EP0401685A1 - Vielwalzengerüst - Google Patents

Vielwalzengerüst Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0401685A1
EP0401685A1 EP90110360A EP90110360A EP0401685A1 EP 0401685 A1 EP0401685 A1 EP 0401685A1 EP 90110360 A EP90110360 A EP 90110360A EP 90110360 A EP90110360 A EP 90110360A EP 0401685 A1 EP0401685 A1 EP 0401685A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rolls
roll
crown
pair
rolling apparatus
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90110360A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0401685B1 (de
EP0401685B2 (de
Inventor
Yuichiro Watanabe
Kazuhito Kenmochi
Ikuo Yarita
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
JFE Steel Corp
Original Assignee
Kawasaki Steel Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=27552938&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0401685(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority claimed from JP1141059A external-priority patent/JPH07102367B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP14105889A external-priority patent/JPH0745047B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP14105789A external-priority patent/JPH0745046B2/ja
Priority claimed from JP1147958A external-priority patent/JPH0313212A/ja
Priority claimed from JP1147959A external-priority patent/JPH0313213A/ja
Priority claimed from JP1147960A external-priority patent/JPH0313214A/ja
Application filed by Kawasaki Steel Corp filed Critical Kawasaki Steel Corp
Publication of EP0401685A1 publication Critical patent/EP0401685A1/de
Publication of EP0401685B1 publication Critical patent/EP0401685B1/de
Publication of EP0401685B2 publication Critical patent/EP0401685B2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/42—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for step-by-step or planetary rolling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B13/00—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories
    • B21B13/14—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories having counter-pressure devices acting on rolls to inhibit deflection of same under load; Back-up rolls
    • B21B13/142—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories having counter-pressure devices acting on rolls to inhibit deflection of same under load; Back-up rolls by axially shifting the rolls, e.g. rolls with tapered ends or with a curved contour for continuously-variable crown CVC
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B13/00—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B13/00—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories
    • B21B13/14—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories having counter-pressure devices acting on rolls to inhibit deflection of same under load; Back-up rolls
    • B21B13/147—Cluster mills, e.g. Sendzimir mills, Rohn mills, i.e. each work roll being supported by two rolls only arranged symmetrically with respect to the plane passing through the working rolls

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multi-roll cluster rolling apparatus of the 12-high or 20-high class having superior flatness control characteristic.
  • multi-roll cluster rolling apparatus of 12-high or 20-high class has usually been used for cold rolling of materials which are difficult to work, e.g., stainless steels and silicon steels.
  • This type of multi-­roll cluster rolling apparatus offers an advantage in that, since the work rolls can have a reduced diameter, rolling at a large reduction ratio is possible with a smaller rolling load than in conventional vertical rolling mills.
  • this type of rolling apparatus suffers from a disadvantage in that the cross-sectional shape or flatness of the rolled products tends to be degraded due to greater tendency of work roll deflection attributable to the reduction in the diameter of the work rolls.
  • a method has been proposed in, for example, Japanese Patent Unexamined Publication No. 63-207405 in which intermediate rolls are tapered in axial direction at one their ends, and such tapered intermediate rolls are independently shifted in the axial directions.
  • the control effect can be obtained only in the regions near the tapered portions of these intermediate rolls.
  • a vertically-arranged rolling apparatus disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Unexamined Publication No. 63-­30104 employs axially shiftable rolls provided with S-­crowns the dimension of which can be approximated by cubic equations.
  • This rolling apparatus is not a multi-roll cluster rolling mill.
  • this rolling apparatus can produce the control effect only on both breadthwise ends and the central portion of the rolled material, and cannot satisfactorily prevent defects such as quarter elongation and composite elongation which is produced by combination of a center buckle and an edge wave.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a multi-roll cluster rolling apparatus of the 12-­high or 20-high class having superior profile control performance and capable of effecting correction of complicated profile defect such as quarter elongation and edge/center composite elongation, not to mention simple defects such as center buckle and edge wave, as well as correction of any edge drop, thereby overcoming the above-­described problems of the known art.
  • a multi-roll cluster rolling apparatus having a pair of work rolls, and a plurality of first intermediate rolls, a plurality of second intermediate rolls and a plurality of backup rolls arranged successively behind each the work roll.
  • a roll crown formed by unidirectionally tapering one end of a roll appears on at least a pair of rolls selected from a roll group consisting of the work rolls, first intermediate rolls and the second intermediate rolls.
  • a roll crown approximated by at least one-pitch portion of a waveform is imparted to at least one other pair of rolls selected from the roll group.
  • a roll crown approximated by at least two-­pitch portion of a waveform is imparted to at least one of the remaining pairs of rolls selected from the roll group, the rolls of each pair having the same roll crown being arranged in opposite axial directions and being axially shiftably mounted on a mill housing.
  • Figs. 1a and 1b are a side elevational view and a front elevational view of a multi-roll cluster rolling apparatus in accordance with the present invention.
  • a material under rolling is denoted by 1.
  • the rolling apparatus has work rolls 2, first intermediate rolls 3, second intermediate rolls 4 and divided-type backup rolls 5. More specifically, upper and lower work rolls 2, 2 are arranged to oppose each other across the rolled material 1.
  • Two first intermediate rolls 3,3 are arranged behind each work roll 2. Thus, there are four first intermediate rolls 3 in total.
  • six second intermediate rolls 4 are employed in total.
  • the three second intermediate rolls 4,4,4 on each side of the rolled material 1 are backed up by four divided-type backup rolls 5.
  • Numeral 6 designate roll bending devices.
  • Figs. 2a to 2d show the manner in which the roll gap between parallel single-end-tapered rolls is changed in accordance with axial shifts of these rolls. These rolls are tapered by grinding only at their one axial end regions which are opposite to each other, and will be referred to as "T-crown rolls" hereinafter.
  • Figs. 3a to 3c show the manner in which the roll gap between a pair of rolls is changed in accordance with axial shifts of these rolls, the rolls having a roll crown of a waveform approximated by one pitch of sine wave (referred to simply as "S-crown roll”) and arranged in opposite directions.
  • S-crown roll a roll crown of a waveform approximated by one pitch of sine wave
  • both rolls are vertically aligned with each other so as to provide a constant gap therebetween along the length of these rolls.
  • the rolls In the state shown in Fig. 3b, the rolls have been moved in opposite directions from the positions shown in Fig. 3a, so as to provide a roll gap which is large at the center and small at both breadthwise ends.
  • the rolls In the state shown in Fig. 3c, the rolls have been moved in the directions counter to those in Fig. 3b, so as to provide a roll gap which is small at the center and large at both breadthwise ends.
  • Figs. 4a to 4c show the manner in which the roll gap between a pair of rolls is changed in accordance with axial shifts of these rolls, when the rolls have a roll crown of a waveform approximated by two pitches of sine wave (referred to simply as "W-crown roll”) and are arranged in opposite directions.
  • W-crown roll a roll crown of a waveform approximated by two pitches of sine wave
  • both rolls are vertically aligned with each other so as to provide a constant gap therebetween along the length of these rolls.
  • the rolls In the state shown in Fig. 4b, the rolls have been moved in opposite directions from the positions shown in Fig. 4a, so as to provide a roll gap which is large at the center and both breadthwise ends and small at the quater portions.
  • the rolls In the state shown in Fig. 4c, the rolls have been moved in the directions counter to those in Fig. 4b, so as to provide a roll gap which is small at the center and both breadthwise ends and large at the quater portions.
  • a 20-high rolling apparatus of the type shown in Fig. 1 was built up by using pair of T-crown rolls as the first intermediate rolls, and a pairs of S- or W-crown rolls as the second intermediate rolls.
  • a test was conducted to examine the profile control performance of this rolling apparatus by independently shifting these intermediate rolls. The result of this test are shown in Fig. 5 in comparison with the case where the backup roll sections corresponding to the quater portions are forced out.
  • lengths of straight lines represent the level of the profile control performance, while the gradients of the lines represent the ratios of controls of elongations.
  • Shifting of the W-crown rolls alone can provide an appreciable effect in the control of the quater elongation and the edge/center, but is quite ineffective in the control of the edge wave and the center buckle.
  • FIG. 6 Another 20-high rolling apparatus of the type shown in Fig.1 was built up by using T-, S- and W-crown rolls as the work rolls, first intermediate rolls and the second intermediate rolls, respectively, and the profile correction performance of this rolling apparatus was examined. The result is shown in Fig. 6 together with the results of the same investigation conducted on a conventional apparatus which incorporated T-crown rolls as the first intermediate rolls in combination with roll benders and also with divided backup roll force-out method.
  • the rolling apparatus of the present invention which employs T-, S- and W-crown rolls in combination and which relies upon suitable axial shifts of these rolls, exhibited superior effect in correcting quarter elongation, composite elongation and edge drop, not to mention simple edge wave and center buckle. It is thus understood that the apparatus of the present invention can conduct a flatness control over wide ranges. This should be contrasted to the conventional apparatus which could provide certain effects on the control of the edge wave and the center buckle but no substantial effect in the correction of edge/center composite elongation and quarter elongation.
  • the merits of different types of roll crown are combined while demerits are canceled, thus overcoming the difficulty in the flatness control caused in current rolling apparatus having rolls of large length-to-diameter (L/D) ratio values and incorporating a large number of intermediate and backup rolls.
  • L/D length-to-diameter
  • S- and W-crowned may be any pair or pairs of rolls selected from the roll groups consisting of the work rolls, first intermediate rolls and the second intermediate rolls. It is, however, preferred that the pair of rolls to which the crown of the same type is applied belong to the same roll group, i.e., to the group consisting of the work rolls, group consisting of the first intermediate rolls or the group consisting of the third intermediate groups.
  • the types and degrees of the rolling defects vary depending on the type of the steel material to be rolled and also on the rolling conditions. The types of roll crown and the rolls to which these crowns are imparted are determined in consideration of the types and degrees of such rolling defects.
  • the invention does not exclude a simultaneous use of roll benders. A greater effect on elongations at the edges such as edge wave will be obtained when roll benders are used in combination with the roll arrangement of the present invention.
  • the waveforms or curves of the crown to be imparted may be one- or two-pitch section of a sine-wave curve or a curve of a function of three or higher orders, as well as curves approximating these curves, among which one- or two-­pitch portion of a sine-wave curve or a curve approximating such a curve is used most suitably.
  • a 20-high rolling apparatus of the type shown in Fig. 1 was built-up using single-end-tapered T-crown rolls of Fig. 8a as the work rolls, S-crown rolls of the type shown in Fig. 9 approximated by one-pitch of a sine-wave curve as all the first intermediate rolls 3, and W-crown rolls of Fig. 10 approximated by two-pitch portion of a sine wave curve as selected second intermediate rolls which are hatched in Fig. 1.
  • a test rolling was conducted to roll a stainless steel sheet of 1000 mm wide from 1.2 mm down to 1.0 mm, while axially shifting the work rolls, first intermediate rolls and the second intermediate rolls in various manners.
  • Fig. 11a shows the above-mentioned roll arrangement
  • Fig. 11b shows the range of profile control which can be covered by this rolling apparatus.
  • Fig. 11b also shows the results of the same test rolling reduction conducted to examine the profile control performance of a known rolling apparatus which incorporated axially-shiftable single-end tapered rolls of the type shown in Figs. 8b and 8c as the first and second intermediate rolls, together with a control by force-out of segments of divided backup rolls.
  • the known apparatus could effect the profile control only in a small range.
  • ability to correct composite elongation and quarter elongation is very small.
  • this known apparatus require a change in the taper of the first or second intermediate rolls depending on conditions such as the kind and breadth of the material to be rolled.
  • the rolling apparatus embodying the invention exhibited an ability to correct all types of elongations including composite and quarter elongations over wide ranges, and could effect a good profile control for a variety of types of the rolled material without requiring change of the intermediate rolls .
  • a 20-high rolling apparatus of the type shown in Fig. 1 was built-up by using, as shown in Fig. 12a, T-crown rolls of Fig. 8b as the first intermediate rolls, W-crown rolls of Fig. 10 approximated by two-pitch portion of a sine-wave curve as the outer four intermediate rolls, i.e., left and right pairs of the second intermediate rolls, and S-crown rolls of Fig. 9 approximated by one-pitch portion of a sine-wave curve as the central pair of the second intermediate rolls.
  • a test rolling was conducted under the same conditions as Example 1 to examine the profile control ability of this apparatus, the results being shown in Fig. 12b.
  • a 20-high rolling apparatus of the type shown in Fig. 1 was built-up by using, as shown in Fig. 13a, T-crown rolls of Fig. 8b as the first intermediate rolls, and W-crown rolls of Fig. 10 approximated by two-pitch portion of a sine-wave curve as the outer four intermediate rolls, i.e., left and right pairs of the second intermediate rolls.
  • a test rolling was conducted under the same conditions as Example 1 to examine the profile control ability of this apparatus, the results being shown in Fig. 13b.
  • a 12-high rolling apparatus of the type shown in Fig. 13a was built-up by using, as shown in Fig. 14a, S-crown rolls of Fig. 9 approximated by one-pitch portion of a sine-wave curve as the work rolls, W-crown rolls of Fig. 10 approximated by two-pitch portion of a sine-wave curve as the rolls of one of the left and right pairs of the intermediate rolls, each pair including an upper roll and a lower roll, and T-crown rolls of Fig. 8b as the rolls of the other of the left and right pairs of the intermediate rolls.
  • this rolling apparatus with simultaneous use of the divided backup roll force-out control and roll benders, a test rolling was conducted under the same conditions as Example 1 to examine the profile control ability of this apparatus.
  • Fig. 14b also shows the results of the same test rolling reduction conducted to examine the profile control performance of a known rolling apparatus which incorporated axially-shiftable single-end tapered rolls of the type shown in Fig. 8b as the intermediate rolls, together with a control by force-out of segments of divided backup rolls.
  • a 12-high rolling apparatus was built up by using, as shown in Fig. 15a, T-crown rolls of Fig.8 as the work rolls, and W-crown rolls of Fig. 10 approximated by two pitches of a sine-wave curve as the intermediate rolls of one of two pairs of intermediate rolls, each pair including two rolls which are in symmetry with each other with respect to a point on the pinched portion of the rolled material.
  • a control by force-out of segments of divided backup rolls was used simultaneously.
  • a test rolling was conducted under the same conditions as Example 4 to examine the profile control ability of this apparatus, the results being shown in Fig. 14b.
  • the multi-roll cluster rolling apparatus of the present invention offers excellent performance for effecting correction of rolling defects such as quater elongation and composite elongation, as well as edge drop, not to mention the simple deformation such as edge wave and center buckle, thus realizing a superior flatness control effect over a wide range.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Reduction Rolling/Reduction Stand/Operation Of Reduction Machine (AREA)
  • Control Of Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
EP90110360A 1989-06-05 1990-05-31 Vielwalzengerüst Expired - Lifetime EP0401685B2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (18)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1141059A JPH07102367B2 (ja) 1989-06-05 1989-06-05 多段圧延機
JP14105889 1989-06-05
JP14105789 1989-06-05
JP14105789A JPH0745046B2 (ja) 1989-06-05 1989-06-05 多段圧延機
JP141059/89 1989-06-05
JP14105889A JPH0745047B2 (ja) 1989-06-05 1989-06-05 多段圧延機
JP141057/89 1989-06-05
JP14105989 1989-06-05
JP141058/89 1989-06-05
JP14796089 1989-06-09
JP1147959A JPH0313213A (ja) 1989-06-09 1989-06-09 多段圧延機
JP1147958A JPH0313212A (ja) 1989-06-09 1989-06-09 多段圧延機
JP14795989 1989-06-09
JP1147960A JPH0313214A (ja) 1989-06-09 1989-06-09 多段圧延機
JP14795889 1989-06-09
JP147958/89 1989-06-09
JP147959/89 1989-06-09
JP147960/89 1989-06-09

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0401685A1 true EP0401685A1 (de) 1990-12-12
EP0401685B1 EP0401685B1 (de) 1994-05-25
EP0401685B2 EP0401685B2 (de) 2000-03-08

Family

ID=27552938

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90110360A Expired - Lifetime EP0401685B2 (de) 1989-06-05 1990-05-31 Vielwalzengerüst

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0401685B2 (de)
KR (1) KR930006110B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2018261C (de)
DE (1) DE69009102T3 (de)
FI (1) FI902759A0 (de)
NO (1) NO178254C (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0490700A2 (de) * 1990-12-14 1992-06-17 T. Sendzimir, Inc. Verfahren zum Betrieb und Kontrolle der Balligkeitsregelung in Vielwalzengerüsten
WO2003022470A1 (de) * 2001-09-12 2003-03-20 Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh & Co Walzgerüst zur herstellung von walzband
DE112005002080B4 (de) * 2004-08-30 2009-04-09 Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. Verfahren zum Design eines Walzenprofils und Stahlwalze mit einer in Form einer Polynomfunktion ausgedrückten Kurve des Walzenprofils

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3218008B2 (ja) * 1998-03-30 2001-10-15 株式会社日立製作所 クラスター型圧延機及び圧延方法
RU2428268C2 (ru) 2006-06-14 2011-09-10 Сименс Фаи Металз Текнолоджиз Гмбх Прокатная клеть для изготовления катаной ленты или листа
JP5578892B2 (ja) * 2010-03-11 2014-08-27 株式会社神戸製鋼所 多段圧延機

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2919105A1 (de) * 1978-05-19 1979-11-22 Sendzimir Inc T Walzwerk
DE2835514B1 (de) * 1978-08-12 1980-01-10 Sundwiger Eisen Maschinen Vorrichtung zum axialen Verschieben von konischen Zwischenwalzen in einem Mehrrollen-Walzgeruest
EP0255714A2 (de) * 1986-08-05 1988-02-10 SUNDWIGER EISENHÜTTE MASCHINENFABRIK GmbH & CO. Vielwalzen-Walzgerüst mit paarweise gegensinnig verschiebbaren, verjüngte Enden aufweisenden Zwischenwalzen
EP0294544B1 (de) * 1987-04-09 1992-03-18 Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Walzgerüst mit axial verschiebbaren Walzen

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2919105A1 (de) * 1978-05-19 1979-11-22 Sendzimir Inc T Walzwerk
DE2835514B1 (de) * 1978-08-12 1980-01-10 Sundwiger Eisen Maschinen Vorrichtung zum axialen Verschieben von konischen Zwischenwalzen in einem Mehrrollen-Walzgeruest
EP0255714A2 (de) * 1986-08-05 1988-02-10 SUNDWIGER EISENHÜTTE MASCHINENFABRIK GmbH & CO. Vielwalzen-Walzgerüst mit paarweise gegensinnig verschiebbaren, verjüngte Enden aufweisenden Zwischenwalzen
EP0294544B1 (de) * 1987-04-09 1992-03-18 Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Walzgerüst mit axial verschiebbaren Walzen

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0490700A2 (de) * 1990-12-14 1992-06-17 T. Sendzimir, Inc. Verfahren zum Betrieb und Kontrolle der Balligkeitsregelung in Vielwalzengerüsten
EP0490700A3 (en) * 1990-12-14 1992-08-26 T. Sendzimir, Inc. Method of operation and control of crown adjustment system drives on cluster mills
WO2003022470A1 (de) * 2001-09-12 2003-03-20 Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh & Co Walzgerüst zur herstellung von walzband
US7316146B2 (en) 2001-09-12 2008-01-08 Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh & Co. Rolling stand for producing rolled strip
DE112005002080B4 (de) * 2004-08-30 2009-04-09 Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. Verfahren zum Design eines Walzenprofils und Stahlwalze mit einer in Form einer Polynomfunktion ausgedrückten Kurve des Walzenprofils
DE112005002080C5 (de) * 2004-08-30 2016-05-25 Baoshan Iron & Steel Co.,Ltd. Verfahren zum Design eines Walzenprofils und Stahlwalze mit einer in Form einer Polynomfunktion ausgedrückten Kurve des Walzenprofils

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU604620B1 (en) 1990-12-20
DE69009102T2 (de) 1994-09-29
NO902458L (no) 1990-12-06
KR910000254A (ko) 1991-01-29
DE69009102T3 (de) 2001-02-08
EP0401685B1 (de) 1994-05-25
NO902458D0 (no) 1990-06-01
CA2018261A1 (en) 1990-12-05
NO178254C (no) 1996-02-21
KR930006110B1 (ko) 1993-07-07
NO178254B (no) 1995-11-13
DE69009102D1 (de) 1994-06-30
CA2018261C (en) 1994-11-15
FI902759A0 (fi) 1990-06-04
EP0401685B2 (de) 2000-03-08

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