EP0920489A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von kaltfiltriertem bier - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von kaltfiltriertem bierInfo
- Publication number
- EP0920489A1 EP0920489A1 EP98918966A EP98918966A EP0920489A1 EP 0920489 A1 EP0920489 A1 EP 0920489A1 EP 98918966 A EP98918966 A EP 98918966A EP 98918966 A EP98918966 A EP 98918966A EP 0920489 A1 EP0920489 A1 EP 0920489A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- beer
- filtered
- filter
- calcium ions
- membrane filter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12H—PASTEURISATION, STERILISATION, PRESERVATION, PURIFICATION, CLARIFICATION OR AGEING OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; METHODS FOR ALTERING THE ALCOHOL CONTENT OF FERMENTED SOLUTIONS OR ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
- C12H1/00—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12H—PASTEURISATION, STERILISATION, PRESERVATION, PURIFICATION, CLARIFICATION OR AGEING OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; METHODS FOR ALTERING THE ALCOHOL CONTENT OF FERMENTED SOLUTIONS OR ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
- C12H1/00—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages
- C12H1/02—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages combined with removal of precipitate or added materials, e.g. adsorption material
- C12H1/06—Precipitation by physical means, e.g. by irradiation, vibrations
- C12H1/063—Separation by filtration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/16—Use of chemical agents
- B01D2321/162—Use of acids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/16—Use of chemical agents
- B01D2321/164—Use of bases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/16—Use of chemical agents
- B01D2321/168—Use of other chemical agents
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for producing cold-filtered beer, in which beer is filtered through a membrane filter which can absorb calcium ions and is cleaned and rinsed after filtration with aqueous media, after which the cleaned and rinsed membrane filter is used for renewed filtration.
- beer Due to the long distribution channels, beer has to be sterilized in order to make it storable.
- beer is primarily pasteurized for disinfection.
- the beer e.g. bottled or canned, heated to a temperature between 62 and 68 ° C, which kills the germs.
- Pasteurization is energy-intensive. It also has the disadvantage that the energy supplied can trigger chemical reactions which impair the product and are difficult to control. These reactions can e.g. the taste of the product can be adversely changed (“pasteurized taste"), and there is also the risk that undesirable substances will form. Pasteurization is thus a relatively expensive, energy-consuming and therefore environmentally polluting and quality-reducing disinfection process.
- Cold filtration through membrane filters is known as a further disinfection method.
- Cold-filtered beers are offered, for example, in the USA, Japan and Korea as so-called “draft beers". These beers are banned in Europe because they contain technical enzymes. These technical enzymes counteract a disadvantage of cold filtration that is inherent in this technology: the rapid blocking of the filter. This blocking is due to deposits of the substances to be filtered from the beer on the upstream side of the membrane filter. The deposits can be difficult or impossible to remove from the filter and reduce the service life of the filter. This makes beer production more expensive because membrane filters are expensive.
- the manufacturers of membrane filters recommend cleaning the used membranes by treating them with proteases, glucanases and xylanases, as well as with chemicals such as surfactants, acids / bases and with oxidizing agents, so that they can be used again.
- This cleaning can take place, for example, in two stages, in a first stage using the enzymes mentioned and then optionally additionally using the chemicals mentioned.
- An exemplary cleaning procedure provides, for example, with a filter area of approximately 320 m 2 after a filtration quantity of 5000 hectoliters (hl) in each case an enzymatic cleaning and after every 20,000 hl an additional chemical cleaning.
- the typical service life of filters cleaned in this way with the mentioned filter area of approximately 320 m 2 is approximately 100,000 hectoliters (hl).
- gushing promoters are low molecular weight compounds, e.g. Fatty acids, bitter bitter substances, polypeptides, oxalic acid and substances from a mold attack. It is also known that membrane filtration can reduce the tendency to Gushing. However, membrane filters with different pore sizes lead to different results.
- the Gushing tendency is particularly pronounced in beers that are filtered through certain freshly cleaned membrane filters. This is particularly pronounced in membrane filters that are at least partially made of polyamide. It is therefore the object of the invention to provide a process for the production of cold-filtered beer, in which process it is filtered through membrane filters, and nevertheless the gushing tendency of beer which is filtered immediately after a cleaning procedure is at least reduced.
- the inventive method for the production of cold-filtered beer wherein beer is filtered through a membrane filter, which can absorb calcium ions and is cleaned and rinsed after filtration with aqueous media, after which the cleaned and rinsed membrane filter is used for renewed filtration, is characterized in that Rinsing an acidic aqueous medium is used, which has a pH of less than 5.0, or that the medium used for rinsing is subjected to a treatment to reduce the content of calcium ions.
- the invention is based on the knowledge that the Gushing tendency is particularly pronounced when the beer is filtered through a membrane filter which can absorb calcium ions. This is the case, for example, if the filter consists at least partially of polyamide.
- such a filter is rinsed with an aqueous medium, for example tap water, which contains calcium ions, they take it up, so that the filter is loaded with calcium ions. If such a filter loaded with calcium ions is now used to filter beer again, these calcium ions are released again by the filter at the beginning of the filtration due to the acidic pH of the beer to be filtered. These calcium ions thus get into the beer.
- the applicant assumes that the calcium ions released form, with carboxylate anions present in the beer, for example oxalate, fine crystals which act as nuclei for the formation of CO gas bubbles.
- the acidic rinse according to the invention thus serves to rinse off the calcium ions absorbed by the membrane filter during the cleaning procedure.
- the acidic rinse according to the invention is unnecessary.
- the beer which is filtered through a freshly cleaned filter, has no tendency to gushing.
- the acidic aqueous medium expediently has a pH of less than 4.5, advantageously between 3.0 and 4.0 and in particular less than 3.5.
- An organic acid, in particular lactic acid, is expediently used to adjust the pH.
- the invention further relates to a process for the production of cold-filtered beer, the beer produced from malt, hops and water being subjected to membrane filtration, and is characterized in that water is used for the production of beer, which treatment for reducing the content of calcium ions is subjected.
- the invention can be applied to all membrane filters that bind calcium ions. That is e.g. the case with a membrane filter, which at least partially consists of polyamide.
- the polymer is believed to have free carboxylate groups or similar reactive groups that can bind calcium ions.
- a polyamide membrane filter commonly used in the prior art was used for membrane filtration. After filtration, the filter was first cleaned enzymatically and then chemically as follows:
- the blocked filter was washed for 1 hour with a 1% aqueous solution of a mixture of ⁇ -glucanases and xylanases (P3-Ultrasil 65; manufacturer: Henkel) with a pH of 5 (adjusted using a 0.05% aqueous solution a mixture of surfactants and an acidic component (P3-Ultrasil 75; manufacturer: Henkel) at a temperature of 50 ° C. This treatment was then carried out again.
- P3-Ultrasil 65 1% aqueous solution of a mixture of ⁇ -glucanases and xylanases
- P3-Ultrasil 75 an acidic component
- the filter was treated with a 0.5% aqueous solution of a mixture of surfactants, glucanases and proteases (P3-Ultrasil 62; manufacturer: Henkel) with a pH of 9-9.5 (adjusted by means of a 0.15% aqueous solution Solution to one Mixtures of surfactants and an alkaline component (P3-Ultrasil 91; manufacturer: Henkel) treated at a temperature of 50 ° C for 3 hours and then rinsed with warm tap water (50 ° C).
- P3-Ultrasil 62 a mixture of surfactants, glucanases and proteases
- the filter was treated with a 1% aqueous solution of a mixture of surfactants and an acidic component (P3-Ultrasil 75; manufacturer: Henkel) at 60 ° C. for 30 minutes and then rinsed with fresh tap water.
- the filter was then added with an aqueous solution containing 1% of a mixture of surfactants and an alkaline component (P3-Ultrasil 91; manufacturer: Henkel) and 1% of a mixture of surfactants and an oxygen donor (P3-Ultrasil 05; manufacturer: Henkel) treated at a temperature of 60 ° C for 30 minutes and then rinsed with fresh tap water.
- the filter was treated once more with a 0.5% aqueous solution of a mixture of surfactants and an acidic component (P3-Ultrasil 75; manufacturer: Henkel) for 30 minutes and then rinsed with fresh tap water until the rinse water has reached the electrical conductivity of fresh water.
- a mixture of surfactants and an acidic component P3-Ultrasil 75; manufacturer: Henkel
- the water used to clean and rinse the used membrane filter was not decalcified tap water.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Distillation Of Fermentation Liquor, Processing Of Alcohols, Vinegar And Beer (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT0081797A AT405291B (de) | 1997-05-13 | 1997-05-13 | Verfahren zur herstellung von kaltfiltriertem bier |
AT81797 | 1997-05-13 | ||
PCT/AT1998/000125 WO1998051776A1 (de) | 1997-05-13 | 1998-05-13 | Verfahren zur herstellung von kaltfiltriertem bier |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0920489A1 true EP0920489A1 (de) | 1999-06-09 |
Family
ID=3500432
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98918966A Withdrawn EP0920489A1 (de) | 1997-05-13 | 1998-05-13 | Verfahren zur herstellung von kaltfiltriertem bier |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0920489A1 (id) |
JP (1) | JP2000515026A (id) |
KR (1) | KR20000023736A (id) |
CN (1) | CN1230985A (id) |
AT (1) | AT405291B (id) |
BG (1) | BG103059A (id) |
BR (1) | BR9804908A (id) |
HU (1) | HUP0100325A3 (id) |
ID (1) | ID21517A (id) |
PL (1) | PL331218A1 (id) |
SI (1) | SI9820005A (id) |
TR (1) | TR199900060T1 (id) |
WO (1) | WO1998051776A1 (id) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CZ302041B6 (cs) * | 2009-02-25 | 2010-09-15 | Výzkumný ústav pivovarský a sladarský, a. s. | Zpusob stanovení konecného prepenování baleného piva vlivem jecmene |
CZ308152B6 (cs) * | 2018-10-23 | 2020-01-22 | Výzkumný ústav pivovarský a sladařský, a.s. | Způsob ošetření obiloviny pro přípravu sladu a/nebo z ní připraveného sladu pro snížení přepěňovacího potenciálu sladu |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS51125958A (en) * | 1974-11-19 | 1976-11-02 | Ebara Infilco Co Ltd | Method for removing membrane- contaminating matters |
US4357254A (en) * | 1981-01-12 | 1982-11-02 | Chemical Sciences, Inc. | Cleaning composition |
FR2660211A1 (fr) * | 1990-03-27 | 1991-10-04 | Ceramiques Tech Soc D | Procede de nettoyage de membranes semi-permeables. |
US5230804A (en) * | 1991-03-19 | 1993-07-27 | Hoechst Ag | Process for separating catalysts from suspensions by filtration |
US5277819A (en) * | 1992-06-03 | 1994-01-11 | Pall Corporation | Cold draft beer filter membrane cleaning process |
DE4401456A1 (de) * | 1994-01-19 | 1995-07-20 | Wissenschaftsfoerderung Der De | Verfahren zum Klären von Bier mit Hilfe der Crossflow-Mikrofiltration |
DE19503060A1 (de) * | 1995-02-01 | 1996-08-08 | Henkel Ecolab Gmbh & Co Ohg | Reinigungsverfahren für Membranfilter |
JPH09262444A (ja) * | 1996-03-29 | 1997-10-07 | Toray Ind Inc | 膜モジュールの洗浄方法 |
-
1997
- 1997-05-13 AT AT0081797A patent/AT405291B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-05-13 SI SI9820005A patent/SI9820005A/sl unknown
- 1998-05-13 EP EP98918966A patent/EP0920489A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-05-13 TR TR1999/00060T patent/TR199900060T1/xx unknown
- 1998-05-13 PL PL98331218A patent/PL331218A1/xx unknown
- 1998-05-13 JP JP10548605A patent/JP2000515026A/ja active Pending
- 1998-05-13 WO PCT/AT1998/000125 patent/WO1998051776A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-05-13 CN CN98800965A patent/CN1230985A/zh active Pending
- 1998-05-13 BR BR9804908-9A patent/BR9804908A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-05-13 ID IDW990007A patent/ID21517A/id unknown
- 1998-05-13 HU HU0100325A patent/HUP0100325A3/hu unknown
-
1999
- 1999-01-07 BG BG103059A patent/BG103059A/xx unknown
- 1999-01-12 KR KR1019997000200A patent/KR20000023736A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9851776A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TR199900060T1 (xx) | 1999-07-21 |
SI9820005A (sl) | 1999-08-31 |
ATA81797A (de) | 1998-11-15 |
JP2000515026A (ja) | 2000-11-14 |
HUP0100325A3 (en) | 2003-03-28 |
ID21517A (id) | 1999-06-24 |
KR20000023736A (ko) | 2000-04-25 |
WO1998051776A1 (de) | 1998-11-19 |
AT405291B (de) | 1999-06-25 |
BG103059A (en) | 1999-09-30 |
CN1230985A (zh) | 1999-10-06 |
PL331218A1 (en) | 1999-07-05 |
BR9804908A (pt) | 2000-01-25 |
HUP0100325A2 (hu) | 2001-05-28 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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AK | Designated contracting states |
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17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19990519 |
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17Q | First examination report despatched |
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GRAL | Information related to payment of fee for publishing/printing deleted |
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STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20031201 |