Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
  • B66C11/00—Trolleys or crabs, e.g. operating above runways
  • B66C11/02—Trolleys or crabs, e.g. operating above runways with operating gear or operator's cabin suspended, or laterally offset, from runway or track
  • B66C11/04—Underhung trolleys
  • B66C11/06—Underhung trolleys running on monorails
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
  • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
  • B66D1/28—Other constructional details

Definitions

• Cables have an essentially cylindrical cable drum which is rotatably mounted in a frame.
• the cable drum is driven by means of a geared motor, the output shaft of the gearbox being coupled to the cable drum in a rotationally fixed manner.
• misalignments between the bearing seats for storing the drum and the attachment points for the geared motor are to be expected according to the manufacturing tolerances. So that these tolerances do not lead to tension in the drive, a shaft coupling was used in the past between the output shaft and the cable drum, which can accommodate these misalignments.
• the disadvantages here are the high manufacturing and assembly costs arising from the shaft coupling and the fact that essentially three bearings are required, namely two bearings for supporting the drum and a bearing device for supporting the output shaft of the transmission.
• the frame for mounting the cable drum has half plummer block bearings that are open at the top and in which ball bearings are inserted. There is an elastic, resilient layer between the ball bearing and the bearing seat in the pillow block bearing.
• the cable drum is provided with one-piece end plates, with a bearing journal inserted in each of them. One of the journals is also the output shaft of the gearbox of the geared motor.
• the drive motor for driving the cable drum sits in the known arrangement within the cable drum.
• the cable drum has a recess at one end into which an annular end plate is inserted.
• the bore of the end plate represents a bearing seat for a ball bearing, with which the cable drum is rotatably mounted on a tubular extension of the motor housing.
• the tubular extension of the motor arranged in the cable drum leads out of the cable drum and is screwed to a flange plate outside the cable drum.
• the armature shaft of the motor also protrudes from the cable drum, so that the armature shaft can be connected to a braking device on the other side of the flange plate.
• the motor housing is actually overhung within the cable drum and is only supported at the end lying inside the cable drum by the armature shaft, which is rotatably supported by a needle bearing in the output shaft of the gearbox, which projects into the cable drum. Also located coaxially within the output shaft of the transmission is the transmission input shaft, which is connected to gears outside the cable drum in a rotationally fixed manner.
• the output shaft and thus also the input shaft mounted in the output shaft are mounted in a tubular extension of the gear housing, which projects into the cable drum.
• the output shaft carries in one piece a radially extending flange which is connected to an inside the cable drum-shaped annular web is screwed.
• the cable drum, the motor and the gearbox form a self-contained, self-contained unit that no longer requires an additional outer frame for the purpose of positioning and securing the individual shaft bearings in the correct position.
• the cable drum forms the actual frame on which all of the roller bearings of the arrangement are supported directly or indirectly.
• the additional bracket which overlaps the cable drum on both sides and is connected on one end to the flange plate on which the motor housing is mounted and on the other end is fastened to the tubular extension of the transmission housing, merely represents the device that is necessary, to be able to hang the cable on a supporting frame. Bearing forces are not transferred through this.
• the cable drum is the actual frame of the cable, the cable drum and all other storage devices must be processed with very high accuracy so that the misalignment of the parts rotating against each other is as small as possible. Otherwise, due to the rigidity of the rope drum, large bearing forces would arise, which would soon lead to the destruction of the bearings.
• the torsionally soft, elastic frame reduces the tension forces that occur when the axes of the bearings of the cable drum are laterally offset from one another, i.e. have a side runout, and also the forces that arise when one or both bearing journals tumble demonstrate. In a torsionally rigid frame, these design errors would lead to forces that would soon destroy the rolling bearings. Not so with the flexible frame. Furthermore, in the flexible frame, the additional elastic fastening means for the transmission known from the prior art are dispensable, as a result of which the fastening of the transmission to the frame is considerably simplified.
• the new design of the cable pull is suitable for use in connection with a trolley, the frame for mounting the cable drum representing a cheek of the trolley.
• the frame base means as seen from the position of the cable drum, has an approximately C-shaped shape.
• This C-shaped shape can be achieved if the frame base means has a longitudinal member extending parallel to the cable drum.
• Elongated head pieces can be welded to this side member. The head pieces are elongated structures which run transversely to the longitudinal beam, preferably also run vertically in the operating position of the cable pull.
• a favorable ratio between strength and mass is achieved if the side member and / or the head pieces are tubular, preferably with a square cross section.
• a good flexibility of the frame against tensioning forces as a result of misalignment of the bearing pins of the rope drum on the one hand and a sufficient strength against forces caused by the load hanging on the rope is achieved if the frame has an approximately C-shaped shape in a plan view defined by the frame head center and the frame base means.
• the frame head means can move relatively easily at an angle to one another, in the sense of a bending load on the frame base means, if the axes of the two bearing journals enclose an angle other than 180 ° with one another.
• the frame base means would periodically be subjected to bending.
• a height offset of the pegs, on the other hand, would lead to torsion of the frame base means.
• the flexibility is favored if the framework Head means on which the gearbox is attached and / or the frame head means on which the other bearing, ie the drum bearing arrangement is attached, has a substantially plate-like shape.
• the assembly of the new cable is simplified if the output shaft is provided with a one-piece flange plate that fits into a corresponding seat in the cable drum.
• the motor gear unit can be manufactured and shipped as a pre-assembled unit.
• the frame of the new wire rope hoist can be part of a complete trolley, the frame representing a stringer cheek.
• FIG. 2 shows the cat according to FIG. 1, in a perspective top view
• FIG. 3 shows the cat according to FIG. 2, omitting the drive motor and the gear
• Fig. 4 is a plan view of a section of Fig. 2, the gear housing and the other drum bearing being cut longitudinally and
• Fig. 5 shows a cross section through a connection point between a frame head means and the gear housing, partially cut.
• a cat 1 is illustrated, which is intended to run along a running rail 2.
• the travel rail 2 consists of an I-shaped support with an upper flange 3, a lower flange 4 and a straight web 5 connecting the two flanges to one another.
• the trolley carriage 1 runs on the upper side of the lower flange 4.
• the main components of the trolley 1 include two running gear cheeks 6 and 7 which are arranged parallel and at a distance from one another, between which the running rail 2 runs and which are connected to one another via two mutually parallel connecting columns 8.
• the chassis cheek 6 comprises a cable 9, while the other chassis cheek 7 is provided with a drive motor 11 and a counterweight 10.
• a total of four wheels 12 are rotatably mounted on the mutually facing sides of the two chassis cheeks 6 and 7, of which the two wheels 12 facing the viewer can be rotated together via the drive motor 11.
• the chassis cheek 6 is formed by a frame 13 of the cable 9 and includes an elongated frame base means 14 extending in the direction parallel to the rail 2, on which the two wheels 12 are rotatably mounted, and two Frame head means 15 and 16 fastened to the frame base means 14.
• the frame head means 15 and 16 are stable sheet metal plates which are screwed onto the frame base means 14 and run parallel and at a distance from one another.
• a cable drum 17 is rotatably mounted between the two frame head means 15 and 16 and is driven by a drive motor 18 is driven by a gear 19.
• the gear 19 is screwed onto the frame head 15, namely that it is located on the side facing away from the frame head means 16.
• connection and control box 21 is arranged on the gear 19.
• the frame base means 14 consists of a longitudinal beam 22 made of a square tube, to the two ends of which two vertically extending head pieces 23 and 24 are welded.
• the connection between the longitudinal beam 22 and the two head pieces 23 and 24 takes place, as shown in FIG. 3, at the upper end of the head pieces 23 and 24.
• the two head pieces 23 and 24, which also consist of a section of a square tube, have the same cross-sectional profile and are delimited by two flat sides 25 and 26 which are parallel to one another in pairs and two narrow sides 27 and 28 which are perpendicular to and parallel to one another.
• an angular rail 29 is welded which extends over the length of the head piece 23 and whose leg 31 runs parallel to the plane defined by the flat side 25.
• the frame head means 16 is screwed onto the leg 31 by means of two screws 32 (for reasons of illustration only one of the two screws 32 can be seen; the other is covered by the cable drum 17).
• the frame head means 16 consists of a sheet metal plate 33 which is angled at 34 to form a mounting flange 35.
• the fastening flange 35 lies flat on the leg 31 the angle rail 29 on.
• a flat plate 36 is formed, which protrudes at right angles from a plane which is defined by the two flat sides 25 of the two head pieces 23 and 24.
• a drum bearing arrangement 37 is located approximately in the middle of this essentially rectangular plate 36.
• the other frame head means 15 is welded or screwed to the other head piece 24 below the longitudinal beam 22, specifically on the narrow side 27.
• This frame head means 15 also consists of a flat steel plate which is perpendicular to the aforementioned plane, which is from the two flat sides 25 of the two head pieces 23 and 25 is defined.
• the frame head means 15 is provided with a slot or mouth 38, whereby two legs 39 and 41 are formed, which fork the frame head means 15 as it were.
• the slot 38 is located at the level of the drum bearing arrangement 37. Its width results from the design of the mounting of the cable drum 17 on the other side, where the gear 19 is located.
• a total of four fastening bores 42 are provided in the two legs 39 and 41 on both sides of the slot 38 for fastening the gear 19.
• the frame cheek 7 of the trolley 1 is constructed using the frame base means 14 described above.
• the transmission 19 comprises a transmission housing 45 which is formed by two housing walls 46 and 47 which are parallel to one another and spaced apart from one another and a side wall arrangement 48 which is closed on all sides and extends between the two housing end walls 46 and 47 Side wall arrangement 48 is integral with the two housing end walls 46 and 47.
• a particularly torsionally rigid construction is thereby achieved which is able to directly hold the motor 18.
• the motor 18 is screwed to the housing end wall 46, which is correspondingly reinforced in this area, with the aid of fastening means (not shown further), its armature shaft 49 protruding into the interior of the transmission housing 45 through a bore 51 in the housing housing wall 46.
• a drive pinion 52 sits on the end of the armature shaft 49 projecting the gear housing 45 in a rotationally fixed manner.
• This drive pinion 52 meshes with a toothed wheel 53 which, together with a further pinion 54, is arranged on a countershaft 55 in a rotationally fixed manner
• the countershaft 55 is rotatably supported by means of two roller bearings 56 and 57.
• the roller bearing 56 is located in a bearing seat bore 58 in the housing end wall 46, while the ball bearing 57 is arranged in a bearing seat bore 59, which is located in a protuberance of the housing. End wall 47 is located.
• the two bearing seats 58 and 59 are aligned.
• the gearbox 19 contains an output shaft 61 parallel to the countershaft 55, which is also rotatably supported in the gearbox housing 45 by means of two ball bearings 62 and 63. Where the ball bearing 62 is located, there is an inward protrusion 64 in the housing end wall 47, which is provided with a bearing seat bore 65 into which the ball bearing 62 is pressed.
• the bearing seat bore 65 ends at an annular shoulder 66 which points to the ball bearing 63.
• a bearing seat bore 67 Aligned with the bearing seat bore 65 is a bearing seat bore 67 which is machined into an inwardly facing protuberance 68 of the housing end wall 46.
• the bearing seat bore 67 has a larger diameter than the bearing seat bore 65, so that although the housing 45 is in one piece, the ball bearing 62 can be pressed into the bearing seat bore 65 through the bearing seat bore 67.
• a snap ring 69 arranged further out secures the ball bearing 63 to the outside in the bearing seat bore 67.
• two bearing seats 71 and 72 adapted to the ball bearings 62 and 63 are formed, which are also at a distance from each other corresponding to the two ball bearings 62 and 63.
• Both bearing seats 71 and 72 are cylindrical surfaces, the diameter of the bearing seat 71 being smaller than the diameter of the bearing seat 72. Between the two bearing seats 71 and 72, a profile toothing is formed at 73, for example a multi-spline toothing, which is used to hold a hub bore of an output in a rotationally fixed manner.
• Gear 74 is used.
• the output gear 74 meshes with the pinion 54 and rests with the right end face on the inner bearing ring of the deep groove ball bearing 62. So that the output gear 74 on the output shaft 61 cannot slip to the left, there is a spacer ring 75 on the output shaft 61 between the deep groove ball bearing 63 and the output gear 74.
• An axial force of the output shaft 61 which is directed to the right in relation to FIG. 4, is transmitted from an annular shoulder formed on the bearing seat 72 via the inner bearing ring of the deep groove ball bearing 63, the spacer sleeve 75 and the output gear 74 to the deep groove ball bearing 62, which is located on the annular shoulder 66 supports.
• a force directed to the left is transmitted from the output shaft 61 via a snap ring 76 to the right outer side of the inner bearing ring of the deep groove ball bearing 62 and from there via the output gear 74, the spacer sleeve 75 and the deep groove ball bearing 61 to the snap ring 69.
• the output shaft 61 merges on its side adjacent to the housing end wall 46 into a neck part 77 which projects through slot 38 in the frame head means 15.
• An annular end plate 78 is molded onto the neck part 77 on the other side of the frame head means 15.
• the ring-shaped end plate 78 is a cylindrical, thick disk with a cylindrical outer circumferential surface 79 which merges into a face-turned ring surface 81 on the end face remote from the neck part 77.
• the cable drum 17 itself is an essentially cylindrical tube, in the outer peripheral surface of which cable grooves 83 are incorporated.
• the cable drum 17 is provided with recesses 86 and 87 forming seating seats.
• Each recess 86 or 87 consists of a cylindrical bore extending from the end 84 or 85, which is concentric with the axis of the cable drum 17.
• the cylindrical recess 86 or 87 is delimited by an annular shoulder.
• the clear width of the recess 86 or 87 is exactly the same as the outer diameter of the cylinder surface 79 on the end plate 78.
• the cable drum 17 contains a plurality of radially running bores in the region of the bend 86, the bores 82 corresponding in diameter and number to the bores 82 in the end plate 78.
• the cable drum 17 is designed in the same way, which is why the same reference numerals are used for the structural elements occurring there.
• a further face plate 89 is seated in the recess 87 at the face end 85 and is identical to the face plate 78 in terms of its circumferential contour. The only difference is that the face plate 78 merges into the output shaft 61, whereas the face plate 89 merges into a bearing journal 91 Rope drum 17 necessary structural elements on the face plate 89 are therefore given the same reference numerals as in the face plate 78.
• the bearing journal 91 forms a seat for a deep groove ball bearing 92.
• the deep groove ball bearing 92 is axially secured on the bearing journal 91 by means of a snap ring 93.
• the deep groove ball bearing 92 is inserted in a cylindrical bearing seat bore 94 of a bearing seat carrier 95, which is screwed onto the outside of the frame head means 16 with its flange 96 pointing outwards. To this end, performs a corresponding number of screws 97 through corresponding bores in the bearing bracket 95 and the plate-like or sheet-shaped frame head 16.
• the frame head 16 includes a bore 98 for the passage of the bearing carrier '95th
• connection of the gear housing 45 to the frame head means 15 is shown in detail in FIG. 5. Thereafter, for each fastening bore 42 in the frame head means 15, i.e. in the two legs 39 and 41, a corresponding fitting bore 99 is provided, which is located in an outwardly projecting extension 101 on the housing end wall 46. Coaxial with the fitting bore 99, the housing end wall 46 contains a threaded bore 102.
• a collar sleeve 103 leads from the side of the cable drum 17 through them aligned bores 42 and 99, the collar bush 103 with its collar 104 resting on the flat side of the frame head means 15 remote from the gear housing 45.
• a head screw 105 is screwed into the threaded bore 102 from the collar 104 and braces the frame head means 15 against the gear housing 45.
• the collar bush 103 keeps shear forces between the gear housing 45 and the frame head means 15 away from the shaft of the screw 105.
• the screw 105 only needs to transmit tensile forces and no shear forces.
• a washer 106 or 107 can be arranged between the extension 101 and the frame head means 15 or under the head of the screw 105.
• the ball bearing 63 and then the spacer ring 75 are plugged onto the output shaft 61.
• the output gear 74 is pushed in laterally through another mounting opening in the side wall arrangement 48 until the latter The hub bore is aligned with the deep groove ball bearing 62.
• the output shaft 61 equipped with the ball bearing 63 is inserted from the housing end wall 46 into the gear housing 45, the profile toothing
• the drive motor 18 is flanged onto the housing end wall 46. Its pinion 52 is then in engagement with the gear 53.
• the preassembled unit consisting of gear 19 and drive motor 18 is attached to the housing end wall 46 on the frame head means 15 from the outside, in such a way that the fitting bores 99 are aligned with the respectively associated bores 42, which are also fitting bores.
• the collar bushes 103 as shown in FIG. 5, are inserted into the frame head means 15 from the side of the end plate 78, the screws 105 are inserted and tightened in the thread 102 of the gear housing 45.
• the bearing arrangement 37 can then be assembled, namely the bearing carrier 95 is inserted into the opening 98 of the frame head means 16 and fastened to it by means of the fastening screws 97. Then the ball bearing 92, which may also be a Spherical roller bearings can be inserted into the bearing bracket 95 and axially secured with the help of circlips that are no longer recognizable. After this preparatory work, the pin 91, as shown in FIG. 4, is inserted into the ball bearing 92 and also secured with the snap ring 93. The bearing arrangement 37 is thus fully assembled and the cable drum 17 can be plugged onto the flange plate 89.
• the flange plate 89 penetrates the recess 87 until it rests with its annular shoulder 81 on the bottom of the recess 87.
• the screws 88 are screwed into the mutually aligned bores 82 in the flange plate 89 and the cable drum 17.
• the cable drum 17 is plugged onto the end plate 78, again until the end plate 78 abuts the bottom of the associated recess 86. After this has been done, the screws 88 are screwed into the flange plate 78 and the frame head means 16 is screwed onto the leg 31. In the end, an arrangement as shown in FIG. 2 is thus obtained.
• the frame 13 executes a flexing movement when the cable drum 17 rotates, in such a way that the plane defined by the two legs 39 and 41 corresponds to the plane defined by the frame head means 16 defined level tumbles.
• the wobble angle corresponds to the angle error between the axes mentioned.
• This wobble movement is made possible because the two frame head means 15 and 16 are plate-shaped and easily movable in the direction parallel to the axis of the cable drum 17. Furthermore, this wobble movement is possible because only one strut 22 runs parallel to the axis of the cable drum 17 and this strut 22 is sufficiently flexible.
• both alignment errors described above are present at the same time, so that the compensation movements described above overlap in the frame 13.
• the resilience which is also favored by the two legs 39 and 41, is such that, on the one hand, the forces can be transmitted to the rail 2, which originate from the load hanging on the rope, but on the other hand, the frame 13 so flexible that the tensions occurring in the frame 13 due to the misalignment do not affect the service life of the bearing thereby loaded, namely the ball bearing 92 in the bearing arrangement 37 and the ball bearings 62 and 63 with which the output shaft 61 is mounted.
• the allowable tolerance between the axes of rotation at the ends of the cable drum 17 is approximately 3 to 4 mm, i. H. the ball bearing 92 may have an axial offset of approximately 4 to 10 mm relative to the ball bearings 62 and 63 in the assembled and unloaded state of the cable drum 17 without this enormous tolerance significantly impairing the service life of the ball bearings 92, 62 and 63.
• a further improvement can be achieved if the ball bearing 92 is additionally designed as a self-aligning bearing, because then a wobble of the bearing journal 91 in the self-aligning bearing is compensated for and almost no compensation movement of the frame 13 is required.
• the cable drum In the case of a cable pull, the cable drum is rotatably mounted in an approximately C-shaped frame. A corresponding bearing arrangement is provided on one side for mounting the cable drum, while on the other side the cable drum is supported exclusively via the starting shaft of the transmission takes place. Tensions in the frame due to unavoidable misalignment are absorbed by the torsionally soft frame.

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• 1996
  • 1996-08-22 DE DE19633837A patent/DE19633837C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1997
  • 1997-06-08 US US09/242,510 patent/US6564954B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-08-08 KR KR10-1999-7001415A patent/KR100418822B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1997-08-08 EP EP97936609A patent/EP0922007B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-08-08 ES ES97936609T patent/ES2165079T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-08-08 AT AT97936609T patent/ATE210068T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1997-08-08 WO PCT/DE1997/001690 patent/WO1998007647A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1997-08-08 DE DE59705685T patent/DE59705685D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-08-08 JP JP10510248A patent/JP2000516186A/ja active Pending

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