WO1998003449A1 - Pyrotechnische mischung als treibmittel oder als gassatz mit kohlenmonoxid-reduzierten schwaden - Google Patents
Pyrotechnische mischung als treibmittel oder als gassatz mit kohlenmonoxid-reduzierten schwaden Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998003449A1 WO1998003449A1 PCT/EP1997/003835 EP9703835W WO9803449A1 WO 1998003449 A1 WO1998003449 A1 WO 1998003449A1 EP 9703835 W EP9703835 W EP 9703835W WO 9803449 A1 WO9803449 A1 WO 9803449A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- blowing agent
- nitrate
- agent according
- weight
- propellant
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
- C06B25/34—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being a nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic amine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
- C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids
Definitions
- Pyrotechnic mixture as a blowing agent or as a gas charge with carbon monoxide-reduced steam
- the invention relates to a pyrotechnic mixture as a blowing agent or as a gas charge with carbon monoxide-reduced fumes
- NC propellants based on nitrocellulose are used in a wide variety of applications, for example in civil and military ammunition or as gas-generating components in commercial cartridges, such as in bolt-setting tools.
- NC propellants are characterized by their high degree of spreading and their favorable price and great experience in handling and use as well as a high degree of variability in the combustion properties, which can be controlled via the composition, the geometric shape and surface treatment, from NC propellants provide a high proportion of gas due to their almost slag-free combustion.
- These gas vapors contain as main component (40-60 vol -%) the toxic carbon monoxide (CO) For this reason, good ventilation or limited use must be ensured when using NC blowing agents, especially in closed rooms
- Propellants or pyrotechnic mixtures with a reduced CO content are widely described in the literature, for example as gas-generating mixtures which are used, for example, in airbags. These mixtures are used it is a combination of nitrogen-rich compounds such as, for example, sodium azide or 5-aminotetrazole and suitable oxidizing agents such as sodium nitrate or calcium perchlorate. These mixtures burn to form a large proportion of slag. As a result, and owing to their combustion properties, they are not suitable for use in ammunition, for example
- CONFIRMATION COPY can be found which, in addition to the suitable burning properties, also have a low carbon content. Blowing agents that contain nitroaminoguanidine (NAGu) are suitable and meet this requirement. Nitroaminoguanidine is a nitrogen-rich molecule with explosive properties.
- the object of the present invention was therefore to provide blowing agents which do not have the disadvantages of the blowing agents known in the prior art.
- the blowing agents according to the invention are distinguished by the fact that they have a significantly reduced CO concentration in the gas clouds compared to NC blowing agents.
- the blowing agents according to the invention are furthermore distinguished by an almost slag-free combustion.
- the proportion of CO in the gas vapor is reduced by more than 50% compared to NC blowing agents.
- the main components of the propellants according to the invention are nitrogen (approx. 40-50 vol.%) And water (approx. 20-30 vol.%).
- the burning properties and safety-related characteristics of the mixtures according to the invention are comparable to those of typical NC propellants. Blowing agent comparable
- the blowing agents according to the invention contain, as the main component, nitroaminoguanidine in a proportion by weight of 40-80% by weight.
- Suitable additives are explosives such as nitroguanide, derivatives of tetrazole such as 5-aminotetrazole, 5-aminotetrazole nitrate, bistrazolamine, bitetrazole and their salts of the elements of I, II and III main group and I, II and VIII subgroup of the periodic table, as well as salts of titanium and manganese, salts of nitraminotetrazolate such as ammonium nitraminotetrazolate and aminoguanidinium nitrammotetrazolate, aminoguanidium nitrate, diaminoguamdinnitrate, triaminogyanidinitrididine, guanidium nitrate, guanidium nitrate, guanidium nitrate, guanidium nitrate, guanidium nitrate, guanidium
- Nitroguanide, taminoguanidine nitrate, aminotetrazole, hexogen and nitrocellulose and also mixtures of the components with one another are preferably used.
- the proportions by weight of the explosive additive can be 0 to 40% by weight
- binders such as polyvinyl butyral, polynitropolyphenylene, t ⁇ acetin, gelatin and glue.
- Polyvinyl butyral is preferably used in proportions by weight of 0 to 10% by weight
- Nitrates of the alkali and alkaline earth elements, perchlorates of the alkali and alkaline earth elements, ammonium nitrate, ammonium perchlorate or mixtures of these components can be used as the oxidizing agent.
- Ammonium nitrate and ammonium perchlorate are preferably used in proportions by weight of 0 to 30% by weight Ferrocene and derivatives, acetylacetonate and derivatives, Aerosil, graphite, talc or mixtures of these components can be used as combustion moderators and processing aids.
- the proportions by weight can be 0 to 10% by weight.
- the production and processing takes place according to known and customary methods. For example, kneading, extrusion, extrusion, granulation or tableting
- the pyrotechnic mixtures according to the invention are suitable for use in civil and military ammunition, as a gas-generating component in commercial cartridges such as, for example, in bolt-setting devices and as a propellant for gas generation in automotive safety systems such as belt tensioners or airbags
- NC blowing agents can typically be characterized by their safety-related characteristics and the burning rate. This is typical data of NC blowing agents
- Friction sensitivity 160 - 240 N Friction sensitivity 160 - 240 N
- the burning rates are pressure-dependent and are typically around 10-20 mm / s at 100 bar and around 50-70 mm / s at 500 bar
- the components of the pyrotechnic mixture according to the invention are well contracted with one another (gas elimination on selected mixtures at 90 ° C. and 40 hours ⁇ 3 ml).
- Thermogravimetric tests show decomposition from 180 ° C. and with isothermal storage (90 ° C.) weight changes ⁇ 0.5% by weight at 48 hours, storage time.
- Table 1 shows the composition of 5 different pyrotechnic mixtures according to the invention.
- the specified components for the mixtures according to the invention are weighed out in the stated weight ratios in plastic containers and homogenized in a tumble mixer for 30 minutes
- Table 2 shows the friction, impact sensitivities, deflagration points and heat of explosion.
- the measurement of the friction and impact sensitivities was carried out according to methods of the Federal Institute for Material Research and Testing (BAM).
- the deflagration points were determined using thermogravimetry analysis (Mettler) and the The heat of explosion was measured using a calorimeter from EKA
- the burning rate was determined by tableting the mixtures into tablets with a height of approximately 2.5 mm and a diameter 7 mm 2 g of the tabletted samples were reacted using 0.2 g boron / potassium nitrate (25 75 wt. parts) as an ignition mixture and an electrically heatable iron wire in a 25 ml stainless steel pressure bomb.
- the pressure development was recorded as a function of time Pressure-time curve and the shape function, the burn-up speeds (r) can be calculated depending on the pressure. For better clarity, the burn-up speeds at 100 and 500 bar are shown in Table 3
- Characteristic values such as flame temperature and specific energy can be read from thermodynamic calculations.
- typical values for the flame temperature are 2800-3600 K and specific energies of 1100-1200 J / g. Table 4 shows these values for the example mixtures. The flame temperatures are significantly reduced, while the specific energies are comparable to those of NC propellants
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002264910A CA2264910A1 (en) | 1996-07-20 | 1997-07-17 | Pyrotechnic mixture as propellant or a gas charge with carbon monoxide-reduced vapors |
US09/254,941 US6024812A (en) | 1996-07-20 | 1997-07-17 | Pyrotechnic mixture as propellant or a gas charge with carbon monoxide-reduced vapors |
EP97934480A EP0914306A1 (de) | 1996-07-20 | 1997-07-17 | Pyrotechnische mischung als treibmittel oder als gassatz mit kohlenmonoxid-reduzierten schwaden |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19629226.3 | 1996-07-20 | ||
DE19629226 | 1996-07-20 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998003449A1 true WO1998003449A1 (de) | 1998-01-29 |
Family
ID=7800319
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1997/003835 WO1998003449A1 (de) | 1996-07-20 | 1997-07-17 | Pyrotechnische mischung als treibmittel oder als gassatz mit kohlenmonoxid-reduzierten schwaden |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6024812A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0914306A1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2264910A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE19730872A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1998003449A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1181262A1 (de) * | 1999-03-01 | 2002-02-27 | Automotive Systems Laboratory Inc. | Gaserzeugende zusammensetzung |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19840993B4 (de) * | 1998-09-08 | 2006-03-09 | Trw Airbag Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verwendung eines gaserzeugenden Gemisches als Anzündmischung in einem Gasgenerator |
US6228192B1 (en) * | 1999-04-20 | 2001-05-08 | Altantic Research Corporation | Double base propellant containing 5-aminotetrazole |
US20030066584A1 (en) * | 2000-03-01 | 2003-04-10 | Burns Sean P. | Gas generant composition |
US6550808B1 (en) | 2000-11-17 | 2003-04-22 | Autoliv Asp. Inc. | Guanylurea nitrate in gas generation |
US6602365B1 (en) | 2000-11-17 | 2003-08-05 | Autoliv Asp, Inc. | Gas generation via metal complexes of guanylurea nitrate |
CA2365807C (en) * | 2000-12-27 | 2005-08-09 | Nof Corporation | Gas-generating compositions |
US6984275B1 (en) * | 2003-02-12 | 2006-01-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Reduced erosion additive for a propelling charge |
US8176851B2 (en) * | 2006-01-18 | 2012-05-15 | Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Small gas generator for gas actuator and pretensioner system |
WO2007090278A1 (en) * | 2006-02-09 | 2007-08-16 | General Dynamics Ordnance And Tactical Systems - Canada Valleyfield Inc. | Black powder substitutes for small caliber firearms |
US7948441B2 (en) * | 2007-04-12 | 2011-05-24 | Raytheon Company | Low profile antenna |
US7688265B2 (en) * | 2007-09-18 | 2010-03-30 | Raytheon Company | Dual polarized low profile antenna |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE884170C (de) * | 1946-11-08 | 1953-07-23 | Ici Ltd | Gaserzeugende Ladung |
US3677841A (en) * | 1969-04-17 | 1972-07-18 | Us Navy | Gas generator composition containing a nitrogen-rich compound and a catalyst |
US4373976A (en) * | 1977-03-09 | 1983-02-15 | Rockwell International Corporation | Gun propellant containing nitroaminoguanidine |
US5125684A (en) * | 1991-10-15 | 1992-06-30 | Hercules Incorporated | Extrudable gas generating propellants, method and apparatus |
DE4412871A1 (de) * | 1993-04-15 | 1994-10-20 | Nof Corp | Zusammensetzungen für Gasgeneratoren |
DE9416112U1 (de) * | 1993-10-06 | 1994-12-15 | Contec Chemieanlagen Gmbh | Gasgeneratortreibstoff |
WO1995000462A1 (en) * | 1993-06-22 | 1995-01-05 | Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. | Azide-free gas generant compositions and processes |
WO1995004710A1 (en) * | 1993-08-04 | 1995-02-16 | Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. | Law residue azide-free gas generant composition |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5756929A (en) * | 1996-02-14 | 1998-05-26 | Automotive Systems Laboratory Inc. | Nonazide gas generating compositions |
-
1997
- 1997-07-17 CA CA002264910A patent/CA2264910A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-07-17 WO PCT/EP1997/003835 patent/WO1998003449A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-07-17 US US09/254,941 patent/US6024812A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-07-17 EP EP97934480A patent/EP0914306A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-07-18 DE DE19730872A patent/DE19730872A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE884170C (de) * | 1946-11-08 | 1953-07-23 | Ici Ltd | Gaserzeugende Ladung |
US3677841A (en) * | 1969-04-17 | 1972-07-18 | Us Navy | Gas generator composition containing a nitrogen-rich compound and a catalyst |
US4373976A (en) * | 1977-03-09 | 1983-02-15 | Rockwell International Corporation | Gun propellant containing nitroaminoguanidine |
US5125684A (en) * | 1991-10-15 | 1992-06-30 | Hercules Incorporated | Extrudable gas generating propellants, method and apparatus |
DE4412871A1 (de) * | 1993-04-15 | 1994-10-20 | Nof Corp | Zusammensetzungen für Gasgeneratoren |
WO1995000462A1 (en) * | 1993-06-22 | 1995-01-05 | Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. | Azide-free gas generant compositions and processes |
WO1995004710A1 (en) * | 1993-08-04 | 1995-02-16 | Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. | Law residue azide-free gas generant composition |
DE9416112U1 (de) * | 1993-10-06 | 1994-12-15 | Contec Chemieanlagen Gmbh | Gasgeneratortreibstoff |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1181262A1 (de) * | 1999-03-01 | 2002-02-27 | Automotive Systems Laboratory Inc. | Gaserzeugende zusammensetzung |
EP1181262A4 (de) * | 1999-03-01 | 2005-03-16 | Automotive Systems Lab | Gaserzeugende zusammensetzung |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19730872A1 (de) | 1998-01-22 |
EP0914306A1 (de) | 1999-05-12 |
CA2264910A1 (en) | 1998-01-29 |
US6024812A (en) | 2000-02-15 |
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