EP1901591A1 - Allumage de lampes à décharge dans des conditions environnementales variables - Google Patents

Allumage de lampes à décharge dans des conditions environnementales variables Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1901591A1
EP1901591A1 EP07113856A EP07113856A EP1901591A1 EP 1901591 A1 EP1901591 A1 EP 1901591A1 EP 07113856 A EP07113856 A EP 07113856A EP 07113856 A EP07113856 A EP 07113856A EP 1901591 A1 EP1901591 A1 EP 1901591A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lamp
voltage
fluorescent lamp
fluorescent
component
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP07113856A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1901591B1 (fr
Inventor
Dirk Dworatzek
David Dr. Buso
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tridonicatco GmbH and Co KG
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Tridonicatco GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP1901591A1 publication Critical patent/EP1901591A1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/39—Controlling the intensity of light continuously
    • H05B41/392—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor
    • H05B41/3921—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the operation of AC powered lamps, in particular fluorescent lamps, e.g. Gas discharge lamps.
  • the invention relates to the control of such lamps, taking into account the ambient conditions, such as the ambient temperature.
  • Such regulations are used in operating devices such as electronic ballasts.
  • fluorescent lamps operated with dimmable electronic ballasts can be operated close to the nominal mode - and thus at nominal power - and on the other hand with dimmed, ie reduced lamp power.
  • the operation with nominal power is relatively unproblematic compared to the operation with reduced, in particular greatly reduced lamp power.
  • the permissible lamp ambient temperatures in dimming operation are specified much narrower compared to the normal power operation. Namely, at low dimming values, the ambient temperature of the lamp plays a greater role for a stable regulation of the dimmed fluorescent lamps, ie a regulation with constant light output and in particular a regulation, which reliably prevents unwanted extinction of the lamp.
  • the stronger lamp ambient temperature dependence at low dimming levels is i.a. caused by the fact that the lamp voltage at low ambient temperatures and small lamp currents (as they occur with dimmed lamp power) increases sharply and may take inadmissibly high values.
  • the temperature in the immediate vicinity of the lamp is crucial, which does not necessarily have to be the ambient temperature of an optionally spatially and thermally separated from the lamp electronic ballast.
  • the temperature of the electronic ballast can not be used directly to assess the lamp ambient temperature.
  • the invention has accordingly set itself the task of providing an improved and simplified technique for controlling a fluorescent lamp, which can reliably prevent the lamp from extinguishing even under extreme conditions.
  • the invention now addresses this problem and proposes already during the ignition of the lamp perform the DC detection and evaluate control technology.
  • a variable DC value can be specified as a setpoint value, wherein the setpoint value can depend on the current operating state of the lamp (for example ignition, combustion mode, etc.).
  • a method for controlling the operation of at least one (typically high-frequency) AC voltage operated fluorescent lamp is provided.
  • the AC voltage is deliberately superimposed on a DC voltage.
  • the DC component of the fluorescent lamp is determined and used as a control variable for the operation of the lamp, wherein the control of the lamp power is supplied to a variable reference variable.
  • the DC control variable may depend on the operating state of the lamp - such as preheating, ignition, or operation - and thus be temporally changeable.
  • the lamp resistance can preferably be kept constant.
  • the DC voltage component can be determined on the basis of a measurement signal derived at a voltage divider.
  • the DC voltage component of the lamp voltage can be determined based on the distances between the zero crossings of the lamp voltage.
  • the regulation of the lamp operation can be digital.
  • An externally specified dimming value can be taken into account for regulating the lamp power.
  • the power of the lamp may be increased to a value higher than the externally set dimming value depending on the value of the DC voltage portion of the lamp voltage.
  • an operating device for controlling at least one fluorescent lamp operated with alternating voltage is provided with a circuit for selectively superimposing a DC voltage on the fluorescent lamps, a circuit for determining the lamp voltage of the fluorescent lamp, and a lamp control circuit, on the one hand, the determined DC voltage component as a controlled variable and on the other hand, a variable DC voltage command variable (as adjustable setpoint) are supplied.
  • the DC voltage command variable can be specified as a digital value.
  • the lamp control circuit is designed to regulate the lamp power even before the ignition of the fluorescent lamp.
  • the DC voltage command variable may depend on the operating state of the lamp - such as preheating, ignition, or operation - or detected operating parameters and thus be temporally variable.
  • Means may be provided which keep the lamp resistance constant.
  • a voltage divider is provided for determining the DC voltage component.
  • the DC voltage component of the lamp voltage can be determined based on the distances between the zero crossings of the lamp voltage.
  • Means can be used for the digital control of the lamp power.
  • the lamp control circuit may have an input for externally preset dimming values.
  • the control circuit may, depending on the value of the DC voltage component of the lamp voltage, increase the power of the lamp to a value which is above the externally preset dimming value.
  • an electronic ballast comprising a circuit as described above is provided.
  • a luminaire is provided with such a ballast.
  • the illustrated dependency of the lamp voltage is due to the fact that the lamp resistance (ie the impedance of the discharge path of the lamp at the respective operating point) has both a dependence on the discharge current V Dis and on the ambient temperature T. In a certain operating point, in which the Lamp current I Dis of the ballast is kept substantially constant, thus there is a dependence of the lamp impedance Z Dis of the ambient temperature T.
  • the present invention now proposes to store the typically high-frequency operating voltage for the lamp U HF in a targeted manner a DC voltage V DC from a high-resistance source, so that then the DC component of the at Lamp voltage can be used as an indicator for the conditions under which the lamp is currently operated:
  • the source voltage V DC of the DC source is divided according to the resistance ratio of internal resistance of the DC source Z i to the impedance of the lamp Z l at the current operating point, wherein the lamp resistance Z l et al depends on the ambient temperature of the lamp T. This can also be done via the resistance ratio Z L / Z i + Z L the dependence of the DC component derived from the measurement of the lamp voltage V DC, ZL on the ambient temperature T of the lamp is detected.
  • the electronic ballast can take appropriate countermeasures. It makes sense to detect the DC component of the lamp voltage V DC, ZL over a certain time range and then to average it to take account of temporal compensatory processes in the lamp.
  • the ballast can automatically increase the lamp power, for example, until the DC component of the lamp voltage V DC, ZL returns to permissible values , ie has fallen below the predetermined threshold.
  • the electronic ballast also increases the lamp power over possibly supplied from the outside setpoints (Dimmbetatione, etc.) and thus the stability of the lamp control has a higher priority than the strict compliance specified outside values (dimming commands, etc.) is granted.
  • This increase in lamp power can be restricted according to the invention to the range of low dimming values.
  • the electronic ballast decreases the lamp power again until either the DC power again predetermined threshold value for the DC component of the lamp voltage V DC, ZL is reached, or now correctly the predetermined target value (Dimmbenning, etc.) for the lamp power has been reached.
  • FIG. 1a an embodiment of the present invention is shown schematically.
  • the ballast according to the invention has an inverter 1 with two series-connected, connected to a DC voltage source DC voltage and alternately clocked transistor switches S1 and S2.
  • the switching can be done by a control unit 2, which can be realized as a digital circuit or integrated circuit (IC).
  • a load circuit is connected, which has a resonant load circuit 3 and a lamp 4.
  • the resonant load circuit 3 consists of an inductance L R , a capacitor C R and a coupling capacitor C K.
  • the lamp 4 which is schematically denoted by its internal resistance R disl , is connected to the resonant load circuit 3 and is operated by the provided by the inverter 1 high-frequency AC voltage.
  • the lamp 4 may in particular be a fluorescent lamp such as a gas discharge lamp.
  • a diode D is optionally connected in series with a preferably high-resistance resistor R_DC.
  • Resistor R_DC can also be connected directly to the DC bus voltage.
  • a direct voltage component V DC is selectively added to the alternating operating voltage of the lamp 4.
  • This DC voltage can also be superimposed in an alternative manner to the AC voltage of the fluorescent lamp.
  • a voltage divider with two resistors R1, R2 is connected in parallel with the lamp 4.
  • a measurement signal U L is tapped, which corresponds to the voltage of the lamp 4.
  • This measurement signal U L is the control unit 2 and in particular a circuit 5 and a setpoint generator 6 is supplied. On the basis of this measurement signal U L , the circuit 5 or the setpoint generator 6 can measure the alternating voltage drop across the lamp 4. Since, however, this AC voltage contains a DC voltage component, a value is also evaluated by the circuit 5 or by the setpoint generator 6, which value corresponds to the DC voltage component of the lamp voltage.
  • the measurement signal U L generated by the voltage divider is supplied to one input of a setpoint value transmitter 6.
  • This setpoint generator 6 supplies a setpoint value for the DC voltage component of the lamp voltage as a function of the lamp voltage, that is, on the measurement signal U L and / or as a function of the operating state (for example, unlit / burning mode) of the lamp (variable setpoint value).
  • the actual value or the controlled variable U DC is and the setpoint or the command variable U DC, should be a DC controller 7 is supplied, which supplies depending on the control difference between the setpoint and the actual value a manipulated variable for the regulation of the DC voltage component ,
  • This manipulated variable may relate, for example, to the clock frequency of the two switches S1, S2.
  • the lamp control circuit can also be supplied with further operating parameters, such as, for example, the lamp current, etc., as well as externally predetermined desired values (dimming commands, etc.).
  • the lamp operation can be carried out digitally.
  • Fig. 2 shows a circuit implementation of this embodiment with an up / down counter 107, which receives as a real input signal, a signal UZERO and further as control signals a high-frequency reference clock signal CLK and a reset or reset signal.
  • the signal UZERO assumes a positive and otherwise a negative voltage level during each positive half wave of the voltage applied to the terminal VL and thus detects the zero crossing of the lamp voltage.
  • the counter 107 is started at zero crossing of the lamp voltage and counts during the subsequent half cycle of the lamp voltage either up or down.
  • the counting direction of the counter 107 is reversed.
  • the current count N of the counter 103 is a comparator connected, which may be formed for example by the comparator 103 already described above. This comparator 103 compares the current counter reading N with the initialization value or the original counter reading of the counter 107. If there is no rectification effect, the counter reading N must have reached the output value N 0 again after reaching the next zero crossing of the lamp voltage. On the other hand, if the count N deviates from the output value N 0 , a DC voltage component is present in the lamp voltage.
  • the comparator 103 compares the count N with the output value N 0 within certain tolerance limits, so as not to prematurely infer the presence of a rectifying effect.
  • the output signal of the comparator 103 is fed via a clocked by a latch signal D flip-flop 108 of the measuring phase control 900, which - as described above - evaluates this signal and in particular performs an event filtered score, ie only on the presence of a DC voltage component closes if one of the comparator 103, for example, 32 times in succession each 255. period of the lamp voltage a DC voltage component is reported.
  • the system according to the invention for the reliable ignition of, for example, gas discharge lamps contains two essential components namely a control unit or a controller 11 and a controlled system 12, which comprises the above-mentioned inverter or half-bridge 1, a resonance load circuit 3 and the lamp 4.
  • the control unit 11 essentially controls two switches of the inverter 1 for providing a high-frequency alternating voltage for ignition or for operation of the gas discharge lamp 4.
  • the power P_lamp and / or the voltage V_lamp of the gas discharge lamp 4 are first detected by various known methods.
  • the lamp voltage V_lamp is supplied to a unit 14 for evaluation of the DC voltage component of the lamp voltage. This evaluation can be carried out by means of various methods, such as the detection of the zero crossings of the lamp voltage described above in connection with FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the actual DC voltage component of the lamp voltage is compared with a nominal value DC target, and the difference V_DC_lamp of both values is supplied to a DC controller 18.
  • a DC controller 18 Proportional controller (P controller), proportional-integral controller (PI controller), proportional-integral-derivative controller (PID controller), proportional-derivative controller (PD controller).
  • P controller Proportional controller
  • PI controller proportional-integral controller
  • PID controller proportional-integral-derivative controller
  • PD controller proportional-derivative controller
  • the DC controller 18 is preferably a PI controller.
  • the output signal of the DC controller 18 is supplied as a setpoint to another control circuit, namely a lamp power control loop.
  • An analog-to-digital converter 13 converts the analogously detected lamp power P_lamp into a digital signal which is compared as an actual value with the manipulated variable of the DC controller 18 as a sol value. The result is supplied as a control difference to a power regulator 17 for regulating the lamp power.
  • the power regulator 17 controls, for example, the frequency of the AC voltage of the lamp. Usually, the frequency of the inverter is accordingly controlled.
  • the outer or first control loop has the DC controller 18 and predetermines the nominal value DC target for the DC component on the lamp 4 depending, for example, on the operating state or also on other parameters from the lamp circuit.
  • an inner or second control loop with the power regulator 17 is provided, which then regulates the lamp operation to the (variably predetermined) DC component.
  • the rectifier effect may e.g. on older fluorescent lamps and lead to overload of the ballast.
  • the fluorescent lamp then acts in a similar way to a rectifier, preferentially passing the lamp current in one direction while being less well transmitted in the opposite direction.
  • Such a current shift between individual lamp branches can be detected by the evaluation of the impedance i. the DC voltage component of the lamp voltage can be detected.
  • the power of the lamp 4 can thus be regulated accordingly.
  • Fig. 7 shows how the DC component can be made depending on the operating state of the lamp 4.
  • the control unit 11 lowers the frequency of the inverter 1. As a result, the voltage at the terminals of the lamp 4 increases. As long as this lamp voltage increases regularly, the DC component setpoint is reduced accordingly on a regular basis. This phase can be observed on Fig. 7 between t2 and t3.
  • the activation of the control circuit thus ignites the lamp and keeps it safely in operation in the critical phase after ignition.
  • the inner loop detects the lamp power and thus provides the opportunity to set a defined power. Furthermore, the inner loop is designed so that it can stabilize unstable operating points of the outer circle. This is necessary when operating at low temperatures and destabilized lamps (deposition of mercury).
  • the outer control loop keeps the DC voltage of the lamp constant, which corresponds to their resistance.
  • the nominal value of the DC control loop is set to the 1% nominal power of a new lamp at nominal temperature.
  • the initial conditions here are a maximum frequency for the output of the power controller 17 and a minimum power for the output of the DC controller 18.
  • the DC control loop will now reduce the existing control difference and ignite the lamp. After being ignited, the controls are used to set the DC setpoint.
  • the evaluation of the lamp voltage is, as shown, the evaluation of the lamp voltage.
  • the prerequisite for this, however, is a constant DC current that must be supplied to the lamp.
  • the evaluation of the zeros more precisely the ratio between T_pos, time during which the signal is positive, and T_neg, time during which the signal is negative, includes information about the lamp current, as well as the information of the lamp voltage.
  • N_D ⁇ c C ⁇ 1 ⁇ * arcsin ( - C Irms * 2 ) .
  • C and C1 are each a constant
  • N_D ⁇ c C ⁇ 2 ⁇ * arcsin ( - C Vrms * 2 ) .
  • C and C2 are each a constant.
  • the always activated power control loop keeps the system stable. This means that even if the operating points are not always stable (for example, active - passive dipole, lamp - output circuit), the system is kept stable. Due to the high demands on the Ausregel mecanic of the inner control loop ensures that the inner loop is not a bottleneck with respect to settling time.
  • Another advantage is the permanently switched on power control even before the ignition of the lamp, since the system already works completely and is initialized. There are no switching and initialization must be made. The ignition timing is no longer important in this system. It can vary greatly due to the lamp and the environment, which would be a disadvantage for an optimal start.
  • the electrical properties of gas discharge lamps can vary widely under variable environmental conditions such as ambient temperature, aging state and burning time (mercury ionization).
  • a change in the electrical properties of the gas discharge lamp means a change in the voltage / current characteristic of the lamp.
  • the method and operating device avoids extinction of the gas discharge lamp, by falling below the ambient condition-dependent minimum lamp current prevented.
  • the method according to the invention makes use of the determination of the environment-dependent electrical parameters and thus of the minimum current, the lamp resistance being the electrical parameter permitting this inference.
  • This lamp resistance can be determined by measurement using various known methods and forms the constant to be measured.
  • a control loop is provided according to the invention in order to keep the lamp resistance constant (constant DC current, measurement of the DC lamp voltage).
  • the activation of the control circuit ignites the lamp and keeps it safely in operation in the critical phase after ignition. Thereby, a control of the lamp is achieved, which is applied in different operating conditions of the lamp (such as preheating, ignition, operation), wherein the DC component of the lamp voltage is evaluated.
  • the control parameters adapt to the lamp condition, which is made possible by the combination of control loops.

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  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
  • Discharge-Lamp Control Circuits And Pulse- Feed Circuits (AREA)
EP07113856A 2006-09-13 2007-08-06 Allumage de lampes à décharge dans des conditions environnementales variables Not-in-force EP1901591B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006042954A DE102006042954A1 (de) 2006-09-13 2006-09-13 Zündung von Gasentladungslampen unter variablen Umgebungsbedingungen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1901591A1 true EP1901591A1 (fr) 2008-03-19
EP1901591B1 EP1901591B1 (fr) 2009-07-29

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07113856A Not-in-force EP1901591B1 (fr) 2006-09-13 2007-08-06 Allumage de lampes à décharge dans des conditions environnementales variables

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EP (1) EP1901591B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101146393B (fr)
AT (1) ATE438286T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102006042954A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012083324A1 (fr) * 2010-12-22 2012-06-28 Tridonic Gmbh & Co. Kg Réglage d'allumage et détection d'allumage de lampes à décharge
EP2556728A2 (fr) * 2010-04-06 2013-02-13 Lutron Electronics Company, Inc. Procédé permettant de commander un ballast de gradation électrique dans des conditions de basse température
WO2019154580A1 (fr) * 2018-02-06 2019-08-15 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg Procédé de fonctionnement de moyens d'éclairage à basses températures externes

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009032028A1 (de) * 2009-07-07 2011-01-13 Tridonicatco Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Betrieb von Gasentladungslampen bei niedrigen Außentemperaturen und dafür ausgelegtes Betriebsgerät
DE102010063989A1 (de) * 2010-12-22 2012-06-28 Tridonic Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben einer Gasentladungslampe

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0490330A1 (fr) * 1990-12-07 1992-06-17 Tridonic Bauelemente GmbH Circuit de commande de lampes à décharge
JPH076889A (ja) * 1993-04-23 1995-01-10 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 放電灯点灯装置
US5559395A (en) * 1995-03-31 1996-09-24 Philips Electronics North America Corporation Electronic ballast with interface circuitry for phase angle dimming control
US6218787B1 (en) * 1998-04-20 2001-04-17 Jrs Technology Inc. Remote dimming control system for a fluorescent ballast utilizing existing building wiring

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0490330A1 (fr) * 1990-12-07 1992-06-17 Tridonic Bauelemente GmbH Circuit de commande de lampes à décharge
JPH076889A (ja) * 1993-04-23 1995-01-10 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 放電灯点灯装置
US5559395A (en) * 1995-03-31 1996-09-24 Philips Electronics North America Corporation Electronic ballast with interface circuitry for phase angle dimming control
US6218787B1 (en) * 1998-04-20 2001-04-17 Jrs Technology Inc. Remote dimming control system for a fluorescent ballast utilizing existing building wiring

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2556728A2 (fr) * 2010-04-06 2013-02-13 Lutron Electronics Company, Inc. Procédé permettant de commander un ballast de gradation électrique dans des conditions de basse température
WO2012083324A1 (fr) * 2010-12-22 2012-06-28 Tridonic Gmbh & Co. Kg Réglage d'allumage et détection d'allumage de lampes à décharge
WO2019154580A1 (fr) * 2018-02-06 2019-08-15 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg Procédé de fonctionnement de moyens d'éclairage à basses températures externes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE438286T1 (de) 2009-08-15
EP1901591B1 (fr) 2009-07-29
CN101146393B (zh) 2011-07-06
CN101146393A (zh) 2008-03-19
DE102006042954A1 (de) 2008-03-27
DE502007001177D1 (de) 2009-09-10

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