EP0858495B1 - Verwendung eines verfahrens zum betreiben einer verbrennungsanlage eines kohlekraftwerkes zur beschleunigung des kohleausbrendes einer schmelzkammer - Google Patents

Verwendung eines verfahrens zum betreiben einer verbrennungsanlage eines kohlekraftwerkes zur beschleunigung des kohleausbrendes einer schmelzkammer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0858495B1
EP0858495B1 EP96929184A EP96929184A EP0858495B1 EP 0858495 B1 EP0858495 B1 EP 0858495B1 EP 96929184 A EP96929184 A EP 96929184A EP 96929184 A EP96929184 A EP 96929184A EP 0858495 B1 EP0858495 B1 EP 0858495B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coal
titanium dioxide
containing material
combustion
use according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96929184A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0858495A1 (de
Inventor
Erich Hums
Horst Spielmann
Ralf Gilgen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Johnson Matthey Catalysts Germany GmbH
Steag Energy Services GmbH
Original Assignee
Steag Encotec GmbH
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Steag Encotec GmbH, Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Steag Encotec GmbH
Publication of EP0858495A1 publication Critical patent/EP0858495A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0858495B1 publication Critical patent/EP0858495B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J7/00—Arrangement of devices for supplying chemicals to fire
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B5/00—Combustion apparatus with arrangements for burning uncombusted material from primary combustion
    • F23B5/02—Combustion apparatus with arrangements for burning uncombusted material from primary combustion in main combustion chamber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S44/00—Fuel and related compositions
    • Y10S44/905—Method involving added catalyst

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the use of a method for operating a combustion plant of a coal-fired power plant with smelting chamber firing.
  • the combustion temperature in the combustion chamber which in this case is also referred to as the melting chamber, is above the melting temperature of the ash. Under normal operating conditions, this is approx. 1500 ° C.
  • the ash melting temperature of the coal used for firing can vary widely and is essentially dependent on the content of aluminum oxide Al 2 O 3 and silicate SiO 2 .
  • the majority of the ashes combine to form a melt flow at the bottom of the combustion chamber and are supplied to wet slag removers below through outlet openings. These are pools of water in which the leaking liquid ash is caught and quenched.
  • the granulate is a popular material in road construction and is used, for example, as a bulk material but also as a grit or blasting agent.
  • the fly ash entrained by the flue gas flow which can consist of up to 50% combustible material (carbon and / or semi-burned hydrocarbons), is separated in the electrostatic precipitators.
  • the temperature of the combustion or melting chamber and the melting temperature of the ash must be coordinated for particularly effective melting chamber operation, ie complete burnout, rapid fuel conversion and avoidance of NO x formation.
  • the composition of the coal (depending on the composition, the ash melting temperature varies between 1300 ° C and 1700 ° C) determines the design of the coal-fired power plant, such as the size of the combustion chamber. By adding limestone, however, it is possible to lower the melting temperature of the ash. Experience shows that by adding approx. 2% limestone to coal, the melting temperature of the ash can be reduced by approx. 100 ° C. This procedure provides a regulation for the operation of the furnace.
  • the fly ash return makes it a perfect one Burnout of the fuel achieved, however, the increases average residence time of a coal or ash particle in the Feuerungsniklauf.
  • the disadvantage is the maximum Throughput of coal and thus the possible performance of the Power plant limited.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of an inexpensive Method for operating a coal-fired power plant, which according to the process of melting chamber firing works, with which the throughput of fuel and thus the performance of the power plant can be increased.
  • This is supposed to be with a incinerator suitable for carrying out the method can be achieved with particularly simple means.
  • Titanium dioxide at most in a titanium dioxide: coal ratio of 3:97.
  • the invention is based on the observation that titanium dioxide the burning out of the coal in the combustion chamber and thus can increase the throughput of coal, which in turn Performance increase of the power plant leads.
  • the viscosity and the melting temperature of the ash is not essential to be changed.
  • the addition of titanium the is present as titanium dioxide under the conditions of the melting chamber, slag-like approaches behind the combustion chamber, that stick to pipes and walls, do not favor. It has been shown that titanium dioxide has the melting point of Ash or slag lowers. From a sand-like, not melted and non-sticking dust could result in a viscous, flowing and sticky melt become the higher Cleaning costs and financial losses during maintenance of the coal-fired power plant. However, it was found that the titanium dioxide is largely found in the liquid ash.
  • the titanium dioxide content is in the total amount of coal and materials containing titanium dioxide added at most 2.25%.
  • titanium dioxide content is also lower in the mixture of coal and materials containing titanium dioxide lead at a coal-fired power plant with dry combustion system already to a considerable intensification of the slagging behind the combustion chamber and to a flowing Slag consistency.
  • Such additives are titanium dioxide therefore especially for the operation of a coal-fired power plant Melting chamber firing suitable.
  • the supplied titanium dioxide-containing material is advantageous more than 50% from titanium dioxide. This can even with a small additions an acceleration of coal burnout be achieved.
  • a titanium dioxide: carbon ratio is advantageous here of at least 1:99.
  • a power plant without fly ash return to the Melting chamber is made according to an embodiment of the invention the added titanium as titanium dioxide to a low Partly excreted via fly ash, but mostly via liquid ash. Since titanium dioxide is not toxic, it cannot only the liquid ash, but also the fly ash as usual continue to be used.
  • the coal-fired power plant works with one Fly ash return, the resulting fly ash is in the furnace returned so that the titanium is practically exclusively as titanium dioxide together with the resulting Liquid ash is excreted.
  • the material containing titanium dioxide advantageously becomes coal added, then it can be used in a coal mill of the power plant and ground over a coal belt the burners are inserted into the combustion chamber of the power plant.
  • the material containing titanium dioxide can be particularly simple also pneumatically into the combustion chamber, preferably via the Fly ash return, to be blown in.
  • liquid ash can also be beneficial to use the liquid ash to pass into a wet slag remover at the bottom of the combustion chamber and process it into granules. This allows aggregates in the admixed titanium dioxide-containing material safely into the resulting Granules are melted down.
  • the incinerator 1 shown in Figure 1 is part of a coal-fired power plant, not shown. It comprises a high-temperature combustion chamber designed as a melting chamber 2 with at least one burner 2a, and with a feed 2b, for example a conveyor belt for the coal K, and a fresh air line 4 guided over a compressor 3. It further comprises a discharge line 5 for liquid ash F with one on it connected wet purifier 6. It also comprises a flue gas line 7 and in the flue gas line 7 connected in series a dust filter system 8 with a fly ash collector 9, a flue gas desulfurization system 10 and a catalytic denitrification system 11. The flue gas line 7 opens into a chimney 12.
  • the feed 2b is connected to a Coal mill 13 connected, which is connected to a feed shaft 14 of a coal store 15 and to a separate feed line 16 for adding material M containing titanium dioxide.
  • the burnout acceleration of the coal K in the combustion chamber 2 is set via the amount of titanium dioxide-containing material M.
  • the coal K is conveyed from the coal store 15 via the feed shaft 14 into the coal mill 13.
  • the titanium dioxide-containing material M is either introduced via the feed line 16 and the feed shaft 14 or directly into the coal mill 13 and there, together with the coal K, is ground very finely.
  • Fuel B prepared in this way reaches the combustion chamber 2 via the feed 2b and the burner 2a, where it is burned with compressed air L supplied via the fresh air line 4.
  • the resulting flue gas RG flows via the flue gas line 7 into the dust filter system 8, where fly ash or fly dust S entrained by the flue gas is intercepted and discharged via the fly ash collector 9.
  • the now practically dust-free flue gas RG arrives at the flue gas desulfurization system 10 and into the chimney 12 via the denoxification system 11, which is generally referred to as a DeNO x system.
  • the liquid ash F collecting on the combustion chamber bottom 2c becomes via the discharge line 5 to the wet slag remover 6 and processed into granules G.
  • the fly ash S collected at the collector 9 can be recycled as usual become.
  • Up to 3% material containing titanium dioxide is advantageous M used with a titanium dioxide content of more than 50%.
  • This melting chamber granulate G can be used as a building material as usual.
  • the incinerator 1 with Melting chamber firing a fly ash return 20 on This opens directly into the combustion chamber 2 of the melting chamber furnace.
  • the in the dust filter system 8 via the collector 9 restrained fly ash S is pneumatically using a additional compressor 21 blown into the combustion chamber 2.
  • titanium dioxide-containing Dust-finely ground material M is added to the fly ash S. and gets into the combustion chamber 2 by adding Titanium dioxide-containing material M in the combustion chamber 2 of the coal-fired power plant with melting chamber firing in combination with a Fly ash return 20 becomes particularly effective burnout with a simultaneous acceleration of the throughput Coal K achieved in the power plant. This increases the performance of the Power plant.
  • Additives contained in the fly ash S, which are contaminated with heavy metal, and titanium dioxide are insolubly incorporated into the resulting melting chamber granules G. In this way, used DeNO x catalysts with more than 50% TiO 2 can be disposed of without any problems.
  • Example 1 Used DeNO x catalysts are used as the titanium dioxide-containing material M and mixed with coal K.
  • a highly decarburized, high-ballast hard coal is used as coal K, which, according to its degree of decarburization and the proportion of volatile constituents, belongs to lean coal and lies on the border between lean coal and anthracite coal.
  • the ashes of this coal show normal melting behavior.
  • the catalyst used consists of approximately 75% TiO 2 and contains further catalytic components (approx. 11% SiO 2 , approx. 8% WO 3 and approx. 1.8% V 2 O 5 ).
  • combustion tests are carried out in a combustion chamber 2.
  • the combustion chamber 2 is designed as a laboratory combustion chamber, each with a liquid ash extractor and a dry ash extractor.
  • the composition of the ash, the influence of the slagging behavior of the coal by adding used catalyst, the influence of the catalyst fraction M K on the slagging intensity of the heating surfaces behind the combustion chamber and the distribution of the catalyst material in the combustion residues are examined. An X-ray fluorescence analysis of these combustion residues is carried out.
  • FIGS. 3 to 7 show the test results as an example for the combustion chamber with liquid ash extraction.
  • Curves c, d and e of FIGS. 5 to 7 show the percentage of active catalyst substances TiO 2 (FIG. 5), V 2 O 5 (FIG. 6) and WO 3 (FIG. 7) in the slag F, in the fly ash S. or in the slag-like approaches.
  • Another surprising result is that the catalyst is found primarily in the slag or liquid ash F (curve c, FIGS. 5 to 7) and partly in the fly ash S (curve d, FIGS. 5 to 7), but hardly in the slag-like approaches ( Curve e, Figures 5 to 7) takes place.
  • M K (0 to 3%) in the fuel, only the proportions of TiO 2 (FIG. 5), V 2 O 5 (FIG. 6) and WO 3 (FIG. 7) in the slag F and in the fly ash S become clear to. In the slag-like approaches behind the combustion chamber, however, they remain practically unchanged.
  • Example 2 Fly ash from an electrostatic precipitator of a coal-fired power plant with smelting chamber firing is mixed with calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) in a mass ratio of 100: 5. As a result, a melt can be obtained directly ("zero test”). The same mixture is mixed for comparison with dust-finely ground, used DeNO x catalyst in such a way that the catalyst content is 1%. The mixture is melted at 1550 ° C for 20 minutes and quenched in water ("comparative sample”). 5 g of the granules G obtained are eluted with 50 g of H 2 O for 24 hours and the eluate is examined for traces of vanadium V, tungsten W and arsenic as.
  • CaCO 3 calcium carbonate
  • the amount of active washed out from the comparative sample Catalyst substances (V, W) are below the detection limit ( ⁇ 0.1 mg / l).
  • the arsenic content is in both samples in the same area.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
EP96929184A 1995-09-18 1996-09-12 Verwendung eines verfahrens zum betreiben einer verbrennungsanlage eines kohlekraftwerkes zur beschleunigung des kohleausbrendes einer schmelzkammer Expired - Lifetime EP0858495B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19534558A DE19534558C1 (de) 1995-09-18 1995-09-18 Additiv zum Verbrennen von Kohle in einem Kohlekraftwerk mit Schmelzkammerfeuerung
DE19534558 1995-09-18
PCT/DE1996/001721 WO1997011139A1 (de) 1995-09-18 1996-09-12 Verfahren zum betreiben einer verbrennungsanlage eines kohlekraftwerkes mit schmelzkammerfeuerung sowie danach arbeitende verbrennungsanlage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0858495A1 EP0858495A1 (de) 1998-08-19
EP0858495B1 true EP0858495B1 (de) 2003-07-02

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ID=7772466

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EP96929184A Expired - Lifetime EP0858495B1 (de) 1995-09-18 1996-09-12 Verwendung eines verfahrens zum betreiben einer verbrennungsanlage eines kohlekraftwerkes zur beschleunigung des kohleausbrendes einer schmelzkammer

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US6067914A (enExample)
EP (1) EP0858495B1 (enExample)
JP (1) JP2989272B2 (enExample)
KR (1) KR19990045747A (enExample)
CN (1) CN1197477A (enExample)
AT (1) ATE244292T1 (enExample)
CA (1) CA2232476A1 (enExample)
DE (2) DE19534558C1 (enExample)
ES (1) ES2202461T3 (enExample)
RU (1) RU2152428C1 (enExample)
TW (1) TW301698B (enExample)
WO (1) WO1997011139A1 (enExample)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4909296B2 (ja) * 2008-02-12 2012-04-04 三菱重工業株式会社 重質燃料焚ボイラシステム及びその運転方法
CN101524695B (zh) * 2009-04-03 2011-06-08 沈阳航空工业学院 利用电厂飞灰生产漂珠的方法
WO2015060795A1 (en) * 2013-10-21 2015-04-30 Dora Teknolojik Bilgisayar Ürünleri Endüstrisi Anonim Şirketi Process for the minimization/elimination of so2 and co2 emission emerging from the combustion of coal
CN106635242A (zh) * 2016-12-07 2017-05-10 江西稀有金属钨业控股集团有限公司 一种白钨精矿冶炼渣的利用方法、利用装置及用途
CN114574262B (zh) * 2022-03-04 2022-12-13 安徽工业大学 一种利用钛白废酸生产的燃煤催化剂及其制备方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19534558C1 (de) 1996-11-07
ES2202461T3 (es) 2004-04-01
JPH11502897A (ja) 1999-03-09
RU2152428C1 (ru) 2000-07-10
CA2232476A1 (en) 1997-03-27
WO1997011139A1 (de) 1997-03-27
EP0858495A1 (de) 1998-08-19
CN1197477A (zh) 1998-10-28
US6067914A (en) 2000-05-30
KR19990045747A (ko) 1999-06-25
JP2989272B2 (ja) 1999-12-13
TW301698B (enExample) 1997-04-01
DE59610578D1 (de) 2003-08-07
ATE244292T1 (de) 2003-07-15

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