EP0418707A1 - Appareillage de réduction - Google Patents

Appareillage de réduction Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0418707A1
EP0418707A1 EP90117480A EP90117480A EP0418707A1 EP 0418707 A1 EP0418707 A1 EP 0418707A1 EP 90117480 A EP90117480 A EP 90117480A EP 90117480 A EP90117480 A EP 90117480A EP 0418707 A1 EP0418707 A1 EP 0418707A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotating body
rotation
tools
bar
blocks
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90117480A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0418707B1 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Bauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baugerate Union & Co Maschinenhandels KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Baugerate Union & Co Maschinenhandels KG GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Baugerate Union & Co Maschinenhandels KG GmbH filed Critical Baugerate Union & Co Maschinenhandels KG GmbH
Priority to AT90117480T priority Critical patent/ATE98909T1/de
Publication of EP0418707A1 publication Critical patent/EP0418707A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0418707B1 publication Critical patent/EP0418707B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/005—Tools therefor

Definitions

  • clapper-like bats are freely pivotable on circumferentially spaced axes of rotation parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotating body.
  • the rackets have toothed surface parts and are turned outward by the rotation of the rotating body under the action of centrifugal force, where they strike the tree components introduced through the inlet shaft and fray, crush and smash them.
  • the inlet shaft runs approximately tangentially to the rotating body and from top to bottom. Since the rackets rotate through 360 ° about their axes of rotation, and must not collide with neighboring axes of rotation or with other clubs, the individual axes of rotation are spaced far apart in the circumferential direction.
  • trunks up to a diameter of 15 cm are crushed in devices of this type, the device being an add-on part which can be pulled from the towing vehicle to the work station and which, in the usual manner, comes from the PTO of the towing vehicle or is also driven by an independent drive (electric motor, internal combustion engine or hydraulic motor).
  • an independent drive electric motor, internal combustion engine or hydraulic motor
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device of the type mentioned, which is characterized by an increased work performance and with which an optimally homogeneous composting material can be produced without disruptive larger solid parts.
  • the shredding tools which are firmly attached to the rotating body and form a continuous blow bar in their circulation, also effectively process solid and hard stems until they are completely shredded.
  • the wood of the trunk and also thicker branches are fanned out very effectively.
  • the bark and smaller branches are chopped evenly without any remaining large solid parts.
  • Pushed-in logs are continuously frayed because their forehead is removed at least once every full revolution by the blow bar by the thickness corresponding to the blow bar. Since the blow bar only has to protrude a predetermined amount beyond the surface line of the rotating body, the housing wall in the housing chamber can be nestled relatively close to the circumference of the rotating body. This reliably avoids pulling through logs that have not been fully fiberized or thicker branches.
  • a very good fibering even tough or damp wood material is achieved with the embodiment according to claim 2.
  • the GE genkante acts as a counterhold for the blow bar.
  • the width of the working gap is jointly responsible for the size of the chips formed.
  • the wood material is processed extremely well, which is important for the subsequent composting.
  • the embodiment according to claim 3 is advantageous.
  • the blocks distributed over the casing of the rotating body form the coherent blow bar when they rotate; nevertheless, each block works as an individual tool, so that the load when working the device is distributed evenly over the casing of the rotating body.
  • the reaction forces from working are also absorbed by the support surface with the counter bar and passed on to the housing.
  • the embodiment of claim 4 is important. Due to the overlap, the individual blocks support one another, i. H. Each block, as it passes through the working gap, already processes an area of the trunk or the other tree components, which the following block may at least partially pass through again, in the event that the previous block has not yet fully fiberized the wood and conveyed it through the working gap should.
  • the shape of the blocks that can be inferred from claim 5 is favorable in terms of production technology. Effective cutting edges also result from this shape.
  • each block is given in the embodiment according to claim 7.
  • the blocks can also be precisely adjusted in the groove-like receptacles.
  • the feature of claim 8 is also expedient because the strip fastened to the support surface can be designed and replaced as a wearing part made of a particularly resistant material.
  • the protruding teeth increase the mechanical effect of the tools on the wood to be processed.
  • the teeth cut, so to speak, into the inserted trunk grooves before the associated block removes and cuts the material on both sides of each groove during the next rotation.
  • a relatively favorable force distribution on all working edges and surfaces is achieved.
  • the pre- and post-processing also enables a relatively high feed rate for the log to be cut.
  • it is advantageous that relatively small chips of uniform size can be produced with the teeth and the blocks, the cooperation between the teeth and the passage openings in the opposite edge contributing to the clean shearing or fraying of the wood.
  • the downstream bar gives the shredding tools a new cutting point, so that the material that has already been chipped and fiberized is now cut again.
  • the processed and fibred wood material becomes even finer through the subordinate ledge, thus increasing and accelerating the putrefactive bacteria, so that the mulch mass is prepared even better.
  • the measures of claim 11 are also advantageous because the loads are better due to the inclined position of the teeth and the bar be distributed and a particularly effective defibration occurs.
  • the teeth working together are still parallel to each other.
  • a rectangular or even square shape of the teeth and the cutouts is preferably used, the cutting edges and cutting corners being particularly effective with the geometric shape.
  • the embodiment according to claim 12 is expedient because the full face of the trunk is processed in this feed direction, in particular by trunks. Long logs can also be easily inserted horizontally into the device.
  • the embodiment according to claim 13 is structurally simple. Each trunk reaches the area of the working gap from the bottom of the inlet shaft directly via the support surface. This provides a simple but effective edition.
  • a pair of conveyor rollers with axes of rotation parallel to the axis of the rotating body is arranged in the inlet shaft, wherein one conveyor roller can be pressed away from the other conveyor roller against spring force and at least the other conveyor roller can be driven.
  • the pair of conveyor rollers grips the logs and introduces them as quickly as they can be unraveled in the working gap.
  • the drive of the one conveyor roller is expediently coordinated with the rotary drive of the rotating body and also mechanically coupled to it.
  • the conveyor roller which can be pushed away under spring load, adapts itself automatically to the unevenness of the parts to be introduced.
  • any other material can be filled in through the additional upper inlet shaft and with one Mix fibers and chips formed into the trunk.
  • a device V according to Figure 1 is used to shred tree trunks up to a maximum of 15 cm in diameter and other tree components such as root pieces, branches, twigs with leaves or needles.
  • the material created by the shredding is mainly used for composting.
  • sand or other additives which can be done directly in the device V, mulch material can also be produced.
  • the device V is either a standing device or a driving device which can be moved to the respective place of use by means of a towing vehicle, for which purpose it is provided with a substructure (not shown).
  • An electric motor, internal combustion engine or hydraulic motor can be used as the drive.
  • the drive is expediently carried out by connecting a PTO shaft of an associated towing vehicle.
  • the device V has a housing G in which a housing chamber 1 with a round cross section is formed for a rotating body 2 with a horizontal axis of rotation 3.
  • the rotating body 2 is located in the conveying path from an inlet E 1 to an outlet opening Z.
  • an inlet duct 4 leads approximately horizontally to the housing chamber 1.
  • An additional inlet E 2 is provided on the top of the housing G.
  • From this an inlet shaft 5 also leads to Housing chamber 1.
  • the bottom of the inlet shaft 4 is designated 6. It runs approximately horizontally and forms a horizontal support surface S near the housing chamber 1, which can consist of a reinforced plate 12.
  • a driven conveyor roller pair F Bus a lower conveyor roller 8 and an upper conveyor roller 9 is provided in a recess 7 of the bottom 6 .
  • the conveyor rollers 8, 9 have a corrugated structure.
  • the upper conveyor roller 9 can be raised against spring load 11 in order to allow logs or bulky tree components to pass through.
  • the support surface S ends at a counter edge 15 which, in the embodiment shown, is formed on a strip 13 attached to the end 12 of the plate 12 of the support surface 5.
  • the rotating body 2 which is designed in the manner of a cage, has a cylindrical shape. Its jacket P is defined by a generating jacket line M when the rotating body 2 rotates about its axis of rotation 3.
  • spacing tools W are fixed in the circumferential direction, in parallel rows R, so that they protrude beyond the jacket P to the outside.
  • an axial gap X is provided between two tools W adjacent in a row R.
  • the tools W are set to a gap, so that they form a continuous beater bar L (FIG. 2) when the rotating body 2 is rotated fully.
  • the opposite edge 15 lies at a distance from the jacket P of the rotating body 2, so that here a working gap A is limited, which the blow bar L passes through during a full rotation of the rotating body 2, whereby it cooperates with the opposite edge 15, for example, through the inlet shaft 4 successively unraveling or chipping the inserted trunk and conveying the material thus formed through an outlet shaft 14 leading to the outlet opening Z.
  • a further strip 13a with tooth-like recesses 19 is provided in the housing chamber 1 in front of the outlet shaft 14, on which the already at the first Strip 13 must be shredded material to be conveyed out of the outlet shaft 14.
  • the comminution tools W break the fiber material on this subordinate strip 13a, which here forms a counter edge 15b, into even finer mulch material, in which the processing bacteria accelerate.
  • FIG. 4 shows a large number of tools W on the jacket P of the rotating body 2, which are fastened to the bars 18 which form the cage-like jacket P of the rotating body 2. It can also be seen from FIG. 4 that the additional inlet shaft 5 (indicated by dashed lines) not only targets the working gap between the tools W and the strip 13, but is also directed towards part of the jacket P of the rotating body 2.
  • each comminution tool W consists of a stepped, approximately cuboid block 15a, which has a foot part 16 on one side, expediently a threaded bolt, for fastening to the rotating body 2 and an approximately centrally projecting one on the opposite side Tooth 17 wears.
  • Each tooth 17 can also be designed as a cuboid block or as a projecting cylinder bolt.
  • Each stepped block 15a lies with its longer side parallel to the surface line M of the rotating body 2.
  • tooth-like recesses 19 are provided for the sliding of the teeth 17, which have a square shape.
  • the recesses 19 are set at a distance 20 corresponding to the aligned teeth 17.
  • the width of the recesses 19 corresponds to the width of the teeth 17.
  • the recesses 19 are regularly distributed over the entire length of the last and generally correspond to the number of tools W.
  • the tools W form the continuous beater bar L. Between the blocks 15a of the tools W there is even an overlap Ü visible in the longitudinal direction of the working gap A.
  • the number of recesses 19 for the teeth 17 does not have to be necessarily match the number of teeth 17; rather, several teeth 17 can pass through the same recess 19.
  • each longitudinal region of the strip 13 or each recess 19 cooperates with a tool W at least once during one revolution of the rotating body 2.
  • the tools W act like several successive blow bars L that are continuous over the entire length.
  • the load on unraveling a tree trunk is distributed evenly over the rotating body 2.
  • the reaction forces that occur in each case are derived via the live 13 on the plate 12 and from this onto the housing G.
  • the stepped tools W knock notches 17 into the tree trunk to be fiberized, and the wide block 15a of the tool W chops off the remaining trunk part, so that the tree trunk can be advanced again to the rotating rotating body 2 and is thereby cut.
  • the stepped tool W with the wide block 15a and the attached tooth 17 offers a particularly fine and soft splitting or fraying of the wood to be processed, in which the bacteria are very quickly inserted and the mulched amount composted.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
EP90117480A 1989-09-19 1990-09-11 Appareillage de réduction Expired - Lifetime EP0418707B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90117480T ATE98909T1 (de) 1989-09-19 1990-09-11 Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8911149U DE8911149U1 (de) 1989-09-19 1989-09-19 Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung
DE8911149U 1989-09-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0418707A1 true EP0418707A1 (fr) 1991-03-27
EP0418707B1 EP0418707B1 (fr) 1993-12-22

Family

ID=6842978

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90117480A Expired - Lifetime EP0418707B1 (fr) 1989-09-19 1990-09-11 Appareillage de réduction

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0418707B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE98909T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE8911149U1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2047790T3 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4218005A1 (de) * 1992-06-01 1993-12-02 Helmut Hagedorn Selbstfahrende Arbeitsgerätschaft
WO1999058259A1 (fr) * 1998-05-12 1999-11-18 Enviro Mulch Pty. Ltd. Procede et machine de paillage de dechets

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB885266A (en) * 1959-10-16 1961-12-20 Lonza Electric & Chem Works Granulating apparatus for plastic sheet material
US3580517A (en) * 1968-03-08 1971-05-25 Western Mfg Inc Apparatus for chipping scrap materials
US3822042A (en) * 1972-01-13 1974-07-02 R Roy Demolition apparatus
US4015782A (en) * 1975-07-09 1977-04-05 Granite Bernard H Device for reducing polymers or the like to substantially uniform small size pieces
US4164329A (en) * 1976-12-03 1979-08-14 Lee Heydenreich Chipper roller and knives therefor

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB885266A (en) * 1959-10-16 1961-12-20 Lonza Electric & Chem Works Granulating apparatus for plastic sheet material
US3580517A (en) * 1968-03-08 1971-05-25 Western Mfg Inc Apparatus for chipping scrap materials
US3822042A (en) * 1972-01-13 1974-07-02 R Roy Demolition apparatus
US4015782A (en) * 1975-07-09 1977-04-05 Granite Bernard H Device for reducing polymers or the like to substantially uniform small size pieces
US4164329A (en) * 1976-12-03 1979-08-14 Lee Heydenreich Chipper roller and knives therefor

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4218005A1 (de) * 1992-06-01 1993-12-02 Helmut Hagedorn Selbstfahrende Arbeitsgerätschaft
WO1999058259A1 (fr) * 1998-05-12 1999-11-18 Enviro Mulch Pty. Ltd. Procede et machine de paillage de dechets
US6595442B1 (en) 1998-05-12 2003-07-22 Enviro-Mulch Pty Ltd. Method and apparatus for mulching waste

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE8911149U1 (de) 1990-01-18
EP0418707B1 (fr) 1993-12-22
DE59003957D1 (de) 1994-02-03
ES2047790T3 (es) 1994-03-01
ATE98909T1 (de) 1994-01-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0164489B1 (fr) Dispositif pour le broyage de matériau granuleux et/ou fibreux
DE69009740T2 (de) Zerstückelungsvorrichtung.
DE19749338A1 (de) Häcksler zum Zerkleinern von Halmgut, vorzugsweise von Stroh
AT392222B (de) Vorrichtung zum zerkleinern von haus- und gartenabfaellen, von stroh, von obst usw.
EP0124138B1 (fr) Méthode et dispositif pour le broyage de produits végétaux
DE102005049716A1 (de) Mähhacker für Pflanzen
EP3829289A1 (fr) Appareil adaptable pour récolter des cultures céréalières de type tige
DE60105981T2 (de) Vorrichtung zum zerschneiden von pflanzengut
DE60309674T2 (de) Schneideeinrichtung zum zerkleinern von abfallmaterial
EP0418707A1 (fr) Appareillage de réduction
DE2658317A1 (de) Holzhackmaschine
DE2801827A1 (de) Vorrichtung an zerkleinerungsmaschinen, z.b. haeckslern
EP0086478B1 (fr) Dispositif pour désagréger des blocs d'ensilage
DE3400252A1 (de) Zusatzzerkleinerungsvorrichtung an haeckselmaschinen
EP1162874B1 (fr) Ramasseuse-hacheuse a fond rapeur
DE4427700C2 (de) Vorrichtung zum Häckseln von Gartenabfällen
DE4200592A1 (de) Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung für Gehölze sowie Halm- und Blattgut
EP0089571B1 (fr) Désintégrateur du bois
DE19721531A1 (de) Vorrichtung zum Verarbeiten von Pflanzenmaterial, Kompostiervorrichtung sowie Verfahren zum Mietenkompostieren von Pflanzenmaterial
DE2714313A1 (de) Maschine zum haeckseln
EP0108262B1 (fr) Dispositif pour le traitement de déchets
AT406354B (de) Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung
DE69215682T2 (de) Häcksler
DE4121328C2 (de) Transport- und Austragvorrichtung für einen Futtermittelblock
DE4022652C2 (de) Bodenbearbeitungsgerät

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE DE DK ES FR GB IT NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19910419

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19920514

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE DE DK ES FR GB IT NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 98909

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19940115

Kind code of ref document: T

ET Fr: translation filed
ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 59003957

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19940203

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19940126

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2047790

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19940911

Ref country code: DK

Effective date: 19940911

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19940911

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19940912

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 19940912

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19940930

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 90117480.5

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: BAUGERATE UNION G.M.B.H. & CO. MASCHINENHANDELS K

Effective date: 19940930

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19950401

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19940911

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19950531

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 90117480.5

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19981029

Year of fee payment: 9

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20000701

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20010201

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050911