EP0503341B1 - Stabile, stickstoffreiche Verbindung - Google Patents
Stabile, stickstoffreiche Verbindung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0503341B1 EP0503341B1 EP92103023A EP92103023A EP0503341B1 EP 0503341 B1 EP0503341 B1 EP 0503341B1 EP 92103023 A EP92103023 A EP 92103023A EP 92103023 A EP92103023 A EP 92103023A EP 0503341 B1 EP0503341 B1 EP 0503341B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- use according
- added
- azotetrazolate
- mixture
- combustion regulators
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004686 pentahydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PJJJBBJSCAKJQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N guanidinium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].NC(N)=[NH2+] PJJJBBJSCAKJQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ULRPISSMEBPJLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-tetrazol-5-amine Chemical compound NC1=NN=NN1 ULRPISSMEBPJLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JVSMPWHQUPKRNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-tetrazol-5-amine;hydrate Chemical compound O.NC=1N=NNN=1 JVSMPWHQUPKRNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007084 catalytic combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium azide Chemical compound [Na+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 3
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003536 tetrazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JGZAFSFVZSXXCJ-ONEGZZNKSA-N (E)-bis(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)diazene Chemical compound N(=N\C1=NN=NN1)/C1=NN=NN1 JGZAFSFVZSXXCJ-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 Battery acid Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006418 Brown reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical class NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical group Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001540 azides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001149 cognitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- MJFQUUWPZOGYQT-UHFFFAOYSA-O diaminomethylideneazanium;nitrate Chemical compound NC(N)=[NH2+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O MJFQUUWPZOGYQT-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003721 gunpowder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- HURPOIVZCDCEEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2h-tetrazol-5-yl)nitramide Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)NC=1N=NNN=1 HURPOIVZCDCEEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical class OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
- C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B43/00—Compositions characterised by explosive or thermic constituents not provided for in groups C06B25/00 - C06B41/00
Definitions
- the invention relates to a stable, nitrogen-rich organic compound and its use in pyrotechnic mixtures.
- Nitrogen-rich organic compounds are widely used in chemistry and technology, be they as reactants in chemical processes or as gas, especially inert gas-generating substances. It is problematic that the direct coupling of N atoms to one another is only slightly stable in nitrogen-rich compounds, and such compounds are therefore out of the question for many applications. For example, although tetrazole is very common as a stable compound, it has a relatively low nitrogen content. This in turn could be significantly increased by connecting two tetrazole rings via an azo bridge to form the 5,5 'azotetrazole. This compound is not very stable as a free acid.
- Salts of 5,5'-azotetrazole have also been proposed as substances which generate inert gas.
- a bis (triaminoguanidinium) -5,5'-azotetrazolate is known (US Pat. No. 4,601,344) for use in fire extinguishing agents.
- this compound is so sensitive to friction and impact that it falls into the category of initial explosives is classified.
- the thermal stability is also so low that the connection has only a short life at elevated temperature.
- the still known aminoguanidinium-5,5'-azotetrozolate (DE-A-2 004 620 with DE-A-34 22 433) has the same disadvantage.
- Perchlorates of diguanidine are described as explosives in US-A-4340755.
- guanidinium salt of 5-nitroaminotetrazole is known from US-A-3905322; it can be used as a gas generator.
- DE-A-3641788 relates to a method for improving the pressure dependence of the burning behavior of solid propellants and gun propellants.
- a compound is proposed with diguanidinium-5,5'-azotetrazolate which, as its empirical formula C4H12N16 shows, has a high nitrogen content, namely 78.7% with a molecular weight of 284.5.
- the salt of 5,5'-azotetrazole it is very stable and practically insoluble in the usual organic solvents with the exception of methanol, dimetyhlformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide at room temperature. Solubility in water is also only very moderate.
- the thermal resistance results from the relatively high melting point between 238 and 239 ° C. Furthermore, at a storage temperature of 130 ° C after 50 days there is only a weight loss of 1%, which is practically negligible.
- the advantage of the connection results from the fact that the gases developed during the decomposition are harmless to humans, so that use in the vicinity of humans, in particular also in closed rooms, is possible.
- the intermediate product sodium 5,5'-azotetrazolate pentahydrate can be prepared by dissolving 5-aminotetrazole monohydrate in NaOH, adding powdery KMn04 to the solution, filtering off the reaction mixture and sodium 5,5'-azotetrazolate pentahydrate from the filtrate is crystallized out.
- the pentahydrate is then reacted in aqueous solution with guanidinium chloride or nitrate to diguanidinium 5,5'-azotetrazolate. With this conversion, the diguanidinium-5,5'-azotetrazolate is obtained as an easily filterable yellow precipitate in good yield.
- the compound according to the invention is outstandingly suitable as the basis for a pyrotechnic mixture for the production of environmentally friendly and non-toxic gases which, despite the required liveliness, is stable even under extreme operating conditions and has a long service life by using diguanidinium-5,5'-azotetrazolate (GZT) a powdery, chemically stable oxidizer is mixed.
- GZT diguanidinium-5,5'-azotetrazolate
- the CCT used according to the invention can be processed as a powdery substance.
- a powdery, chemically stable oxidizer which in particular must not be hygroscopic, a mixture can be produced in which the oxygen balance is largely balanced.
- These mixtures are very stable thermally and are insensitive to impact and friction.
- the invention therefore proposes an azide-free, in particular sodium azide-free product, which is consequently considerably more environmentally friendly.
- KNO3 is preferably used as an oxidizer.
- a mixture made from this with GZT can also be finely ground in larger batches due to its high handling safety - see Table 2.
- a particle size spectrum can be produced in which over 50% of the particles in the mixture have a particle diameter of ⁇ 15 ⁇ m.
- the grain size distribution and the grain size itself largely determine the liveliness of such a gas generator mixture, whereby it is naturally important to ensure a homogeneous mixture.
- Shaped bodies can be produced from the powder mixture by adding organic or inorganic binders.
- the proportion of binders should not exceed 5% by weight.
- the combustion behavior can be significantly influenced by different geometry of the shaped bodies.
- the pressure-time behavior of a GZT-KNO3 formulation without binder can be determined at a loading density of 10 g to 100 cm3.
- the pressure-time behavior of a GZT-KNO3 formulation without binder can be determined at a loading density of 10 g to 100 cm3.
- For lighting are, for example, 0.7 g ignition mixture of boron and KNO3.
- Decisive for a particular application can be B. the ignition delay, the edge steepness and the time until the maximum pressure is reached.
- the 30/80 time is an important cognitive value for the liveliness of gas generation, i.e. the slope of the burn-up curve in the range between 30% and 80% of the maximum pressure.
- the shape of the curve in the pressure-time diagram can be influenced, among other things, by the geometry of the shaped bodies. Of course, any inorganic or organic binders present also have an influence on the slope.
- catalytic combustion controllers can be used in a proportion of 0.1 to 5% by weight.
- organic or inorganic salts of these metals can also be used as the combustion controller.
- a measure of the thermal stability can be determined by measuring the weight loss at 130 ° C in loosely closed test tubes. In a GZT-KNO3 formulation it is only 0.3% by weight after 34 days.
- the ignition temperature of this formulation is between 251 and 253 ° C with a weight of 0.2 g and a heating rate of 20 K / min.
- the impact sensitivity determined according to the BAM drop hammer method (Koenen and Ide "Explosivstoffe” 9 (1961) page 4, 30), is over 10 kpm, that is, with the 10 kg drop hammer, there was no reaction at a drop height of 1 m to be watched.
- the determination of the friction sensitivity did not result in a reaction with a pin load of 36 kp.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4108225A DE4108225C1 (tr) | 1991-03-14 | 1991-03-14 | |
| DE4108225 | 1991-03-14 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0503341A1 EP0503341A1 (de) | 1992-09-16 |
| EP0503341B1 true EP0503341B1 (de) | 1995-07-05 |
Family
ID=6427255
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP92103023A Expired - Lifetime EP0503341B1 (de) | 1991-03-14 | 1992-02-22 | Stabile, stickstoffreiche Verbindung |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5198046A (tr) |
| EP (1) | EP0503341B1 (tr) |
| DE (2) | DE4108225C1 (tr) |
Families Citing this family (35)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5425886A (en) * | 1993-06-23 | 1995-06-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | On demand, non-halon, fire extinguishing systems |
| US5682014A (en) * | 1993-08-02 | 1997-10-28 | Thiokol Corporation | Bitetrazoleamine gas generant compositions |
| US5472647A (en) | 1993-08-02 | 1995-12-05 | Thiokol Corporation | Method for preparing anhydrous tetrazole gas generant compositions |
| WO1995004014A1 (en) * | 1993-08-02 | 1995-02-09 | Thiokol Corporation | Method for preparing anhydrous tetrazole gas generant compositions |
| CH685699A5 (de) * | 1993-08-25 | 1995-09-15 | Ems Patvag Ag | Pyrochemische Zündkette in einem Gasgenerator. |
| DE4435790A1 (de) * | 1993-10-06 | 1995-04-13 | Contec Chemieanlagen Gmbh | Gasgeneratortreibstoff |
| DE4401214C1 (de) * | 1994-01-18 | 1995-03-02 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Gaserzeugende Mischung |
| DE4401213C1 (de) * | 1994-01-18 | 1995-03-02 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Gaserzeugende Mischung |
| US5583315A (en) * | 1994-01-19 | 1996-12-10 | Universal Propulsion Company, Inc. | Ammonium nitrate propellants |
| US6364975B1 (en) | 1994-01-19 | 2002-04-02 | Universal Propulsion Co., Inc. | Ammonium nitrate propellants |
| US20050067074A1 (en) * | 1994-01-19 | 2005-03-31 | Hinshaw Jerald C. | Metal complexes for use as gas generants |
| DE4442037C1 (de) | 1994-11-25 | 1995-12-21 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Gaserzeugende Mischung |
| DE4442169C1 (de) * | 1994-11-26 | 1995-12-21 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Gaserzeugende Mischung |
| DE4442170C1 (de) * | 1994-11-26 | 1995-12-21 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Gaserzeugende Mischung |
| DE19505568A1 (de) * | 1995-02-18 | 1996-08-22 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Gaserzeugende Mischungen |
| US5817972A (en) * | 1995-11-13 | 1998-10-06 | Trw Inc. | Iron oxide as a coolant and residue former in an organic propellant |
| EP0864553B1 (en) * | 1995-12-01 | 2013-02-27 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobeseikosho | Gas generating agent and transfer charge for use in airbag gas generator, and gas generator comprising said gas generating agent and transfer charge |
| US5844164A (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1998-12-01 | Breed Automotive Technologies, Inc. | Gas generating device with specific composition |
| US5661261A (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1997-08-26 | Breed Automotive Technology, Inc. | Gas generating composition |
| US5608183A (en) * | 1996-03-15 | 1997-03-04 | Morton International, Inc. | Gas generant compositions containing amine nitrates plus basic copper (II) nitrate and/or cobalt(III) triammine trinitrate |
| JPH09328387A (ja) * | 1996-06-03 | 1997-12-22 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | ガス発生剤組成物 |
| BR9711958A (pt) | 1996-07-25 | 2000-10-24 | Thiokol Corp | Complexos de metal para uso como geradores de gás |
| US6306232B1 (en) | 1996-07-29 | 2001-10-23 | Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. | Thermally stable nonazide automotive airbag propellants |
| US5872329A (en) * | 1996-11-08 | 1999-02-16 | Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. | Nonazide gas generant compositions |
| US5811725A (en) * | 1996-11-18 | 1998-09-22 | Aerojet-General Corporation | Hybrid rocket propellants containing azo compounds |
| US5917146A (en) * | 1997-05-29 | 1999-06-29 | The Regents Of The University Of California | High-nitrogen energetic material based pyrotechnic compositions |
| US6328906B1 (en) * | 1997-12-18 | 2001-12-11 | Atlantic Research Corporation | Chemical delivery systems for fire suppression |
| US5889161A (en) * | 1998-05-13 | 1999-03-30 | Sri International | N,N'-azobis-nitroazoles and analogs thereof as igniter compounds for use in energetic compositions |
| DE29902273U1 (de) | 1999-02-09 | 1999-07-08 | TRW Automotive Safety Systems GmbH, 63743 Aschaffenburg | Airbag-Treibsatz |
| JP2007531684A (ja) * | 2004-03-29 | 2007-11-08 | オートモーティブ システムズ ラボラトリィ、 インク． | ガス生成物質およびその製造法 |
| US10968147B2 (en) * | 2005-06-02 | 2021-04-06 | Ruag Ammotec Gmbh | Pyrotechnic agent |
| US9045380B1 (en) | 2007-10-31 | 2015-06-02 | Tk Holdings Inc. | Gas generating compositions |
| DE102010025104B4 (de) * | 2010-04-14 | 2015-06-11 | Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | Initialsprengstoff |
| US20140109551A1 (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2014-04-24 | Los Alamos National Security, Llc | Solid chemical rocket propulsion system |
| CN114196454B (zh) * | 2021-12-07 | 2023-02-03 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | 一种含高氮化合物的固体燃料 |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1580522A (en) * | 1924-07-28 | 1926-04-13 | Eldon C Murray | All-metal chair |
| DE2004620C3 (de) * | 1970-02-03 | 1975-07-17 | Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf | Druckgaserzeugende Ladungen |
| US3909322A (en) * | 1970-08-03 | 1975-09-30 | Us Navy | Solid gas generating and gun propellant compositions containing a nitroaminotetrazole salt |
| FR2228043B1 (tr) * | 1972-10-17 | 1977-03-04 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | |
| FR2316204A1 (fr) * | 1975-07-03 | 1977-01-28 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | Une composition pyrotechnique eclairante generatrice de gaz |
| US4340755A (en) * | 1980-10-10 | 1982-07-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Biguanide diperchlorate and process for preparation thereof |
| US4462910A (en) * | 1983-02-03 | 1984-07-31 | Cosden Technology, Inc. | Oil slick dispersants using diguanidinium salt |
| US4601344A (en) * | 1983-09-29 | 1986-07-22 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Pyrotechnic fire extinguishing method |
| DE3641788A1 (de) * | 1986-12-06 | 1988-06-09 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Verfahren zum verbessern des abbrandverhaltens derartiger festreibstoffe und festtreibstoff |
-
1991
- 1991-03-14 DE DE4108225A patent/DE4108225C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-02-22 EP EP92103023A patent/EP0503341B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-02-22 DE DE59202770T patent/DE59202770D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-03-10 US US07/848,929 patent/US5198046A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0503341A1 (de) | 1992-09-16 |
| DE59202770D1 (de) | 1995-08-10 |
| US5198046A (en) | 1993-03-30 |
| DE4108225C1 (tr) | 1992-04-09 |
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