EP0595971B1 - Bouclier de percement a lames individuelles ou a enveloppe fermee - Google Patents

Bouclier de percement a lames individuelles ou a enveloppe fermee Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0595971B1
EP0595971B1 EP92916282A EP92916282A EP0595971B1 EP 0595971 B1 EP0595971 B1 EP 0595971B1 EP 92916282 A EP92916282 A EP 92916282A EP 92916282 A EP92916282 A EP 92916282A EP 0595971 B1 EP0595971 B1 EP 0595971B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shield
tongues
tail
cutter
driving
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92916282A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0595971A1 (fr
Inventor
Heinz-Theo Dipl.-Ing. Walbröhl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WALBROEHL H T DIPL ING
Original Assignee
WALBROEHL H T DIPL ING
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Application filed by WALBROEHL H T DIPL ING filed Critical WALBROEHL H T DIPL ING
Publication of EP0595971A1 publication Critical patent/EP0595971A1/fr
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Publication of EP0595971B1 publication Critical patent/EP0595971B1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/0692—Cutter drive shields

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tunneling shield formed from a knife shield with individual knives or a closed shield casing as described in claim 1.
  • the knife tails or the shield tail serve as external formwork for the in-situ concrete expansion and at the same time for supporting the ground.
  • a hollow space is created over the entire outer circumference of the inserted concrete, which, when viewed in relation to the mountains or the ground, corresponds to the profile cross section of the knife tail or the shield tail.
  • the cavity created in this way must be filled in simultaneously with the advance of the knives or the shield casing. So far, the cavity has been blown with a granulate or pressed with a plastic filling material.
  • pipes are led to the free ends of the knife tails or the shield tail, which introduce the granules or the plastic filling material into the cavity.
  • Such a device or such a method is known from EP-A-0 339 333.
  • the cross-sectional height of the knife tails or the tail of the shield must be made correspondingly large in order to be able to reduce the mountain pressure.
  • the removal takes place in the direction of advance along the long side of the knife tails or the shield tail. This enlarges the cavity to be filled even more.
  • the cavity created by the knife tail can be automatically filled when concreting a concreting section, leaving only a very small cavity formed by the cover plates.
  • this cavity is extremely small due to the low cross-sectional height of the cover plate or the thickness of the cover plate.
  • the rock pressure in the end area of the knife tails or the shield tail is no longer removed in the direction of advance but transversely to it.
  • the reversal of the carrying direction is achieved in that the lateral protrusions of the cover plate are supported during driving on the adjacent concreting sections of an overall concreting section.
  • the removal of the rock pressure in the end region of the knife tails or the shield tail thus takes place over the short side of the cover plate, ie transversely to the longitudinal direction of the tongues of the knife tail or the shield tail tongues of the shield tail.
  • the cover plate preferably extends over the entire surface of the knife tail or the shield tail tongues facing the ground or mountains.
  • a knife tail can thus be provided separately with a continuous cover plate.
  • cover plate over the entire surface of the knife or the shield casing facing the ground or mountains.
  • this results in a cover which extends in the longitudinal direction of the knife over its entire length.
  • a cover plate designed in this way then presents itself practically as an outer cylinder tube of the shield jacket.
  • the cover plate advantageously extends beyond the lateral terminations, ie the cross-sectional width of the entire knife, and thus forms lateral projections of the cover plate that extend beyond the cross-sectional width of the knife are also cantilevered.
  • the tightness of a jacking shield formed from a knife shield with individual knives can be achieved by the lateral protrusions of the cover plate without the knife bodies having to lie close to one another, which could impede or even make impossible to corner.
  • the dimensions of the lateral projections of the cover plate are expediently the same.
  • the individual knives can be used at any point on the support frame or exchanged with one another.
  • the lateral areas or protrusions of the cover plates of knives arranged next to one another are preferably designed to overlap with one another in the area of the front knife part and in the area of the knife tail up to the area of the free ends of the tongues.
  • the desired tightness of a tunneling shield consisting of a knife shield with individual knives is achieved by the overlap.
  • the lateral areas of the cover plates of juxtaposed knives are expediently designed to be spaced apart from one another in the area outside the free cover plate section adjoining the tongues.
  • the overlapping of the lateral areas of the cover plates or the lateral protrusions can thus be dispensed with in the aforementioned area.
  • this free area is then concreted, whereby the concrete in this area is then directly connected to the mountains or soil.
  • the spacing of the cover plates in the aforementioned area is advantageously achieved by a step-like incision in the lateral areas of the cover plates or by a taper that runs counter to the direction of advance the cross-sectional width of the cover plates reached.
  • a taper is advantageous because the propulsion of the knife is facilitated by such a configuration.
  • the lateral protrusions of the cover plate in the area of the knife tail are preferably arranged so as to be superimposed on the adjacent concreting sections of an overall concreting section when creating a concreting section.
  • the carrying direction is thus reversed via the short side of the cover plate, which is why the tongues do not have to be guided to the end of the cover plate, but the free cover plate section can remove the rock pressure without support.
  • the length of the tongues or the shield tail tongues and the length of the cover plate section adjoining the free ends of the tongues or the shield tail tongues is greater than the length of a concreting section.
  • the concreting section to be created can thus be spanned by part of the tongues and the cover plate section.
  • part of the free cover plate section adjoining the tongues or the shield tail tongues advantageously lies in the area of the penultimate, already created concreting section, while on the other hand a part of the tongues or shield tail tongues rests on the last, already created concreting section rests and the remaining part of the tongues or the shield tail tongues protrudes into the concreting section to be created.
  • this provides support for the trailing knife or the shield tail tongues in the direction of advance.
  • the cavity which results after the knives or the shield casing have advanced can also be filled in when the concreting section is created. Securing the mountains or the ground in the area of the cavity is essentially taken from the cover plate section.
  • rib-like cavities have been formed by the tongues or shield tail tongues, which are also filled in and thus result in a toothing of the concreting sections arranged one behind the other in the direction of advance.
  • the knife tail or the shield tail seen in the direction of advance, between its connection to a front knife part or the front shield casing and the end region which is formed by the tongues or shield tail tongues and the adjoining free cover plate section, consists of a continuous cross section Body that is located in the so-called initial area of the knife tail or the shield tail.
  • the continuous body provided in the initial area provides the necessary section modulus of the knife tail or the shield tail in the direction of advance, since in this area the rock pressure is removed in the longitudinal direction of the knife tail or the shield tail and no longer, as in the end area, removal in the transverse direction of the tongues or Shield tail tongues.
  • the cross-sectional width of the knife tail in the connection area to the front knife part expediently corresponds to its cross-sectional width. This ensures a continuous transition between the front knife part and the knife tail.
  • the knife tail or the shield tail is preferably designed to taper in its cross-sectional width towards its free end, as seen against the direction of the breakout. This facilitates the advance of the knives or the shield tail.
  • the knife or the shield tail are expediently in the area of the shield tail tongues with respect to their respective Longitudinal axes, ie symmetrical in the direction of advance.
  • the blades of a jacking blade consisting of a blade shield with individual blades can be arranged at any point on the support frame or exchanged with one another.
  • the distance between the tongues or the shield tail tongues essentially corresponds to the cross-sectional width of the tongues or the shield tail tongues.
  • the cross section of the knife tail or the shield tail is preferably tapered in its initial region as well as in its region of the tongues or the shield tails, as seen from the mountains or the bottom to the center of the outbreak.
  • a facilitated movement towards the mountains or the ground can result if necessary.
  • the proposed design makes it possible to make the cross-sectional height of the knife tail or the shield tail, as seen from the mountains or the bottom to the center of the outbreak, smaller than that of the front knife part or the front shield casing.
  • the cross-sectional height of the knife tail or the shield tail is expediently constant.
  • the starting area of the knife tail or shield tail advantageously consists of at least two spaced-apart box profiles which are connected to one another via upper and lower additional surfaces to form a larger, closed box profile forming the starting area of the knife tail or shield tail. Consequently, simply designed box profiles can be used be that can be connected to each other via the additional areas to a larger box profile.
  • the tongues or shield tail tongues then expediently consist of an extension of the spaced-apart box profiles of the starting area.
  • the tongues or shield tail tongues do not have to be connected as separate profiles to the starting area of the knife tail or shield tail.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a knife 2 of a jacking plate formed from a knife shield from individual knives in the advanced position before the creation of a concreting section 12 shown in FIG. 2, which adjoins the concreting section 14 in front of it connects.
  • the knife 2 consists of a front knife part 16 and a knife tail 4.
  • the front knife part 16 is mounted on two support frames 24.
  • the knife tail 4 is supported on the concreting section 14 and, with the end of the knife tail, still engages over the concreting section 26 lying in front of the concreting section 14.
  • a cover plate 10 extends over the entire longitudinal direction of the knife 2.
  • the knife tail has a body 18 forming a closed box below the cover plate 10, as seen at the center of the cut-out, and two tongues 8 adjoining the body 18.
  • the area between the connection of the knife tail 4 to the front knife part 16 and the beginning of the tongues 8 is referred to as the initial region 20 of the knife tail 4.
  • the area from the connection of the tongues 8 to the body 18 to the free end of the cover plate 10 is referred to as the end area 6 of the knife tail 4.
  • the cover plate 10 projects beyond the lateral ends, ie the cross-sectional width of the front knife part 16 and the knife tail 4 on both sides.
  • the side terminations of the cover plate 10 are designed to overlap in the initial region 20 and in the region of the tongues 8.
  • the spacing of the cover plates 10 can be achieved by step-like incisions in the lateral areas of the cover plates 10 or by a tapering of the cross-sectional width of the cover plates 10 that runs counter to the direction of advance, which is not shown in FIG. 3 for reasons of simplification.
  • the body 18 is formed from two spaced-apart box profiles 22 (FIG. 4) which are connected to one another via additional plates, not shown, to form a closed box forming the body 18. 4 and 5 it can also be seen that the overlapping of the lateral areas of the cover plates 10 of adjacent knives takes place by bending one of the two lateral areas.
  • the tongues 8 preferably consist of an extension of the box profiles 22, the additional plates then being omitted in order to maintain the desired free space between the tongues 8.
  • the cross sections of different parts are tapered. From Fig. 3 it can be seen that the body 18 and the tongues 8 are tapered in their cross-sectional width towards the free end of the tongues 8. Likewise, it can be seen from FIGS. 4 and 5 that the cross sections of the body 18 and the tongues 8, as viewed in the direction of the center of the outbreak, also taper.
  • cover plate 10 can also taper in the area of the cover plate section 28 towards the free end of the cover plate 10, however, there must always be a lateral projection of the cover plate 10 over the lateral ends of the tongues 8 so that the cover plate 10 can adhere to the adjacent concreting sections as desired can support, thus causing a reversal of the load-bearing effect.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

Dans un bouclier de percement à lames individuelles à enveloppe fermée, les queues (4) des lames ou la queue du bouclier servent de coffrage extérieur du second ÷uvre en béton coulé sur place. Les queues (4) des lames ou la queue du bouclier créent toutefois des cavités (30) qui doivent être remplies afin d'éviter des affaissements. Afin de pouvoir remplir immédiatement ces cavités (30) en même temps que l'on produit une section de bétonnage, la zone terminale (6) de chaque queue (4) de lame est formée par au moins une languette (8) ou la zone terminale de la queue du bouclier est formée par plusieurs languettes, alors qu'une plaque de recouvrement (10) est montée sur la face supérieure des languettes (8) ou des languettes de la queue du bouclier tournée vers le sol ou vers les rochers. Cette plaque de couverture (10) s'étend dans le sens de sa longueur au-delà de l'extrémité libre des languettes (8) des queues des lames ou du bouclier et dans le sens de sa largeur au-delà des arêtes latérales de la queue (4) de lame.

Claims (10)

  1. Bouclier de percement constitué d'un bouclier à lames, équipé de lames (2) individuelles ou d'une enveloppe de bouclier fermée, dans lequel les queues de lames (4) ou la queue du bouclier, servent de coffrage extérieur pour second oeuvre en béton coulé sur place, la zone d'extrémité (6) de chaque queue de lame (4) étant constituée d'au moins d'une languette (8) ou la zone d'extrémité de la queue de bouclier étant constituée de plusieurs queues de bouclier, caractérisé en ce que, sur la face supérieure, tournée vers le sol ou le terrain, des languettes (8) ou des queues de bouclier, est disposée une plaque de recouvrement (10) qui s'étend dans le sens de la longueur au-delà l'extrémité libre des languettes (8) ou des queues de bouclier, et dans le sens de la largeur sur les terminaisons latérales de la queue de lame (4).
  2. Bouclier de percement selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la plaque de recouvrement (10) s'étend sur toute la surface, tournée vers le sol ou le terrain, de la queue de lame (4) ou des queues de bouclier ou de celles de la lame (2) ou de l'enveloppe de bouclier.
  3. Bouclier de percement selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la plaque de recouvrement (10) s'étend au-delà les terminaisons latérales, c'est-à-dire sur la largeur de section transversale de la totalité de la lame (2).
  4. Bouclier de percement selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les zones latérales des plaques de recouvrement (10) de lames (2) disposées les unes à côté des autres, sont réalisées en se recouvrant dans la zone de la partie avant de lame (16), ainsi que dans la zone de la queue de lame (4), jusque dans la zone des extrémités libres des languettes (8).
  5. Bouclier de percement selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les zones latérales des plaques de recouvrement (10) de lames (2) disposées les unes à côté des autres sont réalisées en étant espacées les unes des autres, dans la zone se trouvant hors du tronçon de plaque de recouvrement (28) libre se raccordant aux languettes (9).
  6. Bouclier de percement selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'espacement entre les plaques de recouvrement (10) est réalisé par une entaille en forme de gradin, ménagée dans les zones latérales des plaques de recouvrement (10), ou par un effilement, s'étendant à l'encontre de la direction de percement, de la largeur du tronçon transversal des plaques de recouvrement (10).
  7. Bouclier de percement selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel les porte-à-faux latéraux de la plaque de recouvrement (10) dans la zone de la queue de lame (4), lors de la constitution d'un tronçon de bétonnage (12), sont disposés en appui sur les tronçons de bétonnage voisins d'un tronçon de bétonnage global.
  8. Bouclier de percement selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel, lorsque l'on observe dans la direction du percement, la longueur des languettes (8) ou des queues de bouclier, et la longueur du tronçon de plaque de recouvrement (28) se raccordant aux extrémités libres des languettes (8) ou des queues de bouclier, est supérieure à la longueur d'un tronçon de bétonnage.
  9. Bouclier de percement selon la revendication 1, dans lequel, lors d'un tronçon de bétonnage (12), d'une part une partie du tronçon de plaque de recouvrement (28) libre, se raccordant aux languettes (8) ou aux queues de bouclier, repose dans la zone de l'avant dernier tronçon de bétonnage (26) déjà réalisé, d'autre part une partie des languettes (8) ou des queues de bouclier repose sur le dernier tronçon de bétonnage (14), déjà réalisé, et la partie restante des languettes (8) ou des queues de bouclier pénétrant, dans la direction du percement, dans le tronçon de bétonnage (12) à réaliser.
  10. Bouclier de percement selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la zone initiale (20) de la queue de lame (4) ou de la queue de bouclier est constituée d'au moins deux profilés en caisson (22) espacés l'un de l'autre, qui sont reliés ensemble, par l'intermédiaire de surfaces additionnelles supérieure et inférieure, pour constituer un profilé en caisson fermé, de grande taille, formant la zone initiale (20) de la queue de lame (4), ou de la queue de bouclier, les languettes (8) ou les queues de bouclier étant constituées d'un prolongement des profilés en caisson (22), espacés les uns des autres, de la zone initiale (20).
EP92916282A 1991-07-23 1992-07-22 Bouclier de percement a lames individuelles ou a enveloppe fermee Expired - Lifetime EP0595971B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4124420 1991-07-23
DE4124420A DE4124420A1 (de) 1991-07-23 1991-07-23 Aus einem vortriebsschild mit einzelnen messern oder einem geschlossenen schildmantel gebildeter vortriebsschild
PCT/EP1992/001678 WO1993002276A1 (fr) 1991-07-23 1992-07-22 Bouclier de percement a lames individuelles ou a enveloppe fermee

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0595971A1 EP0595971A1 (fr) 1994-05-11
EP0595971B1 true EP0595971B1 (fr) 1996-10-23

Family

ID=6436846

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92916282A Expired - Lifetime EP0595971B1 (fr) 1991-07-23 1992-07-22 Bouclier de percement a lames individuelles ou a enveloppe fermee

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0595971B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4124420A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2094921T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1993002276A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2555524C2 (de) * 1975-12-10 1983-12-15 Gewerkschaft Eisenhütte Westfalia, 4670 Lünen Vortriebsmesser für einen Verbauschild
DE3813907A1 (de) * 1988-04-25 1989-11-02 Walbroehl H T Verfahren und vorrichtung zum ausbrechen und fertigausbauen von stollen, tunneln, schaechten od. dgl.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0595971A1 (fr) 1994-05-11
DE59207439D1 (de) 1996-11-28
ES2094921T3 (es) 1997-02-01
DE4124420A1 (de) 1993-01-28
WO1993002276A1 (fr) 1993-02-04

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