Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
  • E04H7/00—Construction or assembling of bulk storage containers employing civil engineering techniques in situ or off the site
  • E04H7/22—Containers for fluent solids, e.g. silos, bunkers; Supports therefor
  • E04H7/24—Constructions, with or without perforated walls, depending on the use of specified materials
  • E04H7/30—Constructions, with or without perforated walls, depending on the use of specified materials mainly of metal
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D88/00—Large containers
  • B65D88/02—Large containers rigid
  • B65D88/10—Large containers rigid parallelepipedic
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
  • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
  • B65D90/02—Wall construction
  • B65D90/08—Interconnections of wall parts; Sealing means therefor

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method of constructing a wall formed of a succession of juxtaposed formats of sheet metal sheets stretched over a framework or a frame, as well as to the wall and to the container or envelope thus obtained. .
• the silos placed inside buildings are often made from a frame or a frame providing the general shape of the silo, frame on which is mounted a covering in sheet metal.
• the covering of the silo constitutes the inner wall itself, in direct contact with the material or the stored products.
• this covering is fixed to the frame or the frame by conventional means such as screws, rivets or the like, knowing that the inside face of the covering must be as smooth as possible.
• this method of construction it also proves necessary to provide at the places most exposed to shocks or in areas with a large gap between two successive framework elements, local lateral and longitudinal reinforcements in the form of stiffening beams.
• One of these aspects concerns the edges of the sheet metal sheets which constitute discontinuities of the interior surface of the silo by transverse edges.
• the products housed in the silo, directly in contact with these discontinuities may, depending on their nature, be damaged or possibly be retained by these edges or in the vicinity of these.
• These discontinuities on the inside of the silo also have the disadvantage of marking the stored products when they are made of a flexible material which is sufficiently deformable. This problem thus frequently occurs when storing, for example, plastic bottles which, for at least some of them, often come out of the silo marked with unsightly streaks or lines resulting from their contact and friction with the edges of the sheets of sheet metal.
• This drawback representing a defect in appearance for consumers is considered serious enough that this type of silo is not retained by some producers of drinks sold in transparent plastic bottles.
• the second aspect relates to the possible formation of linear passages between two formats of successive sheet overlapping, and more generally the sealing of such constructive assemblies which frequently proves to be insufficient due to the numerous possibilities of air and dust entry.
• this type of silo proves to be unsuitable for the storage of bulk materials, especially food materials.
• the aim of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks and to this end provides a method for constituting a wall mounted on a frame or a framework, for example the wall of a silo container or more generally the envelope of any volume from the juxtaposition of successive sheet metal sheet formats.
• the invention relates to all the walls made of sheet metal sheets, in particular stainless steel sheet, plastic or other material or material. Mention may be made for this purpose of partition walls, door walls, protective walls and insulation walls, but also roof walls, non-planar walls, claddings, cladding, shielding or other covers or protections. .
• each sheet sheet are conformed by folding according to a receiving and wedging profile, a rectilinear channel for receiving the longitudinal edges is produced at the time of making the frame. of each sheet, and there is formed in this channel, on either side thereof and at longitudinal intervals over the entire length of the sheets, holding zones on which the two longitudinal edges opposite two adjacent sheets are forced laterally against each other by pushing means, bringing lateral tension to the sheet metal sheets, these pushing means retracting between an active position for holding the sheets, and an erased inoperative position in which said edges of the sheets are no longer contiguous.
• Means providing longitudinal tension are also provided when necessary.
• the present invention also relates to a wall or an external envelope obtained by the implementation of the above process, wall or envelope made up of formats juxtaposed of sheet metal sheets covering a frame or a frame formed by assembled horizontal or vertical elements. between them, characterized in that the longitudinal edges of each sheet of sheet are shaped into receiving and wedging structures, in that the framework has rectilinear channels for receiving the longitudinal edges opposite two adjacent sheets, the channels for receiving comprising holding zones by lateral support one against the other of the two facing edges under the effect of antagonistic and erasable means of thrust, and in that the longitudinal edges are forced and pressed laterally one against the other by these means.
• Longitudinal tensioning means are also provided for thin sheets.
• the present invention also relates to a more elaborate or extended object or product such as for example a silo and more generally a container, a shelter, a building or other embodiments using a frame and a roofing.
• a more elaborate or extended object or product such as for example a silo and more generally a container, a shelter, a building or other embodiments using a frame and a roofing.
• the present invention makes it possible to avoid the presence of transverse edges in particular projecting from the internal surface of the silo, and therefore the corresponding risks of retention and marking of the products contained in the silo.
• the sheet is neither pierced nor abruptly interrupted.
• the edges are joined in the same plane than that of sheet metal; . the total absence of joints avoids bacteriological contamination; . in the case of a silo, the relative tightness makes it possible to target numerous applications, in particular pressurized silos; . the relative tightness can be reinforced by longitudinal edges with single or multiple recessed shapes; . the permanent lateral tension of the sheet associated with a longitudinal tension if necessary ensures sufficient rigidity and therefore the possibility of using sheets of thin sheet metal and avoiding the use of added stiffeners, spot welded or screwed .
• the invention finds its full value in the significant reduction in the cost of the labor necessary for the construction of a wall, of an envelope or of an assembly formed on the basis of walls for example but not limitatively of a silo due to the reduced assembly time and the possibility of employing unskilled labor.
• Figure 1 is a perspective view of a side surface wall portion of the silo; .
• Figure 2 is a perspective view of an exemplary corner area; .
• Figure 3 is a perspective view of a holding area showing from the rear the two opposite thrust means; FIG.
• FIG. 4 is a perspective view from the front of a part of a framework element showing the rectilinear receiving channel serving as housing for the longitudinal edges of two juxtaposed sheet metal sheets;
• Figure 5 is a detailed perspective view of the junction of three sections forming a receiving area;
• Figure 6 is a detailed perspective view of a pinch-hold lock;
• Figure 7 is a detail view of a pushing means mounted on a holding zone with sheet metal sheet in place;
• Figure 8 is a perspective view illustrating the spacing of the two edges with a tool;
• Figures 9 and 10 are schematic views illustrating respectively the washing by injection of hot water or steam using a cannula and the effect of linear vents provided by the edges forming air outlets in the case of '' a pressurized silo;
• Figures 11 to 13 are diagrams illustrating the different possible forms of the movable latch parts;
• Figures 14 to 17 are diagrams illustrating the different receiving shapes of the longitudinal edges of the sheet metal sheets;
• FIG. 18 is a general perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a silo showing its general conformation and, on breakage, an interior part of the silo;
• FIG. 19 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of the upper part of the silo with a representation of a fraction on its current lateral surface;
• FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing an intermediate transverse partition wall and its connection on the adjacent side wall; .
• Figures 21 to 23 are cross sections on connection first between wall and lateral surface and then respectively between a horizontal bottom and an adjacent wall, and between an inclined bottom and an adjacent wall.
• the present invention relates generally to a silo formed from sheet metal sheets juxtaposed and immobilized on a frame or an external frame and to its construction method.
• this invention we will first describe the constitution of a wall and this wall with a smooth internal face from an external framework and sheet metal sheets mounted juxtaposed and immobilized by pinching on this framework in several places on their entire height with lateral tension supplemented if necessary by a longitudinal tension.
• a frame intended for example to constitute the frame 1 of a silo or other closed storage volume is constructed from beams such as 2 and 3 and vertical profiles or studs such as 4 joined together by welding or assembled by mechanical means.
• the longitudinal edges 9 and 10 facing two adjacent sheets of sheet are profiled in homologous and juxtaposed receiving shapes 13 and 14 which will allow them to be wedged-immobilized by the pushing means 11 and 12 acting as a thrust antagonist reminder .
• these longitudinal edges 9, 10 can be shaped in different ways as will be seen in detail later.
• these receiving shapes 13 and 14 are in the form of longitudinal wings such as 15 each formed by a support plane 16 obtained by bending the edge of the sheet followed by a wedging return 17 also obtained by folding square, but perpendicular to the support plane.
• each transverse holding zone 8 with the pushing means 11 and 12 produced according to the preferred variant in the form of immobilizing means which can be erased for example by retraction and mounted in thrust return towards the receiving form 13 or 14 which surrounds their front end.
• each transverse holding zone 8 of two longitudinal edges 9 and 10 to be joined by pinch support two movable holding parts 18 and 19 of the pushing means 11 and 12 mounted in elastic thrust return one towards the other. More particularly, these holding zones 8 are provided in and along each vertical receiving channel, the bottom of which is delimited by a vertical profile 4. This channel 7 forms a housing for the two longitudinal edges 9 and 10 opposite two sheets adjacent 5 and 6.
• the transverse holding zones 8 are provided at vertical intervals and are each equipped with one of the two pushing means 11 or 12 in the form of two locks arranged opposite one another, the parts of which mobile 18 and 19 fulfilling the function of erasable bolts, are mounted in thrust return towards each other to force the support planes 16 of the two adjacent longitudinal edges in contact against each other and thus provide a relative minimum tightness.
• FIG. 10 illustrates by arrows the passage of air between the contiguous edges thus making it possible to produce the air outlets necessary in the case of a container, for example, a pressurized silo.
• This relative tightness can be improved by conforming the support planes 16 according to complementary shapes by punching, profiling or any other technique of deformation of the metal hot or cold.
• They can be complementary "U” shapes (figure 14) in "V” shape (figure 15) or in "C” shape, simple (figure 16) or double (figure 17) or other shape adapted by simplification or duplication or multiplication of the indicated forms or any other appropriate form.
• the movable holding parts 18, 19 each play the role of a latch bolt without blocking movement.
• Each bolt constituting a movable part 18 or 19 is, for example, of generally parallelepipedal shape with a front pushing front 20 of different shapes, for example straight and flat with or without recess 21 or beveled 22 or with a flat 23, for example central or any other suitable shape as shown in FIGS. 11 to 13.
• the rear face of these thrust pieces is extended by a shank 24 in the form of a rod on which is threaded a helical spring 25 locked d 'one side by the rear front 26 of the bolt and the other by a fixing-holding tab 27 fixed to the body of the adjacent side member 2 or 3 of frame.
• the retaining tab 27 is through for the rod 24 which protrudes from its passage, even in the fully extended position of the bolt.
• the stroke of the bolt is preferably limited in the extended state of the spring by a lateral stop (not shown).
• each bolt is guided in translation by three successive adjacent walls of the adjacent spar 2,3 of frame delimiting with the adjacent vertical profile an opening 28 for the exit of the bolt.
• the thrust means for the bolt, for its housing, for making the passage opening 28 or for making up the zones holding.
• FIG. 9 schematically shows by arrows and lines in broken lines the slight bulging 29 of the sheets when they are not stretched laterally, that is to say when the adjacent longitudinal edges 9 and 10 are not contiguous.
• This figure also shows the possible intromission of a cleaning cannula 30 between the two edges previously spaced apart using a tool 31, for example with a flat end 32 (FIG. 8).
• the method of mounting a wall or the like consists firstly in forming and conforming longitudinal edges in a sheet metal format in the form of sheets 5, 6 whose length is preferably the height of the final object and somewhere else to build a frame or a frame 1 from longitudinal beams 2,3 and vertical profiles 4 by providing at longitudinal and transverse intervals holding zones 8 along the receiving channels 7 forming a housing for the longitudinal edges 9,10 of the sheets of sheet metal, holding zones 8 in which the facing edges of the sheet metal sheets are applied against one another by opposite support forces directed both towards the support plane of the corresponding edge and towards each other by pushing means 11,12.
• these forces are elastic restoring forces in a push-contact position of the longitudinal edges 9, 10 of each sheet sheet 5, 6 one against the other.
• the longitudinal edges 9, 10 of the sheet of metal are conformed by bending at right angles on a support plane 16 followed by a wedging return 17 also by bending at angles.
• This receiving form is mounted on each moving part 18,19 of the thrust means 11,12, then the adjacent receiving form is then mounted in the same way on the opposite moving part.
• each sheet of sheet is thus ensured by pinching from one edge 9 to the other 10 at regular or irregular intervals, over its entire length, but close enough to obtain the holding effect by lateral tension. and stiffening sought.
• a tensile force is generated by specific means not shown, which provides a longitudinal tension which, associated with the lateral tension, makes it possible to give the thin sheets the necessary rigidity.
• This technique makes it possible to use thinner sheets of sheet metal because the lateral tension originating from the thrust forces in the holding zones provides sufficient rigidity for maintaining the content, for example of a silo or withstanding any other thrust on a wall. in normal use.
• the method according to the invention gives an exceptional speed of assembly-disassembly of a wall or the like which can be carried out by unqualified personnel.
• the total cost of labor for building a wall or the like is reduced to a much lower amount by reducing the hourly rate and the total time required for assembly.
• a container of the silo type constituting a typical example of application of the invention will now be described more particularly with reference to FIGS. 18, 19 and 20.
• the silo has a lateral surface 33 which is made up of longitudinal walls 34 and transverse walls 35 each formed of a lateral succession in juxtaposition of sheet metal sheets whose longitudinal edges are shaped according to the shapes indicated above.
• This constitution is that common to the walls forming the lateral surface 33, but also the constitution of the bottom 37 and of the upper cover structure 38 which will now be examined.
• the upper cover structure 38 is shown in detail in FIG. 19.
• This network 39 is formed of a network 39 of upper side members 40 and upper cross members 41 forming a horizontal frame on which is mounted on the underside the juxtaposition of sheet metal sheets with folded longitudinal edges held by the latches provided for the side surface walls. .
• This network 39 is connected to the upper part of the walls 34 and 35 of lateral surface as follows.
• the upper edge 42 of each side surface wall is formed by the succession of upper faces of the horizontal sections and of the ends of the studs delimiting between them the receiving channels 7.
• the upper edges 42 of the longitudinal walls 34 of side surface are closed by a flat tube section 43 disposed flat also forming a mechanical and cleanliness border.
• This edge profile 43 is secured to the upper spar 40 adjacent to the upper cover structure 38 appearing in FIGS. 18 and 19.
• junction connection to the edge of two consecutive lateral surface walls is made in accordance with FIG. 21 around a corner post 36 flanked on each of its lateral surfaces on the interior side by vertical tubular support profiles 44 and 45, the length of which, laid flat, is less than the sides of the corner post 36 so as to each provide a space 46 adapted for the setting support of the longitudinal edge 9 or 10 of each sheet of end sheet side wall.
• This structure is symmetrical with respect to the corner post 36.
• the bottom 37 of the silo has a horizontal 47 or inclined 48 wall.
• the junctions for connecting this bottom are made in a different manner depending on whether it is a horizontal bottom (FIG. 22) or an inclined bottom ( figure 23).
• connection of the bottom 37 with a profile of the lower edge 49 is carried out in an identical manner to the connection with the corner post 36 with pinching of the lower edge of the adjacent vertical sheet by the longitudinal edge 9,10 of the backsheet against the edge profile.
• a tubular profile 45 provides a space 46 as in the case of the connection to a corner post 36.
• connection in the case of an inclined bottom 48 is carried out in a more complex manner.
• the lower edge 49 is produced by two sections 50 and 51 forming an inverted L-shaped section.
• the wall 48 of the inclined bottom is wedged at an angle against the vertical profile 51 of the lower edge 49 using an annex end support 52 of the open angle angle type secured to the edge profile 49 of the wall of background.
• the sheet metal sheets of the adjacent side wall and of the inclined wall 48 at the bottom come into sealing contact at their ends.
• the invention provides an additional means for creating a longitudinal tension of the sheet metal sheets. This need is felt more particularly in the case of thinner sheets.
• This tensioning or stiffening exists in the case of a partition wall 54 of the silo shown in FIG. 20.
• This partition wall 54 is formed by the lateral succession of several sheets of sheet metal 55.56 with longitudinal edges 57.58 folded and nested one inside the other so as to form a flat vertical longitudinal housing 59 occupied by a metal core or filler 60 in the form of a flat iron fulfilling the function of stiffener or stiffener.
• Each stiffener 60 causes the sheet metal sheet to be tensioned by a traction means.
• This traction means can be produced, for example, in the form of threaded traction rods 61 which each pass through a connecting support 62 joining at intervals the two beams 63 and 64 of a transverse spar disposed above the transverse partition 54.
• the lower end of each threaded rod is secured to the upper end of each stiffener 60.
• On the body of the threaded rod is provided a nut-washer assembly 65 which bears on the upper face of the transverse connecting support 62 crossed by the threaded rod 61 to give rise to a vertical tensioning force adjustable by the position of the nut.
• each stiffener 60 is immobilized relative to the latter by means of two bolts or screws 66,67 with a milled end.
• This tensioning means associated with each stiffener 60 is shown in the case of a partition wall 54. It is understood that it can also be used for the longitudinal 34 and transverse walls 35 of the lateral surface of the silo.
• connection of the partition wall 54 with the lateral surface is carried out as follows.
• the longitudinal edges of the end sheets are folded and held at an assembly junction 68 of the side surface.
• the extra thickness represented by the folded fold 69 of the vertical edge of the sheet 55 is housed between two studs 4 placed opposite.
• the sheet of end sheet 55 of the partition wall 54 passes between the two opposite longitudinal edges 9 and 10 of two adjacent sheet sheets of lateral surface and is held by pinching-immobilization between these edges due to the opposing forces from the means of pushing. Maintaining the wall is improved by the presence of an oblique lower edge 70 formed of two parallel tubular sections 71 and 72 between which the sheet is pinched by means of approximation and tightening, for example bolts (not shown).
• the method of constituting and building a silo consists, on the one hand, in constructing from horizontal beams 2, 3 and framework posts 4, an external framework or frame 1 while respecting the distances between the ends of the horizontal beams to create receiving channels 7 intended to form a housing for the longitudinal edges 9, 10 of the sheet metal sheets and on the other hand to place the latches of the pushing means 11 and 12 and to put the sheet metal sheets in place.
• the length of these is chosen at least equal to the height of the side surface walls.
• connections are then made at the corner posts 36 and the lower connections between the side surface walls and the bottom wall.
• the upper perimeter edge is laid by a flat tubular profile above the upper edge 42 of the longitudinal side walls 34.
• the upper cover structure 38 of the same way as the lateral surface walls and the sheet metal sheets are placed there and then immobilized using the push latches.
• a partition 54 is mounted without vertical posts, but using stiffeners 60 connected to an upper beam 63, 64 by means of tensioning the sheet metal sheets.
• the longitudinal edges 9, 10 of the latter are conformed by bending at right angles along a support plane 16 followed by a return 17 for wedging also by bending at right angles.
• This receiving form is mounted on each movable part 18, 19 of the locks, then the adjacent receiving form is then mounted in the same way on the opposite moving part.
• each sheet of sheet is thus ensured by pinching from one edge 9 to the other 10 at regular or irregular intervals, on its entire length, but close enough to obtain, by lateral tension, the desired holding and stiffening effect.
• a specific tensile force is produced by specific means, an example of which applied to a partition wall, providing a longitudinal tension which, associated with the lateral tension, makes it possible to give the thin sheets the rigidity. necessary.
• This technique makes it possible to use thinner sheets of sheet metal since the lateral tension originating from the pushing forces of the locks in the holding zones provides sufficient rigidity for maintaining the content of the silo.
• the method according to the invention gives an exceptional speed of assembly-disassembly of a silo which can be executed by unqualified personnel.
• the total cost of labor for the construction and assembly of the silo is significantly reduced by the gain in duration and the possible use of unqualified personnel.
• technical assistance with assembly can be limited to a very detailed manual.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Storage Of Harvested Produce (AREA)
• Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Publications (2)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

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• 1997
  • 1997-04-16 WO PCT/FR1997/000684 patent/WO1997038921A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 1997-04-16 PL PL97329384A patent/PL329384A1/xx unknown
  • 1997-04-16 DE DE69701145T patent/DE69701145T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1997-04-16 US US08/875,854 patent/US5996306A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1997-04-16 AU AU26440/97A patent/AU716713B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1997-04-16 ES ES97918241T patent/ES2142673T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-04-16 CA CA002252007A patent/CA2252007A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 1997-04-16 EP EP97918241A patent/EP0907587B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1998
  • 1998-10-16 NO NO984855A patent/NO984855L/no not_active Application Discontinuation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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