EP0780658A2 - Grenade à main fumigène rapide - Google Patents

Grenade à main fumigène rapide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0780658A2
EP0780658A2 EP96120665A EP96120665A EP0780658A2 EP 0780658 A2 EP0780658 A2 EP 0780658A2 EP 96120665 A EP96120665 A EP 96120665A EP 96120665 A EP96120665 A EP 96120665A EP 0780658 A2 EP0780658 A2 EP 0780658A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piece
aluminum
head
fog
ignition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96120665A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0780658B1 (fr
EP0780658A3 (fr
Inventor
Peter Rayer
Norbert Dr.-Ing. Wardecki
Karl Raupp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Buck Neue Technologien GmbH
Original Assignee
Buck Chemisch Technische Werke GmbH and Co
Buck Werke GmbH and Co
Buck Neue Technologien GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Buck Chemisch Technische Werke GmbH and Co, Buck Werke GmbH and Co, Buck Neue Technologien GmbH filed Critical Buck Chemisch Technische Werke GmbH and Co
Publication of EP0780658A2 publication Critical patent/EP0780658A2/fr
Publication of EP0780658A3 publication Critical patent/EP0780658A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0780658B1 publication Critical patent/EP0780658B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/46—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances
    • F42B12/48—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances smoke-producing, e.g. infrared clouds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B27/00—Hand grenades

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a new hand grenade in the form of a rapid fog hand grenade.
  • Hand grenades are military melee weapons and are used to fight covert targets that are within range.
  • Hand grenades usually consist of a shell, an explosive filling and a detonator. If necessary, the shell of the hand grenade can be designed so that it splinters severely. In any case, the explosive charge is detonated by ignition.
  • Fog towers are known in various embodiments.
  • DE-B 11 85 510 and DE-B 14 28 657 have known smoke throwing bodies, the mist set of which can be brought into effect in a throwing agent container via a contact head.
  • EP-A 0 046 230 discloses a mist ejection body, the mist set of which consists of pressed bodies which are stacked in layers in a shell provided with longitudinal target breaking points and have a central recess in which an ignition set is arranged.
  • the mist agent has to be granulated and pressed into compacts.
  • throwing bodies are known with an electrically actuated contact head and a can-shaped throwing agent container arranged thereon and closed with a lid, which are fired from a shooting cup in order to attract and deceive missiles by infrared radiation.
  • the heavier components remaining when such a hand grenade is dismantled should not pose any risk of injury to the launcher operating this grenade. The same applies to the smoke.
  • a very stable cloud of fog can be built up in a very short time, which either serves to camouflage or to confuse the enemy.
  • the rapid fog hand grenade according to the invention it is possible to build up a cloud of fog with a diameter of up to 10 m within 1 to 2 seconds, which then remains in the air for up to 2 minutes.
  • the ingredients and the mist formed from them are not ecotoxicologically toxic.
  • the waste materials are at most slightly toxic, so that the environmental impact is low.
  • the individual massive parts of the rapid fog hand grenade are connected to each other so that the launcher cannot be injured.
  • the distributed fog particles are in turn so light that their placement extends within a maximum of 10 m around the point of disassembly and this also means that the thrower is not endangered.
  • a can made of another metal that is common for this purpose such as sheet metal, or also of a suitable plastic can be used, with degradable plastics in particular being used here for environmental reasons.
  • the detonator head of the quick-fog hand grenade according to the invention is constructed in a manner known per se, its securing bracket being distinguished primarily by the fact that its special shape and, in particular, its elongated bracket fork prevent it from unintentionally disengaging from the securing element arranged on the head piece. Furthermore, according to the invention, an undesired separation of the safety bracket after actuation of the detonator head and thus a danger for the thrower is caused prevents the securing bracket from being securely connected to the head piece of the ignition head via a connecting element, for which purpose this connecting element preferably consists of a steel cable, steel wire or steel bracket securely fixed to the parts to be connected in each case.
  • the head piece of the detonator head can be made of any material that is customary for this. It consists in particular of aluminum and is preferably made by die casting.
  • the firing cap arranged in the central bore of the head piece is a component which is customary in technology, the active component of which is initiated when the striking piece strikes via the firing pin arranged thereon, in such a way as to directly ignite the ignition delay element which is in operative connection with it and which is arranged in the insert piece of the ignition disassembly unit leads.
  • This striking piece, including its individual elements, is also constructed in a manner known per se.
  • the preferred aluminum can of the active mass body is preferably produced by deep drawing, extrusion or die casting. This enables simple manufacture of a compact can provided with a reinforced base, which is required both for reasons of strength and for the safe arrangement and assembly of the further components of the rapid-mist hand grenade according to the invention to be anchored in or around the base.
  • the ignition disassembly unit After the ignition disassembly unit has been arranged in the central bore of its reinforced base, which is preferably done via a screw thread, the aluminum can is provided with the elements to be arranged from its open base. This includes, inter alia, the shim, which is preferably present and lies on the ground and is acted upon by a spring, in particular a snap ring.
  • this also includes the connection element, which is preferably also present, provided that this is to be arranged in the annular gap between the thin-walled aluminum sleeve of the ignition disassembly unit and the fog agent arranged around it within the aluminum can.
  • this connecting element can first be fixed to the bottom of the aluminum can. The smoke medium in the form of flammable, disc-shaped or disc-sector-shaped thin sheets (flares) of low mass is then introduced into the aluminum can.
  • this can is firmly closed with a lid, which can be done using conventional measures and is preferably carried out by arranging an adhesive between the inner jacket of the lid and the outer jacket of the aluminum can assigned to it.
  • the connecting element which is present in the annular gap in a preferred embodiment must also be fastened to the base of the lid using measures which result in a secure connection of the reinforced base of the aluminum can with its lid.
  • This connecting element can consist, for example, of a securely fixed steel cable, steel wire or steel bracket, with a certain excess length preferably ensuring that this element can already be firmly fixed to the lid before the active substance body is laboratory-worked before it is finally put on.
  • a connecting element can also be a so-called sieve tube, as is customary per se for firmly connecting the bottom of such cans to the respective lid.
  • a sieve tube is simply arranged around the respective sleeve of the igniter disassembly unit, namely in an uncovered channel (for easy passage of the combustion gases) and fixed in a suitable manner, such as by screwing, to the parts to be connected.
  • the arrangement in a preferred embodiment, between the reinforced base and the adjacent top layer of the fog agent, consisting of a compensating disc loaded with a spring, preferably a snap ring, serves to compensate for dimensional tolerances and, above all, to ensure that the fog agent is thereby in the form of a compact Body is fixed in the aluminum can.
  • the aluminum can of the active mass body has radial or better longitudinal predetermined breaking points in its jacket, which are expediently longitudinal grooves arranged in the jacket of the aluminum can, which can be stamped in during the manufacture of the aluminum can.
  • These predetermined breaking points make it easier to disassemble the aluminum can and, at the same time, enable a clean all-round distribution of the fog agent contained in the aluminum can, with the result that the desired large area and a clean cloud of fog is formed, which remains in suspension for a relatively long time and is replenished by the burning smoke agent.
  • the pyrotechnic active substance to be applied to the carrier contains red phosphorus as the main active substance in order to generate the mist. It preferably consists of approximately 70% by weight to 80% by weight of pyrotechnic composition comprising red phosphorus and approximately 20% by weight to 30% by weight of a binder, which is preferably a pasty polyvinyl chloride. This pyrotechnic mass can also contain other customary additives, for example a proportion of magnesium, in order to further accelerate the formation of fog.
  • the flammable, disc-shaped or disc-sector-shaped thin leaflets correspond in their outer circumference to roughly the inner diameter of the aluminum can and in their inner circumference roughly to that to be inserted into the central channel formed thin-walled aluminum sleeve of the ignition disassembly unit.
  • a relatively narrow annular groove or at least one small channel is preferably left out, where the connecting element which is preferably arranged between the bottom of the aluminum can and its cover can be accommodated.
  • the special shape of the fog agent has the advantage that the fog agent can be arranged in a very economical and tightly packed manner in the aluminum can, these leaflets burning relatively slowly from the edge towards the center after being lit.
  • the carriers of the fog agent can be coated on one side or preferably on both sides with fog agent.
  • the third essential component of the rapid fog hand grenade according to the invention is an ignition disassembly unit Insert is preferably arranged tightly and tightly in the central bore of the reinforced bottom of the aluminum can via a screw thread.
  • the head part of this insert piece is firmly connected to the head piece of the igniter head by means of suitable means, preferably in turn a screw thread, the individual components also being gas-tightly sealed off from one another if necessary.
  • a thin-walled aluminum sleeve extending practically through the entire active mass body is arranged in the central bore of the insert.
  • the insert of the ignition disassembly unit can in turn consist of any material customary for this purpose and is preferably made of aluminum.
  • the igniter unit's thin-walled aluminum sleeve may contain a conventional igniter charge, but the active ingredient of this charge is preferably a classic pop set based on aluminum potassium perchlorate (Al / KClO 4 ), since such a set is far less toxic than a set based on it of magnesium and barium nitrate (Mg / Ba (NO 3 ) 2 ).
  • Al / KClO 4 aluminum potassium perchlorate
  • Mg / Ba (NO 3 ) 2 magnesium and barium nitrate
  • the rapid fog hand grenade according to the invention once it has been mechanically initiated, can only develop its effect after a desired time, and thus also throwing distance, with the aluminum can being dismantled and the ignition and discharge of the fog agent.
  • the ignition delay element allows the launcher a certain amount of time to drop the grenade and to be able to get to safety if necessary.
  • An ignition core is preferably also arranged in the latter for faster ignition and better reaction of the ignition disassembly charge present in the aluminum sleeve.
  • particles of more active material can optionally also be statistically distributed in the ignition splitter charge, which, if necessary, in turn ensures rapid ignition and reaction of the actual ignition splitter charge.
  • the predetermined time within which the ignition delay element reacts and then ignites the ignition disintegration charge is only a few seconds and can range, for example, from 3 to 8 seconds.
  • the rapid fog grenade according to the invention is gripped with the throwing hand in such a way that the safety bar is held in place.
  • the safety element is unlocked with the other hand.
  • the safety bar is only held by the throwing hand. If the grenade is now thrown, the safety bar can be pushed away from the spring piece under spring pressure and thus strike its firing pin on the firing cap arranged in the head part of the detonator head, thereby initiating the charge contained therein and then starting the entire knitting chain.
  • the igniter charge present in the igniter unit is ignited, the thin-walled aluminum sleeve is disassembled and the smoke agent surrounding it is set on fire.
  • the resulting pressure disassembles the casing of the aluminum can and the burning, fog-forming leaflets are expelled into the environment, forming a clean and floating cloud.
  • the launcher of the grenade is primarily protected from mechanical damage by the fact that the more massive particles of the rapid-action hand grenade according to the invention are connected by corresponding securing elements and cannot fly apart.
  • the figure shows an ignition head A, which can be operated manually by means of a safety bracket 11.
  • the securing bracket 11 is with a securing element 13 on the head piece 1 of the fuse head A attached.
  • a striker 5 having a firing pin 9 is fastened to the head piece 1 and approximately opposite the securing element 13 in an arrangement pivotable by means of the tension spring 7 and its fastening, which striker 5 is held in a secured state by the securing bracket 11 under spring pressure.
  • the head piece 1 has a central bore 3, in the upper end of which is associated with the striking piece 5, an ignition cap 37 is arranged, which contains a conventional ignition set which can be initiated by a blow.
  • the securing bracket 11 is fixedly connected to the head piece 1 of the detonator head via a connecting element 41 (in the present case a steel wire), in order in this way to prevent the securing bracket 11 from detaching and separately flying away from the head piece after throwing and the reaction of the present rapid-mist hand grenade .
  • a screw thread 27 is also arranged in the head piece 1, through which the detonator head can be firmly connected to an ignition disassembly unit C and, via the latter, also firmly to an active mass body B.
  • the figure also shows in detail an active mass body B with initially a drawn aluminum can 15.
  • the ignition disassembly unit C which will be described later in detail, is arranged in a gas-tight manner.
  • a compensating disk 47 arranged in the interior of the aluminum can 15, directly in the area of its reinforced base 17, is a compensating disk 47 corresponding to a preferred embodiment, which is pressurized via a spring 49, which is a snap ring in the form shown.
  • the thin-walled aluminum sleeve 31 is arranged in the central bore of the insert 25 of the ignition disassembly unit C in a likewise gas-tight manner.
  • the thin-walled aluminum sleeve 31 extends axially practically through the entire aluminum can 15 and is filled with an igniter charge 35, which in the preferred embodiment is based on a classic pop set made of aluminum and potassium perchlorate, especially since this is much less toxic than the other commonly used igniter sets. based on a mixture of magnesium and barium nitrate, which is classified as toxic.
  • the ignition disassembly unit C is arranged the ignition delay element 39, the effective mass of which results in the desired delay, for example a standard delay of 3.5 ⁇ 0.5 seconds.
  • the aluminum can 15 is filled with the fog agent 19 in the form of coated, combustible, disc-shaped and, in the preferred embodiment, disc-sector-shaped leaflets (flares) to form a channel 21 or even a recess for guiding a connecting element 43.
  • these are coated on both sides with a fog substance based on red phosphorus, this coating preferably comprising from approximately 70% by weight to 80% by weight of pyrotechnic composition comprising red phosphorus and approximately 20% by weight to 30% by weight .-% binder.
  • the aluminum can 15 of the active mass body B is firmly connected at its originally open end to a cover 23, this fixed connection in the preferred embodiment consisting of an adhesive (not shown) and arranged between the inner jacket of the cover 23 and the associated part of the aluminum can 15.
  • the reinforced bottom 17 of the aluminum can 15 is fixedly connected to the cover 23 via a connecting element 43, which in the preferred embodiment shown is a steel wire which is located in an annular groove between the thin-walled aluminum sleeve 31 and the fog agent, and is free of the channel 21 19 or, alternatively, only one of the recessed longitudinal notches is guided.
  • the balancing disk 47 acted upon by the spring 49 serves, as already mentioned, to compensate for dimensional tolerances, a possible remaining volume and to hold the flammable disk-shaped or disk-sector-shaped thin sheets (flares) which form the smoke agent 19 practically firmly together.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
  • Superstructure Of Vehicle (AREA)
  • Steering Devices For Bicycles And Motorcycles (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Controls For Constant Speed Travelling (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
EP96120665A 1995-12-22 1996-12-20 Grenade à main fumigène rapide Expired - Lifetime EP0780658B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19548436A DE19548436C1 (de) 1995-12-22 1995-12-22 Schnellnebelhandgranate
DE19548436 1995-12-22

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0780658A2 true EP0780658A2 (fr) 1997-06-25
EP0780658A3 EP0780658A3 (fr) 1998-09-16
EP0780658B1 EP0780658B1 (fr) 2002-02-20

Family

ID=7781212

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96120665A Expired - Lifetime EP0780658B1 (fr) 1995-12-22 1996-12-20 Grenade à main fumigène rapide

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5700971A (fr)
EP (1) EP0780658B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH09196600A (fr)
AT (1) ATE213533T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2193604C (fr)
DE (3) DE19548436C1 (fr)
NO (1) NO308385B1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29812623U1 (de) 1998-07-15 1998-12-10 Buck Werke GmbH & Co., 73337 Bad Überkingen Wurfkörper mit kontrollierter Zerlegung und in den Wirkmassenbereich integrierter Ladung
AT410255B (de) * 2001-09-19 2003-03-25 Oregon Ets Patentverwertung Handgranate
US6581521B1 (en) 2002-08-26 2003-06-24 Robert G. Dixon Reusable gas grenade canister
DE10259913B4 (de) * 2002-12-20 2005-08-11 Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh Irritationskörper
DE10308307B4 (de) * 2003-02-26 2007-01-04 Buck Neue Technologien Gmbh Geschoß sowie Submunition mit Vorspannkörper
DE202005009628U1 (de) * 2005-06-20 2005-10-20 Nico-Pyrotechnik Hanns-Jürgen Diederichs GmbH & Co. KG Kipphebelzünder z.B. für Irritationskörper
JP5015527B2 (ja) * 2006-08-28 2012-08-29 日本工機株式会社 閃光発音体および煙発生体
JP5408522B2 (ja) * 2007-04-25 2014-02-05 豊和工業株式会社 スタングレネード
US9234730B1 (en) 2007-10-22 2016-01-12 Kendrick Cook Hand grenade
DE102009030869A1 (de) * 2009-06-26 2011-02-10 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Wirkkörper
DE102009049003A1 (de) 2009-10-09 2011-06-16 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Kunststoffgebundene pyrotechnische Mischung zur Erzeugung von Alkalimetallchlorid- bzw. Erdalkalimetallchlorid-Aerosolen als Tarnnebel
US9989340B2 (en) * 2015-10-09 2018-06-05 Combined Systems Inc. Low-weight small-form-factor stun grenade
JP6563773B2 (ja) * 2015-10-20 2019-08-21 株式会社ダイセル 煙幕発生器
DE202017106815U1 (de) 2017-11-09 2018-01-22 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Nebelgranate
CN111609768A (zh) * 2020-05-07 2020-09-01 林文胜 计时式投掷弹
CN111829395B (zh) * 2020-07-02 2021-07-23 安徽神剑科技股份有限公司 爆炸型生物材料均匀分散装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1185510B (de) 1962-03-19 1965-01-14 Buck K G Chemische U Tech Qual Nebelkerze fuer Schiessbecher mit einer elektrisch zuendbaren Treibladung
DE1428657A1 (de) 1964-08-07 1969-02-06 Buck Kg Nebelwurfkoerper
EP0046230A2 (fr) 1980-08-20 1982-02-24 Pyrotechnische Fabrik F. Feistel GmbH + Co KG Charge pyrotechnique fumigène enveloppée, sa composition et son procédé de fabrication
DE2811016C1 (de) 1978-03-14 1986-07-17 Buck Chemisch-Technische Werke Gmbh & Co, 8230 Bad Reichenhall Wurfkoerper

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH379335A (de) * 1958-07-11 1964-06-30 Henrik Sunden Karl Handgranate
US3726225A (en) * 1970-11-27 1973-04-10 Us Army Plastic bonded smoke
NO142928C (no) * 1978-03-08 1980-11-12 Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker Roeykhaandgranat.
DE2819863A1 (de) * 1978-03-14 1986-07-24 Buck Chemisch-Technische Werke Gmbh & Co, 8230 Bad Reichenhall Wurfkoerper
DE3238455A1 (de) * 1982-10-16 1984-04-19 Pyrotechnische Fabrik F. Feistel GmbH + Co KG, 6719 Göllheim Nebelwurfkoerper
GR82515B (en) * 1984-02-02 1985-03-27 Eidgenoess Munition Altdorf Explosive handgrenades, for excercises and method for producing them
DE3515166A1 (de) * 1985-04-26 1986-10-30 Buck Chemisch-Technische Werke GmbH & Co, 7347 Bad Überkingen Wurfkoerper zur darstellung eines infrarot-flaechenstrahlers
US5018449A (en) * 1988-09-20 1991-05-28 Eidson Ii Edward W Paint dispersing training grenade
DE3912183A1 (de) * 1989-04-13 1990-10-18 Buck Chem Tech Werke Anzuendzerlegervorrichtung
US4976201A (en) * 1989-11-01 1990-12-11 Martin Electronics, Inc. Non-lethal distraction device
US5085147A (en) * 1990-10-01 1992-02-04 Gold Robert J Distraction device

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1185510B (de) 1962-03-19 1965-01-14 Buck K G Chemische U Tech Qual Nebelkerze fuer Schiessbecher mit einer elektrisch zuendbaren Treibladung
DE1428657A1 (de) 1964-08-07 1969-02-06 Buck Kg Nebelwurfkoerper
DE2811016C1 (de) 1978-03-14 1986-07-17 Buck Chemisch-Technische Werke Gmbh & Co, 8230 Bad Reichenhall Wurfkoerper
EP0046230A2 (fr) 1980-08-20 1982-02-24 Pyrotechnische Fabrik F. Feistel GmbH + Co KG Charge pyrotechnique fumigène enveloppée, sa composition et son procédé de fabrication

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO965511D0 (no) 1996-12-20
NO308385B1 (no) 2000-09-04
CA2193604C (fr) 2000-03-21
DE59608758D1 (de) 2002-03-28
DE29622620U1 (de) 1997-05-15
US5700971A (en) 1997-12-23
EP0780658B1 (fr) 2002-02-20
ATE213533T1 (de) 2002-03-15
CA2193604A1 (fr) 1997-06-23
DE19548436C1 (de) 1997-06-26
EP0780658A3 (fr) 1998-09-16
JPH09196600A (ja) 1997-07-31
NO965511L (no) 1997-06-23

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