EP0419415B1 - Procédé et appareil pour le nettoyage fin des fibres textiles - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour le nettoyage fin des fibres textiles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0419415B1
EP0419415B1 EP90810706A EP90810706A EP0419415B1 EP 0419415 B1 EP0419415 B1 EP 0419415B1 EP 90810706 A EP90810706 A EP 90810706A EP 90810706 A EP90810706 A EP 90810706A EP 0419415 B1 EP0419415 B1 EP 0419415B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lap
opening roller
cleaning
fibre
roller
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Revoked
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EP90810706A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0419415A1 (fr
Inventor
Heinz Schelb
Paul Staeheli
Ulf Schneider
Jürg Faas
Robert Demuth
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Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
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Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
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Priority claimed from CH281290A external-priority patent/CH682495A5/de
Priority claimed from CH298090A external-priority patent/CH683529A5/de
Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Rieter AG
Publication of EP0419415A1 publication Critical patent/EP0419415A1/fr
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G9/00—Opening or cleaning fibres, e.g. scutching cotton
    • D01G9/14—Details of machines or apparatus
    • D01G9/20—Framework; Casings; Coverings; Grids
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G9/00—Opening or cleaning fibres, e.g. scutching cotton
    • D01G9/14—Details of machines or apparatus

Definitions

  • the invention is in the field of spinning machines, it relates on the fine cleaning of textile fibers and relates to a process and a device for performing the method according to the preambles of the independent claims.
  • Textile fibers especially cotton fibers
  • the Bales undergo a rough cleaning during which the rough contaminants be removed.
  • the Fine cleaning during which if possible all after the rough cleaning in the Fibers remaining dirt particles should be removed.
  • the fibers go to the next preparation stage of spinning, e.g. B. for carding.
  • the fine cleaning must be set up so that it consists of fibers each Provenance, if possible, removed all the dirt particles contained therein, without affecting the quality of the fibers and without remove larger amounts of fiber together with the dirt.
  • Fibers of different origins differ in the following Characteristics:
  • Fiber length The fiber length should not be influenced during cleaning.
  • Fiber strength The fiber strength is not affected during cleaning. The higher the fiber strength, the more aggressively can be cleaned without the fibers being damaged.
  • Fiber parallelism The more parallel the individual fibers lie to each other, the more uniform the voids between the fibers and the easier the fibers can be separated from each other.
  • Degree of pollution There are pollution particles between the fibers.
  • the degree of soiling is determined by the number and type of soiling particles.
  • the pollution particles can be large or small compared to the size of the cavities in the flakes, they can be heavy or light compared to the weight of the fibers and they can be trapped in the cavities of the flakes, adhering to the fibers or loosely the flakes or fibers may be mixed.
  • DE-A-3 702 588 discloses a device with a separating knife, the Distance with respect to a rotating roller by means of a drive device is adjustable.
  • a completely different type of machine are cleaning processes for ginning or Egrenieren of the cotton.
  • US-A-2,952,881 describes a machine (lint cleaner) for cleaning when washing cotton with a spring-loaded feed device, here lumps of fibers distributed by means of a toothed roller and pressed onto a main roller, so that from the fixed grate bars only the coarsest impurities such as shell parts, stem remnants, etc. are removed. A fine cleaning this device cannot be used in a spinning mill.
  • US-A-3 854 170 describes a cleaning machine with an adjustable one Pressing device on a rapidly rotating toothed roller for centrifuging foreign material by centrifugal force. This is also a cleaning process Ginnen, which is suitable for later cleaning stages, in particular for fine cleaning, not suitable.
  • Cleaners and cleaning processes when ginning (egrenating) the cotton DE-C-37 11 640 and DE-C-37 34 145 show a fine cleaning machine with a storage chute. wherein a non-woven fabric or a fiber mat is formed for feeding into the cleaner.
  • the fiber mat is by means of a feed device with a feed roller and a trough plate an accelerating roller is supplied which connects the mat to an opening roller forwards.
  • the fiber mat is attached to a cleaning device on the acceleration roller passed with knives.
  • the opening roller is with others Cleaning devices and a carding element.
  • It is an object of the invention to provide a method for the fine cleaning of textile fibers specify and create a device with which a wide Spectrum of fiber provenances (different fiber qualities and different Degrees of soiling) can be optimally intensively cleaned in this way, that the degree of cleaning and the impairment of the fibers are optimal Card sliver or yarn is adjusted.
  • the setting options the machine parameters relevant for the cleaning process must be large, and the switch from a fiber provenance to others must be quick and with little effort, if possible also during of the process flow can be made.
  • the cleaning parameters must be from the outside, without manual intervention the machine. Entry into the fine cleaning machine and Suction of cleaned fibers and dirt must be set up in this way be that they do not interfere with the cleaning process at any time.
  • FIG. 1 shows the schematic of the fine cleaning method according to the invention with the individual method stages and arranged below them schematic sectional views of those parts of the fine cleaning device in which the method stages take place.
  • the fibers go through all cleaning stages.
  • the fiber flow is indicated by shaded arrows. Runs in every stage a cleaning process. It is either fibers of fibers and loosen fibers of pollution particles or pollution particles effectively separate from the fibers.
  • purification stages either dissolution stages (dissolution of the confusion), from which no pollution particles are removed, or are Separation stages, from which depending on the separation process, different contamination particles be dissipated (in the scheme by double, not shaded Arrows indicated).
  • the fiber flow between cleaning stages goes through at least one stock transfer stage, that is one Stage in which the fibers are detached from the transport teeth of the opening roller, relocated and captured again by the transport teeth.
  • a rearrangement stage can also be a separation stage be.
  • cleaning is determined by a number of cleaning parameters p x , which are indicated by simple arrows in the process diagram and in the schematic drawings of the process steps.
  • each cleaning parameter p x is due on the one hand to the characteristics of the fiber proven being processed and on the other hand to the setting of a number of other cleaning parameters p x in the other cleaning stages involved.
  • Optimal cleaning of the fibers of a certain provenance or a provenance mixture is achieved by a set of cleaning parameters p x that corresponds exactly to this provenance or provenance mixture.
  • the cleaning parameters p x are set according to the characteristics of the fiber provenance. This roughly orientating, initial setting is finely optimized during the start-up period in accordance with the properties of the fiber and dirt components arising from the machine during this period by means of a regulating adjustment.
  • the initial setting according to fiber provenance and immediately afterwards the onset of optimization brings the start-up loss (not optimally cleaned Fiber content from the start-up phase) to a minimum.
  • the fine cleaning process can only work optimally if it does not is exposed to aerodynamic disturbances. Therefore, it brings in particular Advantages if for the discharge of impurities from the fine cleaning machine a method is used in which the suction the contaminants are separated from the cleaning room in such a way that none Bad air can interfere with cleaning.
  • Cleaning stage 1 (sieving and compression, separation stage) : Flakes from the coarse cleaning machine are usually fed into the fine cleaning machine. In cleaning stage 1, which is also the inlet to the machine, they are sucked onto a sieve with an air stream. Small, loose dirt particles in particular pass through the sieve with the air, while the fibers are held back by the sieve and compressed into a wad of cotton, which is a loose connection of individual flakes. The cotton wool moves continuously from the inlet to the next cleaning stage.
  • the amount of fibers p 1 fed determines the performance of the fine cleaning machine. All cleaning parameters following p 1 should be set so that optimal cleaning is still possible with a maximum of fibers fed in. The highest possible amount of fibers p 1 fed in is determined, inter alia, by the degree of contamination of the fibers, by the production specification and by the impairment of the fibers.
  • the air throughput through the separating element p 2 determines the compactness of the cotton wool produced on the screen. This compactness affects the strain on the fibers when plucking in the following cleaning stage 2, since the fibers hold more together in a more compact wadding and the warping process is thereby opposed to a higher resistance. At the same time, the air throughput through the separating element p 2 determines the performance and the effect of cleaning on the sieve. The air throughput through the separating element p 2 should not exceed the value at which fibers begin to be torn through the sieve with the dirt particles.
  • Cleaning stage 2 pre-warping by plucking, dissolution stage:
  • the cotton wool emerging from cleaning stage 1 is passed through a converging gap, at the end (clamping point) of which it is clamped. After this clamping, at the so-called take-over point, it is gripped by the teeth of the central opening roller. Since the teeth of the opening roller have a higher speed than the cotton wool fed in, the teeth are pulled apart or warped when they are taken over by the teeth. This plucking process increases the resolution of the cotton wool and partially parallelizes the fibers. Loose, adhering and trapped dirt particles are loosened by the movement of the fibers against each other and partially transported to the surface of the pre-warped cotton wool. The pre-drawn cotton is guided to cleaning stage 3 on the teeth of the opening roller.
  • the speed of the central opening roller p 3 is the most influential cleaning parameter. It has a determining influence on cleaning levels 2 to 6. When the cotton is taken over by the teeth of the opening roller (cleaning level 2), it determines the thickness of the pre-drawn cotton together with the quantity p 1 fed in. In the subsequent cleaning stages, he determines the centrifugal force that is used as a cleaning force. The greater the speed of the opening roller, the thinner the pre-drawn cotton and the easier it can be cleaned in the following cleaning stages. However, this has its limits due to the fiber impairment when the peripheral speed of the opening roller is too high.
  • the distance between the clamping point and the take-over point p 4 and the clamping force p 12 determine how strongly the fibers dissolve during the take-over and are also subjected to tensile loads and thereby impaired. If the take-over point and the clamping point are too close to one another (or if the distance between the take-over point and the clamping point p 4 is smaller than the average length of the pile), too much of the fiber must be pulled through the clamping point when plucking the cotton. If the clamping force p 12 is high, the fibers are more parallelized when plucking and adhering dirt particles are better removed from the fibers, but the tensile load on the fibers is correspondingly high.
  • the distance between the clamping point and the take-over point p 4 and the clamping force p 12 should therefore be set as a function of the stack length and as a function of the strength of the fibers to be cleaned, so that the resolution of the fibers is as high as possible, but the fibers are subjected to as much stress as possible survive less impairment of quality.
  • Cleaning stage 3 centrifugation, separation stage: The teeth of the opening roller guide the pre-drawn cotton to and through cleaning stage 3. It is centrifuged, that is, it is expanded radially and, above all, large, heavy dirt particles are moved radially outwards. During this centrifuging or spinning process, the cotton is deflected inward against the centrifugal force or centrifugal force by means which restrict its radial expansion (guide elements). This deflection causes an additional accumulation of dirt particles in the outer surface layer of the cotton. This section with a radial boundary is followed by a section without a radial boundary, on which loose dirt particles can move away from the cotton surface, while trapped and adhering particles can move beyond the cotton surface. This is followed by a separating blade in the direction of transport, under which the cotton is passed so that its outermost layer, most enriched with dirt particles, is separated.
  • the strength of the deflection towards the inside p 5 determines how much (in addition to the effect of the centrifugal force) dirt particles accumulate in the outer surface of the cotton wool, but at the same time it also determines how strongly the cotton wool is compressed radially. Since the dirt particles can be removed less easily from a more compressed cotton wool, the deflection towards the inside can only be strong if, at the same time, a long section without radial limitation p 6 (see below) ensures that the cotton wool is separated from the Separating blade has enough time to expand radially again. p 5 can be selected the higher, the thinner the cotton emerging from cleaning stage 2.
  • the length of the route section without radial limitation p 6 determines how strongly the cotton wool and the dirt particles are separated radially from one another. For the following effective separation on the separating blade, it is advantageous if the previous separation is as large as possible. However, since dirt particles caught and adhering in a large separation tear fibers from the flake with them, an excessive separation must be avoided.
  • An optimal setting of the length of the second section of the route means that loose dirt particles separate completely from the flake, while adhering and trapped particles are only driven straight over the surface of the flake. This optimal setting primarily depends on the thickness and compression of the cotton. The thinner and less compressed the cotton is, the shorter the route section should be.
  • the radial position of the separating blade p 7 determines where to separate between the cotton and the amount of dirt. With an optimal setting, the separating blade will move exactly over the cotton wool surface and thus separate the already free dirt particles purely spatially and the dirt particles adhering to the flake surface by mechanical action. If the blade position is too high, too little dirt particles are removed, if it is too deep, too many fibers are torn from the flake and removed with the dirt particles.
  • the optimal setting of the radial position of the separating blade depends on the cotton wool carried out under the blade, so it must above all be precisely matched to the two other cleaning parameters p 5 and p 6 of this cleaning stage.
  • Cleaning level 4 parallelization by carding, dissolving level: In cleaning level 4, the pre-drawn and centrifuged cotton is pulled through the teeth of the opening roller under a carding plate. The fibers are essentially parallelized and rubbed against each other at the same time. Trapped dirt particles are released by the parallelization, adhering dirt particles are detached from the fibers by rubbing. The flakes, along with the dirt particles, are taken to the next cleaning stage.
  • the depth of penetration of the card clothing p 8 must first and foremost correspond to the thickness of the cotton fed into the carding stage, which means that it is primarily dependent on the cleaning parameters p 3 , p 5 , p 6 and p 7 of cleaning level 3
  • Depth of penetration of the card clothing p 8 into the cotton the achievable degree of parallelization and thus the degree of separation between fibers and dirt particles.
  • the deeper the clothing penetrates the higher the degree of parallelization and cleaning, but also the higher the stress on the fibers.
  • the optimal setting of the parameter p 8 thus also depends on the characteristics of the fiber provenance, on the speed of the opening roller p 3 and on the parallelism of the fibers achieved up to that point.
  • the degree of parallelization and opening that can be achieved at this stage can be improved if the depth of penetration of the card clothing is increased as the card progresses.
  • the intensity of the carding p 9 is thus continuously increased so that the carding is carried out with increasing degree of parallelization with the maximum permissible stress on the fibers.
  • the optimal setting of the gradient of the carding intensity depends on the same parameters as the setting of the depth of penetration of the card clothing p 8 .
  • Cleaning stage 5 (relocation and separation stage) : From the takeover point, where the fiber wadding is taken over by the teeth of the opening roller, it is moved through the individual cleaning stages as described by the movement of these teeth.
  • the degree of parallelism and the degree of soiling of the fiber material change, as previously described, especially in the areas of the cotton wool that are further away from the opening roller and between the teeth. Close to the surface of the opening roller and where the teeth carry the fiber material changes less because the fibers are pressed against the teeth by the pull. It can now be seen that the cleaning effect of the cleaning process is improved if a rearrangement step is carried out at a point between other cleaning steps, in which the arrangement of the fibers is changed in particular in relation to the teeth that transport them.
  • the three cleaning parameters p 13 , p 14 and p 15 must be coordinated with one another in such a way that the cleaning effect of the cleaning stages following the rearrangement stage is highly possible, but that the parallelization of the fibers achieved up to that point is lost only to a tolerable extent as a result of the rearrangement goes.
  • Cleaning level 6 centrifugation, separation level: The cleaning level 6 corresponds in its cleaning function and in its cleaning parameters exactly to cleaning level 3.
  • the cleaning parameters should be set in this way in this cleaning stage cleaning is slightly more aggressive than in the cleaning stage 3, because it is important to separate the heavy pollution particles, also at the risk of fibers being carried away. Heavy dirt particles that are not in this cleaning stage are separated, the fine cleaning with the cleaned fibers leave.
  • Cleaning stage 7 (sieving, separation stage): In the cleaning stage 7, the cotton is passed past another separation device, by means of which fiber dust, which may have formed through the fiber processing, is removed.
  • the separating device can consist of a grate, a sieve or a slotted plate, which is advantageously subjected to vibration with a small amplitude. This deflection from the rest position can be generated positively or can result from the air flow as a membrane vibration.
  • the fiber material is briefly sucked onto a sieve, from which it is held back, while small, loose dirt particles in particular can pass through the sieve.
  • the vibrating pad causes the fiber layer to be detached and transported in the conveying direction before the fibers are briefly sucked in again. In this way, the long fibers are separated from dust and possible fiber fragments.
  • the air throughput through the separating element is optimally adjusted if as much dust and dirt as possible but as few fibers as possible are extracted.
  • the conveying effect due to the "membrane vibration" is usually sufficient, so that in most cases no forced vibration is necessary.
  • the parameter values p 11 which are set such that the conveying of the fiber material along the exit shaft is sufficient.
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the device for the cleaning stage 1.
  • the inlet consists of a channel 21 through which outside air and fed-in flakes are sucked in.
  • the material flow W is supported by the rotation of a blind drum 22 and the rotation of a sieve drum 23.
  • the air is sucked out through the sieve drum 23.
  • the cotton wool forming on the sieve drum 23 moves with the sieve surface and is fed from there to the cleaning stage 2.
  • the speed of the air flow p 2 is set via the power of the suction.
  • 3.1 shows an embodiment of the device for cleaning stage 2, namely a variant with an adjustable distance between the clamping point and the take-over point p 4 , but a non-adjustable clamping force.
  • the cotton wool W detaching from the sieve drum 23 of the inlet is guided by a take-off roller 31 and then by a feed roller 32 into the converging gap between the feed roller 32 and a feed trough 34.
  • the point between the feed roller 32 and the outlet edge 33 of the feed trough 34, ie the narrowest point of the clamping gap is called the clamping point.
  • the toothed feed roller 32 conveys the cotton through the clamping gap and through the clamping point to the take-over point on the opening roller 24 (also called opening roller or opening roller), ie up to where the cotton is gripped by the teeth 24.1 of the opening roller 24, and in the form of a pre-drawn cotton wool is transported further.
  • the direction of rotation of the feed roller 32 and the opening roller 24 are such that the cotton does not have to change its direction when it is taken over by the opening roller 24, which is called synchronous feed (if the direction of rotation of the opening roller 24 were to take place in the other direction, the feed device from would remain the same speak a counter-current feed).
  • the feed trough 34 is movable relative to the feed roller 32 in such a way that it can be pivoted in a guide about the axis of rotation of the feed roller 32 when the feed roller 32 is in its normal working position or in the inoperative position set to the feed trough.
  • This guide is explained in more detail with Fig. 3.2 described later.
  • the distance between the terminal point and the takeover point p 4 becomes a variable machine parameter that can be set from the outside.
  • the feed roller 32 is in turn pivotable about the axis of rotation of the Opening roller 24 is arranged, which in turn is stationary. This is the Distance between feed roller 32 and feed trough 34, that is the clamping gap changeable clamping point.
  • This pivotability is supported on a compression spring 35 between a swivel arm 36 and a Swivel lever 37 on which the feed roller 32 from its working position can be deflected so that the clamping gap against the spring force can be widened compared to its minimum width.
  • This broadening the nip by deflecting the feed roller 32 is used on the one hand, for the initial insertion of the cotton wool, for the gap to be able to enlarge something between feed roller 32 and feed trough 34, and on the other hand, to prevent a Dikken change from occurring in the cotton wool by a sudden increase in Clamping force in the nip is torn from the opening roller.
  • the Clamping force is determined by the spring constant of spring 35.
  • a spring housing 100 which serves to receive a compression spring 101, is fastened to a pivot lever 37 pivotally attached to the pivot arm 36.
  • a pressure piston 102 which presses against the compression spring 101 and which is fastened to the free end of the piston rod 103, projects into the spring housing 100.
  • the piston rod 103 is part of a pressure cylinder 104, which in turn is pivotally attached to a stationary support 106 by means of a pivot pin 105.
  • the pressure cylinder 104 is supplied with pressure via a pressure control valve 109 and a pressure line 107, which pressure is emitted from a pressure medium source 110.
  • the pressure control valve 109 can be set by means of a pressure setting element 111 (symbolically represented by an arrow) to a desired pressure in the pressure line 107 can be set, based on what is on this line connected pressure gauge 108 can be read.
  • the Pressure adjustment element 111 can either be a manually operated one Rotary knob or the pressure control valve 109 can be designed so that the pressure setting element 111 remotely controlled (not shown) and, if necessary automatically by a controller, not shown can be adjusted.
  • the compression spring 101 can be more or less pretensioned, so that the clamping force p 12 acting on the fiber wadding W at the narrowest point between the feed trough 34 and the feed roller 32 (nip point), that is to say on the properties of the fibers to be cleaned matched, can be adjusted.
  • Feed tray 34 is in the variant shown in Fig. 3.2 with the help of Guide track 112 and the guide pin 113 and 114 at least schematically shown by the guide bolts 113 and 114 in a stationary Housing part 116 are embedded, so that the feed trough 34 in Frame of the guideway 112 and the position of the guide pin 113 and 114 according to the arrow directions 117 about the axis of rotation of the feed roller can be pivoted.
  • a fixing screw 115 which on the Feed tray 34 presses.
  • the stationary housing part 116 is, as indicated by the dashed lines is inserted in a recess (groove) of the feed trough 34 in such a way that the feed trough 34 in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper the figure is guided in both directions.
  • the feed trough 34 is moved manually, but it can also be a Possibility to move them remotely (not shown).
  • FIG. 3.3 shows a variant of FIG. 3.2 according to the invention, in that a trough plate 120 (also called a food trough) is pivotably mounted on a support 122 by means of a pivot pin 121.
  • the carrier 122 is in turn guided by means of a guide track 123 and guide bolts 124 and 125 such that the carrier 122 together with the trough plate 120 can be pivoted about the axis of rotation of the feed roller 32 in accordance with the arrow directions 139.
  • the guide bolts 124 and 125 are embedded in a support 127, which is also a guide for the carrier 122 in the direction perpendicular to the paper plane of the figure. It should be noted that there is an upper and lower support (seen with a view of FIG.
  • Both supports 122 each rest on the corresponding surface of the support 127, so that the support 122 together with the trough plate 120 is guided in both directions in the direction perpendicular to the paper plane.
  • the carrier 122 can be fixed by means of a fixing screw 126 which is embedded in the support 127.
  • the support 127 is an integral part of a stationary machine part 128.
  • a pressure cylinder 129 the piston rod of which is attached to each carrier 122 130 is provided with a pressure piston 131, which on a Compression spring 132 presses, which in turn is guided in a spring housing 133 which in turn is attached to the trough plate 120.
  • the impression cylinder 129 is via a pressure control valve 136 and a pressure line 134 supplied with pressure so that the pressure piston 131 compress the spring 132 can.
  • the desired pressure is analogous to that for the valve 109 of FIG. 3.2 described by means of a pressure setting element 137 set to a pressure readable by means of the manometer 135.
  • the pressure control valve 136 is powered by a pressure medium source 138 loaded.
  • 4.1 shows an embodiment of the device for cleaning stages 3 and 6 with all its components. It is an embodiment with two separating blades and three guide elements.
  • the so-called impact circle S On the outer circumference of an opening roller 24 with a toothed surface 24.1, the so-called impact circle S, is the fiber wadding to be cleaned moved in the direction of the bold arrows through the cleaning stage.
  • the cotton In the direction of transport, the cotton is already in front of this cleaning stage was subjected to the centrifugal force and in the result the pollution particles have concentrated in the outer zone, first carried out under a guide element 410.1.
  • the guide element protrudes into the transport route and directs the cotton wool towards the inside, i.e. against the centrifugal force, and thereby reinforces the radial separation the cotton wool in pollution and fibers.
  • the guiding element follows in the direction of transport of the fibers a cutting blade 49.1.
  • the cotton wool will performed under this separating blade and thereby into a fiber and separates a proportion of pollution.
  • the separating blade 49.1 is followed in Direction of transport a second guide element 410.2, a second separating blade 49.2 and then a third guide element 410.3.
  • 4.1 also shows three levers 42, 44 and 46, by means of which the three distances can be set by means of a motor drive. If the lever 42 is moved around a pivot point B, as indicated by dash-dotted lines in the diagram, the entire device moves away from the impact circle, that is to say p 7 and p 5 become larger to the same extent.
  • the drawn position of the lever 42 and the separating blades 49.1 and 49.2 is the position closest to the impact circle.
  • 4.2 shows the device for cleaning stages 3 and 6 from a viewing direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the opening roller 24. From this it can be seen how the device according to the invention is arranged on the end face of the opening roller.
  • the front of the opening roller is covered by a shield 411. That for the actuation of the adjustment of guide elements and separating blades required leverage, which is detailed in the following figures is to be described, is on the side facing away from the opening roller Side of the shield 411 attached.
  • the separating blades 49.1 and 49.2 as well the guide elements 410.1, 410.2 and 410.3 extend parallel to the axis the opening roller 24 over its entire length. Neither separating blades nor Guiding elements are visible in Figure 4.2. However, the three are visible Bolt pairs L1 / M1, L2 / M2 and L3 / M3, which are the connection between the Manufacture the lever mechanism and the guide elements 410.1, 410.2 and 410.3. Also visible are the two pairs of bolts J1 / K1 and J2 / K2, which the Connect the lever mechanism with the separating blades 49.1 and 49.2.
  • the bolts L1 / M1, L2 / M2, L3 / M3 and J1 / K1, J2 / K2, as well as B, C, G, I, H and E are generally represented by dash-dotted lines in the figures.
  • lever mechanism shown in mirror image corresponding lever mechanism appropriate.
  • the lever mechanism is composed of three sub-devices, each for setting a cleaning parameter p 5 , p 6 or. p 7 .
  • the part device for the radial adjustment of the whole device includes the lever 42 and a plate 43 on which all other parts of the device are mounted.
  • the intermediate device 45 for adjusting the radial position of the guide elements 410.1, 410.2 and 410.3 includes an intermediate lever 45 and a transverse lever 48.
  • the auxiliary device for adjusting the distance between the guide elements and separating blades (p 6 ) also includes the lever 46 a cross lever 47.
  • Fig. 4.3 shows the sub-device for setting the distance between the entire device and the impact circle S (setting p 7 and p 5 together).
  • Bolt C is rotatably mounted on plate 43 and connects it to lever 42.
  • lever 42 is pivoted about bolt B rotatably mounted on plate 411, plate 43 moves in the above-mentioned guides.
  • Fig. 4.4 shows the sub-device for setting the distance between the guide elements 410.1, 410.2 and 410.3 and the impact circle S (setting p 5 ). This distance is primarily given by the position of the plate 43 relative to the impact circle S, but can still be increased independently of this position.
  • the guide elements 410.1, 410.2 and 410.3 are coupled to the cross lever 48 by the bolt pairs L1 / M1, L2 / M2 and L3 / M3.
  • the cross lever 48 is in turn coupled to the intermediate lever 45 by the bolt I.
  • the intermediate lever 45 is pivotally connected to the lever 44 by the bolt G.
  • Fig. 4.5 shows the sub-device for adjusting the distance between each guide element 410.1 rsp. 410.2 and a cutting blade 49.1 rsp. 49.2 (setting of p 6 ).
  • the bolt pairs L1 / M1 rsp. L2 / M2 (and also L3 / M3) connect the guide elements 410.1 rsp. 410.2 (and also 410.3) also with the cross lever 47.
  • the cross lever 47 does not follow the movement that is triggered by the lever 44 (see Fig. 4.4), since the bolts L1, M1, L2, M2, L3 and M3 in the slide corresponding radial slots U.M1, U.L1, U.M2, U.L2, U.M3, U.L3 in the cross lever 47.
  • Cross lever 47 is connected by bolt I to lever 46 which is pivotable about bolt G. If lever 46 is pivoted about bolt G, bolt I moves in its guide V on intermediate lever 45 on a concentric circle to impact circle S. Bolts G and E slide in corresponding slots in plate 43 (visible in FIG. 4.3). The lever 47 follows the movement and is guided by the bolt H in the corresponding slot T in the plate 43.
  • the guide elements 410.1 rsp. 410.2 (and 410.3) are thus on a circle concentric to the circumference of the opening roller 24 in the direction against the corresponding separating blades 49.1 rsp. 49.2 postponed. Her radial position is not changed relative to the opening roller 24 and relative to the separating blades 49.1 and 49.2.
  • Fig. 4.6 shows the plate 43, the lever 42 with the bolt B and the intermediate lever 45 and the pairs of bolts L1 / M1, L2 / M2 and L3 / M3, which push through the plate 43 and the shield 411, the places where the Bolt pairs J1 / K1 and J2 / K2 are fastened on the side of the plate 43 facing away from the lever mechanism, the bolt C, which is rotatably mounted in the plate 43, the bolts G, E and H, which are guided in corresponding guides in the plate 43 and the bolt I, which is rotatably mounted in the intermediate lever 45.
  • FIG 5 shows an embodiment of the device for cleaning stage 4, a carding plate 51.
  • the depth of penetration of the card clothing 52 into the wadding (cleaning parameter p 8 ) is set by varying the distance between the carding plate 51 and the opening roller 24, by shifting on the radius extension of the opening roller 24.
  • the gradient of the carding intensity (cleaning parameter p 9 ) is set by rotating the entire carding plate 51 around the pivot point A.
  • the passage gap (wedge-shaped) thus becomes divergent or convergent in the direction of travel
  • the front edge 51.1 of the carding plate 51 be designed as a separating blade and in connection with the preceding Cleaning level (group of guide elements and separating blades) Take on the role of a third separating blade.
  • 6.1 (a and b) schematically show two embodiments of the device for the rearrangement stage (cleaning stage 5).
  • the figures show a section of the opening roller 24, cut perpendicular to its axis, with teeth 24.1.
  • the device for the rearrangement step 620.1 rsp. 620.2 attached on the side of the fiber wadding opposite the teeth 24.1, the device for the rearrangement step 620.1 rsp. 620.2 attached. It has a slot-shaped nozzle 622.1 rsp, which runs parallel to the axis of the opening roller. 622.2 and a brake plate 623.1 arranged in the direction of transport of the fiber wadding immediately behind the nozzle. 623.2 and a baffle 630.1 rsp. 630.2, which also each extend over the entire width of the opening roller 24.
  • the nozzle 622.1 rsp is used for the first phase of the rearrangement. 622.2, is blown through the air against the teeth 24.1.
  • 622.2 is along its entire length, for example with an air supply duct 621 connected, which in connection with Figures 6.2 and 6.3 will be described in more detail.
  • Figures 6.la and 6.1b show the nozzle 622 in two possible embodiments: the nozzle 622.1 is designed in such a way that it generates an air jet the transport direction forms an acute angle (Fig. 6.1a), while the air jet from the nozzle 622.2 perpendicular to the surface of the opening roller 24 is directed (Fig. 6.1b).
  • the different angles between the air jet from the nozzles 622.1 rsp. 622.2 and the general direction of transport are not significant Has an impact on how the relocation works.
  • the second phase of the process i.e. the movement of the fiber material away from the means of transport and braking on the opposite Side
  • the brake plate 623.1 is broken through in the embodiment of FIG. 6.1a, for example perforated, and arranged above a suction channel 624, so that Air can be drawn through the holes, making the aerodynamic Force is generated against the braking surface 612.1.
  • the suction channel 624 extends under the brake plate 623.1 over the whole Width of the transport roller and is related to the figures 6.2 and 6.3 described in more detail.
  • the ratio of through the nozzle 622.1 is air blown in and extracted by the brake plate 623.1 an adjustable variable of the relocation point. It can do more or less Air is blown in as to be extracted or the same. If more If air is sucked out, a negative pressure is created above the braking surface 612.1 and there are also dirt particles through the holes in the brake plate 623.1 sucked in, that is, the relocation takes over in in this case, in addition to their relocation function, also a cleaning function.
  • FIG. 6.1b Device does not have a broken, but a continuous Brake plate 623.2 on.
  • the one directed against the braking surface 612.2 aerodynamic force in this case is only from the surface the opening roller 24 and especially reflected by the teeth 24.1 Air is generated from the nozzle 622.2.
  • the braking on the braking surface 612 is caused by friction between the Fiber material and the braking surface caused and supported by the Openings in the brake plate 623.1 or through special surface design a continuous brake plate 623.2, for example with Grooves perpendicular to the general direction of transport.
  • a continuous brake plate 623.2 for example with Grooves perpendicular to the general direction of transport.
  • the Fibers are not only braked, but held on are special Precautions advantageous.
  • Figure 6.2 shows top views of embodiments of the device for the rearrangement stage according to Figures 6.1a and 6.1b, but without guide plate 630. They are perpendicular to the axis of the opening roller 24 and directed towards the exit of the rearrangement point. The direction of rotation of the opening roller 24 is indicated by a vertical arrow on the visible side of the roller.
  • 6.2a shows the embodiment with a broken brake plate 623.1 and suction channel 624 (according to FIG. 6.1a).
  • the suction channel 624 is designed against the one end face of the opening roller with a cross section that increases uniformly or in steps.
  • the suction channel 624 is connected to a suction unit (not shown), on the other end face it can have a false air opening 640, which can be provided with an adjustable throttle 641. Enough purge air is let in through this false air opening so that any dirt that is sucked in is transported out of the suction channel 624 without being separated out.
  • the air supply duct 621 is shown with the slot-shaped nozzle 622.1. The air supply duct 621 is also connected to a corresponding fan or the like (not shown) on one end of the opening roller 24.
  • the cross section of the air supply channel 621 also increases over the width of the transport roller against the connection to the fan, so that the wind speed out of the nozzle 622.1 away from the fan remains essentially the same despite the ever smaller amount of wind.
  • a variant of this would be to make the wind tunnel so spacious that it has a wind chamber characteristic so that the air speed from the nozzle 622.1, which is very narrow relative to the feed channel, is constant over the entire length of this nozzle.
  • such an embodiment appears to be disadvantageous especially for use in a fine cleaning machine because of its large space requirement.
  • FIG. 6.2b shows, as the same top view as FIG. 6.2a, that embodiment of the device for the rearrangement stage that has an uninterrupted brake plate 623.2 and therefore no suction channel but only one air supply channel 621. Everything that has been said for this air supply duct in connection with FIG. 6.2a also applies to this embodiment.
  • FIG. 6.3 now shows in detail a top view of a device according to the invention cut in the region of the end face of the opening roller facing away from the connections, seen parallel to the axis of the opening roller.
  • the opening roller itself is not shown, the general direction of the fiber flow is indicated by a long arrow.
  • the device again has an air supply duct 621 with a slot-shaped nozzle 622.1 and a suction duct 624 which is closed off by the perforated brake plate 623.1. Both channels have a cross-section that increases in size towards the end face of the transport roller.
  • means 650.1 and 650.2 are also shown in this figure, with which the two sub-devices for the two process phases are fastened to one another and to the machine frame.
  • Fig. 7 shows an embodiment of the device for the cleaning stage 7, the exit of the cotton from the fine cleaning machine.
  • fiber fragments mainly dust
  • the sieve effect is achieved by a separating element 61, on which the cotton is driven on by its own movement.
  • the separating element 61.1 which has a perforated perforated plate that delimits the channel 62, with a suction channel 63.1
  • the separating element 61.2 which also has an perforated perforated plate that also delimits the channel 62, but which opens into the feed drum 23 and has a suction channel 63.2 arranged there .
  • a delimitation is drawn in dashed lines which, of course, is not adequately shaped in terms of flow technology, as shown here. It is only intended to show that various embodiments ultimately find the aim of the method according to the invention, for example the difference in the energy to be used for the process.
  • a schematically illustrated device for the Ejection of the collected dirt particles from the cleaning stages 3, 5 and 6, working in the direction of gravity at the bottom of the machine is arranged.
  • the Swiss patent application No. 2613/89 the content of which is referred to as known is assumed.
  • the in the above patent application claimed device for ejecting the fiber exit from a Fiber cleaning machine is equipped with means that allow in a catch basin constantly to get a layer of finish that as Lock layer between the interior of the machine and the outside serves. This lock layer prevents interference with the aerodynamic cleaning process due to incorrect air from the ejection device.
  • An embodiment variant of the output, which is effectively depicted in FIG. 8 is that the collected pollution particles with a constantly running lock roller 72 from the cleaning system ejected and then vacuumed. So from the suction of the Contamination particles no false air gets into the cleaning system suction is perpendicular to the direction of discharge of the lock roller 72 arranged.
  • the different drums and rollers are powered by 3 primary drives 73 driven.
  • the main motor 73.1 has a frequency converter provided and drives the opening roller 24.
  • the second engine 73.2 also with frequency converter drives the screen drum 23, the blind drum 22, the take-off roller 31 and the feed roller 32.
  • the speeds the two motors can be set independently of each other, that is in other words, the ratio of the peripheral speeds of the The ratio of the rollers driven by the second motor remains constant the peripheral speeds of these rollers to the peripheral speed the opening roller 24, however, is variable.
  • the third engine that in FIG. 8 is not shown, the lock roller 72 drives.
  • Possible variants of the fine cleaning machine shown in FIG. 8 consist in that the cleaning levels 3, 4, 5 and 6 are not in the order shown in the transport direction of the cotton are.
  • the carding level after the Relocation follows, or only after cleaning level 6 is.
  • the carding level can also be missing.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Claims (31)

  1. Procédé utilisé pour le nettoyage fin de fibres textiles de différentes provenances, et leur transfert vers une carde d'une filature, dans lequel une nappe de fibres est formée et transférée vers un rouleau d'ouvraison par un dispositif d'alimentation, la nappe de fibres est alors soumise à une force centrifuge et est ensuite guidée devant au moins un couteau de séparation, tout en maintenant la force centrifuge, de telle manière que des zones de face latérale possédant des impuretés sont séparées
    caractérisé par le fait que
    la nappe de fibres est comprimée entre un rouleau d'alimentation et une auge d'alimentation du dispositif d'alimentation, et pincée avec une force de pincement dans un lieu de pincement,
    que, par étirage entre le lieu de pincement et un lieu de transfert de fibres situé sur le rouleau d'ouvraison dans lequel le rouleau d'ouvraison réceptionne les fibres, la nappe de fibres est amenée dans une position de fibres essentiellement étirée,
    et que l'étirage est réalisé en fonction des fibres, par le fait que la distance comprise entre le lieu de pincement et le lieu de transfert des fibres est réglable et choisie en dépendance des caractéristiques de la provenance des fibres.
  2. Procédé selon revendication 1,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    la quantité de fibres alimentée est également choisie en fonction des fibres à travailler.
  3. Procédé selon revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    la vitesse du rouleau d'ouvraison est choisie en fonction des fibres à travailler.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    les sens de rotation du rouleau d'alimentation et du rouleau d'ouvraison sont tels que, lors du transfert sur le rouleau d'ouvraison, la nappe ne doit pas changer sa direction.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    la force de pincement, exercée entre le rouleau d'alimentation et l'auge d'alimentation, est choisie en fonction des fibres à travailler.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    la nappe est comprimée par le fait qu'elle est guidée à travers une auge de compression qui s'amincit dans la direction de transport de la nappe, et est pincée à la sortie de cette auge de compression, sur laquelle se trouve un lieu de pincement.
  7. Procédé selon revendication 6 et revendication 5,
    caractérisé par le fait que,
    dans le lieu de pincement, la force de pincement avec laquelle la nappe est pincée, est dépendante de la résistance des fibres.
  8. Procédé selon l'une revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    ladite distance est agrandie ou diminuée par le déplacement du lieu de pincement en relation avec le lieu de transfert de la nappe sur le rouleau d'ouvraison.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8,
    caractérisé par le fait que,
    après le processus d'étirage dépendant des fibres, et avant un processus de séparation, la nappe préétirée est déviée radialement vers l'intérieur, en sens inverse à la direction de la force centrifuge.
  10. Procédé selon revendication 9,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    la déviation de la nappe, en sens inverse à la direction de la force centrifuge, est obtenue par le passage de la nappe devant des éléments de guidage réglables qui sont introduits dans le trajet de transport.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé par le fait que,
    dans une étape ultérieure de procédé, la nappe, préétirée et soumise à l'effet de la force centrifuge, est cardée pour la parallélisation des fibres, et, par cela, est postétirée.
  12. Procédé selon revendication 11,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    des fibres de la nappe sont parallélisées par postétirage, à l'aide d'un processus d'étirage de la nappe qui n'est pas dépendant de la longueur des fibres.
  13. Procédé selon revendication 12,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    l'étirage de la nappe qui n'est pas dépendant de la longueur des fibres, est réalisé à l'aide d'un élément de cardage.
  14. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 11 à 13,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    des zones de face latérale de la nappe postétirée, possédant les impuretés qui étaient chargées par étirage et centrifugation, sont séparées.
  15. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    les fibres de la nappe sont transposées entre deux étapes de nettoyage.
  16. Dispositif utilisé pour le nettoyage fin de fibres textiles de différentes provenances et leur transfert vers une carde d'une filature, avec des moyens qui produisent une nappe de fibres à partir des flocons de fibres qui lui sont amenés, et qui comprennent un moyen d'alimentation de nappe, un rouleau d'ouvraison (24), et des moyens d'ouvraison et de séparation ayant au moins un couteau de séparation (49.1, 49.2) réglable, travaillant en relation avec le rouleau d'ouvraison,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    les moyens d'alimentation de nappe comprennent un lieu de pincement formé entre un rouleau d'alimentation (32) et une auge d'alimentation (34), de sorte que la nappe de fibres est comprimée entre le rouleau d'alimentation et l'auge d'alimentation, et peut être pincée avec une force de pincement dans le lieu de pincement, que, par rapport au rouleau d'ouvraison, le lieu de pincement est disposé de telle manière que la nappe de fibres est étirée par épluchage et réceptionnée par le rouleau d'ouvraison, dans un lieu de transfert de fibres situé sur le rouleau d'ouvraison, et où les moyens de séparation font suite au lieu de transfert, dans la direction de transport sur la circonférence de rouleau d'ouvraison (24), et que le lieu de pincement est réglable, et où la distance comprise entre le lieu de pincement et le lieu de transfert de fibres est choisie d'une manière réglable en fonction des caractéristiques de la provenance des fibres.
  17. Dispositif selon revendication 16,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    la quantité de fibres alimentée est également réglable.
  18. Dispositif selon revendication 16 ou 17,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    la vitesse du rouleau d'ouvraison est également réglable.
  19. Dispositif selon revendication 16, 17 ou 18,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    la force de pincement, exercée entre le rouleau d'alimentation et l'auge d'alimentation, est également réglable.
  20. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 16 à 19,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    le lieu de pincement est formé par l'endroit situé entre le rouleau d'alimentation (32) et l'arête de sortie (33) de l'auge d'alimentation (34).
  21. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 16 à 20,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    les sens de rotation du rouleau d'alimentation (32) et du rouleau d'ouvraison (24) sont tels que, lors de la réception par le rouleau d'ouvraison (24), la nappe de fibres ne doit pas changer sa direction.
  22. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 16 à 21,
    caractérisé par le fait que,
    pour le réglage du lieu de pincement, l'auge d'alimentation (34) est mobile par rapport au rouleau d'alimentation (32).
  23. Dispositif selon revendication 22,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    l'auge d'alimentation (34) peut être pivotée autour de l'axe de rotation du rouleau d'alimentation (32).
  24. Dispositif selon revendication 23,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    le mouvement de l'auge d'alimentation (34), par rapport au rouleau d'alimentation (32), s'effectue lorsque le rouleau d'alimentation (32) se tient dans sa position normale de travail.
  25. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 16 à 24,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    le rouleau d'alimentation (32) est disposé d'une manière pi-votable autour de l'axe de rotation du rouleau d'ouvraison (24).
  26. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 16 à 25,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    la distance comprise entre le lieu de pincement et le lieu de transfert représente un paramètre de machine réglable depuis l'extérieur.
  27. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 16 à 26,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    le moyen de séparation comprend au moins deux couteaux de séparation (49.1, 49.2), que des éléments de guidage réglables (410.1, 410.2, 410.3) sont, en outre, disposés sur la circonférence du rouleau d'ouvraison (24) entre ou devant, et entre les couteaux de séparation (49.1, 49.2), lesquels dévient la nappe radialement vers l'intérieur, contre la force centrifuge, et que des moyens sont prévus pour le réglage des éléments de guidage.
  28. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 16 à 27,
    caractérisé par le fait que,
    sur la circonférence du rouleau d'ouvraison (24), et dans la direction de transport, une étape d'ouvraison supplémentaire, sous forme d'une plaque de cardage (51), fait suite au moyen de séparation.
  29. Dispositif selon revendication 28,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    l'arête frontale (51.1) de la plaque de cardage (51) est formée comme couteau de séparation supplémentaire.
  30. Dispositif selon revendication 28 ou 29,
    caractérisé par le fait que
    la distance comprise entre la plaque de cardage (51) et le cercle d'action du rouleau d'ouvraison (24) est réglable.
  31. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 16 à 30,
    caractérisé par le fait que,
    sur la circonférence du rouleau d'ouvraison (24), et dans la direction de transport, un lieu de transposition fait suite au moyen de transport.
EP90810706A 1989-09-21 1990-09-18 Procédé et appareil pour le nettoyage fin des fibres textiles Revoked EP0419415B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (12)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH345289 1989-09-21
CH345289 1989-09-21
CH3452/89 1989-09-21
CH281290 1990-08-29
CH281290A CH682495A5 (de) 1990-08-29 1990-08-29 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Anspeisen einer Faserwatte an eine Auflösewalze.
CH2812/90 1990-08-29
CH2980/90 1990-09-13
CH298190 1990-09-13
CH298090A CH683529A5 (de) 1990-09-13 1990-09-13 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Umlagern von auf Zähnen transportierten Faserflocken.
CH2981/90 1990-09-13
CH298090 1990-09-13
CH298190 1990-09-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0419415A1 EP0419415A1 (fr) 1991-03-27
EP0419415B1 true EP0419415B1 (fr) 1999-08-04

Family

ID=27428507

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90810706A Revoked EP0419415B1 (fr) 1989-09-21 1990-09-18 Procédé et appareil pour le nettoyage fin des fibres textiles

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5123145A (fr)
EP (1) EP0419415B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH03241016A (fr)
DD (1) DD299322A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE59010880D1 (fr)

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US2827667A (en) * 1957-01-04 1958-03-25 Ennis E Moss Sr Bat reversing lint cleaner
US4102017A (en) * 1976-03-08 1978-07-25 Foerster Process Systems, Inc. Cotton lint cleaner
DE3702588A1 (de) * 1986-04-22 1987-10-29 Truetzschler & Co Vorrichtung an einer karde, reinigungsmaschine o. dgl. fuer baumwollfasern mit mindestens einem einer walze zugeordneten ausscheidemesser

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012012254A1 (de) * 2012-06-22 2013-12-24 TRüTZSCHLER GMBH & CO. KG Vorrichtung an einer Spinnereivorbereitungsmaschine, z. B. Reiniger, Karde o. dgl., zum Öffnen und Reinigen von Fasergut

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EP0419415A1 (fr) 1991-03-27
DD299322A5 (de) 1992-04-09
DE59010880D1 (de) 1999-09-09
JPH03241016A (ja) 1991-10-28
US5123145A (en) 1992-06-23

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