EP0427840B1 - Vorrichtung zur elektrokinetischen entsalzung von mauerwerken - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur elektrokinetischen entsalzung von mauerwerken Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0427840B1
EP0427840B1 EP90908410A EP90908410A EP0427840B1 EP 0427840 B1 EP0427840 B1 EP 0427840B1 EP 90908410 A EP90908410 A EP 90908410A EP 90908410 A EP90908410 A EP 90908410A EP 0427840 B1 EP0427840 B1 EP 0427840B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
buffer material
separator layer
layer
electrode
buffer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90908410A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0427840A1 (de
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Dipl.-Ing.Dr.Techn. Steininger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Steininger Karl-Heinz Dipl-Ingdrtechn
Original Assignee
Steininger Karl-Heinz Dipl-Ingdrtechn
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/70—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents
    • E04B1/7007—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents by using electricity, e.g. electro-osmosis

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and an anode arrangement for the electrokinetic desalination of masonry according to the preambles of claims 1 and 6.
  • Wall salts are mostly hygroscopic and therefore absorb water from the air depending on the air humidity. This increase in volume of the salt crystals causes high hydration pressures, which in turn destroy the porous building material.
  • Electrophysical drying processes based on the principle of electroosmosis in porous masonry can only work if a sufficient zeta potential can form between the pore wall and the electrolyte. Excessive concentrations of soluble salts hinder the formation of this zeta potential and drainage by electroosmosis becomes impossible. For this reason, the walls must be largely desalinated before using electroosmosis.
  • the principle of salt removal from the masonry is based on the use of electrokinetic charge separation.
  • Ion transport in masonry is considerably slower, but is still sufficient to desalinate masonry in an acceptable period of time.
  • the known methods for electrokinetic desalination of masonry mostly use metal anodes, which are broken down corrosively and whose liquid corrosion products are removed from the masonry by a plastic channel.
  • FR-A-2 552 797 discloses a device for such electrokinetic desalination of masonry using a combined electrode consisting of a plastic shell, steel rod, cover plate, outflow opening and burnt lime, which are in predrilled, outwardly inclined holes in the Masonry.
  • the shell or the trough is arranged in the hole, the hole is filled with the burnt lime and the electrode rod, which is preferably made of steel, is pushed through the cover plate into the masonry so that it is surrounded by the burnt lime all around.
  • the saline solution can drain off through the trough.
  • the electrode consists of an iron electrode, on which there is a dimensionally stable layer of a bound mixture of calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate, a plastic channel for the removal of the salt solutions formed being connected directly to the electrode via a sleeve.
  • US-A-3 856 646 describes an arrangement for the electroosmotic dewatering of damp structures, the positive electrode being designed as a cylinder with a conductive electrode embedded in a depolarizing material.
  • FR-A-2 346 511 (3) discloses an arrangement for drying and keeping buildings water-free, consisting of electrical metal conductors, optionally insulated from the masonry, in the form of thin foils, sheets, metal wire nets, grids or bars.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a device for the electrokinetic desalination of masonry, the operation of which eliminates the disadvantages inherent in the known desalination processes.
  • the handling and installation of such a device should be simple and inexpensive, and in particular, prefabricated electrodes or electrode arrangements should also be able to be used in a manner known per se.
  • the separator layer consists of a microporous and possibly ion-selective membrane.
  • the main advantage of this design is that the arrangement of the separator layer creates a barrier against the diffusion of the reaction products back into the masonry.
  • the separator layer should lie against the immobilizing buffer material layer at least wherever the masonry is directly adjacent, so that the migration of the ions to the electrode also takes place exclusively via the separator layer.
  • the electrode is optimally protected from excessive corrosion by the buffer material layer as far as possible.
  • the invention further relates to an anode arrangement with an electrode completely surrounded by a buffer material, apart from the connection ends, for use in such a device for the electrokinetic desalination of masonry, wherein there is a separator layer on the buffer material layer, and the anode arrangement is characterized in that the separator layer consists of a microporous and possibly ion-selective membrane.
  • Fig. 1 shows a desalination device with a plurality of anodes 2 laid in boreholes in the wall 1, which are wired together.
  • the anodes 2 are each completely surrounded by an ion-immobilizing buffer material layer except for their connection ends; this, in turn, is enclosed by a separator layer which directly adjoins the borehole walls.
  • a DC voltage is applied to a cathode, in this case an earth rod 4, via a current source 3.
  • a desalination device is shown schematically in FIG. 2, in which flat anodes 5 are arranged on the wall 1.
  • the anodes each of which is completely embedded in ion-immobilizing buffer material, are in turn wired together and connected to a current source 3, a direct voltage being applied to an earth rod 4.
  • the separator layer lying against the buffer material layer is arranged only on the surface facing the wall.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cartridge-shaped anode arrangement 6 which is particularly suitable for laying in drilled holes in the masonry to be desalinated.
  • the core of the anode arrangement is formed by a metal, preferably copper, conductor 7, which is coated with conductive plastic 8.
  • a layer 9 of a buffer material is arranged around this core, which chemically and physically binds the reaction products.
  • the buffer material essentially comprises water, Ca (OH) 2, CaCO3 and / or CaO or mixtures thereof, an addition of a gelling agent being advantageous. This has an immobilizing effect and is moisture-retaining, so that there is no risk of the area around the anode drying out.
  • the layer of the buffer material is completely enclosed by a separator layer 10 formed from a microporous membrane, which in the installed state of the anode arrangement adjoins the wall of the borehole in a borehole in the masonry.
  • the anode assembly 11 is rod-shaped. This arrangement is particularly suitable for laying in wall slots.
  • the electrode 12, which in turn consists of a metal conductor covered with conductive plastic, is enclosed all around except for its two connection ends by the buffer material layer 13, which is covered on the outside by the separator layer 14. This then adjoins the walls of the anode arrangement in a wall slot in the assembled state.
  • the electrode 17 which is formed from a metal conductor coated with conductive plastic, is embedded in the buffer material layer 18 in the form of serpentine windings which extend over the entire surface of the anode arrangement.
  • the separator layer 19 is arranged on the side of the buffer material layer facing the wall.
  • the anodes can be designed as rod, strip or surface electrodes and consist of metal, graphite, conductive plastic or of metal conductors or graphite fiber conductors coated with such an electrode.
  • the buffer material essentially comprises Water, Ca (OH) 2, CaCO3 and / or CaO or mixtures thereof, an addition of a gelling agent being advantageous. This has an immobilizing effect and is moisture-retaining, so that there is no risk of the area around the anode drying out.
  • all commercially available, but preferably agar-agar or carboxymethyl cellulose can be used as the gelling agent.
  • the Coulombsche The efficiency of the anion (wall salt) conversion at the anode was between 40 and 50%, depending on the degree of salinization and the moisture content of the masonry. After a period of 60 days, the 40 grams of CaCO3 had been consumed and the electrodes could be removed from the wall with the reaction products. Analysis showed that over 90% of the reaction products were bound to the electrode.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Insulators (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
EP90908410A 1989-05-30 1990-05-30 Vorrichtung zur elektrokinetischen entsalzung von mauerwerken Expired - Lifetime EP0427840B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT1307/89 1989-05-30
AT0130789A AT394409B (de) 1989-05-30 1989-05-30 Vorrichtung zur elektrokinetischen entsalzung von mauerwerken

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0427840A1 EP0427840A1 (de) 1991-05-22
EP0427840B1 true EP0427840B1 (de) 1993-08-18

Family

ID=3511056

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90908410A Expired - Lifetime EP0427840B1 (de) 1989-05-30 1990-05-30 Vorrichtung zur elektrokinetischen entsalzung von mauerwerken

Country Status (19)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0427840B1 (lt)
AT (2) AT394409B (lt)
CA (1) CA2033167A1 (lt)
CZ (1) CZ285180B6 (lt)
DD (1) DD294750A5 (lt)
DE (1) DE59002386D1 (lt)
DK (1) DK0427840T3 (lt)
ES (1) ES2044595T3 (lt)
HR (1) HRP921231B1 (lt)
HU (1) HU209897B (lt)
LT (1) LT3290B (lt)
LV (1) LV5314A3 (lt)
PL (1) PL163847B1 (lt)
RU (1) RU1834960C (lt)
SI (1) SI9011062A (lt)
SK (1) SK280162B6 (lt)
UA (1) UA13472A (lt)
WO (1) WO1990015203A1 (lt)
YU (1) YU106290A (lt)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9208921D0 (en) * 1992-04-24 1992-06-10 Isis Innovation Electrochemical treatment of surfaces
EP0612365B1 (fr) * 1992-06-15 2001-02-28 ORTLIEB, Mathieu Procede et dispositif pour eliminer l'humidite des murs d'une construction
DE4235583A1 (de) * 1992-10-22 1994-05-05 Tridelta Ag Anode für die elektroosmotische Sanierung von Bauwerken und Verfahren zum Betrieb solcher Anoden
US5451677A (en) * 1993-02-09 1995-09-19 Merck & Co., Inc. Substituted phenyl sulfonamides as selective β 3 agonists for the treatment of diabetes and obesity
DE10202764A1 (de) * 2002-01-25 2003-08-07 Fischer Christel Verfahren und Anordnung zum Entfeuchten eines Mauerwerks
FR2846571B1 (fr) * 2002-11-06 2006-05-26 Francois Chasteau Procede d'assechement par electro-osmose d'un milieu poreux et electrodes pour sa mise en oeuvre

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3856646A (en) * 1967-09-19 1974-12-24 D Morarau Methods and electrodes for the drying of damp buildings
NL7603539A (nl) * 1976-04-03 1977-10-04 Halle Hoch & Montagebau Veb Werkwijze voor het van vocht bevrijden en droog houden van bouwkundige constructies.
DD231236A3 (de) * 1983-10-04 1985-12-24 Bauakademie Ddr Vorrichtung zur trocknung von naessegeschaedigtem mauerwerk
DD234997A3 (de) * 1983-10-04 1986-04-23 Adw Ddr Elektrodenanordnung zur elektrochemischen entsalzung undtrocknung von mauerwerk

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
UA13472A (uk) 1997-02-28
EP0427840A1 (de) 1991-05-22
DK0427840T3 (da) 1993-10-11
DE59002386D1 (de) 1993-09-23
ATA130789A (de) 1991-09-15
CZ285180B6 (cs) 1999-06-16
ATE93291T1 (de) 1993-09-15
PL163847B1 (pl) 1994-05-31
DD294750A5 (de) 1991-10-10
CZ264390A3 (cs) 1999-01-13
RU1834960C (ru) 1993-08-15
WO1990015203A1 (de) 1990-12-13
SK280162B6 (sk) 1999-09-10
CA2033167A1 (en) 1990-12-01
LV5314A3 (lv) 1993-10-10
HRP921231B1 (en) 1999-04-30
HRP921231A2 (en) 1995-08-31
ES2044595T3 (es) 1994-01-01
SI9011062A (en) 1997-08-31
HU905208D0 (en) 1992-08-28
HU209897B (en) 1994-11-28
SK264390A3 (en) 1994-04-06
LT3290B (en) 1995-06-26
LTIP513A (en) 1994-11-25
HUT62357A (en) 1993-04-28
AT394409B (de) 1992-03-25
YU106290A (sh) 1994-04-05

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