EP0594809A1 - Antenne radio situee a proximite des vitres d'un vehicule. - Google Patents

Antenne radio situee a proximite des vitres d'un vehicule.

Info

Publication number
EP0594809A1
EP0594809A1 EP93908820A EP93908820A EP0594809A1 EP 0594809 A1 EP0594809 A1 EP 0594809A1 EP 93908820 A EP93908820 A EP 93908820A EP 93908820 A EP93908820 A EP 93908820A EP 0594809 A1 EP0594809 A1 EP 0594809A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
arrangement according
antenna arrangement
radio
pane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93908820A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0594809B1 (fr
Inventor
Heinz Lindenmeier
Jochen Hopf
Leopold Reiter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fuba Automotive GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Hans Kolbe and Co
Fuba Hans Kolbe and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hans Kolbe and Co, Fuba Hans Kolbe and Co filed Critical Hans Kolbe and Co
Publication of EP0594809A1 publication Critical patent/EP0594809A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0594809B1 publication Critical patent/EP0594809B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
    • H01Q1/3275—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle mounted on a horizontal surface of the vehicle, e.g. on roof, hood, trunk
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1271—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1271—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens
    • H01Q1/1278—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens in association with heating wires or layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1271—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens
    • H01Q1/1285—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens with capacitive feeding through the windscreen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
    • H01Q1/3283—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle side-mounted antennas, e.g. bumper-mounted, door-mounted

Definitions

  • Radio antennas e.g. for C-network or D-network mobile phones, are often mounted as rod-shaped or other shaped antennas near the rear roof edge because of the good antenna function, or glued to the rear window as an adhesive antenna. In any case, the antennas protrude from the outside of the vehicle and are therefore, in contrast, e.g. to disc antennas, referred to as external antennas.
  • the antennas are typically loaded up to 25 W in the case of transmission. Because of the simple mounting option, antennas that are glued onto the rear window and that capacitively couple the antenna signal through the window are particularly advantageous. Such an antenna arrangement, which is glued to the rear window of the vehicle, is e.g. known from P 39 31 807 AI.
  • the electromagnetic radiation i.e. the electrical and magnetic fields
  • the electromagnetic radiation reach into the vehicle interior through adjacent window openings.
  • this is primarily the rear window, but to a lesser extent other neighboring window openings, e.g. those of the rear side windows, for the Einkopphmg the fields into the vehicle interior.
  • heating conductors with busbars at the upper and lower edge of the pane are used orthogonally to the maximum pane dimension.
  • Panes with flat vapor-deposited metallic layers are also technically feasible today. With regard to the field configuration, such heated panes are then more favorable conditions for a shielding effect. Nevertheless, there is still no adequate shielding effect, since the earthing conditions of the disc heaters designed according to the prior art are undefined for the frequencies of the radio systems.
  • the field strengths that occur inside the vehicle are usually large.
  • the transmission powers typically used in mobile radio of up to 25 W there are already electrical and magnetic field strengths in antennas which are mounted on the outer skin of the roof near the rear roof edge which meet the limit values according to DIN 0848 in the head area the rear passengers reach or even exceed.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide an antenna arrangement with which the fields in the passenger compartment are significantly reduced, the performance of the external antenna with respect to radio operation being fully retained.
  • roof antennas as well as adhesive antennas can be used without problems with antenna arrangements according to the invention, since the field strengths occurring in the passenger compartment can be kept safely below the limit values of DIN draft 0848 at the maximum transmission powers that are common today .
  • the antennas according to the invention thus avoid the disadvantages of the prior art which endanger the safety of passengers.
  • the vehicle window which has the structure 4
  • Fig.l a) Antenna arrangement according to the prior art with an external antenna 1, which is mounted on the roof near the rear window edge and whose fields reach into the passenger compartment (section), b) Ditto with an adhesive antenna.
  • Fig.3 Antenna arrangement according to the invention according to Fig.2, top view.
  • Fig.4 Antenna arrangement according to the invention, shown in section, with an adhesive antenna and with a structure 4 which extends over the entire window opening.
  • Fig.5 Antenna arrangement according to the invention of Fig. 4, but in plan view. The
  • Structure 4 is designed as a grid and is designed in such a way that in the immediate vicinity of antenna base 10 there is a particularly high level of effectiveness with regard to the reduction of the fields inside the vehicle.
  • Fig.6 Antenna arrangement according to the invention, shown in Schmtt, with an adhesive antenna and with a structure 4, which covers only part of the window opening.
  • the heating field 20 extends for the most part in the remaining area.
  • the structure 4 is connected to the body 3 via a wire connection 11, the inductance of which is compensated by the capacitance 12.
  • Fig.7 Antenna arrangement according to the invention according to Fig.6, but in plan view.
  • Fig. 9 Antenna arrangement according to the invention, shown in section, with an adhesive antenna with a dipole character, which is fed coaxially from below and with a structure 4, which is conductively connected to the body only along a pane edge.
  • the heating field 20 is arranged in the lower region of the pane.
  • Fig.10 Antenna arrangement according to the invention according to Fig.9, but in plan view.
  • the structure 4 is predominantly composed of radially arranged conductors.
  • the external antenna 1 is an antenna which is mounted on the rear roof edge of the vehicle and is mounted in the vicinity of the window opening closed by the window 2.
  • the external antenna 1 is an antenna
  • the antenna base 10 is attached to the outside of the vehicle window 2; this is usually done by gluing, which is why one speaks of adhesive antennas.
  • the signal connection between antenna 1 and radio device 23 takes place, as usual, via a coaxial line 18.
  • the outer conductor of the coaxial line 18 is, as usual, electrically conductively connected to the body 3 near the antenna base .
  • the outer conductor of the coaxial line 15 in the vicinity of the antenna base 10 is electrically conductively connected to the body.
  • some of the electric field lines 17 and thus also some of the magnetic field lines pass through openings in the body, e.g. through the window openings into the passenger compartment and close against the metallic body 3 in the interior. Persons who are in the area of the fields are thereby exposed to electromagnetic energy.
  • the electrical connection of the outer conductor of the coaxial cable 18 to the metallic body 3 in the vicinity of the antenna base 10 is even dispensed with because of the simpler assembly.
  • jacket waves can then propagate on the coaxial cable 18, which can cause high field concentrations in the interior even at a greater distance from the antenna base.
  • antennas with additional conductors arranged as "radiais" on the pane do not result in any improvement with regard to the undesired field strengths in the vehicle interior.
  • Fig. Lb part of the rear window, as is common today, is covered with a heating field 20.
  • the heated area is arranged in the lower area of the pane 2 and is smaller than the entire pane opening, so that the adhesive antenna 1 can be mounted above the heating field in free space.
  • the heating conductors of the heating field are not electrically connected to the body 3 in a low-resistance manner for frequencies of the radio service, since the wires 24 leading the direct current are only connected to the body ground or to the positive connection of the battery at a greater distance.
  • the laying and the length of the wires 24 supplying the direct current are designed according to the prior art under vehicle-specific aspects and not with regard to the electrical effect for the frequencies of the radio service.
  • FIG. 2 shows such an antenna arrangement in section
  • FIG. 3 in a top view for the example of an external antenna 1 mounted on the rear roof edge.
  • the pane 2 is now provided with a two-dimensional, that is to say flat structure 4 made of conductive material with a low surface resistance in the frequency range of the radio service.
  • a total surface resistance must be effective for the frequency range of the radio service through the structure 4, which surface resistance is significantly lower than the field wave resistance of the free space.
  • the structure 4 is suitable for shielding act and can effectively prevent electrical and magnetic fields generated by the external antenna 1 from penetrating into the vehicle interior.
  • structure 4 can e.g. be vapor-deposited in the form of a coating. These metallic layers are vapor-deposited very thinly, as a result of which the transparency for light is retained and, at the same time, the required low-impedance for the radio frequencies is achieved.
  • a very thin layer is sufficient, which in turn is suitable for direct currents, e.g. would be too high-resistance for the purposes of a window heating.
  • the required low impedance for direct currents can in turn be set by printed conductors.
  • At least one edge of the structure 4 must have a low-resistance connection to the metallic body 3.
  • this is the case on all four edges of structure 4, which results in the advantage of a particularly high effectiveness in the sense of the invention.
  • the pane 2 is inserted into the body 3 in the manner customary today and mechanically connected to the body by means of the pane adhesive 13, which is applied as a bead of adhesive parallel to the outer pane edge.
  • the electrically low-resistance connection for the frequencies of the radio service can then in many cases be particularly simple and therefore advantageous, as assumed in the example of FIGS. 2 and 3, via the flat opposite edges of the body and the edges of the structure 4 via the adhesive bead respectively.
  • the required low resistance of the connection can ideally be achieved, for example, by means of a silver-containing and therefore highly conductive adhesive 13. This causes the structure 4 to be at the potential of the body.
  • the low-resistance connection to the body 3 can in principle take place in different ways in the antennas according to the invention.
  • the use of a conductive adhesive indicated above is ideal from an electrical point of view, but the high cost of such adhesives is disadvantageous. For design reasons, there is always an overlap zone of typically 1 to 2 cm width along the edge of the window between the vehicle window 2 and the body 3 in modern vehicles with windows glued in place.
  • the radio services for which the antenna arrangements according to the invention are preferably used are generally arranged at frequencies in the UHF range or higher, the capacity thus formed is sufficient to form a sufficiently low-resistance connection between the structure 4 and the body 3 safely out.
  • Disc adhesives currently used sometimes have low losses at high frequencies, while others have a high loss due to a high proportion of soot, so that in addition to the capacitive connection there is also a high ohmic conductivity. Even when such window adhesives are used, a low-resistance connection between the body and structure 4 is therefore reliably provided for the frequencies of the radio services.
  • the low-impedance connection between structure 4 and body 3 required for antenna arrangements according to the invention can also be made in a punctiform manner.
  • Fig. 6 shows this possibility in section and Fig. 7 in plan view.
  • the washer is inserted into the body with a rubber seal, as was previously the case.
  • a sufficiently low-resistance connection to the body 3 is therefore not always given in all cases because of the edges of the structure 4 and body 3 that are only opposite on the end face. If the connection is not low enough, which can be determined by measuring the impedance between the structure 4 and the body 3, then the low resistance connection can be ensured exclusively or by means of one or more wire bridges from the structure 4 to the body 3.
  • the low impedance of a wire bridge is not sufficient for the frequency ranges in which the radio systems under consideration are operated, that is to say essentially above about 400 MHz, since a wire bridge With a length of approx. 10 cm that is difficult to fall short of, this results in an inductive impedance of approx. 280 ohms in the frequency range of the C network.
  • the low-impedance for the frequencies of the radio service can then be restored by compensating the self-inductance of the wire by means of a capacitance 12 connected in series. In the example given, a capacitance of approximately 1.2 pF is required. In this way, there is an effective low-resistance connection between the connection points 25 on the structure 4 and 33 on the body.
  • connection point 25 on the structure 4 is preferably chosen where the greatest return currents flow to the antenna base point 10, because this gives the greatest advantageous effect electrically.
  • this is the axis of symmetry of the pane at the upper edge, that is to say in the immediate vicinity of the antenna base point 10.
  • the connection point 33 is preferably selected as close as possible to the connection point 25 on the body.
  • the electrical character of this connection is that of a series resonance.
  • connection point 25 The disadvantage of this version of the low-resistance connection using a wire bridge is the installation and contacting costs. Electrically equivalent and therefore equivalent in terms of function, the low-resistance connection between body 3 and structure 4 which is effective with regard to connection point 25 can also be achieved by means of a line transformation. This advantageously eliminates the assembly costs for the wire bridge.
  • FIG. 8 Such an embodiment according to the invention is shown in FIG. 8.
  • the line character results between the upper edge of the structure 4a and the opposing metallic body 3, the left and right sides of the structure 4a running empty.
  • the respective idling is transformed according to the length 36 or 37 into an impedance which takes effect between the structure 4a and the body 3 in the vertical line of symmetry 38 and which, with a suitably selected dimension 36 or 37, results in an AC short circuit with series resonance character.
  • the structure 4a and thus also the dimensions 36 and 37 for the region of the structure 4a lying on the left and for the right of the axis of symmetry 38 are advantageously of the same mirror image.
  • the total horizontal dimension of the structure 4 thus results in 27 as the sum of the dimensions 36 and 37.
  • the dimensions 36 and 37 are typically carried out for the fulfillment of this task in such a way that a lambda-quarter transformation or a transformation occurs corresponding similar characteristic (by an odd integer multiple of lambda quarters).
  • the exact required dimensions 36 and 37 are preferably determined by measuring the impedance between the structure 4 and the body on the axis of symmetry 38, since the fields of the line, via which the line transformation results, also partly in the glass of the pane 2 are present, resulting in an approximately shorter effective wavelength that deviates from the free space wavelength.
  • an antenna arrangement according to the invention is such that the electrical field lines, coming from the external antenna 1, end on the structure 4 and no longer penetrate into the interior, or are only weakened to a great extent. The same applies to the magnetic fields. In this way, the interior of the vehicle is largely free from the fields of the radio antenna.
  • the greatest effectiveness with the advantage of a particularly large reduction in the fields in the interior of the vehicle, naturally results in an antenna arrangement according to the invention if the structure 4 extends over the entire surface of the window opening. In practice, however, sufficient, because only slightly reduced, effectiveness can be achieved by the structure 4 extending over the particularly important areas of the pane.
  • the upper area of the panes is therefore very important, since the heads of the rear passengers can come very close to pane 2 there.
  • the lower area of the pane 2 is considerably further away from the body of the rear passengers. This is particularly true when the disc 2 is arranged relatively flat.
  • the effectiveness of the structure 4 is usually particularly great in the upper region of the pane and there again in the middle, even if the external antenna 1 is attached there in the middle on the pane 2 or in the vicinity on the body 3. For the same reasons, it is then possible to dispense with the structure 4 down to the lower region of the pane 2, without disadvantages relevant in practice, or it can at least be carried out in these regions with less technical effort.
  • FIG. 4 shows an antenna arrangement according to the invention for an adhesive antenna 1 in a sectional view, in which these aspects are taken into account.
  • Fig. 5 shows the same arrangement in the top view. 10 again designates the antenna base, that is also the area on the pane to which the adhesive antenna 1 is glued. In the case of antenna arrangements according to the invention, this mounting point 10 is preferably inside the area covered by the structure 4, since particularly high field concentrations occur again in the area of the base point 10 of the antenna 1.
  • the surface of the adhesive antenna 1 facing the pane, by means of which the mechanical connection to the pane is also established, is typically made of metal with such antennas such that a capacitively sufficiently low-resistance connection through the pane is given to a metallic counter surface 14 on the inside of the pane.
  • the inner conductor of a coaxial line 18, which establishes the signal connection to the radio, is connected to this counter surface 14.
  • the outer conductor of the coaxial line 18 is connected to the structure 4 in the vicinity of the counter surface 14. Because of the shielding effect of the structure 4, there are also no jacket waves on the coaxial line 18.
  • structure 4 again covers the entire pane surface, with the exception of the area in which the signal is coupled in from the coaxial line 15 to the adhesive antenna 1 through the pane.
  • the density of the printed conductors 7 is designed differently in different areas of the structure 4, namely with a high density in the upper area of the pane 2 and there again in the middle, in the lower area and there again at the edges, the conductor density is significantly lower .
  • the necessary size of the counter surface 14 and the surface at the base of the adhesive antenna 1 is known from commercially available antenna types and is typically 2 to 4 cm, e.g. the frequencies of the C or D network radio telephone are considered.
  • the signal feed to the adhesive antenna 1 for antenna arrangements according to the invention can also take place from the outside while maintaining the advantages, ie not only capacitively through the pane, as assumed in FIGS. 4 and 5. Because of the problematic cable routing then, this technique is hardly used in practice for adhesive antennas.
  • the two-dimensional, optically transparent structure 4 which is largely impervious to radio waves in the frequency range of the radio service, can be implemented in various ways.
  • the realization by wire-shaped conductors, which are applied in the screen printing process, is of particular interest in practice.
  • the mesh size may increase or the number of conductors may decrease at a greater distance from the antenna base 10, e.g. in the manner shown in FIG. 5, without the overall advantages of the invention being adversely affected thereby.
  • FIG. 10 Another advantageous embodiment of a structure 4 is shown in FIG. 10, in which the return currents to the antenna base point are effectively detected by conductors running in a star shape towards the antenna base point 10.
  • This structure 4a which is not very extensive in terms of area, considerably reduces the fields inside.
  • FIG. 8 shows a structure similar in area to that of FIG. 10, which essentially extends on the pane 2 in the vicinity of the antenna base point 10.
  • the effectiveness of a structure for achieving the object according to the invention decreases if the area covered by the structure 4 is made smaller.
  • the field strengths in the vicinity of the base point are greatest and quickly become smaller as the distance from them increases, comparatively small-area structures 4 are also able to significantly reduce the field strengths in the interior of the vehicle.
  • the required areal extension of structure 4 is therefore also dependent on the maximum transmission power used, since with small transmission powers only a slight reduction in the fields is required.
  • Antenna arrangements according to the invention relate to radio devices with at least average output power.
  • HF output powers are understood to be in the range above approximately 5 W, with which the field strengths in the passenger compartment exceed the limit values according to DIN draft 0848, at least in the interior, without an inventive design.
  • the area of the pane 2 covered by the structure 4 can of course be smaller than, for example, the maximum power of about 25 W used in the C network in the vehicle.
  • An antenna arrangement according to the invention for a power of approximately 5 W in combination with an antenna shape which produces pronounced fields in the vicinity of the base point 10 can be stated in relation to the dimensions of the structure 4 on the basis of measurements that the dimensions 36 and 37 and 35 (Fig. 8) must not be significantly less than about 1/4 of the mean operating wavelength in the frequency range of the radio service. At higher frequencies, at which the operating wavelength becomes very small, it is necessary not to make the dimensions smaller than about 10 cm in the case of the dimensions 27 and 35. 27 is the sum of the dimensions 36 and 37.
  • the window 2 there are usually other structures on the window 2, at least when it is the rear window of a vehicle, e.g. Heating fields 20 or structures 34 for radio receiving antennas.
  • 7, 8 and 10 show examples of antenna arrangements according to the invention in combination with heating fields 20.
  • the heating field 20 does not have the characteristic features of a structure 4 with regard to the design and the electrical circuitry in the frequency range of the radio service, e.g. is not connected to the body 3 with low resistance. Therefore, the electromagnetic fields that the radio antenna emits are not or only slightly weakened by the heating field 20.
  • the fields of the external antenna 1 are smaller than in the upper region of the pane and, in practice, the body parts hardly approach the lower part of the pane 7, it is often sufficient, according to FIG. 7, to arrange the structure 4 only in the upper region of the pane.
  • the low-resistance connection between the structure of the heating field 20 and the body 3 is e.g. reached again via the busbars 30 of the heating field 20 directly opposite the body panel and via the adhesive bead.
  • the heating field 20 simultaneously becomes the structure 4, partial area 4b, and thus fulfills the tasks according to the invention with regard to a reduction in the electromagnetic fields in the vehicle interior.
  • an adhesive with good dielectric but low ohmic conductivity is advantageous in this example.
  • the heating field 20 is also connected to the body in the area of the busbars with a low resistance and is therefore also part of the structure 4.
  • the heating field in the area of the window opening consists only of horizontal ones Conductors, the shielding effect is present, but not yet sufficient.
  • the shielding effect of the heating field 20 acting as structure 4 can, however, be improved by additional measures in terms of effectiveness in the sense of the invention.
  • three additional conductors 31, which are arranged almost vertically, are provided in the middle, which can conduct currents in the direction of the antenna base point 10 and which are arranged on the heating conductors on equipotential lines, so that no heating current flows in the transverse direction.
  • the effect is further improved by the interdigital structure 32, via which the structure 4b is capacitively coupled to the structure 4a.
  • antennas that have a low-impedance base impedance with respect to the base, such as lambda / 4, 5/8 lambda or 3/4 lambda radiators, which have a wireless impedance near the resistance of 50 ohms over conventional coaxial cables and their advantage in easy adaptation to the power cable.
  • the use of these antenna shapes goes hand in hand with large reverse currents on the base area. Depending on the electrical properties of the base area, that is to say on its surface impedance, there are therefore possible losses which undesirably reduce the efficiency of the external antenna 1.
  • the external antenna e.g. Arranged in the center of the roof of a vehicle, the body has a very low and low-loss surface impedance.
  • the external antenna 1 is mounted in the vicinity of a window opening formed by a vehicle window 2. If a structure 4 made of conductive material with a low surface resistance in the frequency range of the radio service is then completely or partially applied to the vehicle window 2, at least some of the currents flow back to the antenna base via parts of the structure 4.
  • the surface resistance of the structure has a low resistance compared to the field resistance of the free space, ie 377 ohms. A value that is at least 5 times lower in terms of amount can be considered sufficient to significantly reduce the fields in the interior, e.g. to reach 6 dB.
  • the surface impedance of the structure As conductive as possible, for example the metallic body. This requires, for example, a flat coating with a correspondingly high hen specific conductivity or a correspondingly high thickness, which may lead to an inadmissible decrease in optical transparency.
  • this structure 4 also takes on the function of a window heater, further requirements regarding the ohmic conductivity for direct current must be met.
  • the selection of a suitable type of coating therefore has an important role in antenna arrangements according to the invention, especially in the case of external antennas 1 with large base currents.
  • coatings with very different electrical properties are available today, there is no restriction on the applicability of antenna arrangements according to the invention.
  • the surface resistance can be changed via the spacing between the conductors.
  • the surface resistance for the frequencies of the radio service can be adjusted even within wide limits independently of the resistance for direct current (heating field), since the depth of penetration at extremely high frequencies is extremely small, whereas with direct current the entire cross section is current-driven is.
  • Such antenna shapes are characterized by a low current at the antenna base point, with the result that even low currents on an adjacent base area or structure 4 result. As a particular advantage, this does not result in any requirement for low resistance compared to 377 ohms that goes beyond the object of the invention.
  • Such antenna shapes are e.g. Lambda / 2 dipoles fed at the bottom, which, however, can only be adapted to conventional coaxial cables in a conventional manner.
  • the use of antennas coaxially fed through the base point according to P 4007 824.8 (FIG. 9), which are particularly suitable for adhesive antennas, is particularly advantageous for antenna arrangements according to the invention.
  • FIG. 11 shows an example of this.
  • structure 4 is made up of several areas.
  • the area 4a which extends in the immediate vicinity of the antenna base 10 is e.g. low-resistance connected to the body 3 at the upper edge of the structure 4a via the adhesive bead.
  • the heating field 20 is a component of structure 4, namely area 4b.
  • the structures 34 serve in a known manner as antenna elements for radio reception, e.g.
  • the antenna structures 34 become a component of the structure 4 by connecting them to the body with low impedance via wire bridges compensated for the frequencies of the radio service, which thereby have the character of series resonance circuits with a replacement inductance 28 and a capacitance 12 connected in series . Because of the very small value of the capacitance 12, lower frequencies, e.g. of the LMK and VHF radio area then only a negligible capacitive load on the structures 34, as a result of which the performance of the radio receiving antenna is not inadmissibly impaired.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

Un dispositif d'antenne radio pour véhicules à moteur comprend une antenne radio extérieure (1) et une vitre (2) située dans la carrosserie métallique (3) du véhicule. L'antenne radio extérieure (1) est montée à proximité de l'ouverture de montage de la vitre dans la carrosserie (3) ou sur la vitre (2) du véhicule. Une structure bidimensionnelle (4) en matériau conducteur, optiquement transparent mais opaque aux rayonnements électromagnétiques qui traversent l'ouverture de montage de la vitre, en ce qui concerne les ondes radio dans la plage de fréquences des émissions radiophoniques, est appliquée sur la vitre du véhicule à proximité de l'antenne radio extérieure (1). Dans la plage des fréquences des émissions radiophoniques, cette structure est reliée avec une basse impédance à la carrosserie métallique et ses dimensions sont sélectionnées de sorte que l'intérieur du véhicule soit suffisamment protégé contre les rayonnements électromagnétiques générés par l'antenne extérieure.
EP93908820A 1992-05-18 1993-04-27 Antenne radio situee a proximite des vitres d'un vehicule Expired - Lifetime EP0594809B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4216377 1992-05-18
DE4216377A DE4216377A1 (de) 1992-05-18 1992-05-18 Funkantennenanordnung in der Nähe von Fahrzeugfensterscheiben
PCT/DE1993/000369 WO1993023890A1 (fr) 1992-05-18 1993-04-27 Antenne radio situee a proximite des vitres d'un vehicule

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0594809A1 true EP0594809A1 (fr) 1994-05-04
EP0594809B1 EP0594809B1 (fr) 1997-07-09

Family

ID=6459145

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93908820A Expired - Lifetime EP0594809B1 (fr) 1992-05-18 1993-04-27 Antenne radio situee a proximite des vitres d'un vehicule

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5589839A (fr)
EP (1) EP0594809B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3342487B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE4216377A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2105245T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1993023890A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (39)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4318869C2 (de) * 1993-06-07 1997-01-16 Lindenmeier Heinz Funkantennen-Anordnung auf der Fensterscheibe eines Kraftfahrzeugs und Verfahren zur Ermittlung ihrer Beschaltung
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ES2105245T3 (es) 1997-10-16
DE59306872D1 (de) 1997-08-14
EP0594809B1 (fr) 1997-07-09
WO1993023890A1 (fr) 1993-11-25
DE4216377A1 (de) 1993-11-25
US5589839A (en) 1996-12-31
JPH07500466A (ja) 1995-01-12
JP3342487B2 (ja) 2002-11-11

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