EP0803466B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum sicheren Besteigen einer Kabine, insbesondere auf einem Turmkran - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum sicheren Besteigen einer Kabine, insbesondere auf einem Turmkran Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0803466B1
EP0803466B1 EP19970420048 EP97420048A EP0803466B1 EP 0803466 B1 EP0803466 B1 EP 0803466B1 EP 19970420048 EP19970420048 EP 19970420048 EP 97420048 A EP97420048 A EP 97420048A EP 0803466 B1 EP0803466 B1 EP 0803466B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mast
gondola
crane
ladders
protective
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19970420048
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0803466A1 (de
Inventor
Robert Moncorgé
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Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS
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Potain SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0803466A1 publication Critical patent/EP0803466A1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C7/00—Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
    • E06C7/12—Lifts or other hoisting devices on ladders
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C7/00—Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
    • E06C7/18—Devices for preventing persons from falling
    • E06C7/186—Rail or rope for guiding a safety attachment, e.g. a fall arrest system

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for secure access to a high operator position, plus particularly in the cabin of a tower crane. She has also for object a device, intended for setting process work. This invention finds its particular application for access to the tower crane cabin automated assembly, with telescopic or folding mast, used on building construction sites.
  • the cabin of such a crane is generally arranged at the top of the mast, so that the crane operator, taking place in this cabin for driving of the crane, can have good visibility on all work operations.
  • the crane mast is traditionally fitted with ladders and fixed "crinoline" protective cages, arranged either inside the mast when the cross section of this mast is sufficient for the passage of the crane operator, outside the mast when the section of the mast is insufficient, which is often the case for cranes with automated assembly.
  • the scales must include rest stages, placed at levels such that each scale flight does not exceed an authorized value. Of preferably, successive flights of scales are laterally offset from each other, to ensure better ergonomics. Nevertheless, in progress up or down ladders, the crane operator is not not immune to a fall inside the crinoline, up to several meters high, inside the crinoline. Fixed crinolines do not therefore are not perfect protections against risk of falling.
  • the crinolines in particular have a wind resistance important, which limits the mechanical resistance and the operating range of the crane in service.
  • the presence of outdoor crinolines also involves space additional which hinders the folding of the crane into position transportation, as well as increased vulnerability.
  • French patent application No. 2,518,519 reveals a lifting device, intended to facilitate the ascent of a crane operator on a tower crane, the device being presented mainly as a mobile seat, suspended on a cable, and further comprising a counterweight and possibly a drive motor.
  • the seat is neither maintained or guided on the ladder or another part from the crane mast, this seat simply hanging from the cable. Therefore, if the crane operator is unwell it can tilt around the seat or even with this seat, with the additional risk of hitting the bars of the ladder or parts of the crane mast, and stay hanging upside down.
  • the device is not nature to surround and protect the crane operator on all sides. This device therefore does not provide protection and appropriate security, which are precisely the goals of the present invention.
  • the patent application device French N ° 2.518.519 does not allow the transport of tools, documentation or any other object useful for the crane maintenance personnel. Finally, this device cannot constitute a work platform, for maintenance personnel.
  • French patent application No. 2,682,098 describes a safety device, for tower cranes and others, which includes a cable and a counterweight, the cable being intended to be connected, by a hook which is fixed to a belt or harness, with the person using the scale.
  • This document does not provide any protection that would accompany the person moving along the ladder and who would surround that person, and the ladder remains fitted with a classic fixed crinoline, while the present invention specifically aims to remove the crinoline and its drawbacks.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy the disadvantages outlined above, by providing a method and a device for secure access to a high driving, especially in the cabin of a tower crane, which limit the effects of wind to increase the mechanical resistance and the autonomy height of the crane, and which facilitate the folding of the crane for its road transport, while ensuring ergonomics and optimum safety, both during the ascent and lowering the mast only when the crane operator the ladder to the cabin, and vice versa.
  • the personal protection is trained, along the mast, by through a harness resting on the shoulders of the crane operator, or a harness supporting the crane operator.
  • the personal protective device can thus accompany the crane operator, during the climb or the descending the ladder, which are always carried out in a normal gesture, the crane operator putting his hands and feet on the rungs of the ladder.
  • the device for secure access at a high operator position, especially on a crane turn, for the implementation of the process defined above, includes a personal protective carrycot, accessible from the outside, inside which the crane operator can stand upright, the basket being provided with holding and guiding means on the ladder or ladders of the mast, and a harness or harness for its training by the crane operator, the device further comprising means of compensation for the weight of the basket and the means immobilization of said nacelle.
  • the protective nacelle is presents as a rigid structure closed but perforated, composed of horizontal arches joined by rails vertical, of a floor located at its base and having a function of rest and intervention platform, and, possibly, a protective roof in its part superior.
  • this structure provides protection lateral, dorsal, lower and, if applicable, superior.
  • the floor also allows to lay in any safety of tools or documentation necessary for maintenance staff.
  • the protective nacelle is provided with an access door lateral, opening inwards, and a hatch relief in the floor.
  • the side door facilitates the access of the crane operator inside the nacelle, when it is in the low position, and it above all allows, in the high position of the nacelle, a safe passage of the crane operator from the gondola to the cabin, and vice versa.
  • the fact that the door opens only towards the inside of the nacelle avoids any risk falling from being pushed against this door, or an untimely opening whatever the cause, while the nacelle is located at an intermediate height.
  • the means of holding and guiding the protective basket consist of pairs of rollers mounted in rows respectively on cross members symmetrically fixed on either side of the nacelle, on the one hand, at its lower part or floor and, on the other hand, to a intermediate level between the bottom or floor and the upper part of the nacelle, the pairs of rollers continuously supported on the amounts of the ladder or ladders of the mast.
  • the means of compensating for the weight of the gondola protection consists of a winch, equipped with a motor torque, attached to the top of the mast, the winch cable descending directly above the nacelle and being fixed in a point located at the top of said nacelle.
  • these consist of a reel fitted with an anti-fall device operating by inertia, known per se, fixed at the top of the mast substantially in line with the nacelle, the cable the reel being fixed at a point located at the part upper of said nacelle.
  • inertia operating by inertia, known per se
  • the previously defined device is more particularly applicable to access to a cabin of a self-erecting tower crane, telescopic mast or foldable composed of successive mast elements carrying respective scales, on which is maintained and guided the protective basket. It can be, between others, of a tower crane whose cabin, to which this device gives access, is itself mobile along the crane mast, and in particular guided on the same scales than the protective basket.
  • a cabin can be immobilized at any intermediate height, and note that the device according to the invention allows in this case access to the cabin, whatever its level immobilization.
  • the invention is applicable to a tower crane with telescopic mast in which scales, other than the item scale lower mast, are rigidly fixed, only by their upper part at the top of the mast element corresponding, the scales being offset transversely with respect to each other and being provided with a central rail for holding and guiding from the lower end of the ladder of the mast element immediately higher, this end being equipped a rolling and / or sliding means cooperating with the rail.
  • These provisions allow the mast to be telescoped with its ladders, and ensure the maintenance in position of ladders, to allow the passage of the gondola protection from one ladder to the next, when climbing, or to the previous one, during its descent.
  • the tower crane represented as a whole at Figures 1 to 4, comprises in a known manner a base frame fixed or rolling 1 supporting, by means of a orientation device 2 with vertical axis 3, a chassis turning 4 which carries a mast 5.
  • This tower crane is provided with a dispensing arrow 6, carried by the top of the mast 5 and kept horizontal by means of a tie rod 7, a punch 8 and a rear shroud 9, connected to the rear of the rotating chassis 4.
  • the mast 5 is telescopic. It consists of three mast elements successive 10, 11, 12 including cross sections are different and decreasing from bottom to high, to allow telescoping. Each mast element 10, 11, 12 carries a ladder, respectively 13, 14, 15, laterally attached to this mast element. As shown schematically in FIGS. 2 and 4, the scales 13, 14, 15 are offset transversely, relative to each other to others; this provision will be explained below.
  • the crane is provided with a cabin 16, carried by the mast 5 and offset laterally with respect to this mast 5 and arrow 6.
  • the cabin 16 occupies in particular, when the crane is in service, a high position, at the top of the mast 5.
  • this cabin 16 can also be immobilized at an intermediate height on mast 5, when the crane is in service, or be lowered at the foot of the mast 5 for folding the crane, said cabin 16 being guided on ladders 13, 14, 15.
  • the crane is equipped with a device for access to cabin 16, placed at the chosen height, this device allowing the crane operator safely access cabin 16 from the ground.
  • the device generally comprises a nacelle of protection 17 inside which the crane operator can stand stand upright, means of compensation 18 for the weight of the nacelle 17, and means 19 for immobilizing said basket 17.
  • the nacelle protection 17 has a rigid, closed structure but openwork, composed of horizontal arches 20 joined by vertical beams 21, a floor 22 located at the base of the structure, and a harness 23 located in the half superior of this structure.
  • the protective nacelle 17 is equipped, at the level from floor 22 and at an intermediate level between the floor 22 and harness 23, of two superimposed pairs horizontal rails 24 and 25, symmetrically fixed on either side of the nacelle 17.
  • the crosspieces 24 and 25 carry rollers 26 and 27 respectively, with axes horizontal, spaced horizontally from the thickness e of uprights 28 of the ladders 13, 14, 15 of the mast 5.
  • each crosspiece 24 or 25 carries four rollers 26 or 27 mounted in lines, sparing between them three identical free spaces of value e, corresponding respectively when passing the uprights 28, offset horizontally, different scales 13, 14, 15.
  • the protective nacelle 17 is still provided a side access door 29, articulated around an axis vertical 30 and opening towards the inside of the nacelle (see Figure 6), and an emergency hatch 31 provided in floor 22.
  • nacelle 17 The upper part of nacelle 17, indicated in 32, possibly forms a protective roof, not shown in detail.
  • the means of compensation 18 for the weight of the nacelle 17 consist, in the examples considered, of a winch 33, fitted with a torque motor, the cable 34 of which is fixed, at an attachment point 35, to the upper part 32 of the nacelle 17.
  • the winch 33 is fixed to the top of the mast 5; it can in particular be supported by the platform 36 of the crane lifting winch.
  • the immobilization means 19 of the nacelle of protection 17 consist, for their part, of a reel 37 automatically unwinding or winding a cable 38 which is fixed, at a point of attachment 39, to the upper part 32 of the nacelle 17.
  • the reel 37 is provided with a anti-fall device operating by inertia; he can still be provided with a control cable, provided for manual control.
  • This reel 37 is fixed at the top of mast 5, and it can in particular be supported by the platform 36 of the crane lifting winch.
  • the means of immobilization 19 previously described allow immobilization of the nacelle protection 17 at any intermediate height. These means are advantageously supplemented by means, mechanical or electro-mechanical, for locking platform nacelle 17 in the low position and in high position, with manual unlocking.
  • the crane is in the assembled state with the cabin 16 arranged at the top of mast 5 (cabin 16 having been previously brought to the top of the mast, if it is a cabin that can also occupy a low position).
  • the gondola protection 17 is in the low position, and it is accessible from the rotating chassis 4, by through a recipe platform 40.
  • the nacelle 17 first moves along the lower element 10 of the mast 5, the first pairs of rollers 26 and 27 ensuring its guidance and its maintenance on the amounts 28 of the scale 13 associated with this element lower 10.
  • the second pairs of rollers 26 and 27 take over from the first pairs of rollers, ensuring continuity of guidance and maintenance on the uprights 28 of the following scale 14.
  • the third pairs of rollers 26 and 27 intervene to ensure continuity guiding and holding on the uprights 28 of the last scale 15.
  • the nacelle 17 thus accompanies the crane operator, during the entire ascent of the mast 5, ensuring side and back protection, one position intermediate of nacelle 17 being indicated on the figure 2.
  • the nacelle 17 arrives, with the crane operator, in its high position located at the cabin 16 - see figures 3 and 4.
  • the nacelle 17 is automatically locks in this high position, and the crane operator accesses directly inside the cabin 16, the door of which comes in correspondence with the door lateral 29 of nacelle 17, the relative arrangement of cabin 16 and nacelle 17 also appearing clearly in Figure 6.
  • harness 23 To ensure correct operation, uphill as downhill, harness 23 must exercise in permanently an effort directed downwards and substantially constant, of the order of a few kilograms, over the shoulders of the crane operator. The value of this effort is regulated by via the winch torque motor 33 compensation for the weight of the nacelle 17. In others terms, the self-weight of this nacelle 17 must not be fully compensated, so that harness 23 remains resting on the crane operator's shoulders.
  • the previously described device allows the crane operator, locking gondola 17, to rest at any time during its climb or descent along mast 5, placing itself on the floor 22.
  • This device also allows the crane operator to intervene in any intermediate point in the path between the ground and the cabin 16, the floor 22 of the nacelle 17 making then office work platform. During such interventions, the harness 23 can be retracted so as not to not hinder the crane operator in his movements.
  • FIGS 7 to 9 show another form of realization of the protective nacelle 17, in which unmodified elements (compared to the first form are designated by the same references, and do not will not be described again.
  • the harness is replaced by a harness 41, composed of one or more straps moored to the rigid structure of the nacelle 17.
  • the means of compensation 18 exert an effort here on the nacelle directed upwards which is greater than the dead weight of nacelle 17, so that the harness 41 supports the crane operator at all times. It is thus guaranteed that the nacelle 17 accompanies the crane operator during the ascent or lowering the mast 5.
  • Figures 10 and 11 show details of scales 13, 14, 15 respectively associated with the three elements 10, 11, 12 of the telescopic mast 5.
  • the ladder 13 of the lower mast member 10 is located closest to the central axis 3 of the mast 5.
  • the ladder 14 of the mast element intermediate 11 is offset towards the outside, relative to the previous scale 13.
  • the scale 15 of the element of upper mast 12 is itself offset towards the outside, compared to the previous scale 14.
  • the two scales 14 and 15, other than scale 13 of the mast element lower 10, are rigidly fixed only by their upper part at the top of the mast element 11 or 12 correspondent, through a pair horizontal spacers 42.
  • the ends lower of the two scales 14 and 15 are maintained and guided, respectively, on the two scales 13 and 14.
  • each scale 13, 14, 15 comprises, over its entire height, a vertical median rail 43, of "T" section.
  • the lower end of the ladder upper 15 is provided with a holding pad and guide 44, engaged on the middle rail 43 of the ladder intermediate 14.
  • the lower end of this intermediate ladder 14 is provided with a holding and guiding 45, engaged on the middle rail of the lower scale 13.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Verfahren für das sichere Besteigen eines erhöhten Fahrerplatzes, insbesondere an einem Kran oder einem Turm, der über einen Mast oder etwas ähnliches (5) aus einem oder mehreren Teilen (10,11,12) zugänglich ist, der seitlich mit einem oder mehreren Zugangsleitern (13,14,15) zu einem Fahrerplatz oder einer Kabine (16) versehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es aus der Verwendung einer individuellen mobilen Schutzvorrichtung (17,18,19) entlang des Mastes (5) besteht, die an der Leiter oder nacheinander an den Leitern (13,14,15) gehalten und geführt ist und über die gesamte Länge des Mastes (5) mit Hilfe eines Geschirrs (23)angetrieben wird, das auf den Schultern des Kranführers ruht, über den Weg des Kranführers während seines Aufstiegs über die Leiter oder die Leitern (13,14,15) bis zu der Kabine (16) und umgekehrt wärend seines Abstiegs von der Kabine (16).
  2. Vorrichtung für das sichere Besteigen eines erhöhten Fahrerplatzes, insbesondere an einem Kran mit einem Turm, für die Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine individuelle Schutzgondel (17) umfaßt, die von außen zugänglich ist und in deren Inneren der Kranführer aufrecht stehen kann, wobei die Gondel (17) mit Einrichtungen für die Halterung und Führung (24,25,26,27) an der oder den Leitern (13,14,15) des Mastes (5) versehen ist, und ein Geschirr (23) oder einen Gurt (41) für den Eingriff mit dem Kranführer, wobei die Vorrichtungen darüber hinaus Einrichtungen für die Kompensation des Gewichtes (18) der Gondel (17) aufweist und Einrichtungen für das Festsetzen (19) der Gondel (17).
  3. Vorrichtung für das sichere Besteigen eines erhöhten Fahrerplatzes nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Schutzgondel (17) als geschlossene, stabile aber durchbrochene Struktur darstellt, die aus horizontalen Bögen (20) gemacht ist, die über vertikale Profile (21), eine Platte (22), die an ihrer Basis angeordnet ist und die Funktion einer Ruhe- oder Eingriffplattform hat, und eventuell einem Schutzdach (32) in ihrem oberen Teil verbunden sind.
  4. Vorrichtung für das sichere Besteigen eines erhöhten Fahrerplatzes nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schutzgondel (17) mit einer seitlichen Zugangstür (29) versehen ist, die sich nach Innen öffnet sowie mit einer in der Platte (22) ausgebildeten Notfalltür (31).
  5. Vorrichtung für das sichere Besteigen eines erhöhten Fahrerplatzes nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einrichtungen für die Halterung und Führung der Schutzgondel (17) aus Paaren von Scheiben (26, 27) bestehen, die jeweils in einer Reihe an Traversen (24,25) montiert sind, die symmetrisch beidseits der Gondel (17) befestigt sind, einerseits auf der Höhe ihres unteren Teiles oder der Platte (22) und andererseits auf einer mittleren Höhe zwischen dem unteren Teil oder der Platte (22) und dem oberen Teil (32) der Gondel (17), wobei die Scheibenpaare (26,27) kontinuierlich in Eingriff mit den Streben (28) der Leiter oder der Leitern (13,14,15) des Mastes (5) stehen.
  6. Vorrichtung für das sichere Besteigen eines erhöhten Fahrerplatzes nach Anspruch 5,dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Freiräume, die im wesentlichen der Stärke (e) der Streben (28) der Leitern (13,14,15) des Mastes entsprechen, zwischen den unterschiedlichen Linien der Scheiben (26,27) angeordnet sind, in Übereinstimmung mit den unterschiedlichen Positionen der Leitern (13,14,15) an den aufeinanderfolgenden Elementen des Mastes (10,11,12), mit voneinander unterschiedlichen Querschnitten.
  7. Vorrichtung für das sichere Besteigen eines erhöhten Fahrerplatzes nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einrichtungen der Kompensation (18) des Gewichtes der Schutzgondel (17) aus einer Winde (33) bestehen, die mit einem gekoppelten Motor versehen ist, welcher an der Spitze des Mastes (5) befestigt ist, wobei sich das Kabel (34) der Winde (33) im wesentlichen über der Gondel (17) erstreckt und an einem Punkt (35) an dem oberen Teil (32) der Gondel (17) befestigt ist.
  8. Vorrichtung für das sichere Besteigen eines erhöhten Fahrerplatzes nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 7,dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einrichtungen für das Festsetzen (19) der Schutzgondel (17) aus einem Wickler (37) bestehen, der mit einer durch Trägheit wirkenden Anti-Fallvorrichtungen versehen ist, die an der Spitze des Mastes (5) im wesentlichen über der Gondel (17) befestigt ist, wobei das Kabel (38) des Wicklers (37) an einem Punkt (39) befestigt ist, die sich im oberen Teil (32) der Gondel (17) befindet.
  9. Vorrichtung für das sichere Besteigen eines erhöhten Fahrerplatzes nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 8, gekennzeichnet durch seine Anwendung auf den Zugang zu einer Kabine (16) eines Krans mit einem Turm mit automatisierter Montage, mit einem teleskopischen oder faltbaren Mast (5) der aus aufeinanderfolgenden Elementen des Mastes (10,11,12) zusammengestellt ist und der jeweilige Leitern (13,14,15) trägt, an denen die Schutzgondel (17) gehalten und geführt ist.
  10. Vorrichtung für das sichere Besteigen eines erhöhten Fahrerplatzes an einem Kran mit einem Turm gemäß Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kabine (16), zu der die Vorrichtung Zugang gewährt, selbst entlang des Mastes (5) des Krans beweglich ist und insbesondere an denselben Leitern (13,14,15) geführt ist, wie die Schutzgondel (17).
  11. Vorrichtung für das sichere Besteigen eines erhöhten Fahrerplatzes an einem Kran mit einem Turm mit einem teleskopischen Mast nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leitern (14,15), anders als die Leiter (13) des untersten Mastelementes (10) nur in ihrem oberen Teil an der Spitze des entsprechenden Mastelementes (11,12) fest fixiert sind, wobei die Leitern (13,14,15) seitlich zueinander versetzt und mit einer Mittelschiene (43) versehen sind, für die Halterung und die Führung des äußeren Endes der Leiter (14,15) des unmittelbar darüberliegenden Elementes des Mastes (11,12), wobei dieses untere Ende mit einer Roll- und/oder einer Gleiteinrichtung (44,45) versehen ist, die mit der Schiene (43) zusammenwirkt.
EP19970420048 1996-04-16 1997-03-21 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum sicheren Besteigen einer Kabine, insbesondere auf einem Turmkran Expired - Lifetime EP0803466B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9604980A FR2747380B1 (fr) 1996-04-16 1996-04-16 Procede et dispositif pour l'acces securise a un poste de conduite eleve, notamment sur une grue a tour
FR9604980 1996-04-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0803466A1 EP0803466A1 (de) 1997-10-29
EP0803466B1 true EP0803466B1 (de) 1998-10-07

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EP (1) EP0803466B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH1045381A (de)
DE (1) DE69700034T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2747380B1 (de)

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CN116986496A (zh) * 2023-08-02 2023-11-03 四川锦城建筑机械有限责任公司 一种超大型塔机标准节变频控制的引进系统

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CH665825A5 (en) * 1985-02-06 1988-06-15 Emil Huggler Ag Crane with height adjustable driver's cab - with adjustment achieved by crane's own lifting mechanism
FR2675196B1 (fr) * 1991-04-12 1998-09-04 Hek France Echelle de secours avec ascenseur incorpore.
FR2682098A1 (fr) * 1991-10-04 1993-04-09 Roux Etudes Realisations Dispositif de securite pour grues, pylones et structures analogues.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2747380A1 (fr) 1997-10-17
EP0803466A1 (de) 1997-10-29
FR2747380B1 (fr) 1998-05-22
DE69700034T2 (de) 1999-04-01
DE69700034D1 (de) 1998-11-12
JPH1045381A (ja) 1998-02-17

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