EP0401712A1 - Système de matelas - Google Patents

Système de matelas Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0401712A1
EP0401712A1 EP90110501A EP90110501A EP0401712A1 EP 0401712 A1 EP0401712 A1 EP 0401712A1 EP 90110501 A EP90110501 A EP 90110501A EP 90110501 A EP90110501 A EP 90110501A EP 0401712 A1 EP0401712 A1 EP 0401712A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mattress system
support
mattress
spring
elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90110501A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0401712B1 (fr
Inventor
Ernst Ottiger
Daniel Gloor
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Recticel Bedding Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
Superba SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=57755499&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0401712(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Superba SAS filed Critical Superba SAS
Priority to EP93101990A priority Critical patent/EP0543799B1/fr
Priority to AT90110501T priority patent/ATE99517T1/de
Publication of EP0401712A1 publication Critical patent/EP0401712A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0401712B1 publication Critical patent/EP0401712B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47CCHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C23/00Spring mattresses with rigid frame or forming part of the bedstead, e.g. box springs; Divan bases; Slatted bed bases
    • A47C23/002Spring mattresses with rigid frame or forming part of the bedstead, e.g. box springs; Divan bases; Slatted bed bases with separate resilient support elements, e.g. elastomeric springs arranged in a two-dimensional matrix pattern
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47CCHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C20/00Head -, foot -, or like rests for beds, sofas or the like
    • A47C20/04Head -, foot -, or like rests for beds, sofas or the like with adjustable inclination
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47CCHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C23/00Spring mattresses with rigid frame or forming part of the bedstead, e.g. box springs; Divan bases; Slatted bed bases
    • A47C23/02Spring mattresses with rigid frame or forming part of the bedstead, e.g. box springs; Divan bases; Slatted bed bases using leaf springs, e.g. metal strips
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47CCHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C23/00Spring mattresses with rigid frame or forming part of the bedstead, e.g. box springs; Divan bases; Slatted bed bases
    • A47C23/06Spring mattresses with rigid frame or forming part of the bedstead, e.g. box springs; Divan bases; Slatted bed bases using wooden springs, e.g. of slat type ; Slatted bed bases
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47CCHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C27/00Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas
    • A47C27/04Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas with spring inlays
    • A47C27/06Spring inlays
    • A47C27/065Spring inlays of special shape

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mattress system with a top mattress and a bottom mattress.
  • the lower mattress contains supporting elements connected with a usually rectangular frame in the form of transverse slats on which the upper mattress lies.
  • the invention has for its object a Generate generic mattress system that is easily adaptable to different and spatially varying loads and also has limited spring travel.
  • the bottom mattress of the mattress system has a rigid rectangular frame with a head part 1, a foot part 2 and side parts 3a, b and a number of supporting elements (FIGS. 1, 2).
  • the support elements are designed as upwardly open U-profiles 4, which are closed at both ends by transverse walls 5, and carry elastic support elements 7 fastened to their webs 6, which protrude beyond their legs 8 in the relieved to normally loaded state.
  • the framework is through that Reinforced cross members 9 connecting side parts 3 a, 3 b, to which, preferably opposite one another, U-profiles 4 are fastened, specifically by means of a bolt 10 penetrating their cross walls 5 and the intermediate cross member 9, which is secured by means of a nut 11.
  • a fastening of the U-profiles 4 is of course also possible with other means, for example with wood screws or with bolts which are screwed into a threaded sleeve penetrating the cross member 9.
  • the cross member 9 and the U-profiles 4 are preferably made of - possibly fiber-reinforced - plastic.
  • the U-profiles 4 each have a plurality of perforations 12 which can be used to fasten a support element 7.
  • the support elements 7 carry support plates 13 to support the top mattress, which can have different shapes, for. B. round (Fig. 1), octagonal (Fig. 3a, b, c), hexagonal, etc.
  • the distribution of the cross member 9 can already be adapted to the expected load distribution, the more the distribution of the support elements 7, which in two Dimensions is variable and can change between covering the whole area - especially when using a square or hexagonal support plate 13 - and relatively thinly in the less stressed area near the foot end.
  • Each support element 7 comprises a first, outer pipe section 14 made of elastic material, on which the support plate 13 sits and a second, inner pipe section 15, which is surrounded by the outer pipe section 14 and below, where the support element 7 through which by a projection 16 and the Perforation 12 in the web 6 of the U-profile 4 formed snap connection is fixed, is connected to the same.
  • the pipe sections 14, 15 are aligned transversely to the U-profile 4, so that the support element 7 tilts in this direction by the legs 8 of the U-Profile 4 is impossible.
  • the support plate 13 for lateral stabilization of the support element 7 has two mandrels 17 which protrude through openings in the outer tube section 14 and in the inner tube section 15.
  • the support elements 7 are preferably made of plastic, for. B. made of an elastomer, the support plate 13 made of hard plastic.
  • the support elements 7 contain only one tube section 14 and rear stops 21 is fixed.
  • the support element 7 is held in place by holding bolts 22 which protrude into the pipe section 14 on both sides in the legs 8 of the U-profile 4.
  • the U-profile 4 is supplemented by strips 24 in the continuation of the legs 8 to form a structure with an approximately H-shaped cross section.
  • the legs 8 are provided with a rubber pad at the top.
  • Rubber cylinder 18 over the legs 8 projecting projections.
  • the web 6 is interrupted by recesses 25 between the points bearing the support elements 7. This prevents dust from being deposited.
  • the support plate 13 is cambered and has a trapezoidal shape, the base of the trapezoid being concave and the opposite side being correspondingly convex.
  • the material is hard plastic.
  • the surface is roughened by eroding or etching structures.
  • a trapezoidal recess 26, into which air passages 27 open, serves on the one hand to ventilate the upper mattress and on the other hand reinforces the braking action of the surface of the support plate 13 which prevents the same from slipping.
  • the connection to the support element 7 is established by a snap connection.
  • the support elements 7 are fastened to the U-profile 4 as follows: the retaining bolts 22 are cast on the outside of the legs 8 (FIG.
  • Fig. 6 shows the distribution of the support elements and support plates.
  • the shape of the support plate 13 allows a complete coverage of the area enclosed by the frame. However, the boundaries between adjacent support plates 13 do not form any continuous straight lines. This prevents the support elements from tipping over, which could lead to the formation of trenches. It is possible to use support elements of different hardnesses, each adapted to the load to be expected in a certain zone. Support elements of different degrees of hardness can be used to facilitate assembly different colors of the support plate 13 may be marked.
  • FIGS. 7a, b show variants of support elements 7 in which the spring element supporting the pipe section 14 is designed as a closed-pore foam cylinder with skin 28 or as a plastic-coated coil spring 29 made of antimagnetic chromium-nickel steel.
  • the spring characteristic is at least approximately a straight line in the support elements 7 according to FIG. 7a, b as well as in the case of FIGS. 5a, b, c, d.
  • FIG. 8 shows a variant with parallelogram-shaped support plates 13 and a possible arrangement of the support elements in the area enclosed by the frame.
  • the boundary lines between adjacent support elements do not form continuous straight lines in the longitudinal direction, which is normally sufficient to prevent the formation of trenches.
  • All of the embodiments have the advantage that they have a modular structure and are therefore easily adaptable to any dimensions by adapting the number of adjacent U-profiles in width and the number of crossbeams 9 in length.
  • the task of the invention can be solved instead of by a special design of the bottom mattress - or particularly advantageously in connection with it - also by a design of the top mattress according to the invention.
  • the top mattress (Fig. 9) contains between an upper support and a lower support z.
  • each spring element 30 consists of several Stacked pipe sections 31 made of elastic material, preferably an elastomer, which are stacked one above the other and each have a support surface 32 at their upper and lower ends to support the respective support.
  • Individual pipe sections 31 have connecting elements 33 on both sides for producing snap connections with adjacent spring elements.
  • the spring elements 30 can be designed differently depending on the desired spring characteristic (FIG. 10).
  • individual pipe sections for stiffening can contain horizontal struts 34, which can also serve as support surfaces 32 if the outer pipe sections are halved.
  • Spring elements 30 of different characteristics can be distributed in the top mattress according to the expected local load. Local stiffness and spring properties of the top mattress can also be influenced by making or not making snap connections between adjacent spring elements 30.
  • bottom and top mattresses are also very suitable for cases (FIG. 11) in which the bottom mattress contains a plurality of subframes 35a, b, c, d, e, f which can be pivoted relative to one another and which are hinged 36 between adjacent cross members 9 or are also connected between side parts of adjoining partial frames.
  • the hinges are covered with bellows (not shown) to protect fingers from being pinched when adjusting the partial frame.
  • the frame parts 35a, b, c are at the head end, 35e, f at the foot end. The latter are connected as shown in Fig. 12.
  • the frame parts 35b, c can form an upwardly convex obtuse angle for lumbar support. The way of their connection is shown in Fig. 13.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nursing (AREA)
  • Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Massaging Devices (AREA)
EP90110501A 1989-06-08 1990-06-01 Système de matelas Expired - Lifetime EP0401712B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP93101990A EP0543799B1 (fr) 1989-06-08 1990-06-01 Matelas pour un système de matelas
AT90110501T ATE99517T1 (de) 1989-06-08 1990-06-01 Matratzensystem.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2171/89A CH681950A5 (fr) 1989-06-08 1989-06-08
CH2171/89 1989-06-08
US80114691A 1991-12-02 1991-12-02
CA002057161A CA2057161A1 (fr) 1989-06-08 1991-12-06 Sommier

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93101990.5 Division-Into 1990-06-01

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0401712A1 true EP0401712A1 (fr) 1990-12-12
EP0401712B1 EP0401712B1 (fr) 1994-01-05

Family

ID=57755499

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93101990A Expired - Lifetime EP0543799B1 (fr) 1989-06-08 1990-06-01 Matelas pour un système de matelas
EP90110501A Expired - Lifetime EP0401712B1 (fr) 1989-06-08 1990-06-01 Système de matelas

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93101990A Expired - Lifetime EP0543799B1 (fr) 1989-06-08 1990-06-01 Matelas pour un système de matelas

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5426799A (fr)
EP (2) EP0543799B1 (fr)
AT (2) ATE99517T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2057161A1 (fr)
CH (2) CH681950A5 (fr)
DE (2) DE59010485D1 (fr)
ES (2) ES2047759T3 (fr)

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4411703A1 (de) * 1994-04-05 1995-10-12 Ferdinand Baumjohann Matratzenträger
EP0653174A3 (fr) * 1993-11-10 1996-05-29 Senne Lizenz & Produkte Gmbh Elément de rembourrage avec plusieurs éléments de ressort disposés dans des configurations régulières.
WO1996022478A1 (fr) * 1995-01-17 1996-07-25 Weinstein James D Dispositif de support imitant un fluide
EP0734666A1 (fr) * 1995-03-24 1996-10-02 FROLI Kunststoffe Heinrich Fromme Support pour coussin
DE29614891U1 (de) * 1995-10-26 1996-11-07 Heidinger, Florian, Dr., 83627 Warngau Stützelement
DE19537197A1 (de) * 1995-10-06 1997-04-10 Huelsta Werke Huels Kg Federholzrahmen
EP0850579A3 (fr) * 1991-02-06 1998-08-05 The Ohio Mattress Company Licensing And Components Group Fixation d'un ressort
DE29721656U1 (de) * 1997-12-09 1999-01-14 Froli Kunststoffe Heinrich Fromme, 33758 Schloß Holte-Stukenbrock Bettsystem
WO1999003379A2 (fr) 1997-07-18 1999-01-28 Froli Kunststoffwerk Heinrich Fromme Ohg Element d'appui pour la base de coussin de surfaces de siege ou de lit
DE29909654U1 (de) * 1999-06-02 2000-08-10 Recticel Internationale Bettsysteme GmbH, 59439 Holzwickede Federelement zum Einsatz in einem Unterbett
EP1038476A1 (fr) * 1999-02-25 2000-09-27 Siegbert Hartmann Elément de ressort
FR2791239A1 (fr) * 1999-03-25 2000-09-29 Oniris Sa Dispositif de suspension d'une latte de sommier
DE29919967U1 (de) * 1999-11-13 2001-04-05 Recticel Schlafkomfort GmbH, 44867 Bochum Bettrahmen mit einer Mehrzahl von die Matratzenauflage bildenden Federelementen
EP1099397A1 (fr) 1999-11-13 2001-05-16 Recticel Schlafkomfort GmbH Sommier avec une pluralité d'éléments-ressort constituant le support de matelas
EP1155643A3 (fr) * 2000-05-18 2002-09-11 Florian Dr. Heidinger Dispositif de support
EP0770344B2 (fr) 1995-10-26 2003-01-29 Florian Dr. Heidinger Sommier
FR2832042A1 (fr) * 2001-11-13 2003-05-16 Creations Andre Renault Sommier et element de suspension pour sommier
EP1258217A3 (fr) * 2001-05-17 2004-01-14 Siegbert Hartmann Elément de ressort
EP1302135A3 (fr) * 2001-10-12 2004-01-21 Doc AG Siège ou lit comprenant une pluralité d'éléments ressorts et procédé de fabrication de ces éléments de ressorts
BE1014979A3 (nl) * 2002-06-26 2004-07-06 Catry Alphonse Vering voor een matras of dergelijke.
EP1716790A1 (fr) * 2005-04-21 2006-11-02 Diemer & Dr. Jaspert GbR Système ressort
EP1878363A1 (fr) * 2006-07-13 2008-01-16 Valentino Fossati Construction à ressorts pour fabriquer des matelas et similaires
WO2009003788A1 (fr) * 2007-07-02 2009-01-08 Recticel Schlafkomfort Gmbh Construction de support pour un matelas

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FR2824246A1 (fr) * 2001-05-02 2002-11-08 Tournadre Sa Standard Gum Dispositif de suspension pour sommier du type multi-elements
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DE20207113U1 (de) * 2002-05-04 2003-06-18 FROLI Kunststoffwerk Heinrich Fromme oHG, 33758 Schloß Holte-Stukenbrock Federlatte für Sitz- oder Liegemöbel
DE20208896U1 (de) 2002-06-10 2002-10-10 Hartmann, Siegbert, 32584 Löhne Federelement
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DE202006018923U1 (de) * 2006-12-13 2007-02-22 Hartmann, Siegbert Einzelfederelement
CN102772051B (zh) 2007-01-29 2016-05-18 赫尔曼米勒有限公司 座位结构及其使用方法
US20090183311A1 (en) * 2008-01-18 2009-07-23 Vy Nguyen Bed Assemblies
WO2009133086A2 (fr) 2008-04-30 2009-11-05 Bernhard Kutschi Élément élastique de soutien pour espaces creux
WO2009149004A1 (fr) * 2008-06-04 2009-12-10 Herman Miller, Inc. Siège suspendu
EP2344008B1 (fr) 2008-07-25 2013-02-13 Herman Miller, Inc. Structure de support multicouche
DE102011053581B3 (de) * 2011-09-14 2013-01-17 B.E.C. Breitbach Engineering Consulting Gmbh Elastisches Element
JP6037735B2 (ja) * 2012-09-07 2016-12-07 株式会社イノアックコーポレーション ダンパー、ダンパーユニット、およびベッド
US9901185B2 (en) * 2014-01-31 2018-02-27 Dreamwell, Ltd. Mattress including flat springs
RS1452U1 (en) * 2015-03-19 2016-04-28 Vit MAREĹ MULTIPURPOSE BEDS THAT CAN BE USED BY PERSONS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS
US9848709B2 (en) * 2015-06-04 2017-12-26 Donald J. Molenda Multi layered modular support system for lounge and other applications
EP3248511B1 (fr) * 2016-05-23 2018-12-12 Pikolin, S.L. Partie centrale de matelas améliorée et matelas comportant ladite partie centrale
CN107455992A (zh) 2016-06-03 2017-12-12 冷鹭浩 弹性模块
US10786087B2 (en) * 2017-12-27 2020-09-29 Apex Health Care Mfg. Inc. Electric bed with independent adjusting device for waist rest
FR3090307B1 (fr) * 2018-12-21 2021-03-12 Tournadre Sa Standard Gum Elément souple à raideur réglable pour meuble de couchage et/ou d’assise
GB2589839B (en) * 2019-11-12 2021-12-08 Shock Wbv Ltd Shock mitigation seat
US11819134B2 (en) * 2020-04-30 2023-11-21 Bed Patent Holdings Limited Liability Company Mattress
CN112356523B (zh) * 2020-08-29 2021-12-07 南京航空航天大学 基于可编程刚度的手性胞元构建的梯度点阵吸能结构及其3d打印方法
CN115251636A (zh) * 2021-04-29 2022-11-01 厦门新技术集成有限公司 沙发床

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Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0850579A3 (fr) * 1991-02-06 1998-08-05 The Ohio Mattress Company Licensing And Components Group Fixation d'un ressort
EP0653174A3 (fr) * 1993-11-10 1996-05-29 Senne Lizenz & Produkte Gmbh Elément de rembourrage avec plusieurs éléments de ressort disposés dans des configurations régulières.
BE1009623A3 (fr) * 1994-04-05 1997-06-03 Baumjohann Ferdinand Sommier.
DE4411703A1 (de) * 1994-04-05 1995-10-12 Ferdinand Baumjohann Matratzenträger
WO1996022478A1 (fr) * 1995-01-17 1996-07-25 Weinstein James D Dispositif de support imitant un fluide
EP0734666A1 (fr) * 1995-03-24 1996-10-02 FROLI Kunststoffe Heinrich Fromme Support pour coussin
DE19537197A1 (de) * 1995-10-06 1997-04-10 Huelsta Werke Huels Kg Federholzrahmen
DE29614891U1 (de) * 1995-10-26 1996-11-07 Heidinger, Florian, Dr., 83627 Warngau Stützelement
EP0770344B2 (fr) 1995-10-26 2003-01-29 Florian Dr. Heidinger Sommier
EP0826329A3 (fr) * 1996-08-27 1999-04-28 Florian Dr. Heidinger Procédé de fabrication d'un sommier, sommier fabriqué selon ce procédé, et élément de support utilisé dans un tel sommier
WO1999007259A3 (fr) * 1996-08-27 1999-04-29 Florian Heidinger Procede de fabrication d'un sommier, sommier obtenu suivant de procede et element d'appui utilisable dans un tel sommier
WO1999003379A2 (fr) 1997-07-18 1999-01-28 Froli Kunststoffwerk Heinrich Fromme Ohg Element d'appui pour la base de coussin de surfaces de siege ou de lit
DE29721656U1 (de) * 1997-12-09 1999-01-14 Froli Kunststoffe Heinrich Fromme, 33758 Schloß Holte-Stukenbrock Bettsystem
EP1038476A1 (fr) * 1999-02-25 2000-09-27 Siegbert Hartmann Elément de ressort
FR2791239A1 (fr) * 1999-03-25 2000-09-29 Oniris Sa Dispositif de suspension d'une latte de sommier
DE29909654U1 (de) * 1999-06-02 2000-08-10 Recticel Internationale Bettsysteme GmbH, 59439 Holzwickede Federelement zum Einsatz in einem Unterbett
EP1057433A1 (fr) 1999-06-02 2000-12-06 Recticel Internationale Bettsysteme GmbH Elément ressort pour utilisation dans un sommier
DE29919967U1 (de) * 1999-11-13 2001-04-05 Recticel Schlafkomfort GmbH, 44867 Bochum Bettrahmen mit einer Mehrzahl von die Matratzenauflage bildenden Federelementen
EP1099397A1 (fr) 1999-11-13 2001-05-16 Recticel Schlafkomfort GmbH Sommier avec une pluralité d'éléments-ressort constituant le support de matelas
EP1155643A3 (fr) * 2000-05-18 2002-09-11 Florian Dr. Heidinger Dispositif de support
EP1258217A3 (fr) * 2001-05-17 2004-01-14 Siegbert Hartmann Elément de ressort
EP1302135A3 (fr) * 2001-10-12 2004-01-21 Doc AG Siège ou lit comprenant une pluralité d'éléments ressorts et procédé de fabrication de ces éléments de ressorts
FR2832042A1 (fr) * 2001-11-13 2003-05-16 Creations Andre Renault Sommier et element de suspension pour sommier
BE1014979A3 (nl) * 2002-06-26 2004-07-06 Catry Alphonse Vering voor een matras of dergelijke.
EP1716790A1 (fr) * 2005-04-21 2006-11-02 Diemer & Dr. Jaspert GbR Système ressort
EP1878363A1 (fr) * 2006-07-13 2008-01-16 Valentino Fossati Construction à ressorts pour fabriquer des matelas et similaires
WO2009003788A1 (fr) * 2007-07-02 2009-01-08 Recticel Schlafkomfort Gmbh Construction de support pour un matelas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59004095D1 (de) 1994-02-17
ATE142090T1 (de) 1996-09-15
EP0543799B1 (fr) 1996-09-04
DE59010485D1 (de) 1996-10-10
CH681950A5 (fr) 1993-06-30
EP0543799A1 (fr) 1993-05-26
US5426799A (en) 1995-06-27
CH683234A5 (de) 1994-02-15
ATE99517T1 (de) 1994-01-15
EP0401712B1 (fr) 1994-01-05
ES2047759T3 (es) 1994-03-01
CA2057161A1 (fr) 1993-06-07
ES2090725T3 (es) 1996-10-16

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