EP0408221B1 - Ventilateur centrifuge entrainé par un moteur à courant continu - Google Patents

Ventilateur centrifuge entrainé par un moteur à courant continu Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0408221B1
EP0408221B1 EP19900307116 EP90307116A EP0408221B1 EP 0408221 B1 EP0408221 B1 EP 0408221B1 EP 19900307116 EP19900307116 EP 19900307116 EP 90307116 A EP90307116 A EP 90307116A EP 0408221 B1 EP0408221 B1 EP 0408221B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
motor
scroll
centrifugal fan
fan
impeller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP19900307116
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0408221A2 (fr
EP0408221A3 (en
Inventor
Ivor William Bolton
David Sydney Gaunt
Ronald Kenneth Russell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TORIN Ltd
International Business Machines Corp
Original Assignee
TORIN Ltd
International Business Machines Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=10660081&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0408221(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by TORIN Ltd, International Business Machines Corp filed Critical TORIN Ltd
Publication of EP0408221A2 publication Critical patent/EP0408221A2/fr
Publication of EP0408221A3 publication Critical patent/EP0408221A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0408221B1 publication Critical patent/EP0408221B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Revoked legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/661—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/668—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps damping or preventing mechanical vibrations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/4226—Fan casings
    • F04D29/424—Double entry casings

Definitions

  • This invention relates to d.c motor driven centrifugal fans for low noise applications according to the pre-characterizing part of claim 1.
  • Brushless d.c motors have a number of advantages when used to drive centrifugal fans in terms of safety, flexibility of performance and low power consumption as compared to a.c motors. They allow lower speed operation which reduces aerodynamic noise and they have the flexibility to match the air flow to the system cooling requirements by changing the fan speed at will.
  • brushless d.c fans suffer from three major disadvantages when used in low noise level applications; namely discrete tones generated at the blade passing frequencies, bearing noise and tones produced by motor vibrations at harmonics of the DC motor torque pulsation frequency.
  • the latter is more predominant the quieter the broad band aerodynamic noise, and can be a limiting factor in minimising installed fan noise.
  • the rotational speed of a DC fan can vary with back pressure depending on the motor design and this can cause a wide variation in noise level as the motor pulsation frequency may coincide with the motor and fan structural vibration modes.
  • the high starting current can be limited by an increase in magnetic reluctance but this results in increased motor speed with load.
  • a phenomenon of centrifugal fans is that the motor load varies inversely with changing back pressure, increasing speed and aerodynamic noise. Although such speed variations may be a disadvantage in terms of noise, significant benefits are offered to a designer who requires constant airflow at a varying system static pressure loss.
  • the motor design is therefore a compromise between conflicting requirements of cost, air flow performance and acoustics, the latter being determined by the interaction between the motor and the fan structure.
  • an a.c motor fan scroll which is cut back from the conventional fully developed form has been employed in the IBM 9335 Model BO1 disk storage unit.
  • dual impellers and scrolls are mounted to either side of a central a.c motor which is itself supported on a separate fan housing.
  • the fan scrolls were cut back in the 9335 purely so that they could be fitted into the avallable space and attached to a common plate.
  • An airstream splitting arrangement is attached to the opposite side of the plate to split and direct the emergent airstream to different parts of the disk storage unit.
  • A.c motor fans have much simpler resonance problems than d.c motor fans and these are cured relatively simply in the 9335 by resiliently mounting the motor on the fan housing to isolate the housing from mains frequency vibration.
  • the prior art has therefore falled to provide a simple way of reducing noise in a centrifugal d.c motor driven fan which is effective over a wide range of operating conditions.
  • the present invention provides a centrifugal fan comprising a brushless d.c. motor; an impeller mounted on the motor for rotation thereby; and a scroll, on which the motor is mounted, the scroll defining an air inlet and outlet and including an outer wall curved around the impeller to define a divergent path to the outlet for air driven by the impeller, characterised in that the scroll is truncated at the outlet so as to substantially eliminate any flat portions on the outer wall susceptible to mechanical vibration at frequencies excited by the d.c. motor.
  • the scroll outer wall is curved along its entire length but it has been found that a relatively short flat portion may be included at the outlet as long as it does not become excited by motor pulsation frequencies.
  • the preferred outlet shape is a substantially rectangular aperture, the plane of which is closest to the impeller along a line intermediate the circumferentially spaced edges of the aperture. This may be thought of as an angled cutback (typically 45°) as compared to the included angle of 90° in a normal fully developed scroll. Clearly, other angles may be used and the outlet shape need not be rectangular.
  • the rectangular shape does facilitate attachment of the fan by its scroll to a mounting plate by means of coplanar outwardly extending flanges and is thus preferred.
  • the scroll includes two side walls each of which is apertured to provide an air inlet. This allows a lower fan inlet air velocity for a given volume of air thus reducing aerodynamic noise.
  • the motor should additionally be resiliently mounted on the scroll. This can reduce the other resonances not affected by the outlet shape.
  • resilient mounting may be chosen but the preferred one includes a motor support frame resiliently supported from a side wall of the scroll and extending axially into the scroll, within the impeller, to support the motor.
  • This is preferably implemented as an outer plate, co-extensive with the side wall and a cage portion extending axially into the scroll and being rigidly connected to the motor.
  • the resilient connection is provided by circumferentially disposed vibration isolators between the outer plate and scroll side wall. If the outer plate is annular in shape, then obstruction of an air inlet in the scroll side wail can be minimised.
  • the motor support frame can be made of an elastomeric material to provide vibration isolation.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show vibrational mode models produced by computer aided design analysis for a fully developed scroll 10 and for a truncated scroll 20 according to the inventions.
  • the fan rpm increases and the motor pulsation frequency is effectively de-coupled from the scroll resonant modes until such time that the fan rpm is high enough for the next pulsation harmonic to match the scroll. Since the motor rpm increased rapidly with back pressure there were several peaks in the sound power vs back pressure curve which had to be reduced in order to meet the design requirements.
  • the motor isolation design was constrained by fan application requirements, the final choice being a grommet isolator with radial and axial resonant frequencies as low as possible. These were controlled by the motor/impeller weight and the need for dimensional stability between impeller and scroll for reasons of performance and aerodynamic noise.
  • the final grommet selected had calculated axial and radial resonant frequencies of 287 and 609 Hz respectively.
  • a d.c motor driven fan according to the invention is illustrated in Figures 7, 8 and 9.
  • a brushless d.c motor 50 of the kind described in International Patent Application, publication no WO88/07285.
  • the motor consists of a stator 51, rotor 52, and a support body 53 providing a bearing housing for the rotor shaft and integrally moulded with a printed circuit board 54 carrying the electronic components of the motor.
  • the motor is completed by a cover plate 55 (not shown in Fig 7).
  • the motor rotor is attached by means of a central annular web 56 to an impeller 60, best seen in Figure 7.
  • the impeller blades 61, 62 on each side of the central web are offset at half pitch in order to reduce tones at the blade passing frequency.
  • a scroll 70 Surrounding the impeller 60 is a scroll 70 from one side of which the motor/impeller assembly is mounted by means of mounting frame 80.
  • the scroll consists of a curved outer wall 71, surrounding the impeller, and side wall potions 72 which are apertured to provide dual air inlets to the motor.
  • the scroll defines a divergent path for air driven by the impeller to an outlet 73, which is rectangular in shape.
  • Out-turned flanges 74 surrounding the outlet enable the fan to be mounted on a mounting plate or bulkhead, for example by spot welding.
  • the shape of the outer wall 71 is key to achieving the reduction in noise from motor induced vibration.
  • the scroll 70 is truncated at an angle of approximately 45° as viewed in Figure 8. This substantially eliminates all but a small linear portion of the scroll outer wall and, with it, the flat surface prone to vibrate at frequencies excited by motor 50.
  • the scroll outer wall should consist only of a curved surface, as in the model of Figure 2, but the small linear continuation 75 of the otherwise curved surface 71 has been found not to be a source of significant acoustic radiation.
  • the cutback scroll design reduces the number of modes of vibration of the scroll below 650 Hz (those likely to be excited by motor pulsation harmonics) from five to two and the new shape exhibits little vibration along the "free" outer edge of the scroll.
  • vibration isolation of the motor/impeller assembly is needed. In the fan of Figures 7 to 9, this is achieved by attaching the motor mounting frame 80 to the scroll side wall 72 by means of three grommets 81.
  • the grommets are selected to have the necessary axial and radial resonant frequencies to isolate the scroll from the remaining motor pulsation frequencies.
  • the mounting frame 80 is moulded from a plastics material and consists of an annular outer plate 82, having location slots 83 for three grommets, and a cage portion 84 extending axially into the scroll.
  • Cage portion 84 includes four angle-sectioned ribs 85 each terminating in fingers 86 which locate in complementary cut-outs in the support body 53 and printed circuit board 54 to support the motor.
  • the final design in a duplex fan assembly running at 12 volts has a very low 'A' weighted sound power level which varies consistently with back pressure from 3.97 bels at free flow to 4.50 bels at 2mm of water at an air flow delivery of 25 litres/sec.
  • FIG 12 shows schematically an alternative motor mounting frame which may be substituted for frame 80 of Figures 7 to 9.
  • the frame 100 is moulded from a heavy rubber and comprises a base portion 101 bonded to the motor 102.
  • Three legs 103 extend from the base outwardly through an air inlet in scroll 104 and are turned through U-bends to terminate in feet 105.
  • the ankle portion 100 above each foot is necked to form an isolation mount.
  • the shape of the portion 106 determines the relative axial to radial stiffness and is determined by the motor pulsation frequency harmonies.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Ventilateur centrifuge comprenant un moteur à courant continu sans balais (50) ;
    une roue de ventilateur (60) montée en rotation sur le moteur ;
    et une volute (70), sur laquelle le moteur est monté, la volute définissant une entrée et une sortie d'air (73) et comprenant une paroi externe (71) courbe autour de la roue de ventilateur afin de définir un trajet divergeant vers la sortie pour l'air aspiré par la roue de ventilateur, caractérisée en ce que la volute est tronquée à la sortie de façon à éliminer pratiquement toutes parties plates sur la paroi externe susceptible de vibrations mécaniques aux fréquences excitées par le moteur à courant continu.
  2. Ventilateur centrifuge selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la paroi externe de la volute est complètement courbée suivant sa longueur totale.
  3. Ventilateur centrifuge selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel la sortie est constituée d'une ouverture pratiquement rectangulaire, dont le plan est proche de la roue suivant une ligne intermédiaire des bords circonférentiellement espacés de l'ouverture.
  4. Ventilateur centrifuge selon la revendication 3, dans lequel la volute comprend des rebords coplanaires (74) s'étendant vers l'extérieur à partir des bords de l'ouverture de sortie rectangulaire au moyen desquelles le ventilateur peut être monté sur une plaque de montage.
  5. Ventilateur centrifuge selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la volute comprend deux parois latérales (72), chacune d'elle étant munie d'ouvertures pour procurer des entrées d'air.
  6. Ventilateur centrifuge selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le moteur est monté élastiquement sur la volute pour réduire encore l'excitation des résonances de la volute par le moteur.
  7. Ventilateur centrifuge selon la revendication 6, dans lequel la volute comprend une paroi latérale et le ventilateur comprend un cadre de support de moteur (80) raccordé élastiquement à la paroi latérale et se prolongeant axialement dans la volute à l'intérieur de la roue de ventilateur, afin de supporter le moteur.
  8. Ventilateur centrifuge selon la revendication 7, dans lequel le cadre support de moteur comprend une plaque externe (82), s'étendant adjacente et parallèle à ladite paroi latérale, et une partie de cage (84) se prolongeant axialement dans la volute et étant rigidement raccordée au moteur, ledit raccord élastique étant assuré par une pluralité d'isolateurs de vibrations (81) disposés suivant la circonférence entre la plaque externe et ladite paroi latérale.
  9. Ventilateur centrifuge selon la revendication 8, dans lequel la partie de cage comprend une pluralité de nervures de renforcement s'étendant axialement (85) qui se placent dans des découpes complémentaires dans la base du moteur afin de procurer ledit raccord rigide.
  10. Ventilateur centrifuge selon la revendication 7 ou la revendication 8, dans lequel ladite paroi latérale de volute est à ouvertures pour procurer une entrée d'air et dans laquelle la plaque externe de la structure de support de moteur est de forme annulaire de façon à minimiser l'obstruction à l'entrée d'air.
  11. Ventilateur centrifuge selon la revendication 7, dans lequel le cadre de support de moteur est réalisé dans un matériau élastomère pour procurer une isolation aux vibrations.
  12. Ventilateur centrifuge selon la revendication 11, dans lequel le cadre de support de moteur (100) comprend trois montants (103) raccordés à une partie de base (101) et attachés fixement au moteur (102), à des pieds respectifs (105) situées dans ladite paroi latérale.
  13. Ventilateur centrifuge selon la revendication 12, dans lequel les montants sont d'une épaisseur réduite lorsqu'ils rejoignent les pieds afin de procurer une isolation supplémentaire aux vibrations.
EP19900307116 1989-07-14 1990-06-28 Ventilateur centrifuge entrainé par un moteur à courant continu Revoked EP0408221B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8916214 1989-07-14
GB8916214A GB2234012A (en) 1989-07-14 1989-07-14 Dc motor driven centrifugal fan

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0408221A2 EP0408221A2 (fr) 1991-01-16
EP0408221A3 EP0408221A3 (en) 1991-04-24
EP0408221B1 true EP0408221B1 (fr) 1994-09-07

Family

ID=10660081

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19900307116 Revoked EP0408221B1 (fr) 1989-07-14 1990-06-28 Ventilateur centrifuge entrainé par un moteur à courant continu

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0408221B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0350398A (fr)
DE (1) DE69012244T2 (fr)
GB (1) GB2234012A (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19950245C1 (de) * 1999-10-19 2001-05-10 Ebm Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Radialgebläse
WO2005096715A3 (fr) * 2004-04-09 2006-09-08 Lg Electronics Inc Unite exterieure de type a aspiration/evacuation frontale pour climatiseur, et soufflante fonctionnant avec cette unite
US7861541B2 (en) 2004-07-13 2011-01-04 Tiax Llc System and method of refrigeration
CN101469723B (zh) * 2007-12-28 2012-11-07 Lg电子株式会社 风扇组件

Families Citing this family (14)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19740799B4 (de) * 1997-09-17 2006-01-12 Valeo Klimasysteme Gmbh Dämpfungselement
US6315655B1 (en) 2000-03-01 2001-11-13 Technology Advancement Group, Inc. Low profile computer case and computer
US6712584B2 (en) 2000-04-21 2004-03-30 Revcor, Inc. Fan blade
US6814545B2 (en) 2000-04-21 2004-11-09 Revcor, Inc. Fan blade
US6942457B2 (en) 2002-11-27 2005-09-13 Revcor, Inc. Fan assembly and method
EP2365224B1 (fr) * 2010-03-11 2018-04-04 Elica S.p.A. Convoyeur radial pour hottes aspirantes
US10221855B2 (en) 2012-07-20 2019-03-05 Regal Beloit America, Inc. Furnace air handler blower assembly utilizing a motor connected to an impeller fan that is suspended with mounting arms
US9777735B2 (en) 2012-07-20 2017-10-03 Regal Beloit America, Inc. Blower motor assembly having air directing surface
DE102013204085A1 (de) * 2013-03-11 2014-09-11 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Doppelflutiges Radialgebläse für eine Dunstabzugshaube
DE102013204138A1 (de) * 2013-03-11 2014-09-11 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Lagerschild für einen Gebläsemotor eines Radialgebläses einer Dunstabzugshaube
EP3037672B1 (fr) * 2014-12-22 2019-09-11 Whirlpool EMEA S.p.A Adaptateur dans un dispositif d'aspiration pour une hotte
IT201600121296A1 (it) * 2016-11-30 2018-05-30 Elica Spa Soffiatrice radiale
TWI681127B (zh) * 2018-02-01 2020-01-01 大陸商佛山市建準電子有限公司 離心扇及其扇輪
CN219372164U (zh) * 2023-01-04 2023-07-18 九阳股份有限公司 一种降噪效果好的无刷电机

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19950245C1 (de) * 1999-10-19 2001-05-10 Ebm Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Radialgebläse
WO2005096715A3 (fr) * 2004-04-09 2006-09-08 Lg Electronics Inc Unite exterieure de type a aspiration/evacuation frontale pour climatiseur, et soufflante fonctionnant avec cette unite
US7861541B2 (en) 2004-07-13 2011-01-04 Tiax Llc System and method of refrigeration
CN101469723B (zh) * 2007-12-28 2012-11-07 Lg电子株式会社 风扇组件
US8337155B2 (en) 2007-12-28 2012-12-25 Lg Electronics Inc. Fan assembly having reduced vibration

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2234012A (en) 1991-01-23
EP0408221A2 (fr) 1991-01-16
DE69012244T2 (de) 1995-03-30
DE69012244D1 (de) 1994-10-13
GB8916214D0 (en) 1989-08-31
JPH0350398A (ja) 1991-03-04
EP0408221A3 (en) 1991-04-24

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