EP0628145B1 - Methode pour la determination des lieux du defaut - Google Patents

Methode pour la determination des lieux du defaut Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0628145B1
EP0628145B1 EP92905219A EP92905219A EP0628145B1 EP 0628145 B1 EP0628145 B1 EP 0628145B1 EP 92905219 A EP92905219 A EP 92905219A EP 92905219 A EP92905219 A EP 92905219A EP 0628145 B1 EP0628145 B1 EP 0628145B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
data
sensor
pipes
winding
pipe
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP92905219A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0628145A1 (fr
Inventor
Bernd Brandes
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Individual
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Priority to AT92905219T priority Critical patent/ATE131921T1/de
Publication of EP0628145A1 publication Critical patent/EP0628145A1/fr
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Publication of EP0628145B1 publication Critical patent/EP0628145B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21L—LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF, BEING PORTABLE OR SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR TRANSPORTATION
    • F21L4/00—Electric lighting devices with self-contained electric batteries or cells
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
    • F17D5/02—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss
    • F17D5/04—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss by means of a signalling fluid enclosed in a double wall

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a method according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Line pipes serve e.g. for the transfer of liquid media for district heating systems.
  • a conduit there is in the filling material e.g. Polyurethane, in the space between the inner tube and the outer tube an electrically accessible conductor, with which fault points such as e.g. Pipe leaks can be detected and located.
  • An insulated cable is also provided for the transmission of measurement data from a control point to an evaluation point, which can lie inside the filling material or can also run separately from the tube outside of the tube. It is also known to use rental cables or the TEMEX service of the Deutsche Bundespost for data transmission. Such a data transmission thus requires additional lines or charges for existing data transmission lines.
  • the invention has for its object to reduce the effort and cost of data transmission in such a conduit.
  • the sensor generally consists of a non-insulated, bare wire that is exposed to the environment, in particular the filler, without protection. Occurring moisture e.g. acts directly on the sensor so that it is a very sensitive component. This high sensitivity of the sensor is necessary because otherwise it cannot fulfill its function as a sensor. Therefore, it was previously assumed that the sensor is not suitable for the transmission of data because of the high sensitivity to the environment. Surprisingly, it was found that the sensor can be used for the transmission of the data despite this extremely unavoidable sensitivity. It has even been shown that the data transmission is only impaired at an astonishingly high threshold value of moisture and thus a low ohmic resistance to earth in the area of the sensor.
  • the dual use of the sensor according to the invention results in several advantages.
  • Existing cables or other transmission links for data transmission can be omitted.
  • a cable break in the course of the sensor is even reported twice, because in addition to the sensor error message, there is also a data failure.
  • Decoupling in terms of circuitry and working in different frequency ranges also ensure that the two functions work as far as possible without interference.
  • retrofitting of old systems is in the direction a data transfer easily possible.
  • This option also allows house stations and similar facilities to be included in the control. The personnel expenditure for monitoring the pipeline can be significantly reduced and at the same time the operational safety can be increased.
  • the data source and / or the data sink is preferably inductively or capacitively coupled to the sensor. This ensures a separation from the actual sensor function working with DC voltage.
  • the second wire is preferably used for the transmission of the data.
  • the wire serving as a return conductor generally has fewer branches than the measuring wire itself and is therefore less exposed to faults and errors.
  • a piping system consists of a first pipe for the feed and a second pipe for the return. Then the cores of the two tubes serving as return conductors can be used as a symmetrical line for the transmission of the data.
  • the data is preferably transmitted in the form of digital signals which are modulated onto a carrier in frequency modulation.
  • fork circuits are preferably provided, which enable a circuit-based separation of the data and the energy.
  • the senor can simultaneously perform three tasks. It serves firstly as a pure sensor for determining and locating a fault location, secondly for the described transmission of the data and thirdly for the transmission of energy which is used at the control points or external points to generate operating voltages for active components is required.
  • the sensor function is carried out by means of a DC voltage, the data transmission by means of a modulated carrier of approximately 1-5 kHz or even up to 50 kHz and the energy transmission by means of an AC voltage of 50 Hz, from which the required operating voltages are obtained by rectification.
  • the circuits for data transmission generally contain active components that require an operating voltage.
  • an operating voltage can be generated with a pelletizing element.
  • Such an element generates an operating voltage from a temperature difference at its two electrons. It is then possible to dispense with the supply of an operating voltage at certain points along the entire pipeline route.
  • the feed pipe and the return pipe for the medium are each connected to the two electrodes of the pelletizing element with a pipe socket which is closed at the end.
  • the conduit R consists of the inner pipe 1 carrying the medium, the outer pipe 2 surrounding the inner pipe 1 with a space, and the filling material 3 arranged in the space made of e.g. Polyurethane and the sensor in the form of a bare wire 4.
  • the wire 4 stored in the filling material 3 without insulation serves as a sensor for determining a fault location, e.g. a pipe leak and also for the transmission of measurement data.
  • the sensor S is connected to the measuring system MS, which consists of the wire A1 serving for measurement and the wire A2 serving as return conductor.
  • the sensor S runs in the pipe R according to FIG. 1 and is led out of the pipe R at feeders Z1, Z2 for monitoring purposes.
  • Data D is coupled into the sensor S from the data processing DV via the data transcoder DT.
  • the data are evaluated in the data decoder DD and fed to the data acquisition and / or process control DEP.
  • the double arrows indicate that the data transmission is preferably bidirectional.
  • the data D are transmitted in the form of digital signals which are modulated onto a carrier of 50 kHz, for example, by frequency modulation.
  • the frequency of the carrier can also be lower, for example in the range from 1 to 5 kHz. This frequency position can be advantageous in order to meet postal demands.
  • the frequency of the carrier is shifted between two values for the two binary values of the digital signal. Another possibility consists in the carrier being present for the binary value "1" and blanked out for the binary value "0".
  • the data path D is connected to the winding W1 of the transformer U1, the primary winding W2 of which is connected to the two wires A1 of the two Piping R1, R2 is connected.
  • the energy path E is connected to the winding W3 of the transformer U2, the winding W4 of which lies between the center tap of the winding W2 and the interconnected inner tubes 1 of the two pipes R1, R2. This point is the reference point or the earth point for the circuit shown.
  • the wires A1 fulfilling the sensor function of the two pipelines R1, R2 thus additionally form a symmetrical line for data transmission.
  • FIG. 4 shows a circuit which corresponds essentially to the circuit according to FIG. 2.
  • the two conduits R1, R2 each contain a sensor S1, S2 with the actual measuring wire A1 shown in greater detail and the wire A2 serving as a return conductor.
  • the measuring wire A1 is led out into houses H1, H2 for monitoring purposes.
  • the two wires A2 serving as return conductors of the two pipelines R1, R2 additionally serve as a symmetrical line for the transmission of the data D and the energy E.
  • the hybrid circuit with the two transmitters U1, U2 according to FIG. 3 is again provided.
  • the coupling and decoupling of the data D does not take place inductively, as in FIG. 4, but capacitively.
  • the data D are coupled into the sensor S via the capacitors C1, C2.
  • the capacitors C3, C4 With the capacitors C3, C4 the data are decoupled and fed to the data decoder DD.
  • the pipeline R1 carries the medium with a temperature of + 90 ° C for the flow, while the pipeline R2 serving as a return conductor carries the medium with a temperature of + 50 ° C.
  • a pipe socket 5 is attached to the pipe R1, into which the medium penetrates, but which is ended at the end with a blind flange 6.
  • the blind flange 6 is in thermal contact with the electrode 7 of the pelletizing element 8 shown.
  • the pipeline R2 is provided for the return via the corrugated pipe connecting piece 9 which serves to compensate for expansion and which is closed at the end with the blind flange 10 and is connected to the electrode 11 of the pelletizing element 8. With this arrangement, the electrode 7 assumes a temperature of approximately + 90 ° C.
  • FIG. 6 it can be expedient in FIG. 6 to connect the two raw sockets 5, 9, which are separated by the element 8, via the tube 13.
  • the manually adjustable valve 14 is also provided in the tube 13.
  • the tube 13 forms a small so-called bypass, which also prevents cooling on the pelletizing element.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)

Abstract

Un tuyau, comportant un tuyau intérieur (1) conduisant le fluide ainsi qu'un tuyau extérieur (2), contient dans le matériau de remplissage intermédiaire (3) un capteur (S) servant à la détection de défauts. D'autre part, un câble associé au tuyau assure la transmission des données (D). Le but à atteindre est de réduire les dépenses pour la transmission des données (D). Selon l'invention, le capteur (S) est aussi utilisé pour la transmission des données (D). Cette invention s'applique en particulier aux tuyaux utilisés pour le transfert de liquides servant au chauffage à distance.

Claims (8)

  1. Méthode pour la détermination des lieux du défaut aux tuyaux pour des fluides avec un tuyau intérieur (1) conduisant le médium, un tuyau extérieur (2) entourant le tuyau intérieur (1) et un matériel de remplissage (3) dans l'espace intermédiaire entre les deux tuyaux et avec un sensor (S) courant dans l'espace intermédiaire pour le recensement des lieux du défaut et avec un fil pour le recensement des données, caractérisée en ce que le sensor est utilisé supplémentaire pour la transmission des données (D).
  2. Méthode selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la source des données et/ou l'affaissement des données est accouplé inductif ou capacitif au sensor.
  3. Méthode selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que au sensor (S) avec un premier conducteur (A1) servant de tâteur pour un lieu du défaut et avec un deuxième conducteur (A2) servant de fil de retour le deuxième conducteur (A2) est utilisé pour la transmission des données (D). (Fig.3, 4)
  4. Méthode selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que les fils de retour (A2) des sensors (Sa, S2) de deux tuyaux (R1, R2) courants parallèle comme conducteur pour la transmission des données (D). (Fig. 4)
  5. Méthode selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les données (D) sont des signaux digitaux et sont transmites par la modulation des fréquences d'un courant porteur.
  6. Méthode selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que la source ou l'affaissement des données est connectée à un premier bobinage (W1) d'un premier transformateur (Ü1) et duquel deuxième bobinage (W2) est connecté à deux sensors (S1, S2) de deux tuyaux (R1, R2) et que une source ou un affaissement d'énergie est connecté à un bobinage (W3), duquel autre bobinage (W4) est disposé entre une mesure du deuxième bobinage (W2) et les tuyaux intérieurs (1) des deux tuyaux (R1, R2) conjugués électrique l'un avec l'autre. (Fig. 3)
  7. Méthode selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le sensor (S) est utilisé pour la détermination d'un lieu du défaut, pour la transmission des données (D) et pour la transmission d'une énergie (E) pour le chargement des couplages actifs à un point de mesurage et d'évaluation.
  8. Méthode selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que la function du sensor a lieu au moyen de potentiel constant, la transmission des données a lieu au moyen d'un courant porteur modulé avec une fréquence de 1 - 50 kHz et la transmission d'énergie a lieu au moyen de potentiel alternatif de 50 Hz.
EP92905219A 1991-02-12 1992-02-27 Methode pour la determination des lieux du defaut Expired - Lifetime EP0628145B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT92905219T ATE131921T1 (de) 1992-02-27 1992-02-27 Verfahren zur ermittlung von fehlerstellen an leitungsrohren

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4104216A DE4104216A1 (de) 1991-02-12 1991-02-12 Leitungsrohr zum transport eines mediums
PCT/EP1992/000415 WO1993017275A1 (fr) 1991-02-12 1992-02-27 Tuyau pour le transport d'un fluide

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0628145A1 EP0628145A1 (fr) 1994-12-14
EP0628145B1 true EP0628145B1 (fr) 1995-12-20

Family

ID=6424878

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92905219A Expired - Lifetime EP0628145B1 (fr) 1991-02-12 1992-02-27 Methode pour la determination des lieux du defaut

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0628145B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR100209181B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE4104216A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0628145T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1993017275A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4402271C1 (de) * 1994-01-27 1995-07-27 Klein Alb Gmbh Co Kg Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Überwachen von doppelwandigen Förderrohren
DE19519650C2 (de) * 1995-05-30 1997-04-17 Bernd Brandes Verfahren zur Ortung undichter Stellen in Rohrleitungen und Rohrleitungssystem, insbesondere für die Übertragung von Fernwärme
DE19821084C2 (de) * 1998-05-12 2000-08-31 Thermosoft Klimatechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Dichtigkeitsüberwachung
DE10117238A1 (de) * 2001-04-06 2002-10-17 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Detektion von Fehlerstellen in isolierten Leitungssystemen
DE102004047224A1 (de) * 2004-02-17 2005-09-22 Brandes Gmbh Überwachungssystem für ein Fernwärmeverteilsystem
DE102020003135A1 (de) 2020-05-26 2021-12-02 Curt Reichert Sensoreinrichtung zur Funktionsüberwachung einer Rohrleitung

Family Cites Families (17)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3648642A (en) * 1970-01-28 1972-03-14 Continental Oil Co Communication channel between boat and marine cable depth controllers
DE7034009U (de) * 1970-09-12 1970-12-10 Felten & Guilleaume Kabelwerk Rohr fuer druckuebertragungssysteme.
DE7132112U (de) * 1971-08-21 1971-11-11 Felten & Guilleaume Kabelwerke Ag Schlauchkabel
GB1455415A (en) * 1973-03-26 1976-11-10 Rasmussen As E Insulated pipe system having means for detection of moisture in the insulation thereof
US4112247A (en) * 1976-09-20 1978-09-05 Western Electric Company, Inc. Gas feeder pipe assembly including electrical conductors
DE2829302A1 (de) * 1978-07-04 1980-01-17 Gerhard Krause Anordnung zur uebertragung von signalen innerhalb von gebaeuden
SE424359B (sv) * 1979-09-05 1982-07-12 Blom H Anordning for brottindikering vid fjerrvermeror
DE3201643A1 (de) * 1982-01-18 1983-07-28 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Vorrichtung zur ortung eines feuchtigkeitseinbruches in einen langgestreckten gegenstand grosser ausdehnung
DE3419705A1 (de) * 1984-05-25 1985-11-28 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Kabel mit kunststoffmantel und pruefleitern zur erkennung von eindringender feuchtigkeit
DE3433432A1 (de) * 1984-09-12 1986-03-20 kabelmetal electro GmbH, 3000 Hannover Fuehlader zum melden und orten von lecks in fernwaermeleitungen und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
DE3622800A1 (de) * 1985-07-26 1987-01-29 Mitec Moderne Ind Gmbh Messanordnung mit einer vielzahl von messeinheiten
DE3626999A1 (de) * 1986-08-08 1988-02-11 Kabelmetal Electro Gmbh Vorrichtung zur laufenden ueberwachung einer fernwaermeleitung
DE3628336A1 (de) * 1986-08-21 1988-02-25 Roero Ges Fuer Isolier Und Fer Rohrleitungssystem und waermeisolierte rohre, z.b. fuer fernheizleitungen
DE3816884A1 (de) * 1988-05-18 1989-11-30 Guenter Dipl Ing Hess Montageschlauch
DE3907411A1 (de) * 1989-03-08 1990-09-13 Ant Nachrichtentech Zwischenstelle fuer eine digitalsignal-uebertragungsanlage
DE3908903A1 (de) * 1989-03-15 1990-09-20 Siemens Ag Meldeader und elektrisches oder optisches kabel mit einer meldeader sowie kabelnetz aus kabeln mit einer meldeader
DE4011259A1 (de) * 1989-04-10 1990-10-11 Inst Energieversorgung Sensorkabel zur ueberwachung der waermedaemmung von medienfuehrenden versorgungsleitungen, insbesondere fernwaermeleitungen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1993017275A1 (fr) 1993-09-02
DK0628145T3 (da) 1996-05-06
DE4104216C2 (fr) 1992-11-12
KR950700514A (ko) 1995-01-16
KR100209181B1 (ko) 1999-07-15
DE4104216A1 (de) 1992-08-13
EP0628145A1 (fr) 1994-12-14

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