EP0771011B1 - Gemischter Magnetkern - Google Patents

Gemischter Magnetkern Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0771011B1
EP0771011B1 EP96402193A EP96402193A EP0771011B1 EP 0771011 B1 EP0771011 B1 EP 0771011B1 EP 96402193 A EP96402193 A EP 96402193A EP 96402193 A EP96402193 A EP 96402193A EP 0771011 B1 EP0771011 B1 EP 0771011B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
core
magnetic
permeability
polycrystalline
losses
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96402193A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0771011A1 (de
Inventor
François Thomson-CSF SCPI Beauclair
Jean-Pierre Thomson-CSF SCPI Delvinquier
Richard Thomson-CSF SCPI Lebourgeois
Michel Thomson-CSF SCPI Pate
Claude Thomson-CSF SCPI Rohart
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
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Thomson CSF SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0771011A1 publication Critical patent/EP0771011A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0771011B1 publication Critical patent/EP0771011B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
    • H01F3/10—Composite arrangements of magnetic circuits
    • H01F3/14—Constrictions; Gaps, e.g. air-gaps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/0206—Manufacturing of magnetic cores by mechanical means
    • H01F41/0246—Manufacturing of magnetic circuits by moulding or by pressing powder

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mixed magnetic core in particular for inductors or transformers.
  • the inductors thus produced may serve as filtering inductors or be used in power converters working at frequencies close to or greater than about 0.1 MHz.
  • Magnetic materials with reduced permeability currently available on the market have strong induction (greater than approximately 10 mT) very high losses which mean that today the components magnetic are the most bulky components of converters. For existing magnetic materials low permeability and low losses are contradictory features.
  • An inductance of a few micro-Henry will have a few turns or a core with low permeability.
  • a small number of turns with a high potential difference at its terminals generate a high magnetic induction in the nucleus. Like the losses in the nucleus are at least proportional to the square of the induction, they grow very quickly when the number of turns decreases. To obtain reduced losses, it takes a large number of turns which requires a core to low permeability.
  • inductors with a magnetic core made of polycrystalline ceramic such as spinel type ferrites, with localized air gap.
  • Ferrite despite its losses of the order of a hundredth or a tenth of W / cm 3 , depending on the induction and the frequency, has permeabilities close to 1000, which is much too high for the application of converters.
  • Ferrites with low permeability such as nickel ferrite, which has a permeability of 10, have losses that are too high for the application of converters.
  • inductors with a composite magnetic core to air gap distributed. These materials are made of powdered ferromagnetic alloys dispersed in a dielectric binder. The radiation losses are reduced compared to the nuclei with localized air gap.
  • powders iron and iron-cabonyle powders, the permeability ranges from about 5 to 250 and powders based on iron-nickel alloys whose permeability ranges from approximately 14 to 550.
  • the losses in these materials are 15 to 20 times greater than those massive power ferrites under the same frequency conditions, induction and temperature.
  • the present invention provides a magnetic core having at high induction of losses on the order of those of magnetic ceramics polycrystalline and a permeability reduced by a factor of about 100 compared to to that of these permeability materials generally between 700 and 3000.
  • the present invention relates to a magnetic core comprising a polycrystalline magnetic ceramic body with at least one air gap located.
  • the localized air gap is made of a magnetic material composite.
  • the composite magnetic material can be made from alloys ferromagnetics such as iron-carbonyl or iron-nickel powders embedded in a dielectric binder or based on ceramic plates magnetic polycrystalline embedded in a dielectric binder and oriented with their main faces substantially parallel to the magnetic field.
  • alloys ferromagnetics such as iron-carbonyl or iron-nickel powders embedded in a dielectric binder or based on ceramic plates magnetic polycrystalline embedded in a dielectric binder and oriented with their main faces substantially parallel to the magnetic field.
  • the dielectric binder can be an epoxy type resin, phenolic, polyimide or acrylic based.
  • the localized air gap can be made integral with the body by gluing or well inserted directly by molding.
  • Such a nucleus can work at higher inductions than materials available for the same level of losses and the same permeability.
  • Such a kernel has a volume smaller than those available for the same level of losses and the same permeability.
  • the present invention also relates to an inductor and a transformer that have such a core.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows an O-ring according to the invention.
  • This core has a ceramic body 1 polycrystalline magnetic with at least one localized air gap 2.
  • the air gap 2 is made of a composite magnetic material.
  • Body 1 can be a PC50 type power ferrite from TDK, type F4 from LCC, type 3F4 from Philips. Its permeability is about 1000 to 1 MH z.
  • the air gap 2 can be a composite based on alloys ferromagnetic powder, such as iron-carbonyl or iron-nickel powders, dispersed in a dielectric binder.
  • ferromagnetic powder such as iron-carbonyl or iron-nickel powders
  • the grains will preferably be chemically passivated to avoid their oxidation.
  • the binder can be an epoxy, phenolic, polyimide or acrylic base.
  • the air gap can be a composite of type A08 from Saphyr, from type T26 from Micrométal, from the 55,000 or 58,000 series from Magnetics. Its permeability is of the order of 10 to 1 MHz.
  • the width e of the air gap 2 is approximately one quarter of the perimeter of the nucleus.
  • the width of the air gap was very small in front of that of the body to avoid leaks by radiation which are disruptive to nearby components of the nucleus.
  • the air gap 2 made of material composite channels the flow and radiation leaks are practically eliminated.
  • the permeability ⁇ a is therefore worth approximately 34 which is quite acceptable for application in high level converters integration.
  • Figure 2 gives the variation of the apparent permeability of a ferrite / iron-carbonyl ring according to the invention as a function of ⁇ .
  • the total losses measured under the same conditions for the solid iron-carbonyl composite material amount to 2.5 W / cm 3 .
  • the gain is more than 10.
  • the fact of introducing a localized air gap 2 made of composite magnetic material having high losses has practically not degraded the losses of the core compared to those of the body of ferrite of spinel type.
  • the air gap 2 can also be made of a magnetic material composite such as that described in the French patent application filed on September 19, 1995 under No. 95 10952 by the plaintiff.
  • This composite magnetic material comprises polycrystalline magnetic ceramic plates embedded in a dielectric binder.
  • the plates are oriented so that their main faces are substantially parallel to the magnetic field to which the core is intended to be subjected.
  • the binder is resin, for example of epoxy, phenolic type, polyimide or acrylic based.
  • the plates are stacked in strata and embedded in the binder. he there may be one or more plates per strata. From one stratum to another the plates can be arranged in columns or staggered.
  • the air gap 2 can be made integral with the body 1 by bonding by example. It can also be molded directly in its place.
  • the present invention also relates to an inductor made from of such a nucleus.
  • Figure 4 shows an example of inductance made from an O-ring with a ferrite body 30 and four localized air gaps 31 regularly arranged in the body 30. These air gaps 31 are produced with plates 33 embedded in a dielectric binder 34 as described previously.
  • This inductance also includes a coil 32 located preferably on the body 30 so as to minimize the interaction of the winding 32 with the air gaps 31 made of composite magnetic material having a lower permeability than that of the body 30.
  • the conductors used for the winding 32 will preferably be enameled multistrand or Litz wires so as to reduce copper losses at frequencies above about 50 kHz. These inductors can serve as a filter inductor or of inductance of resonant converters.
  • Figure 5 shows a transformer according to the invention. It comprises a core 50 in E with rectangular legs including a central 52 and two ends 51.
  • This core 50 comprises a body 53 made of ferrite and at each leg 51, 52 a localized air gap 54 made of composite magnetic material.
  • Two windings 55, 56 around the extreme legs 51 contribute to forming the primary and the secondary of the transformer. These windings do not surround the air gaps 54.
  • the air gaps all had the same shape. he it is understood that they can have different shapes, different compositions and different magnetic material charges.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
  • Magnetic Ceramics (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Magnetkern mit einem Körper (1) und mindestens einem lokalisierten Magnetspalt (2) aus einem magnetischen Kompositmaterial, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das magnetische Kompositmaterial von Plättchen (33) aus einer polykristallinen magnetischen Keramik gebildet wird, die in ein dielektrisches Bindemittel (34) eingebettet sind und so ausgerichtet sind, daß ihre Hauptseiten im wesentlichen parallel zum Magnetfeld verlaufen, dem der Kern ausgesetzt werden soll, und daß der Körper aus polykristalliner magnetischer Keramik besteht.
  2. Kern nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die polykristalline magnetische Keramik des Körpers (1) ein Ferrit vom Spinelltyp gemäß folgender Formel ist: MxZnyFe2+α O4, wobei M ein Manganion oder Nickelion ist und die folgende Beziehung gilt: x+y+α=1.
  3. Kern nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die polykristalline magnetische Keramik der Plättchen ein Ferrit vom Spinelltyp gemäß folgender Formel ist: M'x'Zny'Fe2+α'O4, wobei M' ein Manganion oder Nickelion ist und die folgende Beziehung gilt: x'+y'+α'=1.
  4. Kern nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Plättchen (33) in Schichten angeordnet sind.
  5. Kern nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das dielektrische Bindemittel ein Harz vom Epoxid-, Phenol oder Polyimidtyp oder ein Harz auf Akrylbasis ist.
  6. Kern nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der lokalisierte Magnetspalt (2) mit dem Körper (1) verklebt ist.
  7. Kern nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der lokalisierte Magnetspalt (2) mit dem Körper (1) durch Gießen verbunden ist.
  8. Spule, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie einen Kern nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 enthält.
  9. Spule nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie mindestens eine Wicklung (32) enthält, die im Bereich des Körpers (30) des Kerns liegt.
  10. Spule nach einem der Ansprüche 8 und 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wicklung (32) aus mehradrigen Leitern besteht.
  11. Transformator, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er einen Kern nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 enthält.
  12. Transformator nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er mindestens eine Wicklung (55, 56) enthält, die im Bereich des Körpers (50) des Kerns liegt.
  13. Transformator nach einem der Ansprüche 11 und 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wicklung (55,56) aus mehradrigen Leitern gebildet wird.
EP96402193A 1995-10-24 1996-10-15 Gemischter Magnetkern Expired - Lifetime EP0771011B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9512493A FR2740259B1 (fr) 1995-10-24 1995-10-24 Noyau magnetique mixte
FR9512493 1995-10-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0771011A1 EP0771011A1 (de) 1997-05-02
EP0771011B1 true EP0771011B1 (de) 2001-07-11

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96402193A Expired - Lifetime EP0771011B1 (de) 1995-10-24 1996-10-15 Gemischter Magnetkern

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5748013A (de)
EP (1) EP0771011B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH09129435A (de)
AT (1) ATE203123T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2188382A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69613794T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2740259B1 (de)

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US7710228B2 (en) * 2007-11-16 2010-05-04 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Electrical inductor assembly
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JP2012094924A (ja) * 2012-02-16 2012-05-17 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd リアクトル
KR102318230B1 (ko) * 2014-12-11 2021-10-27 엘지이노텍 주식회사 인덕터
JP6909238B2 (ja) * 2016-05-13 2021-07-28 コーニング インコーポレイテッド 量子メモリシステム、及びドープ多結晶セラミック光学素子を有する量子中継器システム、並びにこれを製造する方法
US10553280B2 (en) 2017-03-01 2020-02-04 Corning Incorporated Quantum memory systems and quantum repeater systems comprising doped polycrystalline ceramic optical devices and methods of manufacturing the same
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69613794D1 (de) 2001-08-16
EP0771011A1 (de) 1997-05-02
CA2188382A1 (fr) 1997-04-25
FR2740259A1 (fr) 1997-04-25
DE69613794T2 (de) 2001-11-29
US5748013A (en) 1998-05-05
ATE203123T1 (de) 2001-07-15
FR2740259B1 (fr) 1997-11-07
JPH09129435A (ja) 1997-05-16

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