EP0902954A1 - Condensateur multicouche a film mince - Google Patents

Condensateur multicouche a film mince

Info

Publication number
EP0902954A1
EP0902954A1 EP97925839A EP97925839A EP0902954A1 EP 0902954 A1 EP0902954 A1 EP 0902954A1 EP 97925839 A EP97925839 A EP 97925839A EP 97925839 A EP97925839 A EP 97925839A EP 0902954 A1 EP0902954 A1 EP 0902954A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
electrode
layers
capacitor
dielectric
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP97925839A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rainer Bruchhaus
Dana Pitzer
Robert Primig
Wolfram Wersing
Wolfgang HÖNLEIN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Infineon Technologies AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0902954A1 publication Critical patent/EP0902954A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/30Stacked capacitors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/30Stacked capacitors
    • H01G4/306Stacked capacitors made by thin film techniques

Definitions

  • Known multilayer capacitors are ceramic components in which electrode layers and thin ceramic layers are alternately arranged one above the other. One ceramic layer each with the two adjacent electrode layers forms an individual capacitor. The individual capacitors are electrically connected in parallel by appropriate contacting of the electrode layers.
  • "wet" processes are used, for example green films being produced with the aid of a slip or a sol-gel process and then printed with electrode material. Stacking such printed green films and sintering together results in compact components obtained, which are provided with electrical connections in a last process step.
  • the number of individual capacitors that is to say the number of layers of the multilayer capacitor, can be increased.
  • Multilayer capacitors with a high capacitance in the range of a few ⁇ F can, however, only be realized in this way with a high manufacturing outlay.
  • electrolytic capacitors can be realized with such high capacities in the range of a few ⁇ F, but often have unsatisfactory electrical properties.
  • electrolytic capacitors can be improved with regard to the frequency response, the switching current behavior (internal resistance), the leakage current and the temperature range in which they can be used.
  • this object is achieved by a multilayer capacitor according to claim 1.
  • Preferred embodiments of the invention and a method for producing the multilayer capacitor can be found in further claims.
  • the multilayer capacitor comprises a multilayer structure arranged on a substrate, in which electrode layers and dielectric layers are alternately arranged one above the other as a thin layer.
  • the electrode layers are alternately connected to a first and a second contact layer, each of which is arranged laterally along the layer structure and approximately vertically to the layer planes.
  • the number n of dielectric layers is chosen to be greater than 1 and less than 100. It is preferably 5 to 20 layers.
  • the ceramic dielectric layers which are applied using conventional thin-film processes, have a maximum layer thickness of approximately 1 ⁇ m. Compared to known wet-ceramic multilayer capacitors, the dielectric layers of which can be reduced to about 5 ⁇ m in the best case, this means at least a reduction in the layer thickness by a factor of 5. However, with known thin-layer processes, thin layers are already used today of up to 0.1 ⁇ m can be reached reliably and reproducibly, the invention reduces the layer thickness by up to Factor of 50 possible.
  • the invention allows the specific capacitance to be increased by up to a factor of 2500 compared to the best known multilayer capacitors.
  • the invention therefore saves material compared to known ceramic multilayer capacitors and, compared to all other known capacitors, achieves a considerably flatter design and a significantly smaller space requirement with at least constant capacitance.
  • the electrode layers are alternately formed from two different electrode materials, which also have a different oxidation potential.
  • This structure is particularly favorable for the production method of the multilayer capacitor, which is also according to the invention, since it avoids complex photolithographic steps for structuring or contacting the electrode layers with the first and second contact layers.
  • the dielectric layers of the multilayer capacitor are formed from at least two different dielectric materials.
  • the temperature behavior or the temperature characteristic of the electrical values of the multilayer capacitor the so-called temperature response of the capacitor, can be set. Since the temperature behavior, in addition to the absolute level of the capacitor capacitance, is of great importance for the usability of the multilayer capacitor as a component in electrical and electronic circuits, the invention opens up a wide field of application for multilayer capacitors according to the invention dielectric layers to produce a material that would result in poor temperature characteristics in a single-layer capacitor.
  • the only decisive factor is the temperature characteristic of the entire multilayer capacitor, which is obtained as a mean value in the parallel connection of single-layer capacitors in the layer structure according to the invention.
  • a suitable combination can be used to put together a temperature behavior with minimal changes in the electrical values in the multilayer capacitor from individual dielectric layers which have a large change in their electrical values in a given temperature range.
  • the dielectric layers are paraelectric layers, that is to say they include ferroelectric materials.
  • the particularly unfavorable temperature behavior of individual ferroelectric or para-electric layers in 1-layer capacitors is particularly advantageously compensated for in the multilayer capacitor according to the invention as just described.
  • Ferroelectric layers show a transition from ferroelectric to paraelectric behavior at the Curie temperature. In a capacitor, this causes an extreme change in the electrical properties at the Curie temperature.
  • a suitable layer structure therefore has a plurality of ferroelectric materials whose Curie temperatures are evenly distributed over the desired temperature range desired for an application.
  • the thin-film processes with which the ferroelectric or dielectric layers of the multilayer capacitor are produced allow a simple variation of the composition in the components which are decisive for the properties.
  • the composition of the growing dielectric can be changed by exchanging the targets, by covering target surfaces or more elegantly by changing the power on the targets. see or ferroelectric layers can be varied from layer to layer in a simple manner.
  • suitable dielectric layers are all dielectric materials which can be produced using thin-film processes and whose dielectric properties result in the desired overall properties on the basis of known laws and dependencies in the multilayer capacitor.
  • the dielectric strength at the given layer thickness compared to a desired threshold voltage is of particular importance.
  • Corresponding materials are already used in conventional ceramic multilayer capacitors.
  • Capacitor would be unsuitable per se, but could serve to round off its properties in the multilayer capacitor according to the invention.
  • the electrode layers comprise electrode materials which survive the relatively high process temperatures up to approximately 600 ° C without damage. Suitable materials are, for example, platinum, iridium, ruthenium, RuO 2, SrRuC> 3 or (LaSr) CoC> 3.
  • the electrode layers are also produced using thin-film processes such as CVD or sputtering. Electron beam evaporation is also suitable. Pairs with different oxidation potentials, such as are required in the manufacturing process according to the invention, can be put together from the specified electrode materials.
  • the electrode materials consisting of ceramic compounds have the advantage that the oxidation potential can be adjusted particularly easily by varying the composition.
  • Figure 1 shows a usable substrate in plan view
  • Figure 2 shows a layer structure in cross section
  • FIGS. 3 to 9 show different process stages in the manufacture of the electrical circuit according to the invention.
  • FIG. 10 shows temperature responses for various ceramic compositions
  • Figure 11 shows the temperature response of a multilayer capacitor according to the invention.
  • General principle for the production of a multilayer capacitor :
  • FIGS 1 and 2 An inexpensive substrate is preferably used, for example Al2O3, silicon or glass. Metallic substrates are also possible.
  • the substrate 1 is coated with a conventional adhesion promoter layer 6, which ensures both a homogeneous growth of the first electrode layer E1 and good adhesion thereof.
  • a known adhesion promoter layer for glass is, for example, titanium oxide TiO 2.
  • the multilayer capacitor is preferably produced on a large-area substrate 1 which, in order to support the subsequent division into the individual capacitors of the desired base area, already has a trench pattern made of grooves or furrows.
  • a pattern of horizontal trenches 2 and vertical trenches 4 is shown by way of example in FIG. 1, which divide the substrate surface into rows 3 and columns 5.
  • Substrates are preferably used
  • Standard formats are used, for example in the 8 '' format, which are well suited for conventional thin-film deposition devices.
  • FIG. 2 already shows the complete layer structure using a schematic cross section (see line F2 in FIG. 1) through the substrate 1 parallel to the horizontal trenches 2.
  • a layer structure is shown with a first electrode layer E1 made of an electrode material with a first oxidation potential.
  • This first electrode layer E1 is preferably formed from such an electrode material which exhibits good adhesion to the substrate 1 or to the adhesion promoter layer 6 and can also be deposited homogeneously and with as flat and smooth a surface as possible.
  • a well-suited material for the first electrode layer E1 is, for example, platinum.
  • a first dielectric layer D1 was deposited thereover, for example likewise using a thin-film method.
  • the second electrode layer E'2 made of a second electrode material which has a second oxidation potential which is lower than the oxidation potential of the first electrode layer E1.
  • Well-suited combinations with the first Pt electrode E1 form, for example, IR or (LaSr) C0O3.
  • ⁇ S more layers followed by a second dielectric layer D2, which consists of the same material as the first dielectric layer Dl or under ⁇ thereof is different.
  • a third electrode layer E3 is produced, which again consists of the first electrode material with the first oxidation potential.
  • dielectric layers D and electrode layers E and E ' are arranged one above the other in a correspondingly alternating sequence.
  • the upper limit for the number n of the dielectric layers is, on the one hand, the possibly decreasing homogeneity and, on the other hand, the increased process outlay, which is not least reflected in the costs.
  • the final layer on the layer structure is a protective layer 7, which in the exemplary embodiment consists of a dielectric material.
  • the substrates 1 with the layer structure applied over them are divided along the horizontal trenches 2 into capacitor rows 3.
  • Ion beam etching can be used as the removal method to separate the layer structure.
  • the substrate however, can be sawn or broken along the vertical trenches 4.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further schematic cross section through the layer structure.
  • the surface facing upwards in the figure represents a side surface of the layer structure from FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4a shows the layer structure after the etching step, in which a depression 8 is formed in the side surface by removing part of the electrode E'2.
  • the side surface can be treated in an electrolyte containing additional metal ions (e.g. electrode material with a higher oxidation potential).
  • additional metal ions e.g. electrode material with a higher oxidation potential.
  • the electrode material with the lower oxidation potential goes into solution, while a metal deposition 9 takes place over the electrode material with the higher oxidation potential.
  • Figure 4b shows the arrangement after this step.
  • the depression 8 is filled with insulation material in order to isolate the etched-on electrode layers E'2 from the subsequent electrical contact.
  • an insulation layer is preferably applied to the entire surface of the side surface
  • Figures 5a and 5b show the arrangement after this step.
  • the electrode layers E1 and E3 with the higher oxidation potential are exposed.
  • the electrode layer E'2 with the lower oxidation potential is now in the recess 8 with a strip
  • a first contact layer 12 is now applied to the surface.
  • This can comprise an adhesion promoter layer consisting of chromium and / or nickel, a sputtered diffuser barrier layer made of platinum and also such further electrode layers (for example made of gold) which enable connection by soldering.
  • a part of the electrode material is detached from the electrode layers E1 and E3 on the side surface opposite the contact layer 12. This is done in a simple manner by anodically supported electrochemical etching, in which the contact layer 12 is connected to the anode in an electrolytic etching bath.
  • Figure 8 shows the arrangement after the electrolytic etching.
  • these depressions 13 are now also filled with insulation material 14, the surface of the electrode layer E'2 is exposed by chemical mechanical polishing and electrically connected to a second contact layer 15 deposited thereover.
  • the method steps described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 9 can advantageously be carried out simultaneously for several capacitor rows 3.
  • several rows of capacitors are preferably stacked on top of one another in such a way that all side surfaces of the rows of capacitors form a common surface.
  • the capacitor rows 3 are divided by dividing them along the trenches 4 into the individual multilayer capacitors with the desired base area.
  • the composition that is to say by varying the parameters u or x, several different dielectric layers D1 to Dn are realized in the layer structure.
  • FIG. 10 uses the BST system (Ba ⁇ _ u Sr u ) Ti ⁇ 3 to show how the temperature response of the value ⁇ r can be changed by varying the parameter u over a temperature range of over 160 ° C. Representative are seven measurement curves for different parameters u, the maxima of which are evenly distributed over the temperature range shown from - 50 to + 110 ° C. The figure is only intended to show an example that a uniform distribution of the maxima is possible.
  • Suitable compositions for the desired standard X7R can also be achieved with BST compositions with a different barium / strontium ratio or other material systems.
  • BST compositions with a different barium / strontium ratio or other material systems For fine tuning, it is also possible to use different compositions or material systems in the multilayer capacitor, although several layers can also have the same composition.
  • the critical temperature range of an individual dielectric layer D is the range in which the greatest relative changes in properties occur. In the case of ferroelectric layers, this critical range is a sharply defined temperature range around the Curie Temperature, in contrast, a relatively broad range around the point of the ferroelectric phase transition in the case of relaxor systems.
  • the temperature behavior of the complete multilayer capacitor results to a certain extent as an average or by superimposing the corresponding temperature profiles of the individual dielectric layers and can thus be adjusted to the desired specifications for X7R.
  • FIG. 11 shows the temperature response of a multilayer capacitor according to the invention, which fulfills the X7R standard.
  • the measurement curve for the temperature response still has the maxima which correspond to the maxima of the measurement curves for the individual layers, only a slight deviation from the mean is observed overall, as is required by the standard.
  • the relative capacitance changes ⁇ C / C of the multilayer capacitor may reach values of ⁇ 15 percent between -55 ° and + 125 ° C.
  • a multilayer capacitor with the temperature response Y5V can be produced in a simple manner from relaxer materials, it being possible for all the dielectric layers D to consist of the same relaxer material. It can do that in the previous
  • the dielectric layers D can also be produced from different relaxation materials, in order to replace a Y5V characteristic of the above-mentioned system PMN-PT with a Z5V
  • ⁇ C / C of the multilayer capacitor may not exceed +22% / - 82% for Y5V in the interval from - 30 ° to + 85 ° C, and for Z5V in the interval of + 10 ° to 85 ° C + 22% / -56%.
  • the temperature response COG can be realized according to the invention with a multilayer capacitor, the layer structure of which essentially comprises dielectric layers D with low permittivity ⁇ r .
  • these are non-ferroelectric materials.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention a pour objet un condensateur multicouche du type à couches minces, de capacité accrue et/ou d'encombrement réduit, dont les couches diélectriques sont disposées en alternance entre des couches d'électrodes sur un substrat. En réalisant une liaison, également en alternance, des couches d'électrodes, on obtient un montage en parallèle des couches individuelles du condensateur. De cette façon, les capacités individuelles s'additionnent, cependant que le comportement à la température peut être optimisé en sélectionnant ou combinant de façon appropriée les différentes couches diélectriques.
EP97925839A 1996-05-21 1997-05-05 Condensateur multicouche a film mince Ceased EP0902954A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19620434 1996-05-21
DE19620434 1996-05-21
PCT/DE1997/000914 WO1997044797A1 (fr) 1996-05-21 1997-05-05 Condensateur multicouche a film mince

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0902954A1 true EP0902954A1 (fr) 1999-03-24

Family

ID=7794899

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97925839A Ceased EP0902954A1 (fr) 1996-05-21 1997-05-05 Condensateur multicouche a film mince

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6108191A (fr)
EP (1) EP0902954A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3226548B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20000015822A (fr)
CN (1) CN1219277A (fr)
BR (1) BR9709333A (fr)
UA (1) UA41477C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997044797A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1997044797A1 (fr) 1997-11-27
CN1219277A (zh) 1999-06-09
KR20000015822A (ko) 2000-03-15
UA41477C2 (uk) 2001-09-17
JPH11511906A (ja) 1999-10-12
US6108191A (en) 2000-08-22
BR9709333A (pt) 1999-08-10
JP3226548B2 (ja) 2001-11-05

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