EP0529385B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Glätte- und Glanzerzeugung - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Glätte- und Glanzerzeugung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0529385B1
EP0529385B1 EP92113589A EP92113589A EP0529385B1 EP 0529385 B1 EP0529385 B1 EP 0529385B1 EP 92113589 A EP92113589 A EP 92113589A EP 92113589 A EP92113589 A EP 92113589A EP 0529385 B1 EP0529385 B1 EP 0529385B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
roll
smoothness
gloss
accordance
web
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92113589A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0529385A1 (de
Inventor
Christoph Link
Wolf Gunter Stotz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sulzer Escher Wyss GmbH
Original Assignee
Sulzer Escher Wyss GmbH
Escher Wyss GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sulzer Escher Wyss GmbH, Escher Wyss GmbH filed Critical Sulzer Escher Wyss GmbH
Publication of EP0529385A1 publication Critical patent/EP0529385A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0529385B1 publication Critical patent/EP0529385B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
    • D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
    • D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
    • D21G1/0073—Accessories for calenders
    • D21G1/0093—Web conditioning devices
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
    • D21H25/04—Physical treatment, e.g. heating, irradiating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing smoothness and gloss on one or both surfaces of a paper web, which comprises natural cellulose fibers, by the application of pressure and using heat and subsequent cooling.
  • a paper web which comprises natural cellulose fibers
  • natural cellulose fibers or “natural cellulose fibers” is understood by the person skilled in the paper manufacture to mean the natural fibers used in conventional paper manufacture, derived from sources and starting materials such as wood, grass, cotton, sugar cane (bagasse ), Cane (reed) and bamboo, possibly with a proportion of recovery material, predominantly based on natural cellulose material.
  • the paper web with a moisture content of 3% to 7% of the dry mass of the fibers is passed through the nip between the smooth metal finishing roller and the elastic back-up roller at a speed which allows the web to remain in the nip between 0.3 ms and 12 ms .
  • the smoothing roller is heated to a surface temperature with a size that is not less than 20 ° below a value determined by a complicated exponential formula, which depends on the inlet temperature of the web at the time of entering the nip, the dwell time of the web in the Gap and the moisture content of the fibers in the web in% by weight of the dry fiber weight depends.
  • the calender arrangement described here contains two pairs of rollers which determine the respective printing nips which the paper web passes through in succession. Each pair of rolls is used to treat a respective surface of the web and includes a high temperature hard roll and a soft roll. Viewed in the direction of movement of the paper web, a respective cooling device runs in front of each pair of rollers, which serves to cool the web in the roller pressure nips before it is heated. The goal is to limit heating inside the paper web in the nips and thereby limit the associated partial plasticization of the interior of the paper web. In this way, substantial compression of the paper web can be avoided and heating is restricted to the surface of the web so that it are the surface fibers that are compressed in the roller nip. It can be seen from the foregoing description that this document also teaches a method for smoothness and gloss production in which the surfaces of the web are smoothed using heated rollers with simultaneous application of pressure.
  • DE-OS 38 15 446 Another document according to the state of the art in this field is DE-OS 38 15 446.
  • This document deals with the production of smoothness and gloss by a frictional effect exerted on the surface of the paper web.
  • the document describes a device for producing smoothness and gloss on paper webs, textiles and the like, and this contains a polished metal smoothing surface, along which the web can move under the action of pressure and friction. The movement of the web over this surface can be effected by means of a roller with an elastic coating. The surface of the web is effectively ironed out by the polished smoothing surface.
  • the document explains that the effect that produces smoothness and gloss is due to plasticization of the fiber layers of the web near the surface.
  • the web on the side to be smoothed is moistened and / or heated.
  • DE-OS 38 15 446 also describes different types of heating arrangements, for example a radiant heater which heats up the back of a sheet metal smoothing surface, via which the Web is drawn, and a preheated roller which heats the surface of the web before it enters the nip between the smoothing surface and the elastically coated roller.
  • a cooling device is provided to cool the paper web after smoothing. It can be seen from the foregoing that this document again relates to a process in which the smoothness is created by the simultaneous application of heat and pressure to one or both surfaces of the paper web.
  • the basic aim of the present invention is to provide a method and a corresponding device for producing smoothness and gloss on paper, which essentially prevent the fibers from being re-erected after the smoothing process and also allow freedom in the design of the required heating device that, if necessary, heated rollers can also be avoided in the implementation of the invention.
  • the invention provides a method for producing smoothness and gloss on the surface of a paper web, which comprises natural cellulose fibers, by applying pressure and the use of heating and subsequent cooling, characterized in that at least one surface of the paper web is heated in a first step by surface heating to a temperature above the glass transition temperature of the fibers on the surface of the web, and in a second step pressure and shock cooling are simultaneously applied to thereby the fibers on the surface to form the gloss and deforming the smoothness while cooling the surface to a temperature below the glass transition temperature, thereby fixing the deformed fibers to maintain the desired smoothness and gloss.
  • the invention provides a device for producing smoothness and gloss on the surface of a paper web comprising cellulose fibers by applying pressure and by using heating and subsequent cooling, characterized in that a flat heating device is provided to bring at least one surface of the paper web to a temperature to heat up, where the fibers of the surface are above the glass transition temperature; and that a cooled body is provided after the heater, and means for pressing the cooled body against the surface, thereby simultaneously deforming the fibers into a deformed state for producing smoothness and luster, and compressing them in the deformed state by shock cooling Fix temperature below the glass transition temperature.
  • the method and apparatus of the present invention operate in a completely different direction than the methods and apparatus of the prior art.
  • the pressure transferred to the web is applied simultaneously with its cooling so that the smoothness and gloss effects created by pressure are effectively "frozen” into the surface of the web at the same time that they occur, so that essentially no further hazard remains that the fibers on the surface partially straighten up again after smoothing.
  • GB-PS 1 540 056 which describes a method and a device for the continuous solidification and surface finishing of a paper web.
  • essentially all of the fibers of the web discussed in this UK document are made of a synthetic thermoplastic material.
  • Such fibers are consistently understood as genuinely synthetic fibers which, by extruding a synthetic thermoplastic material, into endless massive, i.e. non-hollow filaments are formed which are then chopped into a synthetic paper web to form synthetic bulk material for compression.
  • Such synthetic paper webs are usually found as a special plastic paper with high tear strength and for use in printing driver's licenses, passports, etc.
  • the web is heated to a temperature above the softening point of the synthetic plastic material. Meanwhile, the web is supported all the time that it is above the softening point of the thermoplastic material because the web has essentially no coherence, i.e. has no firmness. After the web is fully softened, it is subsequently cooled from a temperature above the softening point of the thermoplastic material while in contact with a forming surface so that the surface quality of the forming surface is communicated to the surface of the web without the web being subjected to substantial pressure subject.
  • thermoplastic synthetic fibers are solid at room temperature, but soften to a flexible but weak state when heated. This means that they lose their strength at elevated temperatures and become physically deformable.
  • the natural cellulosic fiber material of the present invention is cellulosic fiber material, as is commonly found in papermaking, with hollow fibers derived from raw materials such as wood, grass, cotton, sugar cane (bagasse), reed and bamboo and optionally contains recycled raw material of the same type or types of sources.
  • GB-PS 1 540 056 clearly states that the web is consolidated as a result of heat rather than pressure.
  • the gentle pressure exerted on the web according to the British patent serves only to ensure that the web is in good contact with the roll surface and not to squeeze or press the web.
  • the way in which the surface properties of the web are communicated is referred to here as being analogous to a casting process, since the softened thermoplastic material "flows" and thereby assumes the surface properties of the support surface exactly.
  • the comparative document aims to soften the web over its entire thickness by the temperature gradient reduce over the web when the web is heated to a temperature above the softening point of the thermoplastic material.
  • the need to support the web in the comparative script is explained by the comment that if the web is unsupported and is above or very close to the softening point, it would likely tear or otherwise deform due to lack of coherence in this condition .
  • the temperature rise on the surface or surfaces of the web should preferably take place very rapidly and also preferably be essentially limited to the surface or surfaces of the web in order to reduce the volume reduction of the paper web during the subsequent printing and cooling treatment leads to leveling and binding. In practice this is very difficult to achieve because of the limited dwell time available for this purpose in high speed machines and this is a disadvantage in all prior art procedures where "shock" heating of the web is intended.
  • the heater there are no specific requirements for the heater to be used. Any known heaters can be used, such as radiant heaters or heated rollers. Since the heat transfer to the web surface does not have to take place over a short length in the nip at high speed of the paper web, but rather can take place at a substantial angular extent of the heated surface of the heated rollers, the temperature of the heated roller need not be so high as in the prior art, since a longer time is available for heat transfer, so that the safety and technical problems of the heating and pressure roller are significantly reduced.
  • Any known heaters can be used, such as radiant heaters or heated rollers. Since the heat transfer to the web surface does not have to take place over a short length in the nip at high speed of the paper web, but rather can take place at a substantial angular extent of the heated surface of the heated rollers, the temperature of the heated roller need not be so high as in the prior art, since a longer time is available for heat transfer, so that the safety and technical problems of the heating and pressure roller are significantly reduced.
  • the invention uses "shock cooling" for the first time.
  • the web already at 150 ° C which was heated to this temperature relatively slowly with a relatively cool heating source of only a little over 150 ° C, is abruptly cooled, e.g. with a step-like temperature change of 120 °, and can be used for this purpose a pair of rollers of almost room temperature can be used.
  • This type of roll is much safer and easier to use than the hot rolls required in the prior art.
  • thermal insulation device between the heating device and the cooled body.
  • the pressure exerted on the surface of the paper web can be achieved in various ways, for example in the form of a touch pressure, if the cooling device is a pair is realized by rotatable rollers. In this case the contact pressure is achieved in the nip.
  • the heating of the paper can be produced by deflecting the paper web over a rotatable or a static body. In the case of a static body, there is considerable relative sliding movement between the surface of the web and the body, which itself produces a smoothing effect and heating. With a rotatable body, the speed of rotation of the body can be controlled so that the surface speed of the body is less than the surface speed of the paper web.
  • the web can be heated using a heated roller or roller, the web extending over a substantial angular range from its surface. Radiant heating can also be used. The person skilled in the art thus obtains considerable freedom with regard to the heating arrangement when designing the device required for carrying out the method.
  • Both embodiments have in common that the surface of the paper web 1 is arranged on both sides of the web and, for example, due to heat radiation (FIG. 1) or heated rollers (FIG. 2), heating devices 2 to a temperature above the glass transition temperature (freezing temperature) of the natural cellulose fibers the web surface is heated.
  • This makes it possible to deform the fibers and to maintain the state of deformation during the subsequent binding of these surface fibers in the subsequent pressure and cooling treatment.
  • a thermally insulating means 3 in the form of partitions adjoins the heating device 2.
  • the step which actually produces the smoothness and the gloss, which leads to the binding or fixing of the surface fibers in the smooth, glossy state is implemented via cooled bodies 5 and 9, respectively, which act against the surface of the paper web 1 press on.
  • the two cooled bodies 5 and 9 are designed as rotatable rollers which form a roller pressure gap and press against one another.
  • One roller 5 is designed because of the thermal conductivity as a conventional solid or hollow roller made of metal, while the other roller 9 used for thickness profile control of the paper web 1 is designed as a deflection or jacket deflection-controlled roller.
  • This roller has a non-rotatable carrier 11 and a roller shell 7, 6 which is rotatable about the carrier 11 and is stiffened relative to the carrier by at least one support element 8 which exerts a supporting force in the pressing plane.
  • Such rolls controlled for deflection or jacket deflection are well known in the art.
  • the roll shell consists of an inner zone 7 with low thermal conductivity and an outer zone 6, preferably made of metal, with good thermal conductivity. This offers the possibility of flexible regulation of the supporting forces across the roll width and also an adequate ability to absorb or dissipate heat.
  • the cooling of a roll takes place by means of a cooling device 4 which extends over part of the roll surface, namely this contains cooling gas nozzles through which a cooling gas is directed onto the roll surface.
  • the other roller is cooled by contact with a cooling roller 12, which is preferably cambered to ensure a uniform pressure.
  • the heating device 2 is arranged rotatably or statically.
  • This heating device 2 comprises two rollers, each with a metal jacket through which a heating medium flows, typically in such a way that the roller surface is kept at just above 150 ° C.
  • the friction that occurs at a certain relative speed between the roller surfaces and of paper web 1 occurs to the generation of heat to raise the temperature of the web above the glass transition temperature, which is important for subsequent smoothness and gloss production. It will be appreciated that the amount of heat generated by friction depends on the amount of slippage between the rollers 2 and the paper web.

Landscapes

  • Paper (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
EP92113589A 1991-08-08 1992-08-10 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Glätte- und Glanzerzeugung Expired - Lifetime EP0529385B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4126233A DE4126233C1 (xx) 1991-08-08 1991-08-08
DE4126233 1991-08-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0529385A1 EP0529385A1 (de) 1993-03-03
EP0529385B1 true EP0529385B1 (de) 1996-01-31

Family

ID=6437907

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92113589A Expired - Lifetime EP0529385B1 (de) 1991-08-08 1992-08-10 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Glätte- und Glanzerzeugung

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5318670A (xx)
EP (1) EP0529385B1 (xx)
JP (1) JP3495381B2 (xx)
AT (1) ATE133730T1 (xx)
CA (1) CA2075402C (xx)
DE (2) DE4126233C1 (xx)
FI (1) FI97408C (xx)

Families Citing this family (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI95061C (fi) * 1993-03-08 1995-12-11 Valmet Paper Machinery Inc Menetelmä paperiradan kalanteroinnissa ja menetelmää soveltava kalanteri
DE4321061B4 (de) * 1993-06-24 2007-10-18 Voith Patent Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Beeinflussung von Dicke und Glanz und/oder Glätte bei der Behandlung von Faserstoffbahnen
DE4335053A1 (de) * 1993-10-14 1995-04-20 Kleinewefers Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Veredeln einer Papierbahn
DE19506301C2 (de) * 1995-02-23 2000-07-13 Voith Sulzer Finishing Gmbh Kalander für Papierbahnen
FI98392C (fi) * 1995-07-26 1997-06-10 Valmet Corp Menetelmä paperiradan lämmittämiseen kalanterissa
CA2214486C (en) * 1996-09-04 2006-06-06 Consolidated Papers, Inc. Method and apparatus for minimizing web-fluting in heat-set, web-offset printing presses
DE19741517A1 (de) 1997-09-20 1999-03-25 Voith Sulzer Papiermasch Gmbh Verfahren zur Verringerung der Haftung einer feuchten Faserstoffbahn an einer rotierenden Walze
FI116402B (fi) * 2001-04-17 2005-11-15 Metso Paper Inc Kalanterointimenetelmä
US6913673B2 (en) * 2001-12-19 2005-07-05 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Heated embossing and ply attachment
FI111282B (fi) * 2002-03-07 2003-06-30 Metso Paper Inc Kalanterointimenetelmä ja kalanteri
US7514030B2 (en) * 2002-12-30 2009-04-07 Albany International Corp. Fabric characteristics by flat calendering
US7088946B2 (en) * 2004-04-12 2006-08-08 Eastman Kodak Company Adjusting gloss for a print image
FI117444B (fi) * 2004-06-24 2006-10-13 Metso Paper Inc Menetelmä kuiturainan käsittelemiseksi pituusleikkauksen jälkeisessä vaiheessa
US8133353B2 (en) * 2005-03-15 2012-03-13 Wausau Paper Corp. Creped paper product
US7504002B2 (en) * 2006-01-20 2009-03-17 Newpage Corporation Method of producing coated paper with reduced gloss mottle
US9144966B2 (en) * 2012-10-12 2015-09-29 Goss International Americas, Inc. Combined chiller and spreader roll assembly
KR102403955B1 (ko) * 2021-02-04 2022-06-03 박한수 웹종이 코팅장치
KR102358580B1 (ko) * 2021-10-08 2022-02-09 에이치비페이퍼 주식회사 웹종이 코팅장치
KR102382849B1 (ko) * 2021-10-08 2022-04-11 에이치비페이퍼 주식회사 웹종이 코팅장치

Family Cites Families (13)

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US3647619A (en) * 1969-11-10 1972-03-07 Eastman Kodak Co High pressure calendering of a paper web between heated calender rolls having non-resilient surfaces
GB1540056A (en) * 1975-01-13 1979-02-07 Wiggins Teape Ltd Heat treatment of a web containing fibres of thermoplastic material
US4016030A (en) * 1975-01-29 1977-04-05 Fort Howard Paper Company Calendering paper containing thermoplastic contaminants
IT1105843B (it) * 1978-01-13 1985-11-04 Munari Giovanni Procedimento per la fabbricazione di carta o cartoncino impermeabilizzato e termosaldabile in macchina continua
WO1987002722A1 (en) * 1985-11-06 1987-05-07 Scott Paper Company Method of finishing paper utilizing substrata thermal molding
US4624744A (en) * 1984-05-18 1986-11-25 S. D. Warren Company Method of finishing paper utilizing substrata thermal molding
FI72768B (fi) * 1984-11-30 1987-03-31 Waertsilae Oy Ab Nerkylning av pappersbana i superkalander.
FI71374C (fi) * 1984-12-31 1986-12-19 Valmet Oy Foerfarande och anordning vid kalandrering av en bana
US4606264A (en) * 1985-01-04 1986-08-19 Wartsila-Appleton, Incorporated Method and apparatus for temperature gradient calendering
EP0245520B1 (en) * 1985-11-21 1992-09-16 Teijin Limited Monoclonal antibody against glutathione s-transferase and its use in the diagnosis of cancer
DE3815463A1 (de) * 1988-05-06 1989-11-16 Kuesters Eduard Maschf Verfahren zur erzeugung von glaette und glanz auf einer papierbahn und entsprechende kalanderanordnung
DE3815446A1 (de) * 1988-05-06 1989-11-16 Kuesters Eduard Maschf Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erzeugung von glaette und glanz auf bahnen aus papier und dergleichen
DE3922184A1 (de) * 1988-12-22 1990-06-28 Escher Wyss Gmbh Verfahren zum glaetten einer papierbahn

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI923326A (fi) 1993-02-09
DE4126233C1 (xx) 1992-09-17
CA2075402C (en) 1999-03-16
ATE133730T1 (de) 1996-02-15
FI97408B (fi) 1996-08-30
EP0529385A1 (de) 1993-03-03
FI923326A0 (fi) 1992-07-21
DE59205219D1 (de) 1996-03-14
FI97408C (fi) 1996-12-10
CA2075402A1 (en) 1993-02-09
US5318670A (en) 1994-06-07
JP3495381B2 (ja) 2004-02-09
JPH05209400A (ja) 1993-08-20

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