Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
  • A01N25/34—Shaped forms, e.g. sheets, not provided for in any other sub-group of this main group
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
  • A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
  • A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
  • A01N25/10—Macromolecular compounds

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the jumbo formulation comprising pesticides for hand-throw application, which effectively controls various weeds, insect pests, and plant diseases in a broad wetland such as paddy fields, ponds, and lakes. More particularly, the present invention relates to the jumbo formulation of which containing pesticides are evenly distributed to a broad area, when being treated in paddy water.
• the present invention also relates to the formulation process for the jumbo formulation. Concisely, the formulation process comprises inserting the water- or organic solvent-insoluble lump-shaped porous carrier into the water- soluble film bag, absorbing liquid pesticide mixture of active ingredient of pesticide, surfactants, solvents, and auxiliary agents into the bag, and heat-sealing the bag.
• the present jumbo formulation is characterized by slow release and even distribution of the active ingredients of pesticides to a broad area when the formulation is applied into flooded paddy fields or on irrigation gates by hand- throw without using special pesticide applicators.
• the jumbo formulations have different physico-chemical properties from those of the conventional formulations, since the active ingredients from -jumbo formulations should evenly be dispersed throughout all the applied area of paddy field even with hand-throw application of several to several tens of the pack-like pieces of the formulations per 10 a.
• the jumbo formulations are much bigger than the conventional granular or tabletted formulations and thus generally called as "jumbo formulations".
• Various jumbo formulations with different shapes, sizes, and action mechanisms are currently being investigated and developed.
• Good jumbo formulations should be prepared economically and have properties allowing their active ingredients to disperse evenly over the broad area when the formulations are applied into paddy water. Furthermore, such properties should not be reduced or lost during the prolonged storage.
• jumbo formulations have been developed so far.
• This type of formulations is tablet-shaped and has usually several to several tens of weight in gram. When it is contacted with water, it is rapidly disintegrated into fine particles by vigorously generating gas of carbon dioxide and concurrently the particles are dispersed to far distance.
• this type of formulations has sometimes caused severe phytotoxicity to the rice plant by the excessive residual activity of the active ingredient at the treated sites.
• pesticides readily decomposed by chemical reactions (e.g. hydrolysis) cannot be prepared as the above formulation and thus chemically stable pesticides can only be prepared as jumbo formulations.
• the formulations tend to lose their gas generating power by the reaction with water being permeated during the storage. Their costs for the preparations are much higher than those of the conventional formulations.
• Another process for preparing jumbo formulation is known as one which comprises putting an emulsifiable concentrate or an oily suspension of desired pesticide directly or after absorbing it to water-soluble or practically water-insoluble carrier into water-soluble capsule or water-soluble bag and subsequently sealing it.
• the water-soluble bag of the formulation containing water-insoluble carrier is solved in water, however, the active ingredient of pesticide is not completely released into water and often accumulated on the surface of the paddy soil. Therefore, this formulation does not provide even distribution of the active ingredient of pesticide, causing phytotoxicity to the rice plant around the treated sites as well as being reduced the pesticidal efficacy far from treated sites.
• the aqueous carrier solution is readily incorporated into the emulsion particles and thus the specific gravity of the emulsion particles becomes greater than 1. Consequently, most of the emulsion particles containing active ingredients are settled down onto the soil surface, resulting in uneven dispersion over the broad areas and thereby causing phytotoxicity to the rice plant at or close to the formulation-treated sites as well as being reduced the pesticidal efficacy far from the treated sites.
• various jumbo formulations other than the above formulations have also been known, they cannot widely be applied to a number of pesticides and have little practical importance because of their own defects.
• the present inventors have conducted an extensive studies on the formulations.
• the jumbo formulations with excellent physico-chemical properties enabling them to exert maximum pesticidal efficacy have successfully been made.
• These formulations were prepared by absorbing the self-emulsiflable or easily dispersible liquid pesticide mixture to a lump-shaped water-undismtegrable porous carrier enveloped in water-soluble film bag.
• an object of the present invention is to provide the jumbo formulations comprising liquid pesticide mixture, water-undismtegrable porous carrier, and water- soluble film bag.
• Another object of the present invention is to provide the formulation processes of jumbo formulations. These processes include packing the water-insoluble granular materials into the porous bag whose outer surface is laminated with water-soluble film, absorbing liquid pesticide mixture into the bag, and sealing the above; or packing the water-insoluble granular materials into the porous bag, sealing the bag, inserting the above sealed bag into the water-soluble bag, absorbing liquid pesticide mixture, and sealing the above; or preparing the block-shaped porous carrier by binding the water-insoluble granular materials with adhesives, inserting the porous carrier into the water- soluble bag, absorbing liquid pesticide mixture, sealing the bag, inserting the bag again into the aluminum envelope, and sealing the above.
• the carrier 1 used as absorbing materials for liquid pesticide mixture in the present invention is the porous pack densely packed into the porous bag with powdery or granular materials which are practically insoluble in water or in organic solvents. These powdery or granular materials have few fine pores inside and have the diameter of larger than 0.1 mm.
• the included materials are organic or inorganic. Examples are inorganic minerals of sea sand, hollow microsphere, calcium carbonate, dolomite, baked granular bentonite, zeolite, kaolin, talc, pyrophyllite, etc.; powdery or granular polymers of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, etc.; and organic materials of sawdust, rice husk, granular charcoal, cereal, etc.
• sea sand, calcium carbonate, dolomite, pyrophyllite, talc, hollow microsphere (e.g., Microcells SL made in Australia, Scotchlite made in USA, Shirasu baloon made in Japan), and polyvinyl chloride are suitable to use.
• the most suitable carrier materials are sea sand, hollow microsphere, calcium carbonate, dolomite, pyrophyllite, and talc, since they have smooth outer surface, low absorption capacity to organic liquids, high affinity to water and organic solvents, excellent degradability in nature, and high environmental safety.
• the pack is inserted into a water-soluble bag.
• the water-soluble bag containing the porous pack can be used as an absorbent for liquid pesticide mixture.
• the carrier materials can also be directly packed into the water-soluble bag whose inner surface is laminated with the porous bag. Pore size distribution and total pore volume of the porous pack can be maintained by packing carrier materials densely. More than two different kinds of carrier materials can also be packed into the bag to adjust the bulk density.
• the carrier 2 used as absorbing materials in the present invention are the porous blocks with an average pore size of 20-100 ⁇ m m diameter.
• the block-like carrier 2 has a pressure strength of more than 4 kg/cm 2 which allows the porous blocks not to be damaged during their preparation and formulation processes.
• Bound inorganic minerals, which are insoluble in water and organic solvents, and porous natural materials can be used as porous blocks.
• calcium carbonate, talc, baked granular bentonite, pyrophyllite, dolomite, hollow microsphere, and sea sand, which are all bound by using urea, vinyl, or phenol resin adhesive, are suitable to use.
• the carrier 2 can be prepared by binding sea sands, calcium carbonate, hollow microsphere individually or in combination with hollow microsphere with an aid of urea, vinyl, or phenol resin adhesive, and subsequently by hardening them.
• the bulk densities of the carrier blocks can be controlled by adjusting the proportion of sea sand or calcium carbonate mixed ranging from 30 to 70%. Therefore, it is possible to make the jumbo formulation be floated or sedimented in water.
• Urea, vinyl, or phenol resin adhesive at a proportion of 3 to 20% is added during the preparation of the porous blocks of the carrier 2.
• Weights of the carriers are in the range of 2.5 to 99% of the total weight of the jumbo formulations. If the porous pack (carrier Dor the porous block
• carrier 2 used for the present invention is too light, it is difficult to throw it far. On the contrary, if it is too heavy, it gets stuck into paddy soil, resulting in incomplete release of containing liquid pesticide. Accordingly, it is necessary to adjust the bulk density and size of the jumbo formulation depending on the use and the field condition to be applied.
• the bulk density of the formulation should be lowered so as not to get stuck into the soil by using the mixture of sea sand and hollow microsphere as a porous carrier in the formulation.
• higher bulk density of the formulation is needed to pass through the canopy of the rice plants.
• the jumbo formulations having highly water-soluble active ingredient should have low bulk density, thereby enabling the formulation to be floated in water and ensuring the active ingredient to be dispersed satisfactorily.
• the porous bags used in the carrier 1 have innumerable pores with an average pore size of more than 50 ⁇ m in diameter and their air permeability are more than 10m 3 /m 2 /min. Their tensile, bursting, and tear strength, and cut proof degree are properly regulated not to be torn or bursted during the formulation process or application of the formulation. Anything made with natural or synthetic fibers, such as nonwoven cloth, woven gauze, heat-sealable filter paper, and adhesive-sealable filter paper can be used as material for preparing the porous bag. Actually, there is no limitation for the porous bag materials, unless the materials are soluble in water and in organic solvents.
• heat- sealable teabag filter papers are the most suitable material for this purpose, since they are very cheap, easy to get, and highly degradable in nature.
• Heatseal Teabag Paper (Grade Reference 474601, Crompton, UK) is a good example of such material.
• water-soluble bag After liquid pesticide mixture is absorbed into the porous carrier, the carrier is inserted into a water-soluble film bag (hereinafter called to "water-soluble bag") .
• the water-soluble bag is then sealed for preventing the liquid pesticide mixture from leaking and migrating to the adjacent formulations.
• the water-soluble films of polyvinyl alcohol, water-soluble cellulose, or water-soluble dextrin and of 25- 75 ⁇ m thick can be used for the water-soluble bag. More than 50% of the film should be dissolved in water within 10
• any pesticides such as herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides, can be used in the present invention, if they are in a liquid state at room temperature or highly soluble in organic solvents.
• Herbicides applicable to the present invention include N-butoxymethyl-2-chloro-2 ' , 6' -diethyl- acetanilide (butachlor) , 2-chloro-2' , 6' -diethyl-N- (2- propoxyethyl) acetanilide (pretilachlor) , 2-chloro-N- (3- methoxy-2-thienyl)methyl-2' , 6' -diethylacetanilde (NSK-850) ,
• Fungicides applicable to the present invention include S-benzyl 0,0-di-isopropyl phosphorothioate (IBP), 1,2,5,6- tetrahydropyrrolo [3, 2, 1-ij ] quinolin-4-one (pyroquilon) , 3- allyloxy-1, 2-benz [d] isothiazole-1, 1-dioxide (probenazole) , di-isopropyl 1, 3-dithiolan-2-ylidenemalonate (isoprothiolane) , etc.
• IBP S-benzyl 0,0-di-isopropyl phosphorothioate
• IBP 1,2,5,6- tetrahydropyrrolo [3, 2, 1-ij ] quinolin-4-one
• 3- allyloxy-1 2-benz [d] isothiazole-1, 1-dioxide (probenazole) , di-isopropyl 1, 3-dithiolan-2-ylidenemal
• One active ingredient of pesticide alone or in combination with other active ingredients can be incorporated into the present jumbo formulation.
• the active ingredients in the formulations are in the range of 0.01 to 98% of the total weight.
• Organic solvents having a boiling point of more than 60 °C and specific gravity of less than 1 can preferably be
• the specific gravities of liquid pesticide mixtures vary with the organic solvents used. Considering that the specific gravities of active ingredients are usually more than 1, the organic solvents having lower specific gravity can preferably be used for preparing highly concentrated liquid pesticides.
• the examples of the solvents are xylene, liquid paraffins, cyclohexanone, cyclohexane, cyclohexanol, methyl naphthalene, Solvesso 100, Solvesso 150 Solvesso 200, N-methyl pyrrolidone, N-butyl pyrrolidone, diethyl benzene, triethyl benzene, ketones (e.g., methylethyl ketone), polyalkyl glycols, and alcohols (e.g., methanol) .
• the nonpolar organic solvents are used as a major solvent
• water-soluble solvents can also be used as co- solvents for the active ingredients of pesticides.
• non-ionic surfactants can be added to liquid pesticide mixture as emulsifiers, solubilizers, or dispersants. Both non-ionic and anionic surfactants can be used for this purpose.
• non-ionic surfactants are polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene aryl ethers, polyoxyethylene styryl aryl ethers, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polymers, sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, glyceric fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene glyceric fatty acid esters, acetylene glycols, and acetylene alcohols.
• anionic surfactants are calcium alkylbenzene sulfonates, sodium alkyl sulfosuccinates, and sodium polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether sulfate esters.
• anionic surfactants are calcium alkylbenzene sulfonates, sodium alkyl sulfosuccinates, and sodium polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether sulfate esters.
• the surfactants added in the liquid pesticide mixtures are in the range of 5 to 15% of the total weight, but more preferably 10%.
• Viscosity builder such as ethyl cellulose can be added for controlling the viscosity of the liquid pesticide mixture.
• Anti-decomposition agents or stabilizers such as epichlorohydrin, soybean oil, phosphoric acid, etc. can also be added to the liquid pesticide mixture for stabilizing the physico-chemical properties of the jumbo formulations during the prolonged storage, but they should have no effects on the dispersability of the mixture in water.
• active ingredients from the jumbo formulations should be released within a day. Specifically, more than 90% of liquid insecticides and fungicides, and more than 95% of herbicides are required to be released within approximately 24 hours, respectively. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the specific gravity of pesticide mixture to a range of 0.80 to 0.995 and to adjust its viscosity, depending on the pore size of the carriers used.
• the present jumbo formulations are prepared to have their weight of 5 to 200 grams per piece, depending on their hand-throw distance and subsequent settling status on the paddy field.
• the number of the jumbo formulations to be applied varies with the water dispersability of the active ingredients included in the formulations.
• the formulations of 5 to 200 pieces can be applied to the paddy field of 10 a, but it is preferable to apply 5 to 50 pieces.
• the liquid pesticide mixtures are absorbed to the porous carriers up to 80 to 90% of the total pore volume.
• the processing steps for the present jumbo formulations are not particularly limited, the formulations are generally processed as the following three examples.
• Carrier 1 is prepared by packing granular materials into a bag of heatseal teabag filter paper followed by subsequent sealing. 2) Carrier 1 is put into a water- soluble bag. 3) Liquid pesticide mixture is added to the carrier 1 and then the open part of the water-soluble bag is heat-sealed by using an impulse sealer. 4) The resulting jumbo formulation is put into an aluminum envelope, and then sealed for storage.
• Block-shaped porous carrier 2 is prepared by mixing granular materials with phenol resin adhesive followed by subsequent shaping and hardening. 2) Carrier 2 is put into a water-soluble bag. 3) Liquid pesticides mixture is added to the carrier 2 and then the open part of the bag is heat-sealed by using an impulse sealer. 4) The resulting jumbo formulation is put into an aluminum envelope, and then sealed for storage.
• the jumbo formulations prepared as above are applied to paddy fields, they are floated on the paddy water or sedimented on the paddy soil depending on the bulk density of the formulations, although they contain liquid pesticide mixture whose specific gravity is less than 1.
• liquid pesticide mixture whose specific gravity is less than 1.
• the water-soluble bag is dissolved in water, liquid pesticide mixture from the porous carrier is gradually released to or near the water surface.
• the liquid pesticide mixture is emulsified, spread, and dispersed to a broad area, resulting in the even distribution of active ingredients within 24 hours in the treated area.
• the pesticides are highly water-soluble, their dispersability can be enhanced by floating the jumbo formulations being exposed to the air.
• the pesticides are barely soluble in water and their emulsion stability is high enough, accumulation of the pesticides in a certain area can be avoided by sedimenting the jumbo formulations and thereby not influenced by wind.
• the jumbo formulations contain spreadable oil of highly volatile non- viscous petroleum solvents in the oily mixture, spreadable oil from the formulation are rapidly released and spread along the water surface in the form of thin membrane.
• the active ingredients of the present jumbo formulations are easily dispersed and evenly distributed in water, and thus their efficacy is seldom reduced, unless the surface of the treated paddy water is completely covered with rice straw, moss, or aquatic weeds such as duckweed.
• the present jumbo formulations of 5 to 50 pieces are applied to a paddy field of 10 a, they can exert their maximum efficacy. The number of the present formulations to be applied can of course be adjusted.
• the present jumbo formulations When the present jumbo formulations are applied to paddy field, they are floated on the paddy water or sedimented on the paddy soil. When the water-soluble bags are dissolved in water, liquid pesticide mixture from the porous carrier is gradually released to or near the water surface. Since the present jumbo formulations contain nonpolar solvents and surfactants having high self- emulsifiability and dispersabililty, the active ingredients are dispersed to a broad area within 24 hours, resulting in the even distribution of its concentration. Even under condition of strong gust, the active ingredients are evenly dispersed and exert their effect sufficiently without causing any phytotoxicity to rice plants.
• Example 1 Two pieces of filter paper used for teabag (Heatseal teabag, Grade Reference 474601, Crompton, UK; air permeability, 100 mVmVmin) were inserted inbetween two pieces of water-soluble film (Monosol ® of Model 7030 or Model 8534; Chris-Craft Industrial Products, Inc.) and their three edges thereof were heat-sealed to make a bag (hereinafter called as "water-soluble film-filter paper bag") by using an impulse sealer in a manner that the edges of the filter paper were centered in the sealed parts and thus any parts of the filter paper were not exposed to outside.
• water-soluble film-filter paper bag Two pieces of filter paper used for teabag (Heatseal teabag, Grade Reference 474601, Crompton, UK; air permeability, 100 mVmVmin) were inserted inbetween two pieces of water-soluble film (Monosol ® of Model 7030 or Model 8534; Chris-Craft Industrial Products, Inc.) and their three edges thereof were heat-sealed to
• filter paper used for teabag and water-soluble film were heat-sealed separately to make the respective bags (hereinafter called as “filter paper bag” and “water-soluble bag”, respectively) .
• the said bags were used for the following preparation of the jumbo formulations.
• the filter paper bags were packed with sea sand of 14.4g and Microcells SL 350 ® of 9.6g and then sealed. The resulting porous packs were used for the following preparation of the jumbo formulations.
• porous blocks were used for the following preparations of the jumbo formulations.
• Sea sand having particle size of 0.3 to 0.5 mm was prepared by being ground in a mortar and pestle, sieved, washed with water, and then dried.
• the said sea sand of 57g was densely packed into the water-soluble film-filter paper bag.
• the molinate-pyrazosulfuron ethyl emulsifiable concentrate of 11.3g was added to the said bag and the bag was heat-sealed to make the jumbo formulation having the active ingredient of 7.78%.
• the jumbo formulation was put into an aluminum envelope and then the resulting envelope was heat-sealed.
• Sea sand having particle size of 0.3 to 0.5 mm was prepared by being ground in a mortar and pestle, sieved, washed with water, and then dried.
• the said sea sand of 57 g was densely packed into the filter paper bag and the bag was heat-sealed to make a porous pack.
• the resulting porous pack was put into the water-soluble bag of Monosol ® of Model 7030.
• the molinate-pyrazosulfuron ethyl emulsifiable concentrate of 11.3g was added to the said bag and the bag was heat-sealed to make the jumbo formulation having the active ingredient of 7.78%.
• the jumbo formulation was put into an aluminum envelope and then the resulting envelope was heat-sealed.
• the porous pack as in Example 2 was put into the water- soluble bag of Monosol ® of Model 7030.
• the molinate- pyrazosulfuron ethyl emulsifiable concentrate of 11.3g was added to the said bag and the bag was heat-sealed to make the jumbo formulation having the active ingredient of 7.78%.
• the jumbo formulation was put into an aluminum envelope and then the resulting envelope was heat-sealed.
• Calcium carbonate of 57g having particle size of 0.3 to 0.5 mm was densely packed into the water-soluble film-filter paper bag.
• the molinate-pyrazosulfuron ethyl emulsifiable concentrate of 11.3g was added to the said bag and the bag was heat-sealed to make the jumbo formulation having the active ingredient of 7.78%.
• the jumbo formulation was put into an aluminum envelope and then the resulting envelope was heat-sealed.
• Example 10 Five hundred and fifty six parts of butachlor (purity, 87%), 100 parts of emulsifiers (the mixture of polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether and calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate) , and 344 parts of xylene (industrial grade) were added while mixing to make the emulsifiable concentrate of butachlor. Sea sand of 91g having particle size of 0.3 to 0.5 mm was densely packed into the water-soluble film-filter paper bag. The butachlor emulsifiable concentrate of 18.6g was added to the said bag and the bag was heat-sealed to make the jumbo formulation having the active ingredient of 8.21%. The jumbo formulation was put into an aluminum envelope and then the resulting envelope was heat-sealed.
• emulsifiers the mixture of polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether and calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate
• xylene industrial grade
• the diazinon emulsifiable concentrate of 13.5g was added to the said bag and the bag was heat-sealed to make the jumbo formulation having the active ingredient of 6.3%.
• the jumbo formulation was put into an aluminum envelope and then the resulting envelope was heat-sealed.
• the diazmon-BPMC emulsifiable concentrate of 13.5g was added to the said bag and the bag was heat- sealed to make the jumbo formulation having the active ingredient of 7.38%.
• the jumbo formulation was put into an aluminum envelope and then the resulting envelope was heat- sealed.
• ethofenprox Forty two parts of ethofenprox (purity, 96.9%), 40 parts of emulsifiers (the mixture of polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene caster oil ether, and calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate), 460 parts of di-isopropyl phthalate, and 458 parts of xylene (industrial grade) were added while mixing to make the ethofenprox spreadable oil. Sea sand of 50g having particle size of 0.3 to 0.5 mm was densely packed into the water-soluble film-filter paper bag.
• the ethofenprox spreadable oil of lOg was added to the said bag and the bag was heat-sealed to make the jumbo formulation having the active ingredient of 6.67%.
• the jumbo formulation was put into an aluminum envelope and then the resulting envelope was heat-sealed.
• hexaconazole purity, 88.8%
• cyclohexanone industrial grade
• 100 parts of emulsifiers the mixture of polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl phosphonate, and calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate
• 287.4 parts of xylene industrial grade
• the hexaconazole emulsifiable concentrate of 20g was added to the said bag and the bag was heat-sealed to make the jumbo formulation having the active ingredient of 1.67%.
• the jumbo formulation was put into an aluminum envelope and then the resulting envelope was heat-sealed.
• the porous block of 22. Ig was put into the water- soluble bag of Monosol ® of Model 7030.
• the molinate- pyrazosulfuron ethyl emulsifiable concentrate of 11.3g was added to the said bag and the bag was heat-sealed to make the jumbo formulation having the active ingredient of 7.78%.
• the jumbo formulation was put into an aluminum envelope and then the resulting envelope was heat-sealed.
• Experimental example 1 The evaluation of the distribution of the active ingredients and their controlling effects on weeds following the application of the jumbo formulation of herbicide molinate-pyrazosulfuron ethyl to paddy field
• Figure 1 Distribution of molinate in the paddy water at 24 hours after the treatment of the molinate- pyrazosulfuron ethyl jumbo formulation. The treated
• the jumbo formulation did not cause any phytotoxicity
• Experimental example 2 The distribution of the active ingredient following the treatment of the Diazinon jumbo formulation to paddy field When rice plants were at the stage of earning, the
• FIG. 1 Distribution of diazinon m the paddy water at 24 hours after the treatment of the diazinon jumbo formulation.
• the treated paddy field had a size of 13
• the active ingredient, diazinon was relatively evenly distributed.
• the average concentration of diazinon in the paddy water at 24 hours after the treatment was 0.61 ppm with the variation coefficient of 28.5%.
• the variation coefficient was similar to that of the conventional granular formulations. From these results, excellent controlling effects on insect pests would be expected.
• the jumbo formulations of the present invention can be applied to paddy fields only by throwing 5 to 50 pieces per 10 a without using special pesticide applicators.
• the jumbo formulations can greatly save the labor and reduce the danger of being poisoned by pesticides during manual application of pesticides. Therefore, the jumbo formulations comprising pesticides for hand-throw application can successfully substitute for the conventional formulations with excellent controlling effects on weeds, insect pests, and plant diseases.

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)
• Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
• Plant Pathology (AREA)
• Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Dentistry (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Environmental Sciences (AREA)
• Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

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• 1997
  • 1997-02-25 KR KR1019970005851A patent/KR100208745B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1997-05-01 TW TW086105787A patent/TW436261B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1997-05-02 CN CNB971904650A patent/CN1136769C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1997-05-02 WO PCT/KR1997/000077 patent/WO1997041726A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1997-05-02 JP JP09539758A patent/JP3119878B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1997-05-02 EP EP97920970A patent/EP0837628A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1997-05-02 MY MYPI97001909A patent/MY132578A/en unknown

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