EP0803466A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum sicheren Besteigen einer Kabine, insbesondere auf einem Turmkran - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum sicheren Besteigen einer Kabine, insbesondere auf einem Turmkran Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0803466A1
EP0803466A1 EP97420048A EP97420048A EP0803466A1 EP 0803466 A1 EP0803466 A1 EP 0803466A1 EP 97420048 A EP97420048 A EP 97420048A EP 97420048 A EP97420048 A EP 97420048A EP 0803466 A1 EP0803466 A1 EP 0803466A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nacelle
mast
crane
driving position
ladder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97420048A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0803466B1 (de
Inventor
Robert Moncorgé
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS
Original Assignee
Potain SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Potain SA filed Critical Potain SA
Publication of EP0803466A1 publication Critical patent/EP0803466A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0803466B1 publication Critical patent/EP0803466B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C7/00—Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
    • E06C7/12—Lifts or other hoisting devices on ladders
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C7/00—Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
    • E06C7/18—Devices for preventing persons from falling
    • E06C7/186—Rail or rope for guiding a safety attachment, e.g. a fall arrest system

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for secure access to an elevated driving position, more particularly to the cabin of a tower crane. It also relates to a device, intended for the implementation of the method. This invention finds its application in particular for access to the cabin of tower cranes with automatic assembly, telescopic or foldable mast, used on building construction sites.
  • the cabin of such a crane In service, the cabin of such a crane is generally placed at the top of the mast, so that the crane operator, taking place in this cabin for driving the crane, can have good visibility on all work operations.
  • the crane mast is traditionally equipped with fixed ladders and protective cages, placed either inside the mast when the cross section of this mast is sufficient for the crane operator to pass , or outside the mast when the cross section of the mast is insufficient, which is often the case for self-erecting cranes.
  • the ladders must include rest stops, placed at levels such that each flight of ladders does not exceed an authorized value.
  • the successive flights of ladders are offset laterally with respect to each other, to ensure better ergonomics.
  • the crane operator is not immune to a fall inside the crinoline, from a height of up to several meters, inside the crinoline . Fixed crinolines are therefore not perfect protections against the risk of falling.
  • the crinolines in particular have a high wind resistance, which limits the mechanical resistance and the operating range of the crane in service.
  • the presence of external crinolines also implies additional bulk which hinders the folding of the crane into the transport position, as well as increased vulnerability.
  • an embodiment is known from European patent application No. 0.175.052 in which the cabin is slidably mounted along the crane mast, and in which the crinoline device for access ladders under the cabin, which is made up of hoops that also slide along the mast and are connected to one another by cables or straps.
  • the cabin In the crane transport position, the cabin is lowered at the foot of the mast, and the hoops of the crinoline device stack on top of each other, thus presenting a space requirement that is as small as possible.
  • Such an embodiment is advantageous for the road transport of the crane, but it presents technical difficulties and a significant additional cost, in particular to ensure the correct guiding of the crinoline arches during sliding, and the maintenance in position of these arches.
  • Another vertically movable complete cabin device is known from Swiss Patent No. 665,825.
  • French patent application N ° 2.518.519 discloses a lifting device, intended to facilitate the mounting of a crane operator on a tower crane, the device presenting itself mainly as a mobile seat, suspended on a cable, and also comprising a counterweight and possibly a drive motor.
  • the seat is neither maintained nor guided on the ladder or on another part of the mast of the crane, this seat being simply suspended from the cable. Consequently, if the crane operator is uncomfortable, he can tip around the seat or even with this seat, with the additional risk of hitting the bars of the ladder or parts of the crane mast, and of hanging head below.
  • the device is not likely to surround and protect the crane operator on all sides. This device therefore does not provide adequate protection and security, which are precisely the aims of the present invention.
  • French patent application No. 2,682,098 describes a safety device, for tower cranes and the like, which comprises a cable and a counterweight, the cable being intended to be connected, by a hook which is fixed to a belt or to a harness, with the person using the ladder.
  • This document does not provide any protection which would accompany the person moving along the ladder and who would surround this person, and the ladder remains provided with a conventional fixed crinoline, whereas the present invention aims precisely to remove the crinoline and the disadvantages associated with it.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks set out above, by providing a method and a device for secure access to a high driving position, in particular to the cabin of a tower crane, which limit the effects of wind to increase the mechanical resistance and the range of autonomy of the crane, and which facilitate the folding of the crane for transport on the road, while ensuring optimal ergonomics and safety, both during the ascent and the lowering the mast only when the crane operator goes from the ladder to the cabin, and vice versa.
  • a method is essentially proposed for secure access to a high driving position, in particular on a tower crane, accessible by a mast or the like in one or more parts laterally equipped with one or more ladders of access to a driving position or cabin, method which according to the invention consists in using an individual protection device, mobile along the mast, maintained and guided on the ladder or successively on the ladders and driven along the mast, by through a harness resting on the crane operator's shoulders or a harness supporting the crane operator, on the path of this crane operator when climbing along the ladder or ladders to the cabin, and vice versa during from his descent from the cabin.
  • the personal protective device is driven along the mast, by means of a harness resting on the shoulders of the crane operator, or of a harness supporting the crane operator.
  • the personal protective device can thus accompany the crane operator, during the climb or the Descent of the ladder, which is always done in a normal gesture, the crane operator placing his hands and feet on the bars of the ladder.
  • the device for secure access to an elevated driving position, in particular on a tower crane, for implementing the method defined above, comprises a personal protective nacelle, accessible from the outside , inside which the crane operator can stand upright, the nacelle being provided with means for holding and guiding on the ladder (s) of the mast, and with a harness or harness for his training by the crane operator, the device comprising still means for compensating for the weight of the nacelle and means for immobilizing said nacelle.
  • the protective nacelle is presented as a rigid closed but perforated structure, composed of horizontal arches joined by vertical rails, of a floor located at its base and having a function of rest and intervention platform, and, possibly a protective roof in its upper part.
  • this structure provides lateral, dorsal, lower and, where appropriate, superior protection.
  • the floor also allows the safe installation of tools or documentation necessary for maintenance personnel.
  • the protective nacelle is provided with a side access door, opening inwards, and an emergency hatch formed in the floor.
  • the side door facilitates the crane operator's access to the interior of the platform, when it is in the low position, and above all, in the high position of the platform, the crane operator can safely pass the platform towards the cabin, and vice versa.
  • the fact that the door opens only towards the interior of the nacelle avoids any risk of falling due to a push against this door, or an untimely opening whatever the cause, while the nacelle is located at an intermediate height.
  • the means for holding and guiding the protective nacelle consist of pairs of rollers mounted in lines respectively on sleepers symmetrically fixed on either side of the nacelle, on the one hand, at its lower part or floor and, on the other hand, at an intermediate level between the lower part or floor and the upper part of the nacelle, the pairs of rollers bearing continuously on the uprights of the ladder or scales of the mast.
  • the means for compensating for the weight of the protective nacelle consist of a winch, equipped with a torque motor, fixed to the top of the mast, the cable of the winch descending directly above the nacelle and being fixed at a point located at the top of said nacelle.
  • these consist of a reel provided with an anti-fall device operating by inertia, known per se, fixed to the top of the mast substantially at plumb with the nacelle, the cable of the reel being fixed at a point located at the upper part of said nacelle.
  • inertia operating by inertia, known per se
  • the device defined above is more particularly applicable to the access to a cabin of an automated assembly tower crane, with telescopic or folding mast composed of successive mast elements carrying respective scales, on which the nacelle is maintained and guided. protection.
  • a cabin of an automated assembly tower crane with telescopic or folding mast composed of successive mast elements carrying respective scales, on which the nacelle is maintained and guided. protection.
  • It can be, among other things, a tower crane whose cabin, to which this device gives access, is itself mobile along the crane mast, and in particular guided on the same scales as the nacelle of protection.
  • Such a cabin can be immobilized at any intermediate height, and it will be noted that the device according to the invention allows in this case access to the cabin, whatever its level of immobilization.
  • the invention is applicable to a tower crane with telescopic mast in which the ladders, other than the scale of the lower mast element, are rigidly fixed, only by their upper part, at the top of the corresponding mast element, the ladders being offset transversely with respect to each other and being provided with a middle rail for holding and guiding the lower end of the ladder of the immediately upper mast element, this end being equipped with a rolling and / or sliding means cooperating with the rail.
  • These provisions allow the mast to be telescoped with its ladders, and ensure that the ladders are kept in position, to allow the passage of the protective nacelle from one ladder to the next, during its ascent, or to the previous, during its descent.
  • the tower crane shown as a whole in FIGS. 1 to 4, comprises in known manner a fixed or rolling base chassis 1 supporting, by means of an orientation device 2 with vertical axis 3, a rotating chassis 4 which carries a mast 5.
  • This tower crane is provided with a distributing jib 6, carried by the top of the mast 5 and kept horizontal by means of a tie rod 7, a punch 8 and a rear shroud 9 , connected to the rear of the rotating chassis 4.
  • the mast 5 is telescopic. It consists of three successive mast elements 10, 11, 12 whose respective cross sections are different and decreasing from bottom to top, to allow telescoping. Each mast element 10, 11, 12 carries a ladder, respectively 13, 14, 15, fixed laterally to this mast element. As shown schematically in Figures 2 and 4, the scales 13, 14, 15 are offset transversely, with respect to each other; this provision will be explained below.
  • the crane is provided with a cabin 16, carried by the mast 5 and offset laterally with respect to this mast 5 and to the jib 6.
  • the cabin 16 occupies in particular, when the crane is in service, a high position, at the top of the mast 5.
  • this cabin 16 can also be immobilized at an intermediate height on the mast 5, when the crane is in service, or be lowered at the foot of the mast 5 for folding the crane, said cabin 16 being guided on the ladders 13, 14, 15.
  • the crane is equipped with a device for access to the cabin 16, placed at the chosen height, this device allowing the crane operator to safely access the cabin 16, from the ground.
  • the device generally comprises a protective nacelle 17 inside which the crane operator can stand, means 18 for compensating for the weight of the nacelle 17, and means 19 for immobilizing said nacelle 17.
  • the protective nacelle 17 has a rigid structure, closed but perforated, composed of horizontal arches 20 joined by vertical rails 21, a floor 22 located at the base of the structure, and a harness 23 located in the upper half of this structure.
  • the protective nacelle 17 is equipped, at the level of the floor 22 and at an intermediate level between the floor 22 and the harness 23, of two superimposed pairs of horizontal crosspieces 24 and 25, fixed symmetrically on either side of the nacelle 17
  • the crosspieces 24 and 25 respectively carry rollers 26 and 27, with horizontal axes, spaced horizontally from the thickness e of the uprights 28 of the scales 13, 14, 15 of the mast 5.
  • each crosspiece 24 or 25 carries four rollers 26 or 27 mounted in lines, providing between them three identical free spaces of value e, corresponding respectively to the passage of the uprights 28, offset horizontally, of the different scales 13, 14, 15.
  • the protective nacelle 17 is also provided with a lateral access door 29, articulated around a vertical axis 30 and opening towards the interior of the nacelle (see FIG. 6), and with an emergency hatch 31 formed in the floor 22.
  • the compensation means 18 for the weight of the nacelle 17 consist, in the examples considered, of a winch 33, equipped with a torque motor, the cable 34 of which is fixed, at an attachment point 35, to the upper part 32 of the nacelle 17.
  • the winch 33 is fixed to the top of the mast 5; it can in particular be supported by the platform 36 of the crane lifting winch.
  • the immobilization means 19 of the protective nacelle 17 consist, for their part, of a reel 37 unwinding or automatically winding a cable 38 which is fixed, at an attachment point 39, to the upper part 32 of the nacelle 17
  • the reel 37 is provided with an anti-fall device operating by inertia; it can also be provided with a control cable, provided for manual control.
  • This reel 37 is fixed to the top of the mast 5, and it can in particular be supported by the platform 36 of the crane lifting winch.
  • the immobilization means 19 previously described allow immobilization of the protective nacelle 17 at any intermediate height. These immobilization means are advantageously supplemented by means, mechanical or electro-mechanical, of automatic locking of the nacelle 17 in the low position and in the high position, with manual unlocking.
  • the crane is in the assembled state with the cabin 16 arranged at the top of the mast 5 (the cabin 16 having been previously brought to the top of the mast, if it is a question of a cabin that can also occupy a low position).
  • the protective nacelle 17 is in the low position, and it is located accessible from the rotating chassis 4, via a recipe platform 40.
  • the crane operator directly accesses the interior of the nacelle 17 through the side door 29; it goes into the usual position for climbing the lower ladder 13, and initiates the climbing of this ladder 13.
  • the crane operator's shoulders are supported under the harness 23 of the nacelle 17.
  • the crane operator carries with him, by the intermediate of the harness 23, the nacelle 17, the weight of which is compensated by the tractive force, directed upwards, exerted by the cable 34 of the winch 33.
  • the cable 38 belonging to the immobilizing means 19 s' rolls up automatically on the reel 37, to ensure the safety of movement of the nacelle 17 throughout its ascent, accompanying that of the crane operator, along the mast 5.
  • the nacelle 17 firstly moves along the lower element 10 of the mast 5, the first pairs of rollers 26 and 27 ensuring its guidance and its maintenance on the uprights 28 of the ladder 13 associated with this lower element 10
  • the second pairs of rollers 26 and 27 take over from the first pairs of rollers, ensuring continuity guiding and holding on the uprights 28 of the following ladder 14.
  • the third pairs of rollers 26 and 27 intervene to ensure the continuity of the guidance and the maintenance on the uprights 28 of the last ladder 15.
  • the nacelle 17 thus accompanies the crane operator, throughout the ascent of the mast 5, ensuring lateral and dorsal protection, an intermediate position of the nacelle 17 being indicated in FIG. 2.
  • the nacelle 17 arrives, with the crane operator, in its high position located at the level of the cabin 16 - see Figures 3 and 4.
  • the nacelle 17 locks automatically in this high position, and the crane operator accesses directly inside the cabin 16, the door of which comes in correspondence with the side door 29 of the nacelle 17, the relative arrangement of the cabin 16 and of the nacelle 17 also appearing clearly in FIG. 6.
  • the harness 23 To ensure correct operation, uphill and downhill, the harness 23 must permanently exert a downward and substantially constant force, of the order of a few kilograms, on the shoulders of the crane operator. The value of this force is adjusted by means of the torque motor of the winch 33 to compensate for the weight of the nacelle 17. In other words, the self-weight of this nacelle 17 need not be fully compensated, so that the harness 23 remains supported on the crane operator's shoulders.
  • the previously described device allows the crane operator, by locking the nacelle 17, to rest at any time during his ascent or descent path along the mast 5, by placing himself on the floor 22.
  • This device also allows the crane operator to intervene at any intermediate point in the path between the ground and the cabin 16, the floor 22 of the nacelle 17 then acting as a working platform.
  • the harness 23 can be retracted so as not to hinder the crane operator in his movements.
  • rescue or maintenance personnel can intervene to rescue the crane operator, using the ladders 13, 14 , 15 from the mast 5 and individual safety equipment, access to the interior of the nacelle 17 being made possible in particular by the emergency hatch 31.
  • FIGS 7 to 9 show another embodiment of the protective nacelle 17, in which the unmodified elements (with respect to the first embodiment) are designated by the same references, and will not be described again.
  • the harness is replaced by a harness 41, composed of one or more straps moored to the rigid structure of the nacelle 17.
  • the compensation means 18 exert here on the nacelle an upwardly directed effort which is greater than the self-weight of the nacelle 17, so that the harness 41 permanently supports the crane operator. It is thus guaranteed that the nacelle 17 accompanies the crane operator during the raising or lowering of the mast 5.
  • Figures 10 and 11 show details of the scales 13, 14, 15 respectively associated with the three elements 10, 11, 12 of the telescopic mast 5.
  • the scale 13 of the lower mast element 10 is located closest to the central axis 3 of the mast 5.
  • the scale 14 of the intermediate mast element 11 is offset towards the outside, with respect to the previous scale 13.
  • the scale 15 of the upper mast element 12 is itself even offset towards the outside, compared to the previous scale 14.
  • the two scales 14 and 15, other than the scale 13 of the lower mast element 10 are rigidly fixed only by their upper part at the top of the corresponding mast element 11 or 12, via a pair horizontal spacers 42.
  • the lower ends of the two scales 14 and 15 are held and guided, respectively, on the two scales 13 and 14.
  • each scale 13, 14, 15 comprises, over its entire height, a vertical median rail 43, of "T" section.
  • the lower end of the upper ladder 15 is provided with a holding and guide shoe 44, engaged on the middle rail 43 of the intermediate ladder 14.
  • the lower end of this intermediate ladder 14 is provided a holding and guiding pad 45, engaged on the median rail of the lower ladder 13.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
EP19970420048 1996-04-16 1997-03-21 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum sicheren Besteigen einer Kabine, insbesondere auf einem Turmkran Expired - Lifetime EP0803466B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9604980A FR2747380B1 (fr) 1996-04-16 1996-04-16 Procede et dispositif pour l'acces securise a un poste de conduite eleve, notamment sur une grue a tour
FR9604980 1996-04-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0803466A1 true EP0803466A1 (de) 1997-10-29
EP0803466B1 EP0803466B1 (de) 1998-10-07

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19970420048 Expired - Lifetime EP0803466B1 (de) 1996-04-16 1997-03-21 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum sicheren Besteigen einer Kabine, insbesondere auf einem Turmkran

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0803466B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH1045381A (de)
DE (1) DE69700034T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2747380B1 (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1277495A1 (de) * 2001-07-20 2003-01-22 Norbert Wippich Steighilfe
EP1387035A1 (de) * 2002-07-31 2004-02-04 Sang Ho KWAK Steigschutzeinrichtung für einen Turmdrehkran
RU2482053C2 (ru) * 2011-10-27 2013-05-20 Владимир Алексеевич Небольсин Башенный подъемный кран с пассажирским лифтом
CN103588128A (zh) * 2013-11-14 2014-02-19 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 一种船用油缸变幅吊机应急逃生结构及其使用方法
CN116986496A (zh) * 2023-08-02 2023-11-03 四川锦城建筑机械有限责任公司 一种超大型塔机标准节变频控制的引进系统

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100335355B1 (ko) * 2000-04-27 2002-05-06 유성용 타워 크레인에 승하차시 조종사 안전장치
CN101603511B (zh) * 2009-07-16 2011-07-27 广州雅图风电设备制造有限公司 一种垂直风力发电机
KR101400201B1 (ko) * 2013-02-06 2014-05-27 삼성중공업 주식회사 풍력 발전기

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2518519A1 (fr) * 1981-12-18 1983-06-24 Boisson Bernard Dispositif elevateur adaptable notamment sur les grues a tour, en vue de faciliter le hissage et la descente du grutier
EP0175052A1 (de) * 1984-09-12 1986-03-26 Liebherr-Werk Bischofshofen GmbH Turmdrehkran
FR2682098A1 (fr) * 1991-10-04 1993-04-09 Roux Etudes Realisations Dispositif de securite pour grues, pylones et structures analogues.

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2495684A1 (fr) * 1980-12-09 1982-06-11 Risacher Marcel Charles Protecteur coulissant et amovible pour echelles de moyenne et grande hauteur a un ou plusieurs elements
CH665825A5 (en) * 1985-02-06 1988-06-15 Emil Huggler Ag Crane with height adjustable driver's cab - with adjustment achieved by crane's own lifting mechanism
FR2675196B1 (fr) * 1991-04-12 1998-09-04 Hek France Echelle de secours avec ascenseur incorpore.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2518519A1 (fr) * 1981-12-18 1983-06-24 Boisson Bernard Dispositif elevateur adaptable notamment sur les grues a tour, en vue de faciliter le hissage et la descente du grutier
EP0175052A1 (de) * 1984-09-12 1986-03-26 Liebherr-Werk Bischofshofen GmbH Turmdrehkran
FR2682098A1 (fr) * 1991-10-04 1993-04-09 Roux Etudes Realisations Dispositif de securite pour grues, pylones et structures analogues.

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1277495A1 (de) * 2001-07-20 2003-01-22 Norbert Wippich Steighilfe
EP1387035A1 (de) * 2002-07-31 2004-02-04 Sang Ho KWAK Steigschutzeinrichtung für einen Turmdrehkran
RU2482053C2 (ru) * 2011-10-27 2013-05-20 Владимир Алексеевич Небольсин Башенный подъемный кран с пассажирским лифтом
CN103588128A (zh) * 2013-11-14 2014-02-19 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 一种船用油缸变幅吊机应急逃生结构及其使用方法
CN103588128B (zh) * 2013-11-14 2015-05-20 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 一种船用油缸变幅吊机应急逃生结构及其使用方法
CN116986496A (zh) * 2023-08-02 2023-11-03 四川锦城建筑机械有限责任公司 一种超大型塔机标准节变频控制的引进系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0803466B1 (de) 1998-10-07
FR2747380B1 (fr) 1998-05-22
FR2747380A1 (fr) 1997-10-17
DE69700034T2 (de) 1999-04-01
JPH1045381A (ja) 1998-02-17
DE69700034D1 (de) 1998-11-12

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