EP0902954A1 - Condensateur multicouche a film mince - Google Patents
Condensateur multicouche a film minceInfo
- Publication number
- EP0902954A1 EP0902954A1 EP97925839A EP97925839A EP0902954A1 EP 0902954 A1 EP0902954 A1 EP 0902954A1 EP 97925839 A EP97925839 A EP 97925839A EP 97925839 A EP97925839 A EP 97925839A EP 0902954 A1 EP0902954 A1 EP 0902954A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- electrode
- layers
- capacitor
- dielectric
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 89
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003631 wet chemical etching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 115
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000866 electrolytic etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019899 RuO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005566 electron beam evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002488 metal-organic chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000427 thin-film deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G4/30—Stacked capacitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G4/30—Stacked capacitors
- H01G4/306—Stacked capacitors made by thin film techniques
Definitions
- Known multilayer capacitors are ceramic components in which electrode layers and thin ceramic layers are alternately arranged one above the other. One ceramic layer each with the two adjacent electrode layers forms an individual capacitor. The individual capacitors are electrically connected in parallel by appropriate contacting of the electrode layers.
- "wet" processes are used, for example green films being produced with the aid of a slip or a sol-gel process and then printed with electrode material. Stacking such printed green films and sintering together results in compact components obtained, which are provided with electrical connections in a last process step.
- the number of individual capacitors that is to say the number of layers of the multilayer capacitor, can be increased.
- Multilayer capacitors with a high capacitance in the range of a few ⁇ F can, however, only be realized in this way with a high manufacturing outlay.
- electrolytic capacitors can be realized with such high capacities in the range of a few ⁇ F, but often have unsatisfactory electrical properties.
- electrolytic capacitors can be improved with regard to the frequency response, the switching current behavior (internal resistance), the leakage current and the temperature range in which they can be used.
- this object is achieved by a multilayer capacitor according to claim 1.
- Preferred embodiments of the invention and a method for producing the multilayer capacitor can be found in further claims.
- the multilayer capacitor comprises a multilayer structure arranged on a substrate, in which electrode layers and dielectric layers are alternately arranged one above the other as a thin layer.
- the electrode layers are alternately connected to a first and a second contact layer, each of which is arranged laterally along the layer structure and approximately vertically to the layer planes.
- the number n of dielectric layers is chosen to be greater than 1 and less than 100. It is preferably 5 to 20 layers.
- the ceramic dielectric layers which are applied using conventional thin-film processes, have a maximum layer thickness of approximately 1 ⁇ m. Compared to known wet-ceramic multilayer capacitors, the dielectric layers of which can be reduced to about 5 ⁇ m in the best case, this means at least a reduction in the layer thickness by a factor of 5. However, with known thin-layer processes, thin layers are already used today of up to 0.1 ⁇ m can be reached reliably and reproducibly, the invention reduces the layer thickness by up to Factor of 50 possible.
- the invention allows the specific capacitance to be increased by up to a factor of 2500 compared to the best known multilayer capacitors.
- the invention therefore saves material compared to known ceramic multilayer capacitors and, compared to all other known capacitors, achieves a considerably flatter design and a significantly smaller space requirement with at least constant capacitance.
- the electrode layers are alternately formed from two different electrode materials, which also have a different oxidation potential.
- This structure is particularly favorable for the production method of the multilayer capacitor, which is also according to the invention, since it avoids complex photolithographic steps for structuring or contacting the electrode layers with the first and second contact layers.
- the dielectric layers of the multilayer capacitor are formed from at least two different dielectric materials.
- the temperature behavior or the temperature characteristic of the electrical values of the multilayer capacitor the so-called temperature response of the capacitor, can be set. Since the temperature behavior, in addition to the absolute level of the capacitor capacitance, is of great importance for the usability of the multilayer capacitor as a component in electrical and electronic circuits, the invention opens up a wide field of application for multilayer capacitors according to the invention dielectric layers to produce a material that would result in poor temperature characteristics in a single-layer capacitor.
- the only decisive factor is the temperature characteristic of the entire multilayer capacitor, which is obtained as a mean value in the parallel connection of single-layer capacitors in the layer structure according to the invention.
- a suitable combination can be used to put together a temperature behavior with minimal changes in the electrical values in the multilayer capacitor from individual dielectric layers which have a large change in their electrical values in a given temperature range.
- the dielectric layers are paraelectric layers, that is to say they include ferroelectric materials.
- the particularly unfavorable temperature behavior of individual ferroelectric or para-electric layers in 1-layer capacitors is particularly advantageously compensated for in the multilayer capacitor according to the invention as just described.
- Ferroelectric layers show a transition from ferroelectric to paraelectric behavior at the Curie temperature. In a capacitor, this causes an extreme change in the electrical properties at the Curie temperature.
- a suitable layer structure therefore has a plurality of ferroelectric materials whose Curie temperatures are evenly distributed over the desired temperature range desired for an application.
- the thin-film processes with which the ferroelectric or dielectric layers of the multilayer capacitor are produced allow a simple variation of the composition in the components which are decisive for the properties.
- the composition of the growing dielectric can be changed by exchanging the targets, by covering target surfaces or more elegantly by changing the power on the targets. see or ferroelectric layers can be varied from layer to layer in a simple manner.
- suitable dielectric layers are all dielectric materials which can be produced using thin-film processes and whose dielectric properties result in the desired overall properties on the basis of known laws and dependencies in the multilayer capacitor.
- the dielectric strength at the given layer thickness compared to a desired threshold voltage is of particular importance.
- Corresponding materials are already used in conventional ceramic multilayer capacitors.
- Capacitor would be unsuitable per se, but could serve to round off its properties in the multilayer capacitor according to the invention.
- the electrode layers comprise electrode materials which survive the relatively high process temperatures up to approximately 600 ° C without damage. Suitable materials are, for example, platinum, iridium, ruthenium, RuO 2, SrRuC> 3 or (LaSr) CoC> 3.
- the electrode layers are also produced using thin-film processes such as CVD or sputtering. Electron beam evaporation is also suitable. Pairs with different oxidation potentials, such as are required in the manufacturing process according to the invention, can be put together from the specified electrode materials.
- the electrode materials consisting of ceramic compounds have the advantage that the oxidation potential can be adjusted particularly easily by varying the composition.
- Figure 1 shows a usable substrate in plan view
- Figure 2 shows a layer structure in cross section
- FIGS. 3 to 9 show different process stages in the manufacture of the electrical circuit according to the invention.
- FIG. 10 shows temperature responses for various ceramic compositions
- Figure 11 shows the temperature response of a multilayer capacitor according to the invention.
- General principle for the production of a multilayer capacitor :
- FIGS 1 and 2 An inexpensive substrate is preferably used, for example Al2O3, silicon or glass. Metallic substrates are also possible.
- the substrate 1 is coated with a conventional adhesion promoter layer 6, which ensures both a homogeneous growth of the first electrode layer E1 and good adhesion thereof.
- a known adhesion promoter layer for glass is, for example, titanium oxide TiO 2.
- the multilayer capacitor is preferably produced on a large-area substrate 1 which, in order to support the subsequent division into the individual capacitors of the desired base area, already has a trench pattern made of grooves or furrows.
- a pattern of horizontal trenches 2 and vertical trenches 4 is shown by way of example in FIG. 1, which divide the substrate surface into rows 3 and columns 5.
- Substrates are preferably used
- Standard formats are used, for example in the 8 '' format, which are well suited for conventional thin-film deposition devices.
- FIG. 2 already shows the complete layer structure using a schematic cross section (see line F2 in FIG. 1) through the substrate 1 parallel to the horizontal trenches 2.
- a layer structure is shown with a first electrode layer E1 made of an electrode material with a first oxidation potential.
- This first electrode layer E1 is preferably formed from such an electrode material which exhibits good adhesion to the substrate 1 or to the adhesion promoter layer 6 and can also be deposited homogeneously and with as flat and smooth a surface as possible.
- a well-suited material for the first electrode layer E1 is, for example, platinum.
- a first dielectric layer D1 was deposited thereover, for example likewise using a thin-film method.
- the second electrode layer E'2 made of a second electrode material which has a second oxidation potential which is lower than the oxidation potential of the first electrode layer E1.
- Well-suited combinations with the first Pt electrode E1 form, for example, IR or (LaSr) C0O3.
- ⁇ S more layers followed by a second dielectric layer D2, which consists of the same material as the first dielectric layer Dl or under ⁇ thereof is different.
- a third electrode layer E3 is produced, which again consists of the first electrode material with the first oxidation potential.
- dielectric layers D and electrode layers E and E ' are arranged one above the other in a correspondingly alternating sequence.
- the upper limit for the number n of the dielectric layers is, on the one hand, the possibly decreasing homogeneity and, on the other hand, the increased process outlay, which is not least reflected in the costs.
- the final layer on the layer structure is a protective layer 7, which in the exemplary embodiment consists of a dielectric material.
- the substrates 1 with the layer structure applied over them are divided along the horizontal trenches 2 into capacitor rows 3.
- Ion beam etching can be used as the removal method to separate the layer structure.
- the substrate however, can be sawn or broken along the vertical trenches 4.
- FIG. 3 shows a further schematic cross section through the layer structure.
- the surface facing upwards in the figure represents a side surface of the layer structure from FIG. 2.
- FIG. 4a shows the layer structure after the etching step, in which a depression 8 is formed in the side surface by removing part of the electrode E'2.
- the side surface can be treated in an electrolyte containing additional metal ions (e.g. electrode material with a higher oxidation potential).
- additional metal ions e.g. electrode material with a higher oxidation potential.
- the electrode material with the lower oxidation potential goes into solution, while a metal deposition 9 takes place over the electrode material with the higher oxidation potential.
- Figure 4b shows the arrangement after this step.
- the depression 8 is filled with insulation material in order to isolate the etched-on electrode layers E'2 from the subsequent electrical contact.
- an insulation layer is preferably applied to the entire surface of the side surface
- Figures 5a and 5b show the arrangement after this step.
- the electrode layers E1 and E3 with the higher oxidation potential are exposed.
- the electrode layer E'2 with the lower oxidation potential is now in the recess 8 with a strip
- a first contact layer 12 is now applied to the surface.
- This can comprise an adhesion promoter layer consisting of chromium and / or nickel, a sputtered diffuser barrier layer made of platinum and also such further electrode layers (for example made of gold) which enable connection by soldering.
- a part of the electrode material is detached from the electrode layers E1 and E3 on the side surface opposite the contact layer 12. This is done in a simple manner by anodically supported electrochemical etching, in which the contact layer 12 is connected to the anode in an electrolytic etching bath.
- Figure 8 shows the arrangement after the electrolytic etching.
- these depressions 13 are now also filled with insulation material 14, the surface of the electrode layer E'2 is exposed by chemical mechanical polishing and electrically connected to a second contact layer 15 deposited thereover.
- the method steps described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 9 can advantageously be carried out simultaneously for several capacitor rows 3.
- several rows of capacitors are preferably stacked on top of one another in such a way that all side surfaces of the rows of capacitors form a common surface.
- the capacitor rows 3 are divided by dividing them along the trenches 4 into the individual multilayer capacitors with the desired base area.
- the composition that is to say by varying the parameters u or x, several different dielectric layers D1 to Dn are realized in the layer structure.
- FIG. 10 uses the BST system (Ba ⁇ _ u Sr u ) Ti ⁇ 3 to show how the temperature response of the value ⁇ r can be changed by varying the parameter u over a temperature range of over 160 ° C. Representative are seven measurement curves for different parameters u, the maxima of which are evenly distributed over the temperature range shown from - 50 to + 110 ° C. The figure is only intended to show an example that a uniform distribution of the maxima is possible.
- Suitable compositions for the desired standard X7R can also be achieved with BST compositions with a different barium / strontium ratio or other material systems.
- BST compositions with a different barium / strontium ratio or other material systems For fine tuning, it is also possible to use different compositions or material systems in the multilayer capacitor, although several layers can also have the same composition.
- the critical temperature range of an individual dielectric layer D is the range in which the greatest relative changes in properties occur. In the case of ferroelectric layers, this critical range is a sharply defined temperature range around the Curie Temperature, in contrast, a relatively broad range around the point of the ferroelectric phase transition in the case of relaxor systems.
- the temperature behavior of the complete multilayer capacitor results to a certain extent as an average or by superimposing the corresponding temperature profiles of the individual dielectric layers and can thus be adjusted to the desired specifications for X7R.
- FIG. 11 shows the temperature response of a multilayer capacitor according to the invention, which fulfills the X7R standard.
- the measurement curve for the temperature response still has the maxima which correspond to the maxima of the measurement curves for the individual layers, only a slight deviation from the mean is observed overall, as is required by the standard.
- the relative capacitance changes ⁇ C / C of the multilayer capacitor may reach values of ⁇ 15 percent between -55 ° and + 125 ° C.
- a multilayer capacitor with the temperature response Y5V can be produced in a simple manner from relaxer materials, it being possible for all the dielectric layers D to consist of the same relaxer material. It can do that in the previous
- the dielectric layers D can also be produced from different relaxation materials, in order to replace a Y5V characteristic of the above-mentioned system PMN-PT with a Z5V
- ⁇ C / C of the multilayer capacitor may not exceed +22% / - 82% for Y5V in the interval from - 30 ° to + 85 ° C, and for Z5V in the interval of + 10 ° to 85 ° C + 22% / -56%.
- the temperature response COG can be realized according to the invention with a multilayer capacitor, the layer structure of which essentially comprises dielectric layers D with low permittivity ⁇ r .
- these are non-ferroelectric materials.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention a pour objet un condensateur multicouche du type à couches minces, de capacité accrue et/ou d'encombrement réduit, dont les couches diélectriques sont disposées en alternance entre des couches d'électrodes sur un substrat. En réalisant une liaison, également en alternance, des couches d'électrodes, on obtient un montage en parallèle des couches individuelles du condensateur. De cette façon, les capacités individuelles s'additionnent, cependant que le comportement à la température peut être optimisé en sélectionnant ou combinant de façon appropriée les différentes couches diélectriques.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19620434 | 1996-05-21 | ||
DE19620434 | 1996-05-21 | ||
PCT/DE1997/000914 WO1997044797A1 (fr) | 1996-05-21 | 1997-05-05 | Condensateur multicouche a film mince |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0902954A1 true EP0902954A1 (fr) | 1999-03-24 |
Family
ID=7794899
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97925839A Ceased EP0902954A1 (fr) | 1996-05-21 | 1997-05-05 | Condensateur multicouche a film mince |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6108191A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0902954A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP3226548B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20000015822A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1219277A (fr) |
BR (1) | BR9709333A (fr) |
UA (1) | UA41477C2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1997044797A1 (fr) |
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1997
- 1997-05-05 KR KR1019980709372A patent/KR20000015822A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-05-05 JP JP54135397A patent/JP3226548B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-05-05 UA UA98116107A patent/UA41477C2/uk unknown
- 1997-05-05 WO PCT/DE1997/000914 patent/WO1997044797A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-05-05 BR BR9709333A patent/BR9709333A/pt unknown
- 1997-05-05 CN CN97194807A patent/CN1219277A/zh active Pending
- 1997-05-05 EP EP97925839A patent/EP0902954A1/fr not_active Ceased
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1998
- 1998-11-23 US US09/197,888 patent/US6108191A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO9744797A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1997044797A1 (fr) | 1997-11-27 |
CN1219277A (zh) | 1999-06-09 |
KR20000015822A (ko) | 2000-03-15 |
UA41477C2 (uk) | 2001-09-17 |
JPH11511906A (ja) | 1999-10-12 |
US6108191A (en) | 2000-08-22 |
BR9709333A (pt) | 1999-08-10 |
JP3226548B2 (ja) | 2001-11-05 |
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