Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
  • B63H11/00—Marine propulsion by water jets
  • B63H11/02—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water
  • B63H11/10—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water having means for deflecting jet or influencing cross-section thereof
  • B63H11/101—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water having means for deflecting jet or influencing cross-section thereof having means for deflecting jet into a propulsive direction substantially parallel to the plane of the pump outlet opening
  • B63H11/102—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water having means for deflecting jet or influencing cross-section thereof having means for deflecting jet into a propulsive direction substantially parallel to the plane of the pump outlet opening the inlet opening and the outlet opening of the pump being substantially coplanar
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
  • B63H11/00—Marine propulsion by water jets
  • B63H11/02—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water
  • B63H11/04—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water by means of pumps
  • B63H11/08—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water by means of pumps of rotary type
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D1/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
  • F04D1/04—Helico-centrifugal pumps
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
  • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
  • F04D29/406—Casings; Connections of working fluid especially adapted for liquid pumps
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
  • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
  • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
  • F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
  • F04D29/445—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for liquid pumps

Definitions

• the invention relates to a so-called pot pump, i.e. a water jet drive with the following features.
• a semi-axially inspected pump or impeller is rotatably arranged with a vertical axis of rotation in a well-shaped pump housing.
• the drive for the impeller is inserted into the pump housing from above through a screw plate.
• the housing is closed by a base plate, which has a water inlet arranged in the middle for the axial flow against the impeller and at least one gently sloping water outlet.
• Exit end of the delivery channels of the impeller and the at least one water outlet is arranged a diffuser.
• This diffuser is generally a bladed annular channel arranged between the pump housing and the impeller housing, concentric to the impeller axis, in which the flow from the semi-axial direction
• the cross-sectional profile of the ring channel can in principle be constant or decrease in the direction of flow or increase in the direction of flow depending on the result that is expected from one or the other measure.
• the entire pump can be pivoted through 360 ° about the longitudinal and rotational axis of the impeller.
• the outlet direction of the nozzle changes, the water jet emerging from it changes its outlet or.
• Direction of flow and the watercraft changes its direction of travel.
• a disadvantage of this solution is that the entire pump has to be swiveled and therefore a relatively large mass has to be moved if the direction of travel of the ship is to be changed. This requires a high expenditure of energy and places high demands on the swivel mechanism if great precision is required during the adjustment process, which is necessary for exact ship guidance.
• the aforementioned pot pump was therefore further developed in such a way that the actual pump housing with a cylindrical housing part and cover as load-bearing elements in the construction of the watercraft is included and only the base plate with water inlet and water outlet can be pivoted through 360 ° about the axis of rotation of the pump (EP0464739A1).
• the implementation of this solution in practice presupposes the solution of the problem of the seal between the actual pump housing integrated in the watercraft as a load-bearing element and the pivotable base plate.
• this solution has the advantage over the first-mentioned embodiment of the pot pump that substantially smaller masses have to be moved to maneuver the watercraft, namely only the base plate, where in the first case the entire housing including the base plate has to be pivoted.
• the present invention is now intended to improve this prior art in such a way that the drive or the pot pump itself is as light as possible and the mass to be pivoted for maneuvering the watercraft is also further reduced.
• the present The object on which the invention is based can therefore be defined in such a way that a pot pump of the type under discussion itself should have the lowest possible weight and that the smallest possible masses must be moved if the pot pump is to be used not only to propel a watercraft, but this watercraft should also be controlled with regard to its direction of travel.
• the use according to the invention of an unspeaked diffuser between the pump outlet and the pressure pot serves.
• the guide apparatus In order to be able to represent the desired flow conditions between the impeller and pressure pot, the guide apparatus must provide a relatively larger flow path and this is the case if it deflects the delivery quantities leaving the impeller in a semi-axial direction to such an extent that they flow between the suction direction of the
• Geometry of the inner and outer wall of the diffuser makes it possible to reduce the flow energy that is inherent in the water when leaving the impeller so much that the pumped water just flows, but it also has a high pressure energy, so that the pressure pot has a high pressure Ultimate pressure at the nozzle outlet the desired high pressure can be built up.
• the flow channel cross-section in the flow direction can basically also remain the same, increase or decrease, depending on the employment relationships to be created, even with the unspeared diffuser. If it is The aim is to build up the desired high pressure in the pressure pot in an optimal manner, a guide device with a channel cross-section widening in the flow direction, which is therefore a diffuser, is to be preferred, whereby
• the initial cross-section results from the conditions at the end of the impeller, the final cross-section from the condition that the flow conditions just cause the conveyed water to enter the pressure pot, otherwise the pressure energy should be high and finally
• the cross sections between the end cross sections are dimensioned such that the conversion of flow energy into pressure energy takes place continuously without separation of the flow from the flow channel wall, because such separation would result in the formation of eddies and thus loss of energy. How these conditions can be met is known to the person skilled in the art, it can be done empirically or with the aid of calculation methods known to the person skilled in the art.
• the paddle-less guide with a flow channel widening in the direction of flow to an impeller in which there is already an extensive conversion of flow energy into pressure energy.
• the flow channels between a pair of blades and the two cover plates of the impeller should have smaller cross-sections at the beginning than at the end, the flow channels should continue in the direction of flow
• the feature of the invention is proposed from the point of view of structural simplicity and the lowest possible weight that in the rest of the stationary drive, i.e. neither the entire housing nor the base plate alone should be pivotable about the axis of rotation of the impeller, only the at least one nozzle should be pivotable relative to the housing.
• the watercraft is therefore controlled with the smallest possible adjustable masses.
• FIG. 1A shows a corresponding longitudinal section through a slightly modified embodiment, the sectional plane including the sectional plane of FIG. 1 including an angle of 90 °;
• FIG. 1B shows a part of one of the outlet nozzles of the pressure pot as a section
• Fig. 2,3 installation examples as a schematic side view
• water jet propulsion includes the use of a pot pump as a means for propelling a watercraft, ie a ship;
• FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a nozzle that is pivotally installed in its entirety as a side view
• Fig. 5 in a representation corresponding to Fig. 4 a fixed nozzle with control flap.
• FIG. 6 shows a nozzle according to the invention in a representation corresponding to FIG. 1 with the possibility of deflecting the thrust jet by up to 180 °;
• Fig. 7 shows the design of FIG. 6 as a top view.
• Water jet drive are the pot-shaped pump housing 1, the semi-axially extending blade or flow channels between its blades 2 and the two cover plates 3a, 3b forming pump impeller 3, the drive 4 of the impeller, the guide device 5 and a lower cover plate 6, in which in the Middle of the water jet inlet 7 is integrated.
• An inlet grille 11 can be provided in the inlet 7 in order to prevent the suction of objects which could damage the impeller 3, a danger to which the drive is particularly exposed due to the use of the watercraft in shallow waters (FIG. 1). If necessary, however, an entry grille can also be dispensed with.
• “Semi-axially bladed” means that the impeller 3 is flowed essentially axially (arrows 100) and the water provided with flow energy that Leaves the impeller 3 and enters the diffuser 5 at an angle ⁇ which is less than 90 ° with respect to the impeller axis of rotation (arrows 200).
• the drive 4 can be conventional, so that its description can be omitted.
• the drive is shown schematically as a section, in Figure 1A only the drive shaft 4a leading to the impeller 3 is shown of the drive.
• the drive is placed on an upper cover 21 of the pump house 1 and projects into the pump housing in order to be non-rotatably connected to the impeller 3 there. It can, for example, be the same as the drive provided in DE-A 40 21 340.
• the relatively wide-meshed inlet grille 11 can be arranged, which can be relatively wide-meshed because the drive is less sensitive to foreign particles carried in the water due to the lack of a bladed guide apparatus than a drive with a bladed guide apparatus (in particular Fig. 1A).
• the diffuser is a non-bladed ring diffuser with an exit angle ⁇ to the impeller axis 22, the one
• the ring channel or diffuser 5 is formed directly on the outside by the housing outer wall 12 and on the inside by the impeller housing 13. It is rotationally symmetrical and has no internals. It ensures a long lead to
• the cross-sectional profile of the guide apparatus can be constant, decreasing or, preferably, increasing, when it comes to the flow energy prevailing at the end of the impeller 3 as much as possible
• Is ring diffuser The flow generated in the pump emerges from the housing 1 or the pressure pot 23 from at least one nozzle 8 arranged in the rear housing wall.
• the nozzle 8 The nozzle
• the nozzle 8 is permanently installed in the pump housing
• this nozzle in the modified form marked 10, a
• Nozzle 10 can be assigned or this nozzle can be in its
• the beam deflection valve is characterized by broken lines in its non-functional setting, and by solid lines in its position causing the beam deflection.
• the deflection flap 17 is held in a frame 18 which is pivotally mounted on the housing 1 on lateral pins 19 and the pivotability is in turn effected by an adjusting device 20.
• the water jet drive designed according to the invention thus represents a thrust-improved version.
• a rigid, rearward-directed nozzle 8 is to be assigned to the pump housing 1 in the case of a medium drive B.
• the longitudinal axis of the nozzle coincides with the longitudinal axis of the ship in plan view.
• the middle drive B is a non-controllable "booster", which is used exclusively for propulsion of the ship, the longitudinal axis of the
• nozzle does not coincide with the longitudinal axis of the ship, it should be arranged at least parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ship.
• Two lateral, controllable drives SA1 and SA2 arranged symmetrically to the ship's longitudinal axis are basically the same as the middle drive B, but their outlet nozzles 10a, 10b are designed such that their outlet direction can be adjusted in order to be able to steer the ship. This can be achieved in that the
• Nozzle 10a or 10b in its entirety is arranged pivotably in the respective pump housing 1 (FIG. 4).
• An alternative is an outlet nozzle (10a, 10b) which is rigidly arranged in the pump housing 1, but which has at least one rotatable or pivotable deflection plate 16 within the fixed one
• the middle booster B can, for example, also correspond to the side drives SA1 and SA2 in order to obtain a better control effect, ie all three drives can be designed according to one of FIGS. 4, 5, 6 and 7. In order to meet other operating requirements, the booster can also be designed according to FIG. 4 or FIG. 5 and the lateral drives SA1, SA2 may be designed according to FIGS.
• the central drive B can also be designed according to one of FIGS. 4 and 6 or 7 and the lateral drives SA1 and SA2 can be designed to be controllable all round.
• the drive according to the invention is independent of it
• the complex control for all-round controllability is eliminated and is replaced by simple hydraulic or mechanical slides or the like (20).
• the base plate is designed as a simple, closed container base, which only surrounds the central suction opening.
• the drive according to the invention develops a good thrust due to the simple flow guidance and the relatively high efficiency of the rear nozzle.
• the drive according to the invention is designed in particular for use in conjunction with control drives with high maneuverability, the drive at hand being limited by the good thrust values at the same time
• the end edges of the flow channels of the impeller 3 are characterized by the trailing edges 24 of the impeller blades 2. This simultaneously marks the entry into the diffuser 5, the end of which is marked 25, which in turn also marks the entry of the water conveyed by the impeller 3 and directed in the diffuser 5 into the pressure pot 23.
• the central nozzle 8 is connected to the pressure pot 23
• Flow channels in the impeller is such that the water sucked in the impeller experiences an acceleration and a pressure increase, so that it has a high energy content at the outlet from the impeller, consisting of a larger proportion of pressure energy and a smaller proportion of kinetic energy, which in the outlet from the
• the diffuser is also largely converted into pressure energy, whereby during the flow from the entry into the flow channels of the impeller (edges 24a) to the exit from the diffuser (end of the diffuser
• FIG. 1B shows a nozzle representation, as is also shown in FIG. 13. Basically, it can be both a rigid central nozzle used as a booster and one of the side control nozzles.

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=6525635

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

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Family Cites Families (9)

• 1994
  • 1994-08-13 DE DE19944428748 patent/DE4428748A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1995
  • 1995-08-13 EP EP95929861A patent/EP0775066A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1995-08-13 WO PCT/EP1995/003209 patent/WO1996005098A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1995-08-13 JP JP8507023A patent/JPH10504779A/ja active Pending
  • 1995-08-13 CN CN 95195086 patent/CN1157600A/zh active Pending
• 1997
  • 1997-02-12 NO NO970644A patent/NO970644L/no unknown
  • 1997-02-12 FI FI970597A patent/FI970597A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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