controlled "soft start” is shown schematically in FIG. 10 as a brightness-time diagram.
  • the ECG 60 is initially in the switched-off state (OFF).
  • the "Softstart” command now leads either to an automatic, slope-controlled increase in lamp brightness - after it has been ignited - or to a program-controlled incremental increase in lamp brightness levels. In the latter case, the central control unit 50 sends incrementally increasing brightness values in certain time segments.
  • the decentralized ECGs follow the requirements almost without delay. This enables a rate of change-controlled (regulated) rise and fall of the decentralized light sources.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Discharge-Lamp Control Circuits And Pulse- Feed Circuits (AREA)
  • Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
  • Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Oxygen Or Sulfur (AREA)
EP91121151A 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Circuit de commande de lampes à décharge Expired - Lifetime EP0490330B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4039161A DE4039161C2 (de) 1990-12-07 1990-12-07 System zur Steuerung der Helligkeit und des Betriebsverhaltens von Leuchtstofflampen
DE4039161 1990-12-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0490330A1 true EP0490330A1 (fr) 1992-06-17
EP0490330B1 EP0490330B1 (fr) 1995-08-30

Family

ID=6419851

Family Applications (9)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95114340A Withdrawn EP0688153A3 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Procédé et circuit pour commander l'intensité lumineuse et le mode de fonctionnement de lampes à décharge
EP95114670A Expired - Lifetime EP0701389B1 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Circuit pour commander l'intensité lumineuse et le mode de functionnement de lampes à décharge
EP95114759A Withdrawn EP0706307A3 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Circuit pour commander l'intensité lumineuse et le mode de functionnement de lampes à décharge
EP95114483A Withdrawn EP0689373A3 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Circuits pour commander l'intensité lumineuse et le mode de fonctionnement de lampes à décharge
EP91121151A Expired - Lifetime EP0490330B1 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Circuit de commande de lampes à décharge
EP99126075A Ceased EP0989787A3 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Procédé et circuit de commande de l' intensité lumineuse et du comportement de lampes à décharge
EP95114571A Withdrawn EP0701390A3 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Circuit pour commander l'intensité lumineuse et le mode de fonctionnement de lampes à décharge
EP91121150A Revoked EP0490329B1 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Système de contrÔle de l'intensité lumineuse et du comportement de lampes à décharge
EP99126074A Expired - Lifetime EP0989786B1 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Procédé et circuit de commande de l' intensité lumineuse et du comportement de lampes à décharge

Family Applications Before (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95114340A Withdrawn EP0688153A3 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Procédé et circuit pour commander l'intensité lumineuse et le mode de fonctionnement de lampes à décharge
EP95114670A Expired - Lifetime EP0701389B1 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Circuit pour commander l'intensité lumineuse et le mode de functionnement de lampes à décharge
EP95114759A Withdrawn EP0706307A3 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Circuit pour commander l'intensité lumineuse et le mode de functionnement de lampes à décharge
EP95114483A Withdrawn EP0689373A3 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Circuits pour commander l'intensité lumineuse et le mode de fonctionnement de lampes à décharge

Family Applications After (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99126075A Ceased EP0989787A3 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Procédé et circuit de commande de l' intensité lumineuse et du comportement de lampes à décharge
EP95114571A Withdrawn EP0701390A3 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Circuit pour commander l'intensité lumineuse et le mode de fonctionnement de lampes à décharge
EP91121150A Revoked EP0490329B1 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Système de contrÔle de l'intensité lumineuse et du comportement de lampes à décharge
EP99126074A Expired - Lifetime EP0989786B1 (fr) 1990-12-07 1991-12-09 Procédé et circuit de commande de l' intensité lumineuse et du comportement de lampes à décharge

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (9) EP0688153A3 (fr)
AT (4) ATE137078T1 (fr)
DE (5) DE4039161C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2087222T3 (fr)
FI (1) FI117464B (fr)
NO (1) NO300750B1 (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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EP0589081A1 (fr) * 1992-09-24 1994-03-30 Knobel Ag Lichttechnische Komponenten Circuit pour alimenter une lampe fluorescente avec mesure du courant passant par la lampe
EP0617567A1 (fr) * 1993-03-26 1994-09-28 Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corporation Ballast pour lampes à décharge avec un facteur de forme amélioré
EP0658071A1 (fr) * 1993-12-13 1995-06-14 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Ballast de symétrisation pour deux lampes en parallèle
EP0722263A1 (fr) * 1995-01-13 1996-07-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit pour le préchauffage des électrodes d'une lampe fluorescente
EP0769889A1 (fr) * 1995-10-20 1997-04-23 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Circuit
US5691604A (en) * 1994-11-24 1997-11-25 Oy Helvar Method and circuit system for controlling a lighting electronics appliance
WO1999053731A1 (fr) * 1998-04-15 1999-10-21 Electro-Mag International, Inc. Circuit ballast de demarrage instantane
DE10127135B4 (de) * 2001-06-02 2006-07-06 Insta Elektro Gmbh Dimmbares elektronisches Vorschaltgerät
EP1901591A1 (fr) * 2006-09-13 2008-03-19 TridonicAtco GmbH & Co. KG Allumage de lampes à décharge dans des conditions environnementales variables
DE19501695B4 (de) * 1994-10-13 2008-10-02 Tridonicatco Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorschaltgerät für mindestens eine Gasentladungslampe mit vorheizbaren Lampenwendeln
WO2008116496A1 (fr) * 2007-03-27 2008-10-02 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Appareil de commande et système d'éclairage pour des lampes à décharge basse pression à régulation de puissance en fonction de la température
WO2016041567A1 (fr) * 2014-09-17 2016-03-24 Cooper Crouse-Hinds Gmbh Ballast électronique et procédé de commande d'une charge

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DE4330114B4 (de) * 1992-11-24 2004-05-06 Tridonicatco Gmbh & Co. Kg Schaltungsanordnung zum Steuern einer Mehrzahl von Verbrauchern, insbesondere Vorschaltgerät von Lampen
DE4245092B4 (de) * 1992-12-23 2012-07-26 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg Vorschaltgerät für mindestens ein parallel betriebenes Gasentladungslampen-Paar
DE4243955B4 (de) * 1992-12-23 2010-11-18 Tridonicatco Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorschaltgerät für mindestens ein parallel betriebenes Gasentladungslampen-Paar
AT499U1 (de) * 1992-12-23 1995-11-27 Tridonic Bauelemente Schaltungsanordnung zur spannungsversorgung und helligkeitssteuerung einer niedervolt-halogenlampe
DE4330942C2 (de) * 1993-09-08 1997-05-22 Smi Syst Microelect Innovat Verfahren zum Erkennen einer defekten Leuchtstofflampe bei Betrieb mit höherfrequenter Spannung
JP2745379B2 (ja) * 1994-02-24 1998-04-28 株式会社遠藤照明 蛍光灯照明調光システム
DE4421736C2 (de) * 1994-06-22 1998-06-18 Wolfgang Nuetzel Steuerbare Lichtanlage
DE4425890A1 (de) * 1994-07-11 1996-01-18 Priamos Licht Ind & Dienstleis Schaltungsanordnung für den Betrieb einer Entladungslampe
US5656891A (en) * 1994-10-13 1997-08-12 Tridonic Bauelemente Gmbh Gas discharge lamp ballast with heating control circuit and method of operating same
US5633564A (en) * 1995-06-01 1997-05-27 Edwards; M. Larry Modular uninterruptible lighting system
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DE10163957A1 (de) * 2001-12-23 2003-07-03 Der Kluth Decke Und Licht Gmbh Elektronisches Vorschaltgerät
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ITVI20040062A1 (it) * 2004-03-19 2004-06-19 Beghelli Spa Sistema integrato di diagnosi e gestione di lampade fluorescenti
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DE102004040947A1 (de) * 2004-07-23 2006-03-16 Tridonicatco Gmbh & Co. Kg Schnittstellenschaltung zur Übertragung von digitalen Signalen
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DE102005045618B4 (de) 2005-09-23 2019-02-07 Osram Gmbh Notstromleuchte mit einem elektronischen Vorschaltgerät für die Ansteuerung eines Notstromleuchtmittels, sowie Notstromanlage mit derartigen Notstromleuchten
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Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0589081A1 (fr) * 1992-09-24 1994-03-30 Knobel Ag Lichttechnische Komponenten Circuit pour alimenter une lampe fluorescente avec mesure du courant passant par la lampe
US5504399A (en) * 1992-09-24 1996-04-02 Knobel Ag Lichttechnische Komponenten Electrical circuit for operating a fluorescent lamp and for measuring the lamp current
EP0617567A1 (fr) * 1993-03-26 1994-09-28 Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corporation Ballast pour lampes à décharge avec un facteur de forme amélioré
EP0658071A1 (fr) * 1993-12-13 1995-06-14 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Ballast de symétrisation pour deux lampes en parallèle
BE1007869A3 (nl) * 1993-12-13 1995-11-07 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Schakelinrichting.
DE19501695B4 (de) * 1994-10-13 2008-10-02 Tridonicatco Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorschaltgerät für mindestens eine Gasentladungslampe mit vorheizbaren Lampenwendeln
US5691604A (en) * 1994-11-24 1997-11-25 Oy Helvar Method and circuit system for controlling a lighting electronics appliance
EP0722263A1 (fr) * 1995-01-13 1996-07-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Circuit pour le préchauffage des électrodes d'une lampe fluorescente
BE1009717A3 (nl) * 1995-10-20 1997-07-01 Philips Electronics Nv Schakelinrichting.
EP0769889A1 (fr) * 1995-10-20 1997-04-23 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Circuit
WO1999053731A1 (fr) * 1998-04-15 1999-10-21 Electro-Mag International, Inc. Circuit ballast de demarrage instantane
US6069455A (en) * 1998-04-15 2000-05-30 Electro-Mag International, Inc. Ballast having a selectively resonant circuit
US6236168B1 (en) 1998-04-15 2001-05-22 Electro-Mag International, Inc. Ballast instant start circuit
DE10127135B4 (de) * 2001-06-02 2006-07-06 Insta Elektro Gmbh Dimmbares elektronisches Vorschaltgerät
EP1901591A1 (fr) * 2006-09-13 2008-03-19 TridonicAtco GmbH & Co. KG Allumage de lampes à décharge dans des conditions environnementales variables
WO2008116496A1 (fr) * 2007-03-27 2008-10-02 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Appareil de commande et système d'éclairage pour des lampes à décharge basse pression à régulation de puissance en fonction de la température
WO2016041567A1 (fr) * 2014-09-17 2016-03-24 Cooper Crouse-Hinds Gmbh Ballast électronique et procédé de commande d'une charge
US10154563B2 (en) 2014-09-17 2018-12-11 Eaton Protection Systems Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg Electronic ballast and method for controlling a load

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0701389B1 (fr) 2002-04-03
EP0490330B1 (fr) 1995-08-30
EP0688153A2 (fr) 1995-12-20
NO300750B1 (no) 1997-07-14
NO914820D0 (no) 1991-12-06
ATE127312T1 (de) 1995-09-15
FI117464B (fi) 2006-10-13
EP0701389A3 (fr) 1998-08-26
DE59109260D1 (de) 2004-04-29
EP0706307A2 (fr) 1996-04-10
EP0706307A3 (fr) 1996-07-10
DE4039161C2 (de) 2001-05-31
EP0689373A3 (fr) 1997-05-07
EP0490329B1 (fr) 1996-04-17
EP0490329A1 (fr) 1992-06-17
NO914820L (no) 1992-06-09
ATE262774T1 (de) 2004-04-15
ATE137078T1 (de) 1996-05-15
DE59109232D1 (de) 2002-05-08
DE59106372D1 (de) 1995-10-05
FI915757A0 (fi) 1991-12-05
EP0688153A3 (fr) 1997-02-26
ES2087222T3 (es) 1996-07-16
EP0701389A2 (fr) 1996-03-13
EP0989787A2 (fr) 2000-03-29
EP0989787A3 (fr) 2000-05-24
FI915757A (fi) 1992-06-08
DE59107686D1 (de) 1996-05-23
ATE215770T1 (de) 2002-04-15
EP0701390A3 (fr) 1996-06-05
DE4039161A1 (de) 1992-06-11
EP0989786B1 (fr) 2004-03-24
EP0689373A2 (fr) 1995-12-27
EP0989786A3 (fr) 2000-08-23
EP0989786A2 (fr) 2000-03-29
EP0701390A2 (fr) 1996-03-13

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