EP0452375A1 - Automatische guttransportvorrichtung mit linearmotorgetriebenen transportelementen. - Google Patents
Automatische guttransportvorrichtung mit linearmotorgetriebenen transportelementen.Info
- Publication number
- EP0452375A1 EP0452375A1 EP90901571A EP90901571A EP0452375A1 EP 0452375 A1 EP0452375 A1 EP 0452375A1 EP 90901571 A EP90901571 A EP 90901571A EP 90901571 A EP90901571 A EP 90901571A EP 0452375 A1 EP0452375 A1 EP 0452375A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- stator
- transport elements
- probes
- transport
- elements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
- H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
- H02K41/03—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors
- H02K41/031—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors of the permanent magnet type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G54/00—Non-mechanical conveyors not otherwise provided for
- B65G54/02—Non-mechanical conveyors not otherwise provided for electrostatic, electric, or magnetic
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for transporting goods, in particular in production sites, with transport elements which can be moved along at least one movement path, and with a linear motor drive device for driving the transport elements, the stator poles arranged in series on the movement path and has permanent magnets arranged in series on the transport elements, characterized by:
- probes arranged on the movement path which respond in the presence of a transport element which is in a specific position relative to the probe location;
- power converters from which coils can be supplied to the stator poles;
- the transport device according to the invention is particularly suitable for moving products during the production process in factories.
- a particularly preferred example is the movement of motor vehicle bodies during their manufacture in a motor vehicle factory.
- the device can be designed for an automatic functional sequence, wherein additional or overlaid control interventions by hand are preferably possible. It is not just a question of the technology of having transport elements driven by linear motors, but the electronic control of the device monitors the observance of certain (minimum) distances between the transport elements and provides precise positioning when the transport elements are stopped at certain ones Points, especially at stations where production processes are to be carried out on the product located on the transport element. For example, there are stations for welding body parts together, for automatically installing parts in the motor vehicle body, for painting the body and the like.
- the transport device is preferably equipped with universal stator pole coils, with which the necessary operating functions of the transport elements, in particular their acceleration, movement at a certain speed, deceleration and precise stopping, are carried out.
- the transport device can be equipped throughout with the same type of coil.
- probes In principle, one can make do with a single type of probe arranged on the movement path.
- the signals supplied by these probes enable the electronic control to perform the switching on and off of the power converters correctly and with the correct sign, as well as the distance monitoring of the transport elements and the exact stopping positioning of the transport elements.
- driving probes which provide signals for the timely switching on and off of the converters
- proximity probes which provide signals for the distance control of the driving elements
- Positioning probes which provide signals for the precise stopping of the driving elements.
- probes are preferred which respond to the magnetic fields of magnets on the transport elements. Hall probes are a typical example.
- the probes can respond to the permanent magnets of the linear motor drive device which are present anyway on the transport elements. However, one can also provide separate permanent magnets on the transport elements to which the (various) probes respond. Furthermore, it is possible to provide different influencing means on the transport elements for responding to different types of probes as they belong to the prior art, for example mirrors and optical sensors or the like.
- FIG. 1 shows a detail of a transport device to illustrate a linear motor drive device for transport elements and the basic functioning of an electronic control therefor;
- Figure 2 shows a short section of the linear motor drive device of Figure 1 on a larger scale to illustrate the technical structure.
- FIG. 3 is a detailed, another
- Embodiment of an electronic control for a transport device Embodiment of an electronic control for a transport device.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a transport element 2 which can be moved along a movement path 4, for example on the floor of a factory hall.
- a row of permanent magnets 6 extending along the transport element 2 with changing polarity and constant pitch 8 is fastened.
- a concrete example is about 30 to 50 permanent magnets 6 and a length of the permanent magnet row of 3 to 5 m.
- a plurality of stator elements 10 are arranged one behind the other along the movement path.
- Each stator element 10 contains a plurality of stator poles 12 and coils 14 in the longitudinal direction of the movement path (cf. FIG. 2).
- a concrete example is approximately 8 to 12 stator poles 12 per stator element 10 and a length of the stator element 10 of approximately 0.8 to 1.2 m. Within each stator element 10 there is the same pole pitch 8 as in the permanent magnet row. At the transition from each stator element 10 to the adjacent stator element, the pole pitch is somewhat larger than within the stator element 10.
- the stator poles 12 belonging to a stator element 10 are called a stator pole group, and the coils 14 belonging to a stator element 10 are called a coil group.
- the permanent magnets 6 consist of Sm-Co material or of Fe-Nd material or of ferrite material. Such permanent magnet materials have a magnetic conductivity such as air, preferably a relative permeability of 1 to 2, so that smaller deviations of the air gap 18 from the design air gap width, for example due to deviations of the hall floor 4 from an exactly flat extension or due to the compression of the Tires of wheels 16 or same have no significant effects on the drive power of the linear motor drive device.
- the width of the air gap 18 is approximately 10 mm.
- a converter 20 is provided, which in each case briefly supplies current to the coils 14 of the stator element 10 connected in series, with an alternating current direction.
- the current intensity flowing through the associated converter 20 is lower than if the coils 14 were connected in parallel.
- the six power converters 20 shown are connected in parallel to one another to a common power supply.
- the power supply has a mains rectifier 22, a choke 24 and a capacitor 26 for smoothing, and a switching power supply 28.
- the switching power supply 28 supplies one or more auxiliary voltages which are lower than the power supply voltage and which are required by the converters 20.
- the area between the power supply and the converters 20 is referred to as DC intermediate circuit 30.
- the six stator elements 10 shown together represent a stator section 32.
- a Hall probe 34 is assigned to each stator element 10 of this stator section 32 on the movement path 4 and responds to the magnetic fields of the permanent magnets 6 of the transport element 2.
- the Signals from the probes 34 form the basis for electronic control of the linear motor drive device 36.
- the electronic control has an electronic motor control unit 38 which, based on the signals from the probes 34, controls the switching on and off of the converters 20 in the correct and signed manner.
- Superordinate to the motor control units 38 of a plurality of current sections 32 is a microprocessor control unit 40, which performs additional control functions which will be explained in more detail below.
- a microprocessor control unit 40 is assigned a programmable controller 42.
- An operating unit 44 is connected to the programmable controller 42.
- the linear motor section 32 composed of six stator elements 10, the motor control unit 38 with the associated probes 34, the six power converters 20 and possibly the associated power supply together form a power unit.
- Several such power units are connected to the microprocessor control unit 40 and the programmable logic controller 42, so that the entire linear motor drive device 36 is formed in this way.
- the signals from the probes 34 can also form a basis for controlling the desired distances between the individual transport elements 2 on the movement path 4.
- the control option is mentioned as an example that the microprocessor control unit 40 only permits the stator section 32 to be switched on again when the transport element 2 in question has left the stator section 32 in question.
- probe 34 also provide the basis for a precise stopping of the transport element 2 in question, for example by interrupting the power supply when passing the last permanent magnet 6 or by triggering a braking device, for example when passing the tenth permanent magnet of the transport element 2.
- the "distance control" and the "brake control” can be assigned to the microprocessor control unit 40.
- FIG. 1 shows a brake chopper 46 connected to the DC voltage intermediate circuit 30 and this is followed by one or more braking resistors 48.
- the energy released when the relevant transport element 2 is decelerated or braked is transferred via the brake chopper 46 destroyed in braking resistor 48.
- the network rectifier 22 being designed as a two-way rectifier.
- the individual converters 20 are switched on and off with a time delay due to the time-shifted signals of the probes 34.
- the frequency of the signals of the probe 34 determines the speed of the transport element and the required time offset, for example in the motor control unit 38 or in the microprocessor.
- Control unit 40 can be calculated.
- all the coils 14 of a stator element 10 under consideration are connected to a common converter 20 and thus form a coil group switched with the same phase.
- stator elements 10 it is possible to form in-phase or almost in-phase coil groups connected to a common converter 20 in a different type of interconnection.
- the offset between the stator elements 10 is selected such that the stator element 10 arranged on the far left in the middle stator section 32 and the stator element 10 arranged on the far left in the adjacent stator section 32 have a total offset of one or two permanent magnet divisions 8 (or a multiple thereof) has, for example, the two foremost coils 14 of these two stator elements 10, possibly also further analog stator elements 10, connected to a common converter 20.
- stator pole groups or coil groups which are distributed more apart along the movement path 4. As a result, if one converter 20 fails, the drive function of the device is less disturbed.
- the power supply described does not have to be provided separately for each power unit described, consisting essentially of an electronic motor control unit 38 and a number of power converters 20, although this can be recommended, for example, for high, installed drive powers. It is quite possible to have a common power supply for several Stator sections 32 or also to be provided for the entire linear motor drive device of the entire movement path 4.
- the power units described can be provided decentrally, for example essentially spatially assigned to the respective stator section 32. Alternatively, it is possible to arrange the power units centrally or in groups and to connect them electrically to the individual stator sections 32.
- each transport element 2 interacts with four stator elements 10 in terms of drive.
- the design is such that three stator elements 10 already provide the design drive power, one of the four converters 20 or one of the four stator elements 10 can fail, and the design drive power is nevertheless retained. With even higher demands on operational readiness, an even stronger over-installation can be carried out.
- the motor control unit 38 or the microprocessor control unit 40 contains a setpoint speed information for the speed of movement of the transport elements 2. With this setpoint speed information, the actual speed information acquired via the probes 34 is continuously compared, and the control of the converters 20 is carried out by the latter Comparison made dependent.
- driving programs are stored in the microprocessor control unit 40, for example, which differ in the acceleration, deceleration or movement speed of the transport elements 2.
- a desired one of these driving programs can be selected in each case by means of the programmable logic controller 42 or the operating unit 44.
- the microprocessor control unit 40 switches to generator operation of the stator elements 10.
- the consequent voltage in the DC intermediate circuit 30 supplies the switching power supply 28 in question and maintains the voltage supply to the motor control unit 38 and the microprocessor control unit 40 via the lines 56, practically until the transport element 2 or the transport elements 2 come to a standstill at a further regulated distance are.
- stator pole 12 that only every second stator pole 12 is provided with a coil 14 or that an unwound stator pole 12 is present in front of and behind each stator pole provided with a coil 14.
- Those stator poles 12, which are also coil cores, are in a magnetically conductive connection with the unwound stator poles 12.
- Adjacent stator elements 10 are magnetically separated from one another.
- the coils 14 are placed as prefabricated units over the corresponding stator poles and fastened there.
- 3 illustrates a more refined electronic control.
- Each of the five stator sections 32 shown has - which is not particularly shown - six coil groups or stator elements 10.
- An electronic motor control unit 38 is assigned to each stator section 32.
- the motor control unit 38 is connected to the microprocessor control unit 40 by a bus connection (data busbar).
- the motor control units 38 and the microprocessor control unit 40 are connected to brake request electronics 52, which in turn, like the microprocessor control unit 40, are connected to the programmable logic controller 42.
- Each stator section 32 in turn has six travel probes 34a (only three being indicated in the drawing), the signals of which form the basis for the correct switching on and off of the converters with the correct sign.
- Each stator section 32 is assigned six converters corresponding to the number of stator elements 10 contained, which are not shown separately.
- Each stator section 32 is also assigned a proximity probe 34b, the signals of which are fed to the programmable logic controller 42 and form the basis for a brake release due to the transport elements being too close together.
- a positioning probe 34c is provided on each stator section 32 (only shown for one stator section 32), the signals of which are fed to the relevant motor control unit 38. Based on the signals from the positioning probe 34c, a transport element 2 can be positioned in cooperation with the brake request electronics 52. to be stopped right there. It is also possible to provide a fine control for the last piece of movement around the positioning point.
- the positioning probe 34c preferably does not respond to the permanent magnets 6, but rather to a separate positioning magnet 54, which is indicated in FIG. 1.
- control functions are concentrated which are related to the environment of the manufacturing site, for example reaction to malfunctions in the delivery of the product to the transport device, changeover to another product series or the like.
- the path of movement of the transport device can be endlessly closed or open with a start end and a end end. Even curved trajectories are easily manageable. It is understood that the ' transport elements 2 are laterally guided, if necessary, for example magnetically by the linear motor drive device, by lateral guide wheels or by the fact that the wheels 16 described run in channel-like depressions. It is possible, for example, for the transport elements 2 to move to the exact stopping position synchronously in all five stator sections 32, even if the individual transport elements 2 are transporting different product masses and there are different movement resistance conditions.
- the design is such that there is at least a distance of the length of a stator element 10 between the individual transport elements 2, so that each stator element 10 interacts at most with one transport element 2 at each point in time under consideration.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Linear Motors (AREA)
- Linear Motors (AREA)
- Non-Mechanical Conveyors (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT90901571T ATE84009T1 (de) | 1989-01-10 | 1990-01-09 | Automatische guttransportvorrichtung mit linearmotorgetriebenen transportelementen. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3900511 | 1989-01-10 | ||
DE3900511A DE3900511A1 (de) | 1989-01-10 | 1989-01-10 | Automatische guttransportvorrichtung mit linearmotorgetriebenen transportelementen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0452375A1 true EP0452375A1 (de) | 1991-10-23 |
EP0452375B1 EP0452375B1 (de) | 1992-12-30 |
Family
ID=6371810
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90901571A Expired - Lifetime EP0452375B1 (de) | 1989-01-10 | 1990-01-09 | Automatische guttransportvorrichtung mit linearmotorgetriebenen transportelementen |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0452375B1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2045557A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE3900511A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1990008086A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10889449B2 (en) | 2017-09-25 | 2021-01-12 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Transport system and manufacturing method of article |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2736176B2 (ja) * | 1991-02-14 | 1998-04-02 | 株式会社東芝 | リニアモータ駆動エレベータの制御装置 |
DE4305274A1 (de) * | 1993-02-20 | 1994-09-01 | Krauss Maffei Ag | Langstator-Linearmotor |
WO1996027544A1 (de) * | 1995-03-06 | 1996-09-12 | Sig Schweizerische Industrie-Gesellschaft | Vorrichtung zum transportieren von produkten zwischen verschiedenen stationen |
DE19512523A1 (de) * | 1995-04-03 | 1996-10-10 | Daimler Benz Ag | Transportelement |
KR100372952B1 (ko) * | 1995-04-03 | 2003-06-18 | 체겔레크 아에게 안라겐- 운트 아우토마티지룽스테크닉 게엠베하 | 전기공급및데이터전송부를갖는트랙-유도형이송장치 |
DE19733547C2 (de) * | 1997-08-02 | 2003-12-18 | Noell Crane Sys Gmbh | Steuerung und Positionserfassung von Förderanlagen mit Linear-Synchronmotoren-Antrieb |
TNSN00088A1 (fr) | 1999-04-26 | 2002-05-30 | Int Paper Co | Systeme et methode a mouvement variable |
DE10025351A1 (de) * | 2000-05-23 | 2001-11-29 | Wittenstein Gmbh & Co Kg | Hub-/Schwenkantrieb |
DE10256203A1 (de) * | 2002-11-30 | 2004-06-09 | Stefan Eickenberg | Weiche für Transportvorrichtung |
DE102004027905A1 (de) * | 2004-06-09 | 2005-12-29 | Leybold Optics Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Transport von Substraten |
DE102004037622A1 (de) * | 2004-08-02 | 2006-02-23 | Leybold Optics Gmbh | Prozesssystem sowie Vorrichtung zum Transport von Substraten |
DE102005013349A1 (de) * | 2005-03-23 | 2006-10-05 | Bosch Rexroth Aktiengesellschaft | Linearmotor und Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Linearmotors |
ATE544228T1 (de) | 2008-10-31 | 2012-02-15 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur steuerung eines linearen bewegungssystems |
EP2182621B1 (de) | 2008-10-31 | 2012-06-06 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung eines linearen Bewegungssystems |
EP2182628A1 (de) | 2008-10-31 | 2010-05-05 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung eines linearen Bewegungssystems |
GB2485759B (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2015-08-26 | Baa Ip Holdco Ltd | Transport |
EP2746201B1 (de) * | 2012-12-21 | 2015-09-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Förderung von Trägern in einer Maschine |
DE102012025326B4 (de) * | 2012-12-22 | 2022-01-20 | Festo Se & Co. Kg | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines elektromagnetischen Transportsystems und elektromagnetisches Transportsystem |
CA3078825A1 (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2019-04-18 | Velocity Magnetics, Inc. | Using linear synchronous motors for retarding linear motion and conveying systems |
CN113541435B (zh) * | 2021-06-29 | 2022-09-06 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | 分布式直线电机推进系统及供电方法 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3787716A (en) * | 1972-02-16 | 1974-01-22 | Aerospace Corp | Linear pulsed d.c. motor and controls therefor |
JPS59138523A (ja) * | 1983-01-25 | 1984-08-09 | Hitachi Kiden Kogyo Ltd | リニアモ−タによる搬送物の移送制御方法 |
DE3414312A1 (de) * | 1984-04-16 | 1985-10-24 | Magnet-Motor Gesellschaft für magnetmotorische Technik mbH, 8130 Starnberg | Elektrisch gesteuerter elektromotor |
GB2185720B (en) * | 1986-01-27 | 1989-11-01 | Daifuku Kk | Conveyor system utilizing linear motor |
JP2501808B2 (ja) * | 1986-12-19 | 1996-05-29 | 株式会社東芝 | 磁気浮上式搬送システム |
DE3722524A1 (de) * | 1987-06-06 | 1988-12-22 | Krause Johann A Maschf | Fertigungsstrassen sowie verfahren zur fertigung von werkstuecken auf derselben |
-
1989
- 1989-01-10 DE DE3900511A patent/DE3900511A1/de not_active Ceased
-
1990
- 1990-01-09 CA CA002045557A patent/CA2045557A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-01-09 DE DE9090901571T patent/DE59000699D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-01-09 EP EP90901571A patent/EP0452375B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-01-09 WO PCT/EP1990/000043 patent/WO1990008086A1/de active IP Right Grant
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9008086A1 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10889449B2 (en) | 2017-09-25 | 2021-01-12 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Transport system and manufacturing method of article |
US11702295B2 (en) | 2017-09-25 | 2023-07-18 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Transport system and manufacturing method of article |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59000699D1 (de) | 1993-02-11 |
EP0452375B1 (de) | 1992-12-30 |
CA2045557A1 (en) | 1990-07-11 |
WO1990008086A1 (de) | 1990-07-26 |
DE3900511A1 (de) | 1990-07-12 |
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