EP0646283A1 - Elektronenstrahlaustrittsfenster. - Google Patents
Elektronenstrahlaustrittsfenster.Info
- Publication number
- EP0646283A1 EP0646283A1 EP93911733A EP93911733A EP0646283A1 EP 0646283 A1 EP0646283 A1 EP 0646283A1 EP 93911733 A EP93911733 A EP 93911733A EP 93911733 A EP93911733 A EP 93911733A EP 0646283 A1 EP0646283 A1 EP 0646283A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- frame
- metal foil
- fiber bundles
- electron beam
- vacuum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000952 Be alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J33/00—Discharge tubes with provision for emergence of electrons or ions from the vessel; Lenard tubes
- H01J33/02—Details
- H01J33/04—Windows
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J5/00—Details relating to vessels or to leading-in conductors common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J5/02—Vessels; Containers; Shields associated therewith; Vacuum locks
- H01J5/18—Windows permeable to X-rays, gamma-rays, or particles
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electron beam exit window, via which the electron beam generated in an evacuated electron beam is led out into a room of higher pressure, preferably at atmospheric pressure.
- beam exit windows also called Lenard windows, are mainly used in electron beam systems with which an electron beam process, such as. B. an electron beam polymerization takes place in a room at atmospheric pressure.
- the electron beam can be generated both as an axial beam and moved over the beam exit window by means of a scanner, and can also be guided through the beam exit window as a band-shaped or flat-shaped electron beam.
- the simplest versions consist of a thin, gas-impermeable film, which separates the jet generation chamber from the free atmosphere in a vacuum-tight manner.
- These foils are preferably made of aluminum, titanium or beryllium alloys. When the electron beam passes through, the film is heated due to the inevitable interaction between the electron beam and the film material.
- the foils have to withstand the pressure difference, but must not be too thick, on the one hand to limit the energy losses of the electron beam to be discharged and on the other hand to limit the amount of power loss that has to be dissipated from the foil, so that the foil heating within a tolerance of the foil material Temperature remains (U.S. Patent 3,222,558).
- a gas flow is used for heat dissipation.
- the invention has for its object to provide an electron beam exit window of the type mentioned, which does not need a massive water-cooled support structure, has a low power absorption, is particularly suitable for electron beams of relatively low acceleration voltage and is easy to produce.
- the support of the metal foil by the support grid formed from high-temperature fiber bundles and the loading of the fiber bundle on tensile stress allow a cross-sectional minimization of the support grid construction and thus a substantial reduction of the beam losses in the beam exit window.
- the use of carbon fiber bundles for the support grid is particularly advantageous due to the low elastic expansion and the low temperature expansion coefficient. Ensuring an approximately circular cross-section of the fiber bundle under load takes place, for. B. by twisting the filaments.
- the use of fiber bundles made of a highly heat-resistant material enables a high temperature gradient to be maintained over the support grid in the beam direction and the dissipation of a substantial part of the beam power absorbed in the support grid by heat radiation.
- a metal foil made of titanium and carbon fiber bundles as a support grid
- a similar barrier layer can also be expedient on the pressure side of the foil in order to avoid the undesired diffusion of the gaseous contact partners of the metal foil.
- the fiber bundles form an angle not equal to 90 ° with the fastening frame. Appropriate adaptation of this angle to the window width, the spacing of the fiber bundles from one another and the power density distribution of the electron beam improve the irradiation homogeneity on the moving material to be irradiated.
- the metal foil can also be cooled on the pressure side in a known manner by a gas flow, preferably in the direction of the fiber bundle.
- the radiation exit window according to the invention is particularly suitable for relatively low-energy electron beams and a short distance between the beam exit window and the material to be irradiated.
- FIG. 1 a plan view of a frame with a support grid of an electron beam exit window
- FIG. 2 a section through an electron beam window
- FIG. 3 a partial section (greatly enlarged) through a fiber bundle with the metal foil.
- the frame 1 and 2 consists of the frame 1 with the opening 2 for the beam exit, the area of which is covered by a support grid 3 consisting of fiber bundles 4 made of carbon.
- the fiber bundles 4 are firmly anchored in grooves 5 by filling in casting resin 6.
- On the Frame 1 is glued to the support grid 3 of metal foil 7 made of titanium.
- the fiber bundles 4 of the support grid 3 are for. Improvement of the homogeneity of the radiation arranged at an angle ⁇ ⁇ 90 ° to the leg of the frame 1.
- the frame 1 has, on the opposite side of the support grid 3, a sealing surface 8 which bears against the electron beam generator (not shown) in a vacuum-tight manner.
- the electron beams 9 emerging from the electron beam generator strike both the metal foil 7 and the fiber bundles 4 of the support grid 3. While the electron beams 9 penetrate the metal foil 7 with loss of energy, the beam power impinging on the fiber bundle 4 is almost completely absorbed by the latter and converted into heat. Depending on the electron energy, the place of formation of the heat is limited to the beam-side periphery 10 of the fiber bundle 4. Due to the poor heat conduction over the cross-section of the fiber bundle 4 and the metal foil 5 cooled on the pressure side by a gas stream, a high temperature gradient occurs over the cross-section 11 radiated to the electron beams 9. The comparatively good heat conduction of the metal foil 7 has the consequence that the metal foil 7 lying against the individual fibers of the fiber bundle 4 has an approximately constant temperature over its cross section.
- a barrier layer 12 made of titanium oxide is applied to the metal foil 7 on both sides in order to prevent chemical reactions between the
Landscapes
- Electron Sources, Ion Sources (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4219562A DE4219562C1 (de) | 1992-06-15 | 1992-06-15 | |
DE4219562 | 1992-06-15 | ||
PCT/DE1993/000402 WO1993026032A1 (de) | 1992-06-15 | 1993-05-03 | Elektronenstrahlaustrittsfenster |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0646283A1 true EP0646283A1 (de) | 1995-04-05 |
EP0646283B1 EP0646283B1 (de) | 1997-01-22 |
Family
ID=6461054
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93911733A Expired - Lifetime EP0646283B1 (de) | 1992-06-15 | 1993-05-03 | Elektronenstrahlaustrittsfenster |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5561342A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0646283B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH08501651A (de) |
DE (2) | DE4219562C1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1993026032A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6407492B1 (en) | 1997-01-02 | 2002-06-18 | Advanced Electron Beams, Inc. | Electron beam accelerator |
US5962995A (en) * | 1997-01-02 | 1999-10-05 | Applied Advanced Technologies, Inc. | Electron beam accelerator |
US6545398B1 (en) * | 1998-12-10 | 2003-04-08 | Advanced Electron Beams, Inc. | Electron accelerator having a wide electron beam that extends further out and is wider than the outer periphery of the device |
US7295015B2 (en) | 2004-02-19 | 2007-11-13 | Brooks Automation, Inc. | Ionization gauge |
US7030619B2 (en) * | 2004-02-19 | 2006-04-18 | Brooks Automation, Inc. | Ionization gauge |
DE102007021897A1 (de) | 2007-05-10 | 2008-11-20 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Vorrichtung zum Durchführen von thermischen und nicht-thermischen Elektronenstrahlprozessen |
DE102007021893A1 (de) | 2007-05-10 | 2008-11-13 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Vorrichtung zum Durchführen von Elektronenstrahlprozessen |
US7768267B2 (en) | 2007-07-11 | 2010-08-03 | Brooks Automation, Inc. | Ionization gauge with a cold electron source |
US9305735B2 (en) | 2007-09-28 | 2016-04-05 | Brigham Young University | Reinforced polymer x-ray window |
US8498381B2 (en) | 2010-10-07 | 2013-07-30 | Moxtek, Inc. | Polymer layer on X-ray window |
KR101541273B1 (ko) | 2007-12-19 | 2015-08-03 | 엠케이에스 인스트루먼츠, 인코포레이티드 | 전자 멀티플라이어 냉 방출 소스를 갖는 이온화 게이지 |
JP2011521259A (ja) * | 2008-05-21 | 2011-07-21 | アドバンスト・エレクトロン・ビームズ・インコーポレーテッド | スロットを含む電子銃を備える電子ビーム照射装置 |
SE534156C2 (sv) * | 2009-03-11 | 2011-05-17 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance | Förfarande för montering av ett fönster för utgående elektroner och en fönsterenhet för utgående elektroner |
EP2534665B1 (de) * | 2010-02-08 | 2015-10-14 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | Anordnung und verfahren zur reduzierung von folienfalten |
EP2534666B1 (de) * | 2010-02-08 | 2016-11-02 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | Anordnung und verfahren zur reduzierung von folienfalten in kreisförmiger anordnung |
WO2012074453A1 (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2012-06-07 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | An electron exit window foil |
US8929515B2 (en) | 2011-02-23 | 2015-01-06 | Moxtek, Inc. | Multiple-size support for X-ray window |
US8989354B2 (en) | 2011-05-16 | 2015-03-24 | Brigham Young University | Carbon composite support structure |
US9174412B2 (en) | 2011-05-16 | 2015-11-03 | Brigham Young University | High strength carbon fiber composite wafers for microfabrication |
US9076628B2 (en) | 2011-05-16 | 2015-07-07 | Brigham Young University | Variable radius taper x-ray window support structure |
US9502206B2 (en) | 2012-06-05 | 2016-11-22 | Brigham Young University | Corrosion-resistant, strong x-ray window |
US20140301530A1 (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2014-10-09 | James L. Failla, JR. | Protective shield for x-ray fluorescence (xrf) system |
US20140301531A1 (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2014-10-09 | James L. Failla, JR. | Protective shield for x-ray fluorescence (xrf) system |
EP3574720A4 (de) * | 2017-01-26 | 2020-11-11 | Canadian Light Source Inc. | Austrittsfenster für elektronenstrahl bei der isotopherstellung |
CN108901117B (zh) * | 2018-09-11 | 2024-09-24 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | 一种束流窗口设备 |
CN111586959B (zh) * | 2020-05-26 | 2022-08-30 | 浙江中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种电子帘加速器双窗引出辐照装置 |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE207521C (de) * | ||||
DE102511C (de) * | ||||
US3222558A (en) * | 1961-05-22 | 1965-12-07 | Gen Electric | Vanadium window for an atomic particle and radiation emitting device |
US3162749A (en) * | 1962-12-31 | 1964-12-22 | United Aircraft Corp | Jet valve pressure staging device |
US3607680A (en) * | 1967-10-03 | 1971-09-21 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Methof for producing a device for transmitting an electron beam |
NL6905618A (de) * | 1968-04-12 | 1969-10-14 | ||
DD102511A1 (de) * | 1972-12-27 | 1973-12-12 | ||
DE2501885A1 (de) * | 1975-01-18 | 1976-07-22 | Licentia Gmbh | Elektronendurchlaessiges fenster und verfahren zu dessen herstellung |
US4324980A (en) * | 1980-07-21 | 1982-04-13 | Siemens Medical Laboratories, Inc. | Electron exit window assembly for a linear accelerator |
DD207521A1 (de) * | 1982-06-03 | 1984-03-07 | Hans Johne | Lagerung von farbkaesten |
US4494036A (en) * | 1982-11-22 | 1985-01-15 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Electron beam window |
US4591756A (en) * | 1985-02-25 | 1986-05-27 | Energy Sciences, Inc. | High power window and support structure for electron beam processors |
NL8701222A (nl) * | 1987-05-22 | 1988-12-16 | Philips Nv | Roentgenbeeldversterkerbuis met verbeterd ingangsvenster. |
JPH052100A (ja) * | 1990-10-12 | 1993-01-08 | Toshiba Corp | 電子ビーム照射装置および電子ビーム透過膜の製造方法 |
-
1992
- 1992-06-15 DE DE4219562A patent/DE4219562C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-05-03 DE DE59305276T patent/DE59305276D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-05-03 US US08/351,401 patent/US5561342A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-05-03 EP EP93911733A patent/EP0646283B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-05-03 WO PCT/DE1993/000402 patent/WO1993026032A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1993-05-03 JP JP6501005A patent/JPH08501651A/ja active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9326032A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1993026032A1 (de) | 1993-12-23 |
JPH08501651A (ja) | 1996-02-20 |
US5561342A (en) | 1996-10-01 |
DE4219562C1 (de) | 1993-07-15 |
EP0646283B1 (de) | 1997-01-22 |
DE59305276D1 (de) | 1997-03-06 |
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