EP0494181B1 - Procede et dispositif de demelage et de nettoyage de produits fibreux - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de demelage et de nettoyage de produits fibreux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0494181B1
EP0494181B1 EP90913807A EP90913807A EP0494181B1 EP 0494181 B1 EP0494181 B1 EP 0494181B1 EP 90913807 A EP90913807 A EP 90913807A EP 90913807 A EP90913807 A EP 90913807A EP 0494181 B1 EP0494181 B1 EP 0494181B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
opening
opener
air flow
fiber material
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90913807A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0494181A1 (fr
Inventor
Akiva Pinto
Günter Lucassen
Manfred Scholbrock
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hollingsworth GmbH
Hergeth Hollingsworth GmbH
Original Assignee
Hollingsworth GmbH
Hergeth Hollingsworth GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Hollingsworth GmbH, Hergeth Hollingsworth GmbH filed Critical Hollingsworth GmbH
Publication of EP0494181A1 publication Critical patent/EP0494181A1/fr
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Publication of EP0494181B1 publication Critical patent/EP0494181B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G9/00—Opening or cleaning fibres, e.g. scutching cotton
    • D01G9/08—Opening or cleaning fibres, e.g. scutching cotton by means of air draught arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for opening and cleaning fiber material according to the preamble of the main claim and claim 2.
  • Such a method is used to ensure that fiber material, in particular cotton fibers, as early as possible, i.e. after a bale opening process, effective cleaning.
  • Automatic high-performance picking and egrenier methods during the harvesting and ginning of the cotton have increased the degree of contamination of many types of cotton.
  • a known device for opening and cleaning fiber material (DE-AS 10 73 915)
  • the supplied fiber flakes are cleaned intensively by accelerating them several times during the run, turning them at the same time and passing them several times through two opening rollers over the respective grate segments.
  • Such a horizontal drum opener and cleaner has two parallel pins Drums running in the same direction, which are pneumatically fed with fiber material in the axial direction and from which the fiber material is pneumatically drawn off axially.
  • Such an opening and cleaning device has the disadvantage that the fiber material covers the grate segments relatively few times after entry because the fiber material from the axial flight direction after detection by the air flow rotating with the opening rollers describes a relatively steep helix on the circumference of the opening rollers.
  • a baffle plate arranged above and between the opening rollers does not allow cleaning to be intensified, since it does not lead to an increase in the fiber material circulation around the opening rollers, but rather increases the pressure loss in the transport air.
  • a separating plate is arranged as a baffle between the rollers.
  • the feed and discharge channel runs transversely to the axes of the opening rollers.
  • the partition plate leads to a strong disturbance of the air flow and thus to flow losses, which lead to increased air and energy consumption. Furthermore, a separation of the air flow from the fiber material flow is not possible to a sufficient extent with the aid of the separating plate.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of developing a method and a device of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the separation of the air and fiber material stream is improved, thereby enabling an improved cleaning action with reduced air and energy requirements.
  • the fiber material supplied via the inlet pipe socket and carried in an inlet-side transport air stream is guided vertically from above onto the rear inlet-side end of the first opening roller in the fiber transport direction tangentially between the housing wall and the opening roller, the direction of rotation of the opening roller in the inlet region running in the direction of the housing wall.
  • the fiber material flow is separated from the inlet-side transport air flow, whereby on the one hand a first partial air flow as the main flow without fiber material, due to the dynamic pressure that forms, can reach the outlet pipe socket diagonally above the first opening roller without increased air resistance, while the due to inertia of the First opening roller received fiber material flow with a relatively small portion of the transport air flow, namely a second partial air flow, spirally revolves both opening rollers several times.
  • the steepness of this spiral Circulations around both opening rolls is considerably reduced, since only a small axial component of the partial air flow acts in the area of the opening rolls in the direction of the outlet pipe socket.
  • the axial component of the second partial air flow running tangentially around the opening rolls can be induced by the first partial air flow running diagonally above the first opening roll.
  • the number of revolutions of the fiber material is considerably increased due to the low axial component of the second partial air flow and thus the cleaning effect is improved.
  • the flow rate of the first partial air flow is considerably reduced relative to the transport air flow due to the cross-sectional expansion in the interior of the housing 3, while the flow rate of the second partial air flow adapts to the peripheral speed of the opening rolls due to the rapid rotation of the opening roll. Since the first partial air flow can flow to the outlet pipe socket almost unhindered, the air requirement and the pressure loss are reduced.
  • the fiber material can be sucked in again by the transport air flow on the inlet side and transported further.
  • the first opening roller in the fiber transport direction is equipped with needles.
  • the opening roller equipped with needles enables a finer resolution of the supplied fiber flakes and thus a better separation of foreign components on the first grate segment in the fiber transport direction.
  • the second opening roller in the fiber transport direction can be at least partially equipped with pins attached to air conveyor strips.
  • the strips on this opening roller increase the air flow carried along and thereby also improve the separation performance in the case of smaller foreign components on the second grate segment.
  • the opening rollers are inclined downwards from the entry side to the exit side. Such an inclination has the advantage that the spiral forward movement is supported by gravity.
  • a major advantage of this collection chamber is that large and heavy foreign components can be separated without any appreciable loss of fiber, since the inlet slot has a large opening cross section, but the closed collection chamber does not allow any appreciable air flow. Due to the air entrained by the opening rollers, there is a strong swirl in the first collecting chamber, but this means that any flakes of fiber that may have fallen into the collecting chamber are also whirled out again, so that ultimately only the heavy parts that lead to considerable malfunctions are in the collecting chamber could be collected.
  • the collecting chamber can be connected to a first disposal channel via a flap or the like. In regular or irregular intervals, the flap can then be opened to the first disposal channel, whereby the foreign matter falls into the first disposal channel, which is disposed of after the flap is closed.
  • the guide plate is preferably designed as an impact wedge which is triangular in cross section, the tip of which is directed upwards. Heavy parts that are pressed outwards due to centrifugal forces hit the impact wedge and fall into the collecting area.
  • the first inlet slot in the fiber material transport direction is limited by an adjustable guide plate running over the entire length of the opening rollers, by means of which the impact angle of the fiber material flow on the impact wedge can be adjusted.
  • a funnel-shaped second collecting chamber is arranged under the grate segments, into which the first collecting chamber and the first disposal channel protrude, a second disposal channel at the lower end of the second collecting space containing the smaller foreign constituents of the fiber material deposited on the grate segments, e.g. Trash, continuously dissipates.
  • Trash the smaller foreign constituents of the fiber material deposited on the grate segments
  • the inlet pipe socket is preferably arranged on the side opposite the disposal channels above the first opening roller.
  • the fiber material falls then vertically from above onto the first opening roller and is moved forward from there in a screwing motion due to the rotational movement of the first opening roller.
  • the opening and cleaning device is provided with a pair of parallel opening rollers 2 and 4 mounted in a housing 3 and parallel to one another in FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the fibers are first fed vertically by the transport air stream 6 vertically through the inlet pipe socket 8 at one end of the first opening roller 2 in the transport direction and supported by a partial air stream 10 without axial flow component of the transport air stream 6 axially along the length of the opening rollers 2.4, which moves with high spirals Rotate speed.
  • the much larger main air flow than partial air flow 9 of the transport air flow 6 flows over the opening rollers 2.4 almost parallel to the opening rollers 2.4 to a horizontally and axially above and between the opening rollers 2, 4 emerging from the housing 3 outlet pipe socket 30, and combines there with the partial air flow 32 resulting partly from the partial air flow 10 and partly generated by the opening roller 4 to the transport air flow 34 for the removal of the cleaned fiber material.
  • the fiber material does not follow the main air flow in the partial air flow 9 due to gravity and inertial forces.
  • the partial air flow 9 is inevitably formed due to the dynamic pressure.
  • the incoming transport air stream 6 has no axial component, but is directed essentially tangentially to the first opening roller in the transport direction.
  • only a partial air stream 10 is inevitably carried along with the fiber material, while the partial air stream 9 deflected in the axial direction remains in a plane above the two opening rollers 2, 4 and almost directly to the outlet pipe socket 30 streams.
  • Due to the only weak axial component of the partial air flow 10, the fiber material can circulate around both opening rollers 2, 4 particularly frequently and can therefore be cleaned particularly intensively.
  • the circulation of the fiber material around the opening rollers 2.4 takes place axially in the form of an 8, the change to the other opening roller 2.4 taking place between the opening rollers 2.4 due to the rotation of the opening rollers 2.4 in the same direction.
  • the axes of the opening rollers 2.4 can also be inclined relative to the horizontal, which influences the number of revolutions of the fiber material can be taken. In an embodiment not shown, the inclination of the axes parallel to one another runs downward on the outlet side.
  • Contaminants separated from the opening rollers 2, 4 fall through grate segments 12, 14 into a funnel-shaped collecting container 16 arranged below the grate segments, from which they can be extracted or removed mechanically via a disposal channel, for example a suction channel 18, in a continuous transport air stream 20.
  • the opening rollers 2, 4 rotate continuously while the fibers are transported along the opening rollers.
  • the first opening roller 2 in the fiber transport direction is provided with needles 22 arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the opening roller and extending radially outward. These needles gently and intensively clean the fiber material as they flow through the cleaning device.
  • the opening roller 4 on the other hand, is provided with pins 24, which are also arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the rollers, with every second row of pins being arranged on an air conveyor bar 26, which serves to increase the air swirl and the amount of air entrained in the opening roller 4. It is provided that the amount of air carried by the air conveying strips 26 is pressed into collecting chambers described later.
  • the needles of the opening roller 2 bring about an improved opening of the fiber material fed in flake form.
  • the cleaned fiber material is transported away in the front side 28 of the housing 3 opposite the inlet pipe socket 8 via the outlet pipe socket 30 in the transport air flow 34 to the next processing stage.
  • the fiber material is conveyed from the opening roller 4 in a partial air flow 32 under the suction effect of the partial air flow 9 to the outlet pipe socket 30 and combined to form the transport air flow 34.
  • the partial air flow 32 is at least partially generated with the aid of the air conveyor strips 26.
  • a baffle wedge 40 with a triangular cross-section with an upwardly oriented tip is arranged in the gusset between the two engagement circles 36, 38 of the opening rollers 2, 4, namely below the axis of rotation of the rollers.
  • the impact wedge 40 runs over the entire length of the opening rollers 2, 4 and parallel to them.
  • a wide inlet slot 42, 44 is provided for the respective opening rollers 2, 4, through which heavy and large-volume foreign components are separated into a collecting space 46.
  • This collecting space 46 also extends over the entire length of the opening rollers and has in its area facing the opening roller 2 a guide plate 48 which is adjustable with respect to the angular position. Both inlet slots 42, 44 are adjustable in width.
  • the collecting space 46 is kept closed at the bottom by two pivotable bottom flaps 52, 54, so that it is sealed against the disposal channel located under the bottom flaps 52, 54.
  • the air entrained by the opening rollers 2, 4 leads in the collecting space 46 to the swirls shown with an arrow in the figures, which, however, are used to the extent that good fibers that have entered the collecting space 46 are also whirled out again, while heavy parts and large-volume parts remain in the collecting space and are disposed of there at predetermined time intervals or as required by opening the flaps 52, 54.
  • the foreign components located in the collecting space 46 initially reach a disposal channel 56, which extends over the entire length of the collecting space 46, from which they can then be removed, for example in an air stream 58, after the flaps 52, 54 have been closed.
  • the opening and cleaning device thus enables heavy parts and large-volume foreign components to be fed separately from the separate collection points separated from the smaller foreign components and trash parts deposited on the grate segments 12, 14.
  • the two disposal channels 18 and 56 are also located in the end face 28 of the opening and cleaning device.
  • the grate segments 12 of the opening roller 2 begin in the direction of rotation at an angle of approximately 45 ° from the Horizontal and end in an angular range between 5 ° and 10 ° behind the vertical. Following this, there may also be a guide plate concentric with the axis of rotation of the opening roller 2, or there may already be the side wall 60 of the collecting space 46, at the end of which facing the opening roller 2, the adjustable guide plate 48 is articulated.
  • the surface 62 of the impact wedge 40 facing the opening roller 4 serves as a guide surface for the foreign components accelerated radially outward due to the impact of the pins 24 of the opening roller 4 and for the air carried by the air conveyor strips 26, the guide surface 62 directly containing these foreign components and the air directs into the collecting space 46 via the inlet slot 44.
  • the air can exit through the inlet slot 42 again from the collecting space 46 and rinse out the light fibers and feed the opening roller 2.
  • the second opening roller 4 likewise has a collecting space 68.
  • the third collecting space 68 is arranged in the direction of rotation following the grate segment 14 and can be disposed of, for example, via an opening in the end wall 28.
  • the collecting space 68 is open to the opening roller 4, a guide plate 70 being arranged in the opening.
  • Two opening slots 72, 74 are formed by the guide plate 70.
  • the air carried by the air conveyor strips 26 can thereby also flow through the collecting space 68 and rinse out fibers that have entered the collecting space, while heavy parts remain therein. Due to asymmetrical arrangement of the guide plate 70, a different dynamic pressure can be generated in the opening slots 72, 74, so that the air can penetrate through one opening slot and exit through the other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

Un dispositif de démêlage et de nettoyage de produits fibreux comprend deux cylindres de démêlage (2, 4) parallèles, agencés horizontalement dans un logement (3) au-dessus de segments de grille (12, 14). Ces cylindres tournent dans le même sens et leurs rayons d'action (36, 38) se touchent presque sur le plan horizontal. Une tubulure (8) d'admission est tangentiellement orientée par rapport à une extrémité du premier cylindre de démêlage (2), dans le sens de transport des fibres, et une tubulure de sortie (30) fait horizontalement saillie hors du logement (3) du côté du logement (3) opposé à la tubulure d'admission (8). Un courant d'air (6, 34) amène ou enlève les produits fibreux par ces deux tubulures. La tubulure d'admission (8) dirige les produits fibreux verticalement sur le côté du premier cylindre de démêlage (2) opposé au deuxième cylindre de démêlage (4), entre le logement (3) et le cylindre de démêlage (2). Le sens de rotation du cylindre de démêlage (2) diverge du deuxième cylindre de démêlage (4) au niveau de l'entrée du produit fibreux et concorde à sa périphérie avec le sens de la chute du produit fibreux le long du logement (3). La tubulure de sortie (30) est agencée axialement entre les cylindres de démêlage (2, 4) et sort du logement (3) au-dessus de ceux-ci (2, 4).

Claims (17)

  1. Procédé de démêlage et de nettoyage de produits fibreux
    - par transport des produits fibreux vers une extrémité du côté entrée d'un dispositif de démêlage et de nettoyage tournant sensiblement horizontalement dans un boîtier, dans un courant d'air de transport entrant dans le boîtier,
    - par circulation multiple des produits fibreux autour du dispositif de démêlage et de nettoyage rotatif, et
    - par transport d'évacuation des produits fibreux nettoyés depuis l'extrémité du côté sortie du dispositif de démêlage et de nettoyage, dans un courant d'air de transport sortant,
    caractérisé en ce
    - que le courant d'air de transport entrant est introduit verticalement d'en haut,
    - que le courant d'air de transport entrant est orienté sur une zone périphérique extérieure entre le dispositif de démêlage et de nettoyage et le boîtier, dans le sens de rotation du dispositif de démêlage et de nettoyage,
    - que, par suite de la pression dynamique se formant dans la zone périphérique, le courant d'air de transport est divisé en un premier courant d'air partiel sans produits fibreux s'étendant au-dessus du dispositif de démêlage et de nettoyage, dévié dans le sens axial et constituant le courant principal et en un second courant d'air partiel sans composante axiale, circulant tangentiellement autour des cylindres de démêlage et entraînant les produits fibreux par suite de l'inertie de masse, et
    - que le premier courant d'air partiel est uni à un courant d'air partiel résultant, à l'extrémité du côté sortie du dispositif de démêlage et de nettoyage, en partie du second courant d'air partiel et en partie de l'effet d'aspiration du premier courant d'air partiel et est utilisé comme courant d'air de transport du côté sortie.
  2. Dispositif de démêlage et de nettoyage de produits fibreux, avec deux cylindres de démêlage (2, 4) tournant dans le même sens, montés parallèlement l'un à l'autre dans un boîtier (3), sensiblement horizontalement au-dessus de segments de grille (12, 14), cylindres dont les cercles de prise (36, 38) se touchent pratiquement sur l'horizontale, avec une tubulure d'entrée (8) orientée tangentiellement sur l'une des extrémités du premier cylindre de démêlage (2) dans le sens de transport des fibres et avec une tubulure de sortie (30) sortant, du côté du boîtier (3) opposé à la tubulure d'entrée (8), horizontalement du boîtier (3), par lesquelles un courant d'air (6, 34) amène, respectivement évacue, les produits fibreux,
       caractérisé en ce
    - que les produits fibreux sont orientés, par la tubulure d'entrée (8), verticalement d'en haut sur le coté du premier cylindre de démêlage (2) éloigné du second cylindre de démêlage (4), entre le boîtier (3) et le cylindre de démelage (2), et
    - que le sens de rotation du cylindre de démêlage (2), dans la zone d'entrée des produits fibreux, s'éloigne du second cylindre de démêlage (4) et, dans la zone périphérique au boîtier (3), coïncide avec le sens de chute des produits fibreux.
  3. Dispositif suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la tubulure de sortie (30) sort du boîtier (3) axialement entre les cylindres de démêlage (2, 4) et au-dessus des cylindres de démêlage (2, 4).
  4. Dispositif suivant la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le premier cylindre de démêlage (2) est pourvu d'aiguilles (22).
  5. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le second cylindre de démêlage (4) dans le sens de transport des fibres est pourvu, au moins en partie, de pointes (24) fixées sur des bandes de transport d'air (26).
  6. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les axes des cylindres de démêlage (2, 4) s'étendent, du côté entrée au niveau de la tubulure d'entrée (8) jusqu'au côté sortie au niveau de la tubulure de sortie (30), inclinés suivant un angle par rapport à l'horizontale.
  7. Dispositif suivant la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les cylindres de démêlage (2, 4) sont, en direction du côté sortie, inclinés vers le bas.
  8. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 2 à 7, caractérisé en ce que sous un déflecteur (40) s'étendant sous les cylindres de démélage (2, 4), dans le coin des cercles de prise (36, 38), sur toute la longueur des cylindres de démêlage (2, 4), est disposée, entre les segments de grille (12, 14) des cylindres de démêlage (2, 4), une première chambre collectrice (46) pour éléments étrangers lourds et volumineux, s'étendant sur la longueur des cylindres de démêlage (2, 4), qui présente, sur le côté longitudinal du déflecteur (40) orienté vers le premier cylindre de démêlage (2), une large fente d'entrée (42) s'étendant parallèlement aux cylindres de démêlage (2, 4).
  9. Dispositif suivant la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la chambre collectrice (46) est reliée, par un clapet (54) ou similaire, à un premier canal d'évacuation (56).
  10. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que le déflecteur (40) se présente sous forme d'un coin de déviation à section de forme triangulaire, dont le sommet est orienté vers le haut.
  11. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé en ce que sous les segments de grille (12, 14) est disposée une seconde chambre collectrice (16) en forme d'entonnoir dans laquelle pénètrent la première chambre collectrice (46) et le premier canal d'évacuation (56), un second canal d'aspiration (18) évacuant en continu, à l'extrémité inférieure de la seconde chambre collectrice (16), les éléments étrangers plus petits des produits fibreux, par exemple des débris. séparés au niveau des deux segments de grille (12, 14).
  12. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 8 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la première fente d'entrée (42) dans le sens de transport des produits fibreux est limitée par un déflecteur (48) réglable s'étendant sur toute la longueur des cylindres de démêlage (2, 4).
  13. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 8 à 12, caractérisé en ce que sur le côté longitudinal du déflecteur (40) orienté vers le second cylindre de démelage (4) est prévue une seconde fente d'entrée (44) s'étendant sur toute la longueur de la chambre collectrice (46).
  14. Dispositif suivant la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que les fentes d'entrée (42, 44) sont réglables en largeur.
  15. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 8 à 14, caractérisé en ce que la tubulure d'entrée (8) amène les produits fibreux verticalement d'en haut sur le coté du premier cylindre de démêlage (2) opposé aux canaux d'évacuation (18, 56).
  16. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 2 à 15, caractérisé en ce qu'au niveau du second cylindre de démêlage (4) est disposée, derrière le segment de grille (14) dans le sens de rotation, une troisième chambre collectrice (68) s'étendant sur toute la longueur du cylindre de démêlage (4) et ouverte vers le cylindre de démêlage (4).
  17. Dispositif suivant la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture de la troisième chambre collectrice (68) est subdivisée par un déflecteur (70), de manière telle que deux fentes d'ouverture (72, 74) sont formées.
EP90913807A 1989-09-27 1990-09-27 Procede et dispositif de demelage et de nettoyage de produits fibreux Expired - Lifetime EP0494181B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3932282 1989-09-27
DE3932282A DE3932282A1 (de) 1989-09-27 1989-09-27 Vorrichtung zum oeffnen und reinigen von fasergut

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0494181A1 EP0494181A1 (fr) 1992-07-15
EP0494181B1 true EP0494181B1 (fr) 1993-12-22

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EP90913807A Expired - Lifetime EP0494181B1 (fr) 1989-09-27 1990-09-27 Procede et dispositif de demelage et de nettoyage de produits fibreux

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5343597A (fr)
EP (1) EP0494181B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH05500540A (fr)
DE (2) DE3932282A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1991005095A1 (fr)

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WO1991005095A1 (fr) 1991-04-18
JPH05500540A (ja) 1993-02-04
US5343597A (en) 1994-09-06
DE3932282A1 (de) 1991-04-04
EP0494181A1 (fr) 1992-07-15
DE59003980D1 (de) 1994-02-03

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