EP0642596B1 - Alliage de laiton - Google Patents

Alliage de laiton Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0642596B1
EP0642596B1 EP93909801A EP93909801A EP0642596B1 EP 0642596 B1 EP0642596 B1 EP 0642596B1 EP 93909801 A EP93909801 A EP 93909801A EP 93909801 A EP93909801 A EP 93909801A EP 0642596 B1 EP0642596 B1 EP 0642596B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alloy
lead
alloys
weight
ppm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93909801A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0642596A1 (fr
Inventor
Helmut Waschke
Leopold Sauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HETZEL METALLE GmbH
Ideal Standard GmbH
Original Assignee
HETZEL METALLE GmbH
Ideal Standard GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HETZEL METALLE GmbH, Ideal Standard GmbH filed Critical HETZEL METALLE GmbH
Publication of EP0642596A1 publication Critical patent/EP0642596A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0642596B1 publication Critical patent/EP0642596B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a copper-based alloy with zinc as the next most common alloy component.
  • Alloys of this type generally referred to as brass, are used for the production of very different technical devices and components.
  • different alloying components are added to the brass alloys in order to obtain very specific properties that correspond to the respective intended use.
  • the element lead is usually added to them in amounts of approximately 1 to 3% by weight.
  • the lead means that the chips produced during machining are short-lived. This property is indispensable especially when machining workpieces on automatic machines.
  • these alloys have a comparatively wide solidification range of around 150 ° C. In connection with the relatively high cooling rates during permanent mold casting, this leads to increased hot brittleness of the cast parts. Therefore, the alloys mentioned can practically only be used for sand casting processes.
  • Another disadvantage of the known alloy is that a relatively high proportion of bismuth is necessary to enable machining.
  • the object of the invention to provide a low-lead or lead-free alloy which is suitable for the production of components for drinking water installations and which does not have the disadvantages mentioned above.
  • the alloy should also have the casting and mechanical properties necessary for the intended use.
  • Water fittings should, for example, have a polishable surface and sufficient pressure tightness for the pressure ranges prevailing in drinking water supply systems, properties that depend directly on the fine-grained structure of the castings.
  • the components produced with the alloy according to the invention can be classified as practically toxicologically safe.
  • Bismuth is not known to have a cumulative toxic effect corresponding to lead.
  • the toxicity of bismuth to lead is considerably lower, so that at the concentrations that occur when bismuth is transferred into drinking water, a comparatively very low health risk potential is likely to arise.
  • bismuth has about 10 times less toxicity on these organisms than lead.
  • Another indication of the relative non-toxicity of bismuth can be seen in the fact that bismuth is classified as not harmful to health in the DE Hazardous Substances Ordinance and is also not mentioned in standard regulations such as the TVO, in contrast to lead.
  • the alloy according to the invention can depend on the degree of purity of the alloy used Alloy components may lead to minor contamination with lead. However, these usually only reach values of at most about 0.3% by weight and are therefore rather negligible compared to the deliberately added lead additives in brass alloys containing lead.
  • compositions of an alloy according to the invention are specified in subclaims 2 and 3. It should be emphasized here in particular that the addition of boron in an amount of 5 to 15 ppm can reduce the average grain size of the structure.
  • alloys according to claims 4 and 5 are resistant to dezincification. Due to this property, drinking water fittings manufactured with it can also be used in areas with high water aggressiveness and generally have a longer service life.
  • the structure of the specimens examined was essentially globulitic and had an average grain size of approximately 30 ⁇ m.
  • the length of the spiral was determined (according to Schneider) at a temperature of 1000 ° C to 1005 ° C. The determined values were between 522 mm and 531 mm and thus in the range of the values known from Gk Ms 60 Fk (500 mm - 600 mm).
  • a dezincification sample was produced in accordance with ISO standard 6509-1981 (E).
  • the dezincification test itself was carried out according to the Australian standard No. 2345-1980.
  • the dezincification depths found were consistently greater than 100 ⁇ m, but were in the ranges known from Gk Ms 60 Fk.
  • This exemplary embodiment relates to an alloy with the following composition (% by weight): Cu: 63.00%, Bi: 0.8%, Mn: 0.45%, Si: 0.5%, Al: 0.5%, Sb: 0.1%, B: 10 ppm, Pb: ⁇ 0.10%, Sn: ⁇ 0.10%, Fe: ⁇ 0.10%, Ni: ⁇ 0.10%, Zn: balance
  • cross sections were cold-cut out of water fittings manufactured with the alloy according to the invention (sample P III in Table 2) and subjected to a test according to ISO 6509 (Corrosion of metals and alloys / Determination of decincification resistance of brass -, edition 1981). The casting temperature was 1000 ° C.
  • sample dezincification depth of 60 ⁇ m was found in sample III, while the samples consisting of conventional Gk Ms 60 Fk had significantly higher dezincification depths.
  • sample PIII is dezincification-resistant.
  • the permissible depth of dezincification according to BS for castings is 100 ⁇ m, according to the Swedish building standard R 8 200 ⁇ m.
  • castings were cast under normal manufacturing conditions. These castings were first subjected to machine cylindrical grinding, finish and fine grinding by hand and finally to a polishing which was carried out both mechanically and by hand.
  • the parts were introduced into normal production and weighed raw and after each of the processes mentioned.
  • the material removal by machine grinding was significantly less.
  • the surface quality of the parts produced with the alloy according to the invention was better than that of conventional castings, which resulted from a lower number of complaints after the first grinding or polishing process.
  • the above-mentioned PIV and PV samples were also subjected to fracture tests in order to examine the microstructure for voids and "sponge areas". All samples were free from such structural defects.
  • the microstructure of the alloy corresponding to PIV and PV was determined using conventional metallographic methods.
  • the structure had an essentially globulitic grain structure with an average grain size of approximately 35 ⁇ m.
  • the maximum grain size was below 100 ⁇ m.

Abstract

Un alliage à base de cuivre contient 57 à 65 % en poids de cuivre, jusqu'à 3 % en poids d'autres composés d'alliage, du bismuth comme additif permettant l'usinage par enlèvement de copeaux et du zinc comme reste.

Claims (9)

  1. Alliage avec la composition suivante (poids en %) : Cu: 57 - 65 % Bi: 0,3 - 1,5 Al: 0,4 - 0,8 B: 5 - 15 ppm impuritées : 0 - 1 % Zn: reste.
  2. Alliage selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé par la composition suivante (poids en %): Cu: 57 - 62 % Bi: 0,3 - 1,5 % Al: 0,4 - 0,8 % B: 5 - 15 ppm impuritées: 0 - 1 % Zn: reste.
  3. Alliage selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé par la composition suivante (poids en %): Cu: 59,78 Al: 0,60 Bi: 1,00 B: 13 ppm Pb: 0,02 Sn: 0,01 Fe: 0,02 Sb: 0,01 Si: 0,01 Zn: reste
  4. Alliage avec la composition suivante (poids en %): Cu: 62 - 65 % Bi: 0,3 - 1,5 % Mn: 0,3 - 0,7 % Si: 0,3 - 0,7 % Al: 0,3 - 0,7 % Sb: 0,05 - 0,15 % B: 5 - 15 ppm Autres: < 1 % Zn: reste
  5. Alliage selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé par la composition suivante (poids en %): Cu: 62 - 65 % Bi: 0,5 - 1,5 % Mn: 0,3 - 0,5 % Si: 0,5 - 0,7 % Al: 0,3 - 0,7 % Sb: 0,05 - 0,1 % B: 5 - 15 ppm Pb: 0 - 0,3 % Sn: 0 - 0,25 % Fe: 0 - 0,20 % Ni: 0 - 0,5 % Zn: reste
  6. Alliage selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé par la composition suivante (poids en %): Cu: 63,0 % Bi: 0,8 % Mn: 0,45 % Si: 0,5 % Al: 0,5 % Sb: 0,1 % B: 10 ppm Pb: < 0,1 % Sn: < 0,1 % Fe: < 0,1 % Ni: < 0,1 % Zn: reste
  7. Alliage avec la composition suivante (poids en %): Cu: 64,81 % Bi: 0,33 % Mn: 0,44 % Fe: 0,039 % B: 15 ppm Ni: < 0,01 % Si: 0,53 % Sn: < 0,01 % Pb: < 0,01 % Al: 0,53 % Zn: reste
  8. Alliage avec la composition suivante (poids en %): Cu: 64,83 % Bi: 0,53 % Fe: 0,049 % Mn: 0,40 % B: 15 ppm ützg:\w5\w5_tbs\papier.tbs doNi: < 0,01 % Si: 0,53 % Sn1: < 0,01 % Pb: < 0,01 % Al: 0,53 % Zn: reste
    schacht 1
  9. Utilisation d'un alliage selon les revendications 1-8 pour la production d'elements d'installations d'eau potable.
EP93909801A 1992-06-02 1993-05-28 Alliage de laiton Expired - Lifetime EP0642596B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4218513 1992-06-02
DE4218513 1992-06-02
DE4240880 1992-12-04
DE4240880 1992-12-04
DE4312466 1993-04-16
DE4312484 1993-04-16
DE4312484 1993-04-16
DE4312466 1993-04-16
PCT/DE1993/000468 WO1993024670A1 (fr) 1992-06-02 1993-05-28 Alliage de laiton

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0642596A1 EP0642596A1 (fr) 1995-03-15
EP0642596B1 true EP0642596B1 (fr) 1995-11-02

Family

ID=27435479

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93909801A Expired - Lifetime EP0642596B1 (fr) 1992-06-02 1993-05-28 Alliage de laiton

Country Status (10)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0642596B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2793041B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100191702B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU669406B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR9306475A (fr)
CA (1) CA2137135A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59300867D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2082644T3 (fr)
HK (1) HK107096A (fr)
WO (1) WO1993024670A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU695292B2 (en) * 1993-04-22 1998-08-13 Federalloy, Inc. Copper-bismuth casting alloys
DE4438485C2 (de) * 1994-10-28 1998-05-20 Wieland Werke Ag Verwendung einer Kupfer-Zink-Legierung für Trinkwasserinstallationen
JP2003277855A (ja) * 2002-03-22 2003-10-02 San-Etsu Metals Co Ltd 無鉛快削黄銅合金材及びその製造方法
JP4620963B2 (ja) * 2004-03-31 2011-01-26 Ｄｏｗａホールディングス株式会社 黄銅およびその製造方法ならびにこれを用いた部品
WO2009047919A1 (fr) * 2007-10-10 2009-04-16 Toto Ltd. Laiton de décolletage exempt de plomb présentant une excellente aptitude à la coulée
JP5454144B2 (ja) * 2007-10-10 2014-03-26 Ｔｏｔｏ株式会社 鋳造性に優れた無鉛快削性黄銅
JP5513230B2 (ja) * 2009-06-17 2014-06-04 サンエツ金属株式会社 鋳造用銅基合金
CN101876012B (zh) * 2009-12-09 2015-01-21 路达(厦门)工业有限公司 抗应力腐蚀性能优异的黄铜合金及其制造方法
TWI398532B (zh) * 2010-01-22 2013-06-11 Modern Islands Co Ltd Lead-free brass alloy
CN107980068A (zh) * 2016-10-25 2018-05-01 广东伟强铜业科技有限公司 一种易切削黄铜合金及其制造方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE889984C (de) * 1944-02-11 1953-09-14 Wieland Werke Ag Verwendung von Kupfer-Zink-Legierungen fuer spanabhebend zu bearbeitende Werkstuecke
JPS54135618A (en) * 1978-04-13 1979-10-22 Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Cuttable presssformable brass bismuth alloy
GB8724311D0 (en) * 1987-10-16 1987-11-18 Imi Yorkshire Fittings Fittings
US5137685B1 (en) * 1991-03-01 1995-09-26 Olin Corp Machinable copper alloys having reduced lead content
US5288458A (en) * 1991-03-01 1994-02-22 Olin Corporation Machinable copper alloys having reduced lead content

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR9306475A (pt) 1998-06-30
CA2137135A1 (fr) 1993-12-09
HK107096A (en) 1996-06-28
JPH08503520A (ja) 1996-04-16
DE59300867D1 (de) 1995-12-07
EP0642596A1 (fr) 1995-03-15
JP2793041B2 (ja) 1998-09-03
ES2082644T3 (es) 1996-03-16
AU5340494A (en) 1993-12-30
AU669406B2 (en) 1996-06-06
WO1993024670A1 (fr) 1993-12-09
KR100191702B1 (ko) 1999-06-15

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