EP0600525B1 - Procédé et installation pour le séchage, et/ou le chauffage de matériaux pouvant s'écouler - Google Patents

Procédé et installation pour le séchage, et/ou le chauffage de matériaux pouvant s'écouler Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0600525B1
EP0600525B1 EP93120770A EP93120770A EP0600525B1 EP 0600525 B1 EP0600525 B1 EP 0600525B1 EP 93120770 A EP93120770 A EP 93120770A EP 93120770 A EP93120770 A EP 93120770A EP 0600525 B1 EP0600525 B1 EP 0600525B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
pipe
flame
burner
burning
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93120770A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0600525A3 (fr
EP0600525A2 (fr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
U Ammann Maschinenfabrik AG
Original Assignee
U Ammann Maschinenfabrik AG
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Filing date
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Publication of EP0600525A2 publication Critical patent/EP0600525A2/fr
Publication of EP0600525A3 publication Critical patent/EP0600525A3/xx
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
    • F26B11/02—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles
    • F26B11/028—Arrangements for the supply or exhaust of gaseous drying medium for direct heat transfer, e.g. perforated tubes, annular passages, burner arrangements, dust separation, combined direct and indirect heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/14—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge
    • F27B7/16—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum, e.g. composite means
    • F27B7/161—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum, e.g. composite means the means comprising projections jutting out from the wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/34—Arrangements of heating devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the claim 1 and an apparatus for performing the method according to claim 4.
  • DE-A 38 15 104 describes a device for drying of free-flowing material, as is particularly the case in asphalt production is required for production temperatures of 180 up to 400 ° C.
  • the known device had a rotating powered firing drum, which by a burner flame was heated in the middle. Such an arrangement is also called Called rotary kiln.
  • the holding fixtures consisted of z-shaped bends Tabs, which have a tab foot on a pipe inner wall were attached.
  • EP-A 0 030 403 describes a method for drying and Calcination of bulk material, especially aluminum fluoride trihydrate known.
  • keyword “calcining” is the heating of solid materials (burning) understood to a certain degree of decomposition, whereby e.g. B. with soda, gypsum and other substances, the water of crystallization is removed in whole or in part. By calcining you get possibly also active substances.
  • Calcining is a chemical process during the drying process of the invention purely physically is. To underline the chemical process noted that the inner wall of the outer tube with was lined with a high-clay ramming paste. The invention does not require a special material application on the pipe wall, which are involved in a chemical process. The The method of EP-A 0 030 403 is thus that of the invention alien to the species.
  • the object of the invention is to dry free-flowing Material for asphalt production a combustion with high thermal efficiency at low Emissions without risk of overheating of the drum create.
  • the burner flame Due to the preferred design of the free firing drum end with a conical intake, the burner flame shaped so that a return and swirl of combustion gases for even better combustion he follows.
  • the device 1 shown in FIG . 1 for drying and mixing free-flowing material 2 works in the so-called counter-current mode, ie the material 2 to be dried is introduced on the right-hand side in FIG. 1 with a conveyor belt 3 and then runs first against the hot flame exhaust gases and then on the jacket of a tube 25a heated by the flame gases 5 to the material outlet 7.
  • the material 2 travels through a pre-drum 9 , which has three rows of spreading vanes 6 on its inner wall, from which it is then transferred via transfer elements 8 ( FIG. 5 ) which are inclined to the pre-drum axis at location 10 to the firing drum 11 shown in broken lines.
  • the transfer elements 8 are arranged on heat shielding plates 12 as heat shielding elements which are intended to keep the heat of the burner flame away from the outer tube 25b of the firing drum 11 .
  • the material 2 is lifted up by the spreading vanes 6 and falls as a curtain through the hot exhaust gases generated by the burner flame 5 .
  • the inner (first) tube 25a has a smooth inner surface without any internals.
  • the pre-drum 9 and the outer 25b of the two tubes 25a and 25b are connected to one another and are rotatably supported on two races 17a and 17b , which are driven by two electric motors 19a and 19b .
  • the preturret 9 at the place of entry material by the conveyor belt 3 is also inclined to the wall of the preturret 9 arranged on Kochleitmaschine.
  • the device 1 is mounted on a frame 20 in such a way that the axes 23a and 23b of the pre-drum 9 and the burning drum 11 are aligned with one another and from the burner arrangement 13 to the conveyor belt 3 towards the horizontal storage plane 22 of the device obliquely upwards, preferably at 4 °, are inclined.
  • the tube 25a is drawn conically inwards at its opposite free end region 21 , preferably starting after 80% to 90%, here at 90% of the firing drum length.
  • the conical end region 21 which is drawn inwards to 90% of the original diameter, serves to reduce the flame diameter in the flame tip, so that combustion gases can be recirculated and swirled, in particular with the supply air 52 described below, for even better combustion.
  • the retracted, annular end region 21 gives the tube 25a , which is heavily loaded by the heating of the burner flame 5 , a high mechanical strength; this also retains spray material from the pre-drum 9 .
  • the flame length is set so that it does not protrude into the trickle curtain at the end of the drum.
  • the flame preferably ends within the tube 25a .
  • the inner tube 25a of the firing drum 11 with an inner diameter of 2 m and a tube length of 3 m, these details only showing embodiments, rests on a plurality of radial rings 24 , one of which is shown in FIG. 2 and two in FIG. 4 .
  • the inner tube 25a rests on the rings 24 and can therefore shift, in particular in the axial direction, due to thermal expansions.
  • the rings 24 have a T-shaped radial cross-sectional profile.
  • Each ring 24 is supported against the outer tube 25b by four tubular supports 27 standing radially thereon . One end of each support 27 is welded to the inner jacket of the outer tube 25b .
  • the end of the support opposite the welded end is cut, the width and depth of cut being selected such that the central T-leg of the ring 24 lies with play.
  • Four equally spaced flanges 18 are now welded to the outer jacket of the end region of the inner tube 25a which is adjacent to the burner base and which have two through holes, the spacing of which is selected such that a U-shaped clamping bracket 28 can be pushed through with its legs. These legs are threaded. The distance between the legs is larger by a tolerance than the diameter of the supports 27 . With these clamping brackets 28 , the supports 27 , as shown in FIG. 4 , are now connected to the flanges 18 .
  • the power transmission for the inner tube 25a takes place via the welds of the four supports 27 on the inner jacket of the outer tube 25b , via the supports 27 , the clamping bracket 28 and the flanges 18 to the inner tube 25a .
  • the inner tube 25a is only attached to its end adjacent to the burner base, free axial thermal expansion can take place, especially since the outer jacket of the inner tube 25a can slide freely on the roof leg of the T-profile. Radial tension is avoided by the possibility of movement of the slotted end of the support on the central T-leg of the ring 24 .
  • the supports 27 do not impede the transport of material between the two tubes 25a and 25b .
  • the blading 35a / 35b (holding fittings) for taking the material 2 with it during the revolutions of the firing drum 11 is arranged.
  • the blading 35a / 35b holding fittings for taking the material 2 with it during the revolutions of the firing drum 11 is arranged.
  • two different blades 33a and 33b are used for the material transport. The material remains in the blades 33a and 33b up to approximately a sliding angle ⁇ of 60 °.
  • the amount of difference in phantom in Figure 2 illustrated 35a, 35b schematically indicates the amount of material which falls out during the rotary movement of the blades 33a and 33b and to which the flame 5 side facing away from the inner tube 25a is falling and cools this absorption of heat by the material of the second
  • the material 2 still remaining in the culmination location (vertically above the axis 23b of the firing drum 11 ) of the rotary movement in the blades 33a and 33b then trickles down on the left side of the tube and also cools it.
  • a single blade 35a or 35b is not arranged over the entire length of a tube 25b along its surface line, but is divided into a plurality, preferably three, longitudinal blade parts.
  • the divided pieces are arranged radially offset one behind the other. This dislocation prevents warping in the event of a rapid increase in temperature, as is provided by the low heat capacity, and additionally high mechanical stability can be achieved.
  • the blades described above and also the blades described below are made of solid sheet steel and have no openings. This is to ensure that a defined sliding out of the material 2 from the blades 35a and 35b is achieved, the material 2 then glides along the pipe wall in question in order to cool it under its own heating with thorough mixing.
  • a temperature-resistant steel alloy e.g. Inconell 800
  • Inconell 800 a temperature-resistant steel alloy
  • the one or more pipes 25a and 25b and other assemblies were heated on any heat-storing material, such as. B. chamotte waived in order to obtain a very fast heating-up time of a few minutes for the device. As a result of these rapid heating-up times, even small amounts of material can be processed for special application conditions.
  • the flame diameter in the firing drum is adjusted via the structural shape of the burner nozzle or nozzles and the components surrounding them in such a way that it is between 30% and 90%, preferably between 50% and 85% of the inner drum diameter. At full load of the device, 85% is reached.
  • the diameter of the flame 5 is understood to mean that part in which the combustion takes place and which is so hot that it lights up.
  • FIG. 8 shows in particular the supply of air necessary for the combustion.
  • the combustion air 51 - not to be confused with the leak and supply air 52 - is drawn in with a fan 53 and consists of fresh air 55 .
  • Leakage air is understood to mean an air entry into the device 1 through gaps and in particular through the material inlet and outlet 7 . The influence of the leakage air is not discussed further.
  • so-called “blue smoke” 57 can be added to the fresh air 55 .
  • the "Blue Smoke” is mostly blue-colored, usually organic vapors, which are produced during asphalt production due to its evaporation and are extracted by suction hoods.
  • the "Blue Smoke”, as described below, is preferably also burned in the burner arrangement, which means that separate removal, for. B. by washing, etc. unnecessary.
  • the different paths of combustion air 51 and supply air 52 are highlighted by different hatching in FIG. 8 .
  • the flow of fresh air 55 or "blue smokes" 57 is adjusted via actuators 59 or 60 for an optimal combustion process.
  • a further optimization, also with a view to low-emission gases, takes place in the burner arrangement 13 by a controlled division of the combustion air 51 into a primary air flow 63 (closer hatching) and a secondary air flow 64 .
  • the primary air flow 63 is introduced into the burner chamber 42 , enclosing a fuel nozzle 65 through which the fuel 67 is introduced.
  • the flow of the primary air flow 63 is adjusted with an actuator 69 so that the fuel combustion in the burner chamber 42 takes place in the burner flame 5 in an inner region 71 with little oxygen.
  • the secondary air 64 is introduced coaxially outward around the primary air 63 into the burner chamber 42 . It is set with an actuator 73 such that fuel combustion takes place in an outer, oxygen-rich area 75 .
  • the supply air 52 can be loaded in particular with gaseous and dusty as well as with liquid and semi-liquid binders and also with material dust from a drying drum (recycling drum) in which asphalt is processed.
  • the supplied supply air 52 also serves to cool the inner tube 25a in order to prevent it from overheating.
  • the supply air flow and the output of the burner arrangement 13 can be set independently of one another, since the supply air is fed separately to the combustion air.
  • the binder contained in the supply air is afterburned or decomposed by the radiant heat of the burner flame 5 and by the hot inner wall of the tube 25a .
  • the burner flame is set such that the burner drum 11 experiences a burner chamber load of between 0.5 MW / m 3 and 3 MW / m 3 , preferably between 0.8 MW / m 3 and 1.5 MW / m 3 .
  • the device 1 described here is operated under the following typical, but only exemplary, data:
  • the exhaust gas flow (raw gases) of device 1 is 21,400 normal cubic meters per hour (h) with an oxygen content of 9.8% and an excess air ratio (lambda) of 1.83.
  • the exhaust gases (raw gases) contain - corrected for dry air and converted to a 17% oxygen content - 8 mg / m 3 volatile organic compounds (VOC), 14 mg / m 3 carbon monoxide (CO) and 29 mg / m 3 nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ).
  • a slot 34 is located between the inside of the tube 25a and one that closes the tube 25a at the burner base Heat shield 36 available.
  • the slot height results from the grain size of the material which sporadically enters the tube 25a plus a tolerance and is approximately 60 mm. Larger material particles cannot get into the pipe 25a due to the axial position of the firing and pre-drums 11 and 9 .
  • the material particles within the tube 25a are moved towards the slot 34 due to its rotation, gravity and the inclination of the tube axis 23b , then fall through a channel 38 between a fixed firing drum end wall 40a and a reinforcing inner tube 25a rotating with the firing drum 11 , Pipe reinforcement 40b running perpendicular to the pipe axis (heat shield 36 and firing drum end wall 40a do not rotate).
  • the channel 38 opens into the material outlet 7 .
  • there is a negative pressure in the burner chamber 42 with respect to the surroundings virtually no dust that hinders the combustion of the burner flame 5 penetrates from the material outlet 7 .
  • a seal which allows the material particles to pass through but blocks dust can thus be dispensed with in the channel 38 .
  • continuous blades can also be used.
  • the spreading vanes can also be arranged analogously.
  • the variant of a firing drum 39 shown in FIG. 3 can also be used.
  • longitudinal blades 43a and 43b are arranged on the inner as well as on the outer tube 41a and 41b .
  • the firing drum 39 shows poorer material mixing and a more uneven heating of the material compared to the firing drum 11 .
  • This firing drum 39 is also more complex to manufacture.
  • the inner tube 41a cannot be installed and removed as easily as in the burning drum 11 described above.
  • a holder as indicated in the cross section outlined in FIG. 7 , can also be used.
  • the ring 24 is dispensed with in this tube holder.
  • the supports 45 which are now used are mushroom-shaped, the top of the mushroom cap 47 being adapted to the curvature of the outer wall of the inner tube 25a .
  • the column foot is welded to the inside of the outer tube 25b .
  • Six supports 45 are preferably arranged over the tube circumference. A row of supports is arranged in the middle of the pipe and one in the area of the free pipe end.
  • the outer wall of the inner tube 25a lies with a clearance fit on the top of the mushroom hats 47 of the supports 45 , as a result of which, as already explained above, the inner tube 25a can be easily installed and removed.
  • these punctiform support locations result in the inner tube being braced in relation to the outer tube, but this does not interfere any further and does not pose any strength problems either; ie the ideal cylindrical shape mainly of the inner tube is transformed into a "polished" hexagon.

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé pour le séchage et/ou le chauffage d'un matériau coulant (2), en vue de la production d'asphalte dans une installation (1) présentant un tambour d'amont (9) et un tambour de combustion (11 ; 39) mené en rotation et muni d'un ensemble de pales (33a, 33b ; 43a, 43b), ainsi qu'une flamme (5) de brûleur brûlant approximativement dans l'axe (23b) du tambour de combustion, procédé dans lequel
    le matériau (2) est transporté, dans la région de la flamme, sur une enveloppe fermée d'un tube intérieur (25a) entourant ladite flamme, de telle sorte qu'aucune poussière de matériau ne s'insinue dans la chambre de combustion (42) de la flamme (5) du brûleur,
    un courant d'air primaire (63) entourant une admission (65) de combustible, et un courant d'air secondaire (64) coaxial au courant d'air primaire, sont introduits dans la chambre de combustion (42) avec un réglage tel que
    le diamètre de la flamme soit réglé, dans le tambour de combustion (11, 39, 51), à entre 30 % et 85 %, de préférence entre 50 % et 67 % du diamètre interne du tambour, et
    soit réduit à l'extrémité libre du tambour de combustion, de préférence après 80 % jusqu'à 90 % de la longueur du tambour de combustion, vis-à-vis du diamètre de la flamme au centre du tambour de combustion, de telle sorte
    qu'une réintroduction et/ou un tourbillonnement des gaz de combustion s'opère, dans les régions marginales de la flamme, en vue d'une réduction de substances nocives dans les gaz de combustion.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que des gaz affectés par des substances nocives, en particulier des vapeurs renfermant des liants de production d'asphalte, ce qu'on appelle de la "blue smoke", sont ajoutés à l'air comburant (51) nécessaire à la flamme (5).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que de l'air frais, affecté par des substances nocives, est introduit en tant qu'air d'admission (52).
  4. Installation (1) de mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, pour le séchage et/ou le chauffage d'un matériau coulant (2) en vue de la production d'asphalte, présentant un tambour d'amont (9) et un tambour rotatif de combustion (11, 39) muni d'un ensemble de pales (33a, 33b, 43a, 43b) assignées au matériau devant être séché et brassé, comportant un premier tube (25a ; 41a) de forme cylindrique, agencé coaxialement à l'axe (23b) du tambour de combustion, entourant radialement et axialement la flamme (5) du brûleur, tournant conjointement au tambour de combustion,
    dont la paroi interne est de réalisation lisse et dépourvue de structures intégrées dans la région de la flamme, et retenu centralement dans un second tube extérieur (25b), uniquement par contact à plat, et avec présence de jeu à l'état froid.
  5. Installation (1) selon la revendication 4, caractérisée par le fait que le premier tube (25a) est verrouillé à demeure, en mode mécanique, uniquement dans sa région extrême voisine de la base de la flamme du dispositif à brûleur (13).
  6. Installation (1) selon la revendication 5, caractérisée par le fait que le premier tube (25a) prend appui radialement, avec présence de jeu, par des montants (45) qui se trouvent entre les premier et second tubes (25a, 25b) et sont fixés, de préférence, à la paroi interne du second tube (25b) de telle sorte que, du fait d'une configuration simple, le premier tube (25a) puisse être produit le plus économiquement possible, et puisse être démonté et monté le plus simplement possible.
  7. Installation (1) selon l'une des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisée par le fait que l'extrémité du tambour de combustion, voisine du dispositif à brûleur (13) et recouverte par des éléments (12) de blindage thermique, présente au voisinage de la paroi interne du premier tube (25a), à côté d'un orifice d'entrée de la flamme (5) du brûleur, une fente (34) choisie d'une dimension telle que du matériau projeté, provenant du tambour d'amont (9) et pénétrant sporadiquement dans le premier tube (25a) du tambour de combustion (11), puisse sortir de nouveau.
  8. Installation (1) selon l'une des revendications 4 à 7, caractérisée par des éléments de transfert (8) disposés à l'extrémité du tambour d'amont (9) qui est voisine du tambour de combustion (11), et inclinés par rapport à l'axe (23a) du tambour d'amont, afin de guider intégralement et avec effet d'accélération, vers l'enveloppe externe du premier tube (25a), le matériau (2) retombant à travers les gaz de flamme, dans le tambour d'amont (9), sous la forme d'un rideau de matériau.
  9. Installation (1) selon l'une des revendications 4 à 8, caractérisée par le fait que le tube (25a, 41a) entourant directement la flamme (5) du brûleur, et l'ensemble de pales (43a) dudit tube, sont réalisés en un alliage d'acier présentant des épaisseurs de parois uniquement nécessaires à la stabilité statique et à la résistance à l'abrasion par le matériau, en vue d'obtenir une faible capacité thermique du tube (25a, 41a) et de l'ensemble de pales (43a).
  10. Installation selon l'une des revendications 4 à 9, caractérisée par le fait que le premier tube (25a) est rétréci tronconiquement vers l'intérieur dans sa région extrême (21) tournée à l'opposé du dispositif à brûleur (13), en commençant de préférence à entre 80 % et 90 % de la longueur dudit tube et, de préférence, jusqu'à 90 % du diamètre interne initial.
EP93120770A 1993-05-18 1993-12-23 Procédé et installation pour le séchage, et/ou le chauffage de matériaux pouvant s'écouler Expired - Lifetime EP0600525B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1500/93 1993-05-18
CH150093 1993-05-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0600525A2 EP0600525A2 (fr) 1994-06-08
EP0600525A3 EP0600525A3 (fr) 1994-08-31
EP0600525B1 true EP0600525B1 (fr) 1998-02-04

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93120770A Expired - Lifetime EP0600525B1 (fr) 1993-05-18 1993-12-23 Procédé et installation pour le séchage, et/ou le chauffage de matériaux pouvant s'écouler

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0600525B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE163083T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE9319897U1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103388964B (zh) * 2013-07-19 2014-12-10 溧阳市科华机械制造有限公司 一种切屑烘干炉
DE102013224910A1 (de) 2013-12-04 2015-06-11 Benninghoven GmbH & Co. KG Mülheim Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erwärmen von Altasphalt-Granulat zur Herstellung von Asphalt
CN114523126A (zh) * 2022-01-11 2022-05-24 陈良泉 一种金属增材制造用粉末预热设备

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2421345A (en) * 1944-11-04 1947-05-27 Kenneth E Mcconnaughay Mixer
FR2441682A1 (fr) * 1978-11-17 1980-06-13 Creusot Loire Dispositif pour la preparation de produits enrobes bitumineux pour revetements routiers
DE2936341C2 (de) * 1979-09-08 1985-08-14 Alfelder Eisenwerke Carl Heise KG vorm. Otto Wesselmann & Cie., 3220 Alfeld Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufbereiten von bituminösem Mischgut
DE2949479A1 (de) * 1979-12-08 1981-06-11 Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren zum trocknen und kalzinieren von schuettguetern
US4802139A (en) * 1987-08-21 1989-01-31 Taisei Road Construction Co., Ltd. Apparatus for producing a heated reproduction asphalt mixture
DE3815104A1 (de) * 1988-05-04 1989-11-09 Deutag Mischwerke Gmbh Drehofen zum trocknen und/oder mischen von rieselfaehigem material

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Publication number Publication date
EP0600525A3 (fr) 1994-08-31
EP0600525A2 (fr) 1994-06-08
ATE163083T1 (de) 1998-02-15
DE9319897U1 (de) 1994-03-31
DE59308110D1 (de) 1998-03-12

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