EP0781445B1 - Absorbeur phonique a plusieurs couches pour l'absorption d'ondes acoustiques - Google Patents

Absorbeur phonique a plusieurs couches pour l'absorption d'ondes acoustiques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0781445B1
EP0781445B1 EP95931221A EP95931221A EP0781445B1 EP 0781445 B1 EP0781445 B1 EP 0781445B1 EP 95931221 A EP95931221 A EP 95931221A EP 95931221 A EP95931221 A EP 95931221A EP 0781445 B1 EP0781445 B1 EP 0781445B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
layers
absorber
accordance
spacers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95931221A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0781445A1 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Roller
Klaus Pfaffelhuber
Stefan Lahner
Gerhard Köck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Faist Automotive GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
M Faist GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
Application filed by M Faist GmbH and Co KG filed Critical M Faist GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0781445A1 publication Critical patent/EP0781445A1/fr
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/162—Selection of materials
    • G10K11/168—Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sound absorber for absorption of acoustic sound waves according to the generic term of claim 1.
  • DE 92 15 132 U1 is an airborne sound-absorbing molded part known for use in the engine compartment of motor vehicles, which consists of a film layer and a porous insulation layer.
  • the molded part consists of an open-pore PU foam that is sealed on all sides by a PU film.
  • sound absorbers are known (DE-U-92 15 132, DE-C-3 039 651, 4 011 705, 4 317 828 and 4 334 984), the sound absorbing Molded parts made of closed-cell PP foam, PE fleece bonded with binder, polymeric materials or the like; there are also uncovered ones Helmholtz resonators are used.
  • a sound absorber for absorbing sound from a relative large frequency spectrum is known for example also from US Pat. No. 3,439,774.
  • Two layers are used spaced by a honeycomb spacer is kept and it is ensured that the layers micropores exhibit.
  • the micropores are based on a special selection rule dimension: The porosity of the outer, a relatively high layer facing the sound Permeability, i.e. Permeability to sound waves, and the other, facing away from the sound, a comparative one have lower sound permeability.
  • Such Layers are made of stainless steel, for example, a pore size between 50 and 500 microns.
  • the invention has for its object a sound absorber to improve the genus mentioned in that the greatest possible sound absorption with as little material expenditure as possible he follows.
  • the invention is characterized in claim 1 and in subclaims preferred trainings are claimed. Also the following description relates to preferred forms of training.
  • the sound absorbing component from a sequence of layers of different densities and Stiffness, which may be laterally interrupted or can be separated by bars and spacers.
  • This Layers consist of foils, fleeces, foams, others membrane-like materials or fabrics or even from one Gas, which can expediently also be air.
  • Essential for the acoustic effectiveness of this component it is that the successive materials very clearly - almost abruptly - in their density and in their rigidity differentiate. This leads to the transition points Reflections of the sound waves moving back and forth in the absorber, which, with suitable dimensions, leads to good sound absorption leads in certain preselectable frequency ranges.
  • this layer system Limit webs or pressings and spacers laterally. This allows the individual materials to be fixed and there is a possibility of different in different places Material sequences and therefore different sound absorptions in the corresponding frequency ranges (absorption spectra) to realize.
  • One of the layers can expediently be used as a carrier layer, i.e. designed as a carrier body, in particular with a high mass be.
  • the carrier body can then be used as a shell or trough-like carrier shell be formed while the spacers - or Interlayers - what other thin layers in the distance hold from the carrier shell, designed and arranged in this way are that between the layers and the carrier shell Result in resonance chambers.
  • the sound absorbing Effect is mainly achieved by that the gas modules between the layers by the incident Sound waves are caused to vibrate.
  • the particular one gas modules consisting of air have an area-related Stiffness with the mass coatings of the layers and the coupled ambient air forms a mass-spring system, which in the Range of resonance frequencies to minima of acoustic impedance and therefore leads to sound absorption.
  • the absorber can be connected in series idealize masses and feathers.
  • Per mass-spring pair there is a minimum of acoustic impedance on the absorber surface, which in turn leads to a resonance in the absorption curve of the component in question.
  • the carrier layer is preferably selected from a material which is characterized by the following properties:
  • the carrier layer It is advisable to deep-draw the carrier layer, To manufacture injection presses or the like without cutting; also press forming, in particular fibrous structures is suitable for this. It is recommended that the resonance chambers surfaces of the carrier layer facing away from the contours adjust which of the visible side of the sound absorber, for example the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, facing are.
  • the carrier layer can be the dashboard of the motor vehicle to create in the engine compartment Sound waves from entering the passenger compartment prevent.
  • the carrier layer can therefore also be a component that is necessary anyway, for example, a partition made of sheet metal, without the sound absorber needs an additional carrier shell, itself if the sound absorber prefers an integrated unit forms, which are prefabricated and integrated at the place of their application Unit is installed.
  • the layers should have a layer thickness in the range of 10 ⁇ m - 5 mm. Use is particularly recommended a polyurethane elastomer (PU), polypropylene (PP) and / or of polyester (PET) for the layers. It is advisable also, the layers of carbon, PAN- (polyacrylonitrile) or natural fibers and / or made of fiber-reinforced thermoplastic produce or from mixtures of these fibers. You can especially with the natural fiber materials flax, coconut, sisal, Jute, hemp or cellulose are used, which are either thermoplastic bound, more or less pressed or with natural binders, e.g. Lignin or starch, bound could be.
  • PU polyurethane elastomer
  • PP polypropylene
  • PET polyester
  • the layers of carbon, PAN- (polyacrylonitrile) or natural fibers and / or made of fiber-reinforced thermoplastic produce or from mixtures of these fibers. You can especially with the natural fiber materials flax
  • the spacers should be spaced between each other the carrier layer and the further layers can be arranged, that the resonance chambers each of the carrier shell on one End and one of the layers at the other end or between the Layers themselves are completed.
  • the layers with the resonance chambers To provide openings; the carrier layer can also have openings exhibit.
  • Very simple spacers are formed by web or plate-shaped Columns formed between the layers pull out and arranged substantially at right angles to these are; the spacers can also be different Angles to these aggregates of the sound absorber run, if for spatial reasons, for example Accommodation of other components, such as electrical components, or is appropriate for resonance purposes.
  • the spacers are made of PU (polyurethane elastomer), PET (polyester), PP- (polypropylene), carbon, PAN- (polyacrylonitrile) or natural fibers and / or made of fiber-reinforced thermoplastic or from mixtures of these fibers, similar to the material composition of layers.
  • the spacers are made of fleece, foam or foil.
  • Spacers made of a foam made of polyurethane elastomer (PU) or from a PET (polyester) fleece; in this case wear the spacers themselves for sound absorption in the form of a Combination of the "layer absorber” and “insulation absorbers”. This combination allows certain frequency spectra “Tailor” the sound absorption to a certain extent.
  • the spacers made of deep-drawn material in particular made of the same material as either the layers or the carrier layer consists.
  • the chamber is also protected against pollution (see Fig. 3).
  • FIG. 1 shows a sequence of each as an exemplary embodiment thin layers 2 or membranes (foil, fleece, foam etc.) with the corresponding intermediate layers 3a.
  • This Intermediate layers 3a form simple resonance chambers 4, which can be filled with gas and especially air.
  • a layer of very high mass 1 like they are formed, for example, as a carrier shell of an engine capsule is.
  • FIG. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of FIG. 1, in which the spacers 3a, i.e. the intermediate layers porous absorber material such as Foam or non-woven material consist. Instead of the air layers, these increase here Materials damping the resulting resonances, leading to a broadening of the absorption curve in the area of the concerned Leads resonance maxima.
  • the spacers 3a i.e. the intermediate layers porous absorber material such as Foam or non-woven material consist.
  • these increase here Materials damping the resulting resonances, leading to a broadening of the absorption curve in the area of the concerned Leads resonance maxima.
  • Figure 3 shows a system of layers 2 (membranes) and Intermediate layers 3a (air), which is laterally used as supports, in particular support walls or webs formed spacers 3b is delimited. These spacers 3b, which advantageously integrally connected to the carrier layer 1 can be used to fix the individual layers 2. Furthermore, different layer sequences can be made Realize in different places, making different large resonance chambers 4 arise. This is another Ability to vary the absorption spectra.
  • Figure 4 shows an alternative embodiment of the system according to Figure 3, here the intermediate layers 3a made of nonwoven or foam and similar tasks as in Figure 2 fulfill.
  • Figure 5 shows a layer sequence made by thermoforming or (Warm) presses etc. shaped layers 2 (membrane), which applied to the corresponding spacers 3b (webs) are. Due to the different degree of deformation realize different layer spacings here. Thereby arise resonance chambers 4 of different sizes, which too Here, depending on the location and location, a great variety ensure for the absorption spectra.
  • Figure 6 shows analogous to the previous embodiments a system according to Figure 5, wherein the corresponding intermediate layers 3a from appropriate fleeces, foams or Foils exist that dampen the corresponding resonance maxima.
  • the absorber consists of a superimposition of absorber chambers 4, which are shared by a largely flat cover membrane 5 or cover film are covered. Thin layers 2 are arranged between the absorber chambers 4, with the cover membrane 5 and the support shell 1 certain places can be connected. This additional The top layer improves due to its additional acoustic effectiveness the absorption. Instead, it may be enough only a single layer of absorber chambers 4 on the Build carrier layer 1 and with a cover film as a thinner Cover layer 2.
  • FIG. 8 shows a layer system made up of layers 2, which pass through lateral pressing or welding onto the carrier layer 1 are fixed.
  • This embodiment is recommended especially with a sequence of foil, fleece, foil, fleece (e.g. PES film, PET fleece ... or PP film, PP fleece ...) or Foil, foam, foil, foam (e.g. PU foil, PU foam, PU foil, PU foam) or different with a sequence of nonwovens Compression.
  • Types of material are used.
  • the carrier shell 1 is trough-shaped; it exists e.g. from GMT and is prefabricated using the deep-drawing process. Pull from the inside 1b of the carrier shell 1 plate-shaped spacers 3b substantially perpendicular to Level of the carrier shell 1 to the point at which they to support the spanned as a thin layer 2 effective film. The film is on the edge with the edge la the carrier shell 1 glued. The film is stretched tight. Resonance chambers are formed between the carrier shell 1 and the film 4 formed.
  • the film is e.g. made of polypropylene, while the Spacers 3b made of the same material as the carrier shell 1 exist and with this also in one piece, for example in Injection molding process can be made.
  • FIG. 9a is the thin layer 2 to improve the Absorbance at high frequencies with a thin layer of foam or fleece layer 10 and a thin cover film 11 or covered with a thin cover fleece.
  • the carrier shell 1 is e.g. made from GMT and brought into the shell shape shown here in the pressing process. At a distance from each other are on the inside 1b of the carrier shell 1 spacer 3b in the form of foam strips made of polyurethane elastomer and / or polyester fleece introduced. Their breadth is much smaller than their distance so that the Resonance chambers 4 between the carrier shell 1 and the the spacers 3b and the edge la of the carrier shell 1 stretched Form film or thin cover layer 2.
  • the carrier shell 1 is a deep-drawn trough-shaped Component e.g. from GMT.
  • the Tips 6 of the spacers 3b are attached, which thereby are connected that they are a deep-drawn component form in particular polypropylene.
  • the resonance chambers 4 the side facing away from the carrier shell 1 not only by the Layer 2, but also by connecting the spacers 3b Bridges 7 covered.
  • the resonance chambers 4b Helmholtz resonators can be inserted into the connecting webs 7 produce.
  • the openings 4b are covered by the layer 2 and thus the resonance chambers 4 are protected against contamination.
  • the cover layer 2 and the spacers 3b are not made are made of the same material as polypropylene (PP), what favors disposal can be by choosing another Material or by varying the material thickness of the mass coating can be adapted even better to the desired resonance frequency.
  • the sound absorber according to the invention thus forms a layer resonance absorber, in which the layer sequence is preferably such built up by cascading and possibly side by side and is dimensioned so that a maximum per mass-spring pair arises in the absorption curve.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Absorbeur à couches pour l'absorption d'ondes acoustiques transmises par l'air comportant un nombre de couches (1,2) , parmi lesquelles au moins une couche mince (2) d'une épaisseur comprise entre 0, 01 et 5 mm, qui sont maintenueS à distance les unes des autres, caractérisé en ce que d'une part les couches (1, 2) et d'autre part les couches intermédiaires (3a) ou écarteurs (3b), assurant la distance entre celles-ci, présentent des densités et/ou des rigidités différentes, et en ce que les couches intermédiaires (3a) ou écarteurs (3b) sont réalisés et disposés de manière que dans les espaces intermédiaires entre les couches (1, 2) soient formées plusieurs chambres de résonance (4).
  2. Absorbeur à couches selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'une des couches est formée en tant que couche de support, corps de support ou profilé de support (1) de grande masse et en ce qu'au moins un écarteur (3a, 3b) forme plusieurs chambres de résonance (4) remplies de gaz, entre au moins une couche mince (2) et la couche de support (1).
  3. Absorbeur à couches selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la couche de support (1) est formée en tant que corps de support du type d'une coque ou du type d'un bac.
  4. Absorbeur à couches selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la succession des couches de l'absorbeur est dimensionnée et constituée par un montage successif de masses et de ressorts, de manière que la courbe d'absorption présente un maximum par paire masse-ressort.
  5. Absorbeur à couches selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que des chambres de résonance (4) ou des paires masse-ressort sont accordées sur des fréquences de résonance différentes.
  6. Absorbeur à couches selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un écarteur est conformé en tant que couche intermédiaire (3a).
  7. Absorbeur à couches selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les couches (1, 2) et/ou les écarteurs (3a, 3b) sont faits d'un non-tissé, d'une mousse ou d'un film.
  8. Absorbeur à couches selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les couches minces (1, 2) et/ou les écarteurs (3a, 3b) sont en PU (élastomère de polyuréthanne), PET (polyester), PP (polypropylène), PE (polyéthylène), ABS (polymérisat d'acrylnitrile/butadiène styrène), PAN (polyacrylnitrile) et/ou en matière thermoplastique renforcée aux fibres et/ou en matière thermodurcissable renforcée aux fibres.
  9. Absorbeur à couches selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que les couches minces (1, 2) comportent des non-tissés faits de fibres des matières suivantes: PET, PP, carbone, PAN, PI (polyimide) et/ou en fibres naturelles.
  10. Absorbeur à couches selon l'une des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisé en ce que des couches minces (1, 2) et/ou des écarteurs (3a, 3b) sont pressés de manière à devenir durs.
  11. Absorbeur à couches selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un écarteur (3a, 3b) est formé d'une seule pièce avec une couche (1, 2).
  12. Absorbeur à couches selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le corps de support (1) est réalisé d'une seule pièce avec un écarteur (3b) et/ou des bords des couches (2, 3a) sont fixés sur le bord (1a) du corps de support (1).
  13. Absorbeur à couches selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un film de couverture (5) commun, en particulier du type d'une membrane et/ou un non-tissé est disposé sur tout l'absorbeur phonique, sur le côté tourné vers l'arrivée du bruit, de manière à recouvrir les chambres de résonance (4).
EP95931221A 1994-09-14 1995-08-29 Absorbeur phonique a plusieurs couches pour l'absorption d'ondes acoustiques Expired - Lifetime EP0781445B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9414943U DE9414943U1 (de) 1994-09-14 1994-09-14 Folienresonanzabsorber
DE9414943U 1994-09-14
PCT/EP1995/003401 WO1996008812A1 (fr) 1994-09-14 1995-08-29 Absorbeur phonique a plusieurs couches pour l'absorption d'ondes acoustiques

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0781445A1 EP0781445A1 (fr) 1997-07-02
EP0781445B1 true EP0781445B1 (fr) 1998-07-29

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EP95931221A Expired - Lifetime EP0781445B1 (fr) 1994-09-14 1995-08-29 Absorbeur phonique a plusieurs couches pour l'absorption d'ondes acoustiques

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US6186270B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP0781445B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3307648B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100285319B1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ288450B6 (fr)
DE (2) DE9414943U1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2119468T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL180618B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996008812A1 (fr)

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DE102019128209A1 (de) * 2019-10-18 2021-04-22 Daniel Mohr Schallabsorbierende Vorrichtung mit Noppenfolienverbund

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DE4011705A1 (de) * 1990-04-11 1991-10-17 Freudenberg Carl Fa Luftschall absorbierendes formteil
FR2671899A1 (fr) * 1991-01-21 1992-07-24 Composite Ind Revetement pour l'absorption acoustique passive large bande dans un liquide.
DE4237513A1 (de) * 1992-11-07 1994-05-11 Helmut Pelzer Luftschall absorbierendes Formteil
DE4317828C1 (de) * 1993-05-28 1994-06-09 Freudenberg Carl Fa Luftschall absorbierendes Formteil
DE4334984C1 (de) * 1993-10-14 1995-01-19 Freudenberg Carl Fa Schall absorbierendes Formteil

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202012101648U1 (de) * 2012-05-04 2013-08-06 Faist Chemtec Gmbh Schalldämpfende Folie
DE102019128209A1 (de) * 2019-10-18 2021-04-22 Daniel Mohr Schallabsorbierende Vorrichtung mit Noppenfolienverbund
DE102019128209B4 (de) 2019-10-18 2023-02-02 Daniel Mohr Schallabsorbierende Vorrichtung mit Noppenfolienverbund und Verwendung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0781445A1 (fr) 1997-07-02
PL180618B1 (pl) 2001-03-30
CZ288450B6 (en) 2001-06-13
DE9414943U1 (de) 1996-01-18
WO1996008812A1 (fr) 1996-03-21
US6186270B1 (en) 2001-02-13
CZ341796A3 (en) 1997-03-12
KR970703574A (ko) 1997-07-03
ES2119468T3 (es) 1998-10-01
PL316782A1 (en) 1997-02-17
KR100285319B1 (ko) 2001-11-22
JPH10506477A (ja) 1998-06-23
DE59503008D1 (de) 1998-09-03
JP3307648B2 (ja) 2002-07-24

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