Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
  • E01D15/00—Movable or portable bridges; Floating bridges
  • E01D15/24—Bridges or similar structures, based on land or on a fixed structure and designed to give access to ships or other floating structures

Definitions

• the invention relates to a loading and / or unloading device for ferry systems with a plurality of ramps for rail and road traffic which are arranged one above the other and can be controlled independently of one another and which, if necessary, are displaceable on the land side pivotably about horizontal axes and on the sea side for the purpose of loading and / or unloading can be guided into the respective working position by means of lifting devices, a substantial proportion of the weight of the ramp or ramps being able to be compensated for by counterweights.
• a method for loading and unloading a railway freight ferry located in a ferry basin as well as shore and ship side arrangement for carrying out the method is known.
• the ferry is equipped with several decks, each deck having a track arrangement.
• a multi-day loading ramp the individual ramps of which can be moved independently of one another into a loading and unloading position for the associated deck, is provided in order to be able to implement the respective loading or unloading process.
• the ferry is held in the ferry basin by means of a land-side fender arrangement, which is assigned to this deck and which can be shifted between a rest position and a working position, against displacement in the deck plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the ship.
• DE-OS 17 56338 shows a loading ramp, in particular for use in connection with an opening in the side wall of a ship, which is pivotally connected to a cross member which extends across the lower part of the opening and by means of an elec ⁇ tric motor is vertically adjustable, the ends of the carrier running in guides which are attached to the vertical sides of the opening.
• a switch which is operated by means of a sensor which detects the contact with a fixed support to which the ramp leads.
• Each end of the cross member is designed as a roller frame which is provided with wheels and runs in the guides.
• the ramp is constructed as a cantilever arm and is pivotally attached to the cross member by means of a series of joints. Except _ _
• the main part of the ramp's own weight is compensated for by counterweights that run up and down in the counterweight shafts in the pillars and are connected to the lifting crossbeams by means of special counterweight ropes that are guided in rope pulleys are. Since only a one-day ramp is provided here, which is coupled to the main deck of the ferry, the problems that arise with two- and multi-day ramps do not necessarily arise.
• the object of the invention is the further development of the loading and / or unloading device for ferry systems described in the generic part of the first claim to the effect that combined ro-ro traffic of rail and and road vehicles can be brought about, the loading and / or unloading device being able to be actuated by simple means.
• lifting towers are provided on both sides, approximately in the area of the free end of the ramp, on which the ramps can be raised and lowered, and that at least one hydraulic cylinder acting as a lifting element is provided in the area of the lifting towers.
• the one with the lower ramp and the other is connected to components of the associated lifting tower, and that at least the further ramp provided above the lower ramp, which is smaller in width, is displaced relative to the lifting towers via a corresponding suspension.
• the lower ramp is at least partially provided with rails, while the following ramp is intended exclusively for road traffic.
• the lower ramp is supported on the land side on longitudinally displaceable rotary bearings and is held in the lifting towers on the sea side.
• the dead weight of the ramp or ramps is absorbed by the stern of the ship through counterweights on the lifting towers except for a relatively low residual force at the support points on the flap edge on the ship's side.
• the loads including loads from the ship's hatch and traffic loads are absorbed by the lifting cylinders.
• the associated ramp is supported at the support points on the stern of the ship.
• the bearing pressures are monitored by load cells.
• the horizontal guiding and centering of the ramp on the ship intended for rail traffic on the ship transversely to the ramp axis is carried out by the link arranged on the ship's end cross member.
• Two counterweights are provided, which are suspended from the lifting towers by ropes.
• the rope guide is low-friction with few pulleys. Accessibility for inspection and replacement of the ropes is guaranteed.
• the design of the lower ramp is such that the heel of the ship can be at least 3 °.
• the construction is torsionally soft, so that it adapts to the ship's heel without resistance and a lifting of the flap tip is avoided.
• Horizontal forces transversely to the lower ramp axis from the ship, from wind and from lateral forces due to traffic are dissipated into the lift tower foundations on the ship-side part of the ramp via the lifting cross member.
• elastically mounted guide rollers with a predetermined spring travel can be provided on the end faces of the lifting cross member.
• the ramp or the ramps are controlled from a central control station, with all the pump units and control devices being accommodated there.
• the ramp provided vertically above the lower ramp is intended for trucks and cars and is formed on the water side by a height-adjustable bridge flap which is guided in strong bearing shells on the land side.
• the height of the upper ramp is analogous to that of the first ramp, by means of hydraulic cylinders which are attached to the ramp itself on the one hand and to the framework construction of the ramp suspension on the other hand.
• Figure 2 top view of the lower ramp of the loading and / or unloading device
• Figure 1 shows the loading and / or unloading device 1, which is essentially formed from the following components: a lower ramp 2, an upper ramp 3 and lifting towers 4 attached to the sea.
• the lower ramp 2 is partially equipped with rails 5 and is for the Ro-ro traffic of rail and road vehicles is provided.
• the lower ramp 2 is held or guided on the land side in longitudinally displaceable bearings (not shown), the elastic displacement due to impacts, which are generated, for example, when ships 6 are docked, being compensated for by means of a length compensation device 7.
• the upper ramp 3 is shifted on the land side to an access bridge 8 and is provided for the ro-ro traffic of road vehicles.
• Both the lower 2 and the upper ramp 3 are displaced on the sea side in the area of the lifting towers 4, whereby they can be pivoted about the land-side horizontal axes 9, 10 by means of the lifting devices shown in FIG.
• Different working positions of ramps 2 and 3 are dependent on different water levels and auxiliary states of the ship 6 indicated.
• the lower ramp 2 is deposited in a manner known per se on the cross member 11 of the ship 6, the horizontal guidance and centering of the ramp 1 on the ship 6 being carried out by at least one link provided on the cross member 11 of the ship 6 (not shown) ).
• FIG. 2 shows a top view of the lower ramp 2, which, as already described, is equipped with rails 5.
• lifting towers 4 are provided on both sides, which contain the corresponding lifting means for positioning the ramp 2 in the desired working and rest positions.
• a holding and guiding device 14 or 15 Provided in the area of the inlet mouth 12 of the ferry pier 13 is a holding and guiding device 14 or 15, which can be set in the direction of the ship's hull and is capable of accommodating a wide variety of ship sizes and positioning them precisely.
• the ramp 2 is equipped with elastic damping elements 16, which easily absorb shocks of the ship 6 when docking, without causing a displacement of the length compensation device 7 and thus a longitudinal displacement of the entire ramp 2.
• FIG. 3 shows a front view of the loading and / or unloading device 1, from which the following components can be seen: the lower ramp 2, the upper ramp 3 and the lateral lifting towers 4.
• counterweights 17, 18 are provided, which are connected by ropes 19, 20 are connected to the lower ramp 2 in such a way that the ropes 19 are guided over deflection rollers 21, 22 and 23, 24 and are connected to a cross member 25 arranged below the ramp 2.
• the vertical displacement of the lower ramp 2 about the horizontal axis 9 (FIG. 1) is brought about by means of two hydraulic cylinders 26, 27, which are connected on the one hand to the ramp 2 and on the other hand to components 28, 29 of the lifting towers 4.
• the upper ramp 3 is displaced relative to the lifting towers 4 via a half-timbered steel structure 30 and is pivoted into its respective operating position about the pivot point 10 (FIG. 1) by means of further hydraulic cylinders 31, 32.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Ship Loading And Unloading (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=6433518

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Families Citing this family (1)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 1991
  • 1991-06-08 DE DE4118920A patent/DE4118920C1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1992
  • 1992-03-04 EP EP92906256A patent/EP0589888A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1992-03-04 WO PCT/EP1992/000484 patent/WO1992022707A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1992-03-04 FI FI934560A patent/FI934560L/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
• 1993
  • 1993-12-07 NO NO934448A patent/NO934448L/no unknown
  • 1993-12-07 NO NO934448D patent/NO934448D0/no unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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