EP0619407A1 - Caveau funéraire - Google Patents

Caveau funéraire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0619407A1
EP0619407A1 EP94105271A EP94105271A EP0619407A1 EP 0619407 A1 EP0619407 A1 EP 0619407A1 EP 94105271 A EP94105271 A EP 94105271A EP 94105271 A EP94105271 A EP 94105271A EP 0619407 A1 EP0619407 A1 EP 0619407A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
distributor
digging
cover
digging system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP94105271A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jürgen Röser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE4318662A external-priority patent/DE4318662A1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0619407A1 publication Critical patent/EP0619407A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H13/00—Monuments; Tombs; Burial vaults; Columbaria

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a digging system comprising a chamber element which surrounds a burial chamber and is built into the ground and has at least three side walls and a cover, at least two opposite side walls and the cover being designed as a prefabricated part.
  • Such grave systems are known for example from DE-OS 31 50 023 or DE-OS 41 18 408.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of improving a grave system of the generic type in such a way that the grave chamber is more accessible.
  • the distribution chamber is arranged underground and invisible to a person standing on the earth.
  • the distributor cover has a covering.
  • This covering on the distributor cover could, for example, be an earth layer.
  • the covering is a path covering.
  • the distributor cover is covered with a gravel fill or with stones or path plates.
  • An advantageous exemplary embodiment provides that the distributor cover can be removed and the distributor chamber is accessible via this distributor cover.
  • This solution is particularly simple Possibility of access to the distribution chamber created without having to take any special structural measures in the design of a cemetery with such a grave system.
  • the path covering above the distributor cover can be removed in a simple manner in order to have access to the distributor cover itself.
  • the distributor cover has an upper side which lies above an upper side of the cover of the burial chamber, so that, for example, no or only a very thin coating has to be applied to the distributor cover, which therefore is easy to remove again, while a thick layer of earth is available above the burial chamber for planting grave plants.
  • the solution according to the invention is particularly advantageous when a plurality of burial chambers are accessible from the distribution chamber.
  • An advantageous solution provides that the burial chambers are arranged on several sides of the distribution chamber.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment provides that the burial chambers are arranged on several sides of the distribution chamber.
  • the concept according to the invention is particularly suitable for a grave system in which several grave chambers are arranged one above the other, so that all grave chambers arranged one above the other are accessible from a distribution room.
  • the burial chambers are arranged one above the other in several layers and that several burial chambers are arranged in several layers on several sides of the distributor chamber.
  • the distribution chamber extends upwards over an upper side of the cover of the burial chamber.
  • one chamber element each comprises a burial chamber. If several grave chambers are then to be provided, the chamber elements should preferably be placed one above the other or next to one another.
  • the chamber element comprises a prefabricated part having three side walls, since this can be produced and transported relatively easily and, on the other hand, does not cause any problems during assembly, since this prefabricated part can be placed as a whole and, if appropriate, on a floor is to be put on and to be closed with a lid, which is also expediently designed as a finished part.
  • the chamber element comprises four side walls and that one side wall is provided with the access opening.
  • Such a chamber element is even more stable and can be transported even more easily.
  • An advantageous exemplary embodiment provides that the access opening is arranged in a narrow side of the burial chamber, so that, for example, a coffin is to be inserted into the burial chamber in its longitudinal direction.
  • Another advantageous embodiment provides that the access opening is arranged in a longitudinal side of the burial chamber and thus a coffin is to be inserted into this burial chamber in its transverse direction.
  • the chamber element comprises a floor and is thus closed on the floor side.
  • the chamber element comprises a bottom which is connected to the side walls in a liquid-tight manner.
  • a chamber element that is liquid-tight on the bottom side can be realized in a simple manner, wherein at least the third side wall is preferably also enclosed by the prefabricated part.
  • the burial chambers of the chamber elements sitting one on top of the other are separated from one another by the floor or the lid, so that the chamber lid of the lower one simultaneously forms the floor of the upper chamber chamber.
  • the chamber element As an alternative to providing a chamber element with a bottom, another advantageous solution provides for the chamber element to have a bottom-side opening under the burial chamber. This creates the possibility of maintaining a soil climate in the burial chamber in a simple manner and thus, for example, adapting decay to the usual conditions in the soil.
  • an advantageous embodiment provides that the chamber element has a support for a coffin or an urn.
  • the chamber elements sitting one on top of the other each comprise supports for a coffin or an urn. This creates the possibility of leaving openings between the chamber elements, so that the same soil climate prevails in all superimposed burial chambers, but on the other hand each burial chamber can be fed individually via the respective access opening.
  • a bones pit is expediently provided under the lowest burial chamber, in which the bones can be spent in a simple manner, the bones then being able to lie further in contact with the ground in the bones pit.
  • the distributor chamber is arranged in a distributor element which is separate from the chamber element. This solution makes it possible to manufacture the chamber elements and the distributor elements separately, to transport them in a simple manner due to their small size, and also to install them in a simple manner.
  • an advantageous solution provides for the distributor chamber to be delimited by a distributor element which has at least two opposite side walls and is formed from at least one finished part.
  • the distributor element can be manufactured in a wide variety of ways.
  • the distributor element is made from at least one finished part having an annular frame.
  • the prefabricated part has a lateral recess corresponding to the access opening for the burial chamber.
  • the distributor element is formed from a plurality of prefabricated parts sitting one on top of the other.
  • An expedient exemplary embodiment provides that at least one chamber element is assigned to each distributor element. With regard to the utilization of the distributor chamber, it is even more advantageous if each distributor element is assigned a chamber element on opposite sides.
  • a practical implementation of the solution according to the invention provides that the height of a lower prefabricated part corresponds to that of an adjoining chamber element.
  • An improved further developed variant further provides that the uppermost finished part protrudes above the laterally adjoining chamber element in order to ensure that the distributor cover is higher than the cover of the chamber elements.
  • a further exemplary embodiment of the concept according to the invention provides that the distributor chamber is delimited by the chamber elements on two opposite sides, so that at least the distributor chamber on these sides does not have its own band elements.
  • the distributor cover it is possible, for example, for the distributor cover to be supported on the chamber elements delimiting the distributor chamber on opposite sides.
  • the distributor chamber is closed at the end.
  • side walls which are either designed as prefabricated parts or are made of in-situ concrete.
  • the chamber element also includes the distributor chamber.
  • the chamber elements are preferably designed in such a way that a partial area of the same surrounds the burial chamber, which is accessible from the distribution chamber via the access opening.
  • the chamber element in each case comprises a burial chamber and part of the distribution chamber.
  • each of the chamber elements sit on top of one another, so that the distributor chamber extends as a whole through the chamber elements sitting on one another and each of the chamber elements comprises at least one burial chamber.
  • the burial chamber viewed in plan view, extends with its longitudinal direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the distributor chamber and the respective burial chamber is accessed via a longitudinal side thereof.
  • the distributor chamber has a collecting tray for liquid on the bottom side.
  • the distributor chamber has a collecting channel for liquid on the bottom side, so that the liquid collects and can be discharged in a simple manner.
  • the distributor chamber has a drain for liquid on the bottom, which is connected, for example, to a sewage or drainage line.
  • the drains of a plurality of distributor chambers are connected to one another and, for example, the last distributor chamber of such a row of connected distributor chambers is connected to a sewerage or drainage line, so that there is no need to lay a complex sewer system under several distributor chambers .
  • the distribution chamber is open on the bottom side, that is to say essentially the entire bottom of the distribution chamber is free, so that there is space in the distribution chamber accumulating liquid can flow freely into the soil beneath the distribution chamber.
  • a drainage line is preferably provided under the distribution chamber, this drainage line being expediently embedded in a drainage layer.
  • the distributor chamber has a vent opening.
  • Such a vent opening is preferably arranged in an upper region of the distribution chamber.
  • the distribution chambers are connected to one another via the ventilation openings and, for example, in the case of a last distribution chamber, ventilation takes place to the outside, the ventilation to the outside either via a filter or into the ground, for example with a filter layer provided in the ground.
  • the chamber element comprises a finished part which has at least three side walls and a bottom.
  • the chamber element has a collecting pan for liquid on the bottom, in order to collect liquid that collects in the burial chamber and does not allow it to flow out of it.
  • the access opening of each burial chamber can be closed by a closure plate.
  • the closure plate can be inserted into a receptacle in a sealing manner, for example in order to seal the burial chambers either liquid-tight and / or air-tight.
  • the burial chamber is independent of the distribution chamber, so that water ingress in the distribution chamber is tolerated without problems and in particular no contact with body parts and water entering the distribution chamber, for example.
  • the receptacle is arranged on the chamber element, so that the connection between the distributor element and the chamber element has no influence on the question of sealing the burial chamber.
  • each chamber element has a side wall with a frame for the closure plate.
  • the closure plate can be inserted into the frame with a circumferential seal.
  • chamber element and distributor element are also separate parts provides that the chamber element can be connected to the distributor element in a liquid-tight manner, so that the arrangement of the closure plate plays a subordinate role for the question of sealing the burial chamber, since the closure plate now can sit in a wall of the chamber element or the distributor element without impairing the tight closure of the burial chamber.
  • Each burial chamber is preferably provided with ventilation, the ventilation being carried out in the simplest case via an opening, more appropriately via an odor filter.
  • the ventilation takes place in particular via the distribution chamber, with for example an ventilation opening being provided in a closure plate.
  • the distributor chamber For venting the distributor chamber, it is advantageously provided that it is provided with a vent opening leading from the distributor chamber into the surroundings, preferably surrounding soil or filler or covering material.
  • the soil or the filling or covering material serves as a filter, preferably as an odor filter.
  • the ventilation opening is a filter, in particular an activated carbon filter.
  • a particularly advantageous ventilation can be achieved if the ventilation opening is arranged in an upper area of the distributor chamber, preferably in an area thereof close to the distributor cover.
  • the distributor element forms a liquid-tight body in order to prevent water from penetrating into it at other locations as well.
  • a first embodiment of a digging system according to the invention designated as a whole by 10, comprises a burial chamber 12 for urns or coffins, which is arranged in a chamber element designated as a whole by 14.
  • the chamber element 14 in turn comprises a lower part designed as a prefabricated part 16 with a bottom 18, and two opposing longitudinal side walls 20, and a rear wall 22, which is arranged opposite a front wall 24, which in turn has a recess 26.
  • the front wall 24 forms a threshold 30 projecting upwards over a surface 28 of the base 18, so that a base trough 32 for receiving liquid is thus formed within the finished part 16.
  • the burial chamber 12 is also closed off by a cover 34 which rests on the prefabricated part 16.
  • the recess 26 of the chamber element 14 serves as an access opening to the burial chamber 12 contained by the chamber element 14 and opens into a distributor chamber 36 arranged laterally next to the burial chamber.
  • the distributor chamber 36 is arranged in a distributor element 38, which in the simplest case comprises a prefabricated part 40, which in turn has a bottom 42, opposing longitudinal side walls 44 and opposing transverse side walls 46, the transverse side wall 46 facing the access opening 26 also being provided with a recess 48 which is at least as large as the recess 26 or larger.
  • the distributor element 38 comprises a distributor cover 50, which is formed in one part or in several parts and rests on the finished part 40 and closes the distributor chamber 36 at the top.
  • the distributor cover 50 is removably placed on the finished part 40.
  • An upper side 52 of the distributor cover 50 preferably lies above an upper side 54 of the cover 34 of the burial chamber 12, so that the cover 34 is overall lower than the distributor cover 50.
  • the distributor cover 50 is preferably designed to be accessible on its upper side 52 and, for example, covered with a bed 56 of gravel forming a path.
  • the bed 56 can, however, also be replaced by appropriately laid paving stones or paving slabs.
  • the distributor cover 50 is preferably also formed from one or more prefabricated parts placed next to one another.
  • the cover 34 is not only designed as a plate, but instead comprises, for example, all-round lateral upstands 62 which form a planting trough 64 lying above the upper side 54 for receiving the soil layer 54.
  • the upstands 62 serve to form foundation bases for a grave border to be arranged above the cover 34.
  • cover 34 is preferably also provided with a base element 66, which rises from the upper side 54 at a point to be fixed and serves as a foundation for a tombstone to be placed at this point.
  • a second exemplary embodiment of a digging system according to the invention designated as a whole by 70, those parts which are identical to those of the first exemplary embodiment are provided with the same reference numerals, so that with regard to their description, reference is also made to the explanations for the first exemplary embodiment.
  • a recess 48 is provided in each transverse side wall 46 and a chamber element 14 is arranged in each case next to each of the transverse side walls 46.
  • the chamber elements 14 and the distributor element 38 lying between them are also installed in the ground in the same way as explained, for example, in connection with the first exemplary embodiment 10.
  • a third exemplary embodiment designated as a whole by 80, shown in FIG. 5, 36 chamber elements 14a, b, c are arranged one above the other on opposite sides of the distributor chamber, the lowermost chamber element 14a comprising a chamber part 16a which is formed exactly as in the first exemplary embodiment 10 is.
  • the cover of the prefabricated part 16a forms the bottom 18 of the prefabricated part 16b lying above it, which in turn is part of the chamber element 14. Its cover is also formed by the bottom 18c of the overlying prefabricated part 16c of the chamber element 14c and only the prefabricated part 16c is closed by the cover 34.
  • the distribution chamber 36 is also made up of several prefabricated parts.
  • a lower prefabricated part 40a comprises the longitudinal side walls 44 and the transverse side walls 46 and the floor 42 and extends over a height which corresponds to the prefabricated part 16a.
  • the prefabricated part 40b lying above it is designed only as a ring, comprising the longitudinal side walls 44 and the transverse side walls 46, but it has no bottom 42.
  • the finished part 40b extends over the same height as the finished part 16b.
  • the uppermost finished part 40c is also designed as a ring with the two longitudinal side walls 44 and the two transverse side walls 46 and without a bottom 42. However, it has a height which goes beyond that of the prefabricated part 16c together with the cover 34, so that the distributor cover 50 lies with its upper side 52 above the upper side 54 of the cover 34.
  • the prefabricated parts 40a, 40b and 40c are placed one above the other and thus form a continuous distributor chamber 36 from which, starting on opposite sides in each case, the burial chambers 12a, 12b and 12c in the same way as in the first exemplary embodiment, that is to say through recesses 48 in the transverse side walls 46 of the Finished parts 40a, 40b and 40c, are accessible.
  • grave chambers 12a, 12b and 12c are thus arranged in three superimposed layers 82a, 82b and 82c Distribution chamber 36 is accessible, two grave chambers 12a, b, c being available in each of the layers 82a, b, c.
  • Both the second exemplary embodiment 70 and the third exemplary embodiment 80 of the digging system according to the invention can be arranged individually.
  • space-saving is a configuration shown in Fig. 6, in which the longitudinal side walls 20 of the chamber elements 14 and the longitudinal side walls 44 of the distributor elements 38 of successive digging systems abut one another and thus a row 84 of distributor chambers 36 is formed in the center, which is between two rows 86 of burial chambers 12, with either only a single burial chamber 12 being present or burial chambers 12a, b, c lying one above the other in several layers 82a, b, c.
  • the width of the distributor chambers 36 is chosen to be the same as the width of the burial chambers 12, so that preferably the longitudinal side walls 20 of the chamber elements 14 and the longitudinal side walls 44 of the distributor elements 38 each lie in one plane, and consequently that shown in FIG. 6 Configuration is particularly easy to implement.
  • the width of the distributor chamber 36, and thus also the distance between the longitudinal side walls 44 of the distributor element 38 ', is selected so that it is twice that Width of a chamber element 14, so that two adjacent chamber elements 14 connect to each of the transverse side walls 46, for which purpose each of the transverse side walls 46 is provided with two recesses 48 (FIG. 7).
  • the distributor element 38 ' is designed in the same way as in the previously described exemplary embodiments and in particular also each chamber element 14 is designed in the same way, so that reference can be made to the statements relating to the preceding exemplary embodiments.
  • the distributor element 38 ' preferably has a rectangular cross section, so that both longitudinal side walls 44 of the same and longitudinal side walls 46 of the same chamber elements 14 are connected.
  • both the longitudinal side walls 44 'and the transverse side walls 46 are provided with recesses 48 which correspond to the recesses 26 serving as an access opening.
  • a plurality of distributor elements 38 ' are arranged side by side, so that rows 86' of burial chambers 12 can also be formed on opposite sides of the distributor elements 38 ', between which one Row 84 'of distributor elements 38' is located, these distributor elements 38 ', when they are located at the end of row 84', also being provided with recesses 48 in the region of their longitudinal side walls 44 '.
  • a distributor element 38 ′′ with a round cross section is provided, to which the chamber elements 14 are connected so that they protrude in the radial direction from an outer circumference of the distributor element 38 ′′.
  • the chamber elements 14 are connected so that they protrude in the radial direction from an outer circumference of the distributor element 38 ′′.
  • four chamber elements 14 are arranged in one position around the distributor element 38 ′′.
  • the distributor element 38 has the same shape as in the second exemplary embodiment, shown in FIG. 4.
  • the chamber element 14 has the shape of a cylinder with a rounded cross section, which is different with a Cylinder axis 122 extends in a substantially horizontal direction.
  • the cylinder can also have any cross sections. One possibility is to design this cylinder as a circular cylinder.
  • the cylinder 14 ' has a rear wall 22', which closes it on its end facing away from the distribution chamber 36, while preferably no front wall 24 is provided at the end facing the distribution chamber, but rather the recess 26 'serving as an access opening extends over the entire cross section of the cylinder expands.
  • the transverse side wall 46 of the distributor element 38 is provided with a recess 26 'in this form corresponding to the recess 48'.
  • the chamber element 14 and the distributor element 38 have the same shape as, for example, in the first exemplary embodiment.
  • one of the longitudinal side walls 20 of the chamber element 14 and one of the longitudinal side walls 44 of the distributor element 38 abut one another, the longitudinal side wall 20 being provided with a recess 26 ′′ which extends essentially over the entire length thereof.
  • the longitudinal side wall 44 of the distributor element 36 abutting the longitudinal side wall 20 is also provided with a recess 48 ′′ corresponding to the recess 26 ′′.
  • the chamber element 14 and the distributor element 38 are identical to those in the second exemplary embodiment, so that reference can be made in full to the explanations regarding this.
  • the chamber elements 14 arranged according to the eighth exemplary embodiment can, as shown in FIG. 13, also be arranged on both sides of the distributor element 38 and, furthermore, a plurality of distributor elements 38 can be arranged successively to form a row 132, so that rows 134 of chamber elements lie on both sides of the row 132, in the case of successive chamber elements 14 in one of the rows 134, the respective front wall 24 abuts the respective rear wall 22 of the next chamber element 14.
  • chamber elements 14 corresponding to the third exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 5 are arranged in two layers 82a and 82b on both sides of the distribution chamber, while in one of the third layers 82c the chamber elements 14c 'are arranged in the direction of the distributor chamber 36 away have a smaller extent than the underlying chamber elements 14a and 14b. For this reason, the chamber elements 14b in the part which is not covered by the chamber elements 14c are provided with a cover 34 'and the uppermost, the chamber element 14c' with the cover 34.
  • the distributor element 38 also extends through a further prefabricated part 40d placed over it Cover 34 of the chamber element 14c 'upwards and is covered on its upper side with the distributor cover 50.
  • the entire digging system 140 is built into an earth wall 142, which rises, for example, above a surface 144 of the surrounding terrain.
  • the distributor chamber 36 is either accessible through the removable distributor cover 50 or also through a door 146 arranged on the end face of the earth wall 142.
  • the seal between the chamber elements 14 and the distributor element 38 was no longer discussed.
  • the seal is explained in detail in FIG. 15 using the first exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 as an example.
  • the front wall 24 lies against the transverse side wall 46.
  • the recess 48 in the transverse side wall 46 is designed so that its extent corresponds at least to the extent of the recess 26 in the front wall 24.
  • the recess 26 in the front wall 24 preferably has edge surfaces 152 which run towards one another in the direction of the burial chamber 12.
  • a closure plate 154 is provided, which likewise has outer edge surfaces 156 which run conically towards one another in the direction of the burial chamber 12, which are arranged facing the edge surfaces 152 and preferably run parallel to these.
  • a seal 158 is preferably inserted between them for sealing between the edge surfaces 152 and the outer edge surfaces 156.
  • the locking plate 154 is acted upon by claws 160 in the direction of the burial chamber 112, the claws 160 being supported, for example, in the transverse side wall 46 of the distributor element 38.
  • liquid accumulating in the burial chamber 12 is collected in the floor pan 32 already described.
  • a ventilation opening 153 is preferably provided in the closure plate 154 for ventilation of the burial chamber 12.
  • a filter 155 preferably an activated carbon filter, is expediently arranged in the ventilation opening.
  • a tight seal is provided between the chamber element 14 and the distributor element 38.
  • the chamber element 14 protrudes with its front end 166 facing the distributor element 38 into a circumferential recess 168 which, with its recess edges 170, the front end 166 in the region of the upper side 54 of the cover 34 and a lower side 172 of the base 18 as well as outer sides of the longitudinal side walls 20 spreads. Between these and the recess edge 170 there is a seal 174 which runs all around the front end 166 of the chamber element 14.
  • the recess 26b extends over the entire inner cross section of the chamber element 14 and the closure plate 154 'has outer edge surfaces 178 running parallel to inner sides 176 of the chamber element, a seal 180 also being arranged between these outer edge surfaces 178 and the inner surfaces 176, which is also formed as a circumferential seal.
  • the closure plate 154 with the seal 180 sits, for example, at the level of the transverse side wall 46, so that the burial chamber 12 is also sealed in a liquid-tight manner with respect to the distributor chamber 36 and, on the other hand, water penetration from the surrounding earth into the burial chamber 12 through the seal 174 between the distributor element 38 and the chamber element 14 is prevented.
  • the seal 180 prevents liquid collecting in the burial chamber 12 from flowing out into the distribution chamber 36.
  • the chamber elements 14 are constructed identically with those of the preceding exemplary embodiments, for example those of the third exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5. Furthermore, the chamber elements 14 are arranged one above the other in three layers 82a, b, c and adjoin the distributor chamber 36 ', which, in contrast to the above exemplary embodiments, does not lie within a distributor element surrounding them on all sides.
  • the distributor chamber 36 ′ is delimited on two opposite sides by the front sides 24 of the chamber elements 14 and closed off by separate longitudinal side wall elements 202.
  • the floor 42 ' is formed by a separately inserted floor plate 204, which is introduced as a finished part or as a concrete plate.
  • the distributor cover 50 'lies in this case on the covers 34 of the uppermost chamber elements 14c and extends for this purpose so far that it overlaps them in the region of the front walls 24c.
  • the distributor cover 50 can be removed in the same way as shown in the previous exemplary embodiments, while the uppermost chamber elements 14c are firmly closed with the cover 34.
  • chamber elements 14 are installed in the same way as in the exemplary embodiments described above.
  • the recesses 26 also face the distribution chamber 36 'and, for example as described in the variant according to FIG. 15, are closed with closure plates 154.
  • the chamber element designated as a whole by 214 comprises not only the digging chamber 12, but at least a part of the distributor chamber 36 located next to it.
  • two chamber elements 214a and 214b are provided, one above the other, one of which comprises a burial chamber 12a and 12b, respectively.
  • the chamber element 214a in this case comprises a prefabricated part 216a with a base 218a, from which two longitudinal side walls 220a and transverse side walls 222a rise opposite one another.
  • the finished part 216a forms a lower trough as the lower part.
  • the prefabricated part 216b sits on this prefabricated part 216a, which forms a lid for the burial chamber 12a with its bottom 218b.
  • the floor 218b extends from the transverse side wall 222a in the direction of the opposite transverse side wall 222a only to the distributor chamber 36 and thus covers the burial chamber 12a.
  • An access opening 226a is thus formed from the distributor chamber 36 to the burial chamber 12a, which is surrounded by the longitudinal side walls 222a, the bottom 218a and an underside 225 of the bottom 218b and separates the distributor chamber 36 from the burial chamber 12a.
  • This access opening 226a can preferably be closed with a closure plate 254a.
  • the prefabricated part 216b sitting on the prefabricated part 216a in turn also comprises two transverse side walls 222b and two longitudinal side walls 220b which are aligned with the transverse side walls 222a or longitudinal side walls 220a and form a ring which partially surrounds both the burial chamber 12b and the distributor chamber 36.
  • the burial chamber 12b is enclosed on the one hand by one of the transverse side walls 222b and parts of the opposing longitudinal side walls 220b as well as the bottom 218b and a cover 234 seated on the prefabricated part 216b, the cover being between the two Transverse sidewalls 222b extend in the same manner as floor 218b.
  • the burial chamber 12b is thus only accessible from the distribution chamber via the access opening 226b, this access opening also being closable by a closure plate 254b.
  • the cover 234 is in turn provided with a base plate 236 and lateral upstands 238 and thus forms a plant trough 240 in the same way as the cover 34, according to FIG. 3 of the variant of the first exemplary embodiment, and with its upstands 238 foundations, for example for a grave border.
  • the distributor cover 250 is removably mounted on the riser ring 242.
  • the riser ring 242 is in turn a prefabricated part, so that the digging system 210 can be produced from a total of three prefabricated parts, namely the prefabricated parts 216a and b, the riser ring 242 and can be firmly covered with the cover 234 on the one hand and on the other hand in the region of the riser ring 242 with the removable distributor cover 250 can be covered so that when the distributor cover 250 is removed, the through all three finished parts 216a, b and 242nd through-going distribution chamber 36 is accessible, from which access to the burial chambers 12a and 12b can be made via the access openings 226a and 226b.
  • the digging system is constructed on the same principle as in the eleventh exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 19 and 20, with the difference that 36 digging chambers 12a are arranged on both sides of the distributor chamber in the respective prefabricated part 217, between which the distribution chamber 36 lies.
  • the respective prefabricated part 217a, b is designed such that it has two floors 218b lying on opposite sides, between which the distributor chamber 36 extends through the finished parts 217a and b.
  • the elevation ring 242 sits centrally on the finished part 216b and on both sides of the elevation ring 242 covers 234 are provided for the burial chambers 12b arranged on opposite sides.
  • a leg chamber 252 which is accessible through a cover 253 in the bottom 218a, is preferably also provided under the bottom part 218a of the distributor chamber 36. Furthermore, air circulation openings 256 are also provided in the longitudinal side walls 220a, b, preferably in an upper region thereof, which allow an air exchange with distributor chambers 36 adjoining the longitudinal side walls 220a, b.
  • the chamber element 214a' differs from the chamber element 214a in that its bottom 218a 'extends only under the burial chamber 12a, in the same way as the bottom 218b.
  • the chamber elements 214a 'and 214b are identical in this embodiment.
  • the distribution chamber 36 no longer has a floor, but is provided with a lower opening 260 which opens to the soil lying below the chamber element 214a '. Under the opening 260, a drainage layer 262 is provided in the ground, in which a drainage pipe 264 runs.
  • the cover 234 ' only comprises the base plate 236', which is connected in one piece to the riser ring 242 '.
  • the elevation ring 242 ' projects with its side walls 266 upwards over the base plate 236' and can be closed with the distributor cover 250.
  • a vent opening 268 is also provided in the elevation ring 242 ′, which enables gases that collect in the distribution chamber 36 to be drawn off.
  • the vent opening 268 is either connected to the vent opening 268 of a further distribution chamber 36 or leads into the soil surrounding the elevation ring 242 ′ in order to allow the gases to flow out.
  • vent opening 268 is additionally provided with a filter.
  • a vent opening 267 is provided in the elevation ring 242 ', preferably facing the base plate 236', for venting the distributor chamber 36 into a cover layer located above the base plate 236 ', executed in particular as an earth layer.
  • a filter 269 in particular an activated carbon filter, is preferably inserted into this vent opening.
  • the thirteenth embodiment is designed in the same way as the eleventh embodiment, so that the same reference numerals are used for the same parts and reference can be made in full to the remarks on the twelfth embodiment.
  • the chamber elements 214a '' and 214b '' have no bottom 218a or 218b, but instead of the bottom there are support elements 270a and 270b for one in the respective burial chamber 12a or 12b coffin to be deposited.
  • An opening 272a or 272b remains free between the support elements 270a and 270b, so that there is still an earth contact in each of the burial chambers 12a and 12b.
  • the support elements 270a or 270b are preferably designed as strips projecting from the side walls 220a or 220b, between which the opening 272a or 272b extends.
  • a web 274a or 274b extending between the longitudinal side walls 220a or 220b, on which the respective closure plate 254a or 254b can be placed in order to seal the respective burial chamber 12a or 126 tightly .
  • closure plates 254a and 254b each sit on this web 274a and 274b.
  • the distribution chamber 36 is open downward and has the opening 260, which faces the ground.
  • a drainage layer 276 with a drainage pipe 264 is preferably provided under the entire lower chamber element 214a ′′ for the removal of liquid.
  • a planting trough 240 ′′ is formed by a ring 238 ′′ placed on the bottom 236 ′′ of the cover 234 ′′, which can be placed as a separate part in the area of the bottom 236 ′′ while the bottom 236 '' forms an integral part with the riser ring 242 '', in the same way as in the twelfth embodiment.
  • the fourteenth embodiment is identical to the eleventh or twelfth embodiment, so that the same reference numerals are used for the remaining parts and full reference can also be made to the explanations for these embodiments.
  • the burial chamber 12a is not provided with a bottom 218a, but rather has an opening 280 facing the soil lying under the chamber element 214a ''', beneath which a drainage layer 262 is preferably included a drain pipe 264.
  • the distributor chamber 36 is provided with a bottom 282 which extends from the transverse side wall 222a to the access opening 226a, so that the closure plate 254a for the burial chamber 12a can be placed on the bottom 282.
  • the chamber element 214b is configured identically as in the eleventh exemplary embodiment, shown in FIGS. 19 and 20.
  • the chamber element 214a ′′ ′′ is preferably of identical design to the chamber element 214b, but the two chamber elements are placed on one another rotated by 180 °, so that the continuous distributor chamber 36 and two burial chambers 12a and 12b form.
  • the burial chamber 12a can in turn serve as a burial chamber for a coffin or an urn. However, it can also be used as a bone chamber for the overlying burial chamber 12b and possibly further overlying burial chambers, so that the bones removed from the overlying burial chambers 12b can be stored in this lowest burial chamber 12a in a simple manner.
  • the cover 234 ' is designed in the same way as in the thirteenth exemplary embodiment, shown in FIGS. 23 and 24.
  • an opening 284 is provided above the floor 282 of the distribution chamber, which serves on the one hand to discharge liquid that builds up above the floor 282, and on the other hand in combination with the vent opening 268 for the circulation of air or gases between successively arranged distribution chambers 36, in the case of successive ones Distribution chambers 36 each have openings 268 and 284 inserted into one another Tubes are connected or the next distribution chamber 36 directly adjoins the side wall 220a or 220b, so that a tube for connecting the openings 268 and 284 is unnecessary.
  • the fifteenth embodiment is identical to the eleventh embodiment, so that the same reference numerals are used and full reference can be made to the explanations for the eleventh embodiment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Retaining Walls (AREA)
EP94105271A 1993-04-09 1994-04-05 Caveau funéraire Withdrawn EP0619407A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4311779 1993-04-09
DE4311779 1993-04-09
DE4318662A DE4318662A1 (de) 1993-04-09 1993-06-04 Grabanlage
DE4318662 1993-06-04

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EP94105271A Withdrawn EP0619407A1 (fr) 1993-04-09 1994-04-05 Caveau funéraire

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0887492A1 (fr) * 1997-06-27 1998-12-30 Schulze, Peter Asmus Tombe à éléments, en forme de puits

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1516991A (fr) * 1967-01-20 1968-02-05 Caveau en éléments préfabriqués
FR2379675A1 (fr) * 1977-02-07 1978-09-01 Negri Maurice Dispositif etanche pour sepulture pour combattre la pollution par effets epuratifs et biologiques
FR2621344A1 (fr) * 1987-10-02 1989-04-07 Beton 06 Sa Caveaux et caniveaux funeraires prefabriques
FR2663667A1 (fr) * 1990-06-22 1991-12-27 Cardi Bernard Caveau prefabrique en beton arme.
EP0497721A2 (fr) * 1991-01-31 1992-08-05 Jean-Claude Chaigne Procédé de fabrication d'un caveau ou d'un élément de caveau funéraire, et caveau ainsi obtenu

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1516991A (fr) * 1967-01-20 1968-02-05 Caveau en éléments préfabriqués
FR2379675A1 (fr) * 1977-02-07 1978-09-01 Negri Maurice Dispositif etanche pour sepulture pour combattre la pollution par effets epuratifs et biologiques
FR2621344A1 (fr) * 1987-10-02 1989-04-07 Beton 06 Sa Caveaux et caniveaux funeraires prefabriques
FR2663667A1 (fr) * 1990-06-22 1991-12-27 Cardi Bernard Caveau prefabrique en beton arme.
EP0497721A2 (fr) * 1991-01-31 1992-08-05 Jean-Claude Chaigne Procédé de fabrication d'un caveau ou d'un élément de caveau funéraire, et caveau ainsi obtenu

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0887492A1 (fr) * 1997-06-27 1998-12-30 Schulze, Peter Asmus Tombe à éléments, en forme de puits

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