EP0953654B1 - Procédé et dispositif de cémentation gazeuse - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de cémentation gazeuse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0953654B1
EP0953654B1 EP99108094A EP99108094A EP0953654B1 EP 0953654 B1 EP0953654 B1 EP 0953654B1 EP 99108094 A EP99108094 A EP 99108094A EP 99108094 A EP99108094 A EP 99108094A EP 0953654 B1 EP0953654 B1 EP 0953654B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ethanol
carbon dioxide
atmosphere
furnace
carbon
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99108094A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0953654A1 (fr
Inventor
Alexander Dipl.-Ing. Jurmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
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Linde GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0953654A1 publication Critical patent/EP0953654A1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/20—Carburising

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for carburizing metallic workpieces in a furnace at high temperatures and in an atmosphere containing CO and H 2 , in which the atmosphere is formed by reacting an oxygen-containing hydrocarbon medium, in particular an alcohol, with carbon dioxide.
  • the invention proposes that the atmosphere is formed on the basis of ethanol and carbon dioxide and the anoder Depletion of the atmosphere, i.e. the setting of a certain carbon level, by adjusting the stoichiometric ratio accordingly of ethanol and carbon dioxide.
  • this primarily results in an atmosphere formation reaction in accordance with C 2 H 5 OH + CO 2 ---> 3 CO + 3 H 2 .
  • the accumulation or reaction of the water and carbon dioxide formed during the carburizing process which is usually achieved by CH 4 or C 3 H 8 , is achieved according to the invention by adjusting the stoichiometric ratio of ethanol and carbon dioxide, because if there is an excess supply of ethanol, 2 C 2 H 5 OH + 1 CO 2 ---> CH 4 + 2 CO + 2 CO + 4 H 2 also a methane content in the product gas, which takes over the task of the enrichment gas, which is otherwise supplied independently.
  • the preparation of an enrichment gas is therefore not necessary in the method according to the invention.
  • an atmospheric gas with a CO to H 2 ratio of exactly 1: 1 is produced, which primarily serves to accelerate carburization.
  • the ethanol-carbon dioxide system with regard to its reaction properties offers favorable conditions. It already reacts at about 800 ° C in the desired way and ethanol and carbon dioxide can therefore - according a preferred process variant - for atmospheric formation without further measures directly into a carburizing furnace. A procedure with a standalone atmosphere generator can still work in some Applications may be required.
  • the "ethanol and carbon dioxide" system also results in a two-component system, that is comparatively easy to regulate.
  • the procedure is such that the carbon level in the carburizing furnace is measured continuously and the adjustment of the stoichiometric ratio of ethanol and changing carbon dioxide according to the desired carbon level.
  • Atmospheric formation one component is constantly fed into the system, and the other, depending on a carbon level measurement, supplied in a controlled manner becomes.
  • a carburizing plant according to the invention is specified in claim 1 and is characterized in that the associated carburizing furnace for the purpose of atmosphere formation only an ethanol source (A) and a carbon dioxide source (C) served and therefore with this is connected, and that a measuring device (M) for measuring the carbon level is present in the furnace, which in turn has a quantity control unit in the ethanol feed line and / or the carbon dioxide feed line is connected.
  • the invention is explained in more detail below in connection with the attached figure using an exemplary embodiment.
  • the figure shows a system design according to the invention with regulated CO 2 supply.
  • a carburizing furnace O is first to be coupled to an ethanol source A and to a carbon dioxide source C via suitable lines and actuators.
  • the ethanol supply consists of an ethanol pump P and a line 1, which opens into a atomization unit V before reaching the carburizing furnace.
  • a carbon dioxide feed line 2d likewise opens into the atomization unit.
  • the carbon dioxide feed line 2d divides upstream of the atomization unit V into a parallel circuit section with two lines 2b and 2c, in each of which an actuator - S1 and S2 - is provided for quantity control.
  • the parallel connection is connected to the CO 2 source C via a line section 2a and a main valve H.
  • the carburizing furnace O is equipped with a measuring device M for measuring the carbon level in its interior.
  • the measuring device M in turn is connected to a control device S, which in turn acts on the actuator S2 in the bypass line 2c of the parallel connection.
  • a procedure according to the invention of this system is that the starting media ethanol and carbon dioxide are introduced in certain basic quantities into the furnace O which is at a temperature and which are determined by suitable adjustment of the pumping power of the ethanol pump P and of the actuator S1.
  • the feed quantities are to be adjusted so that one mole of ethanol comes to one mole of CO 2 , with an excess of ethanol generally being provided in the variant shown.
  • an atmosphere is obtained from these starting media, essentially containing 1: 1 CO and H 2 , the carbon level of which is determined by the measuring device M, for example an oxygen probe or a C-flow probe. Since in the described case, in principle an excess of ethanol is used, a relatively high C level arises in the basic setting of the system.
  • the correspondingly programmed control device S triggers the opening of the actuator S2 and thus increases the CO 2 supply. As a result, the C level drops until, when a lower limit to be defined is reached, actuator S2 is closed again. In this way, a relatively simple, extremely efficient, C-level controlled carburizing atmosphere is obtained.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Procédé en vue de la carburation de pièces métalliques dans un four à des températures élevées et dans une atmosphère contenant CO et H2, lors duquel l'atmosphère est formée par la réaction d'un milieu d'hydrocarbures contenant de l'oxygène, en particulier d'un alcool avec du dioxyde de carbone, caractérisé en ce que l'atmosphère est formée sur la base de l'éthanol et du dioxyde de carbone et en ce que l'enrichissement, respectivement l'appauvrissement de l'atmosphère, par conséquent, le réglage d'un niveau déterminé de carbone, est obtenu par un ajustage correspondant du rapport stoechiométrique de l'éthanol et du dioxyde de carbone.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que de l'éthanol et du dioxyde de carbone sont introduits, en vue de la formation d'atmosphère, dans un four de carburation directement à la température de travail.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le niveau de carbone est mesuré en mode continu dans le four de carburation et en ce que le réglage du rapport stoechiométrique de l'éthanol et du dioxyde de carbone est modifié conformément au niveau de carbone souhaité.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'un composant de la formation d'atmosphère est alimenté d'une manière constante et en ce que l'autre composant y est acheminé d'une manière régulée, en fonction de la mesure du niveau de carbone dans le four de carburation.
  5. Installation de carburation, caractérisée en ce que le four de carburation associé se sert, en vue de la formation d'atmosphère, exclusivement d'une source d'éthanol (A) et d'une source de dioxyde de carbone (C), et est, par conséquent, relié à ces dernières, l'alimentation en éthanol se composant d'une pompe à éthanol (P), raccordée à une source d'éthanol (A), et d'un conduit qui s'y raccorde (1), qui débouche, avant de parvenir au four de carburation, dans une unité d'atomisation (V), raccordée au four, dans laquelle un conduit d'amenée de dioxyde de carbone (2d), couplé à la source de dioxyde de carbone (C), débouche également, et dans le cas duquel il existe un appareil de mesure (M) en vue de la mesure du niveau de carbone dans le four, lequel appareil de mesure est relié, de son côté, à une unité de commande quantitative (S), qui peut agir sur le débit dans le conduit d'amenée d'éthanol et/ou le conduit d'amenée de dioxyde de carbone.
EP99108094A 1998-04-28 1999-04-23 Procédé et dispositif de cémentation gazeuse Expired - Lifetime EP0953654B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19819042A DE19819042A1 (de) 1998-04-28 1998-04-28 Verfahren und Anlage zum Gasaufkohlen
DE19819042 1998-04-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0953654A1 EP0953654A1 (fr) 1999-11-03
EP0953654B1 true EP0953654B1 (fr) 2003-09-17

Family

ID=7866092

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99108094A Expired - Lifetime EP0953654B1 (fr) 1998-04-28 1999-04-23 Procédé et dispositif de cémentation gazeuse

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EP (1) EP0953654B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE250153T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19819042A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2939448B1 (fr) 2008-12-09 2011-05-06 Air Liquide Procede de production d'une atmosphere gazeuse pour le traitement des metaux.

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4317687A (en) * 1980-05-12 1982-03-02 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Carburizing process utilizing atmospheres generated from nitrogen-ethanol based mixtures
DE3224607A1 (de) * 1982-07-01 1984-01-05 Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden Verfahren zum einsatzhaerten und kohlungsneutralen gluehen metallischer werkstuecke
WO1992005295A1 (fr) * 1986-08-12 1992-04-02 Nobuo Nishioka Procede et appareil de cementation au gaz
DE4340060C1 (de) * 1993-11-24 1995-04-20 Linde Ag Verfahren zum Gasaufkohlen
JP3409236B2 (ja) * 1997-02-18 2003-05-26 同和鉱業株式会社 熱処理炉の雰囲気制御方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19819042A1 (de) 1999-11-04
EP0953654A1 (fr) 1999-11-03
ATE250153T1 (de) 2003-10-15
DE59906984D1 (de) 2003-10-23

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