EP0329602B1 - Verfahren und Anordnung zum Puffern und Konvertieren von vorzugsweise in Schuppenformation anfallenden, flächigen Erzeugnissen - Google Patents

Verfahren und Anordnung zum Puffern und Konvertieren von vorzugsweise in Schuppenformation anfallenden, flächigen Erzeugnissen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0329602B1
EP0329602B1 EP89810026A EP89810026A EP0329602B1 EP 0329602 B1 EP0329602 B1 EP 0329602B1 EP 89810026 A EP89810026 A EP 89810026A EP 89810026 A EP89810026 A EP 89810026A EP 0329602 B1 EP0329602 B1 EP 0329602B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
products
roll
main
winding
modules
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89810026A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0329602A3 (en
EP0329602A2 (de
Inventor
Jacques Meier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ferag AG
Original Assignee
Ferag AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ferag AG filed Critical Ferag AG
Publication of EP0329602A2 publication Critical patent/EP0329602A2/de
Publication of EP0329602A3 publication Critical patent/EP0329602A3/de
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Publication of EP0329602B1 publication Critical patent/EP0329602B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H29/00—Delivering or advancing articles from machines; Advancing articles to or into piles
    • B65H29/006—Winding articles into rolls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H29/00—Delivering or advancing articles from machines; Advancing articles to or into piles
    • B65H29/02—Delivering or advancing articles from machines; Advancing articles to or into piles by mechanical grippers engaging the leading edge only of the articles
    • B65H29/04—Delivering or advancing articles from machines; Advancing articles to or into piles by mechanical grippers engaging the leading edge only of the articles the grippers being carried by endless chains or bands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
    • B65H2301/40—Type of handling process
    • B65H2301/41—Winding, unwinding
    • B65H2301/419—Winding, unwinding from or to storage, i.e. the storage integrating winding or unwinding means
    • B65H2301/4192—Winding, unwinding from or to storage, i.e. the storage integrating winding or unwinding means for handling articles of limited length in shingled formation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/10—Handled articles or webs
    • B65H2701/19—Specific article or web
    • B65H2701/1932—Signatures, folded printed matter, newspapers or parts thereof and books

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an arrangement for buffering and converting flat products, in particular printed products, which accumulate preferably in scale formation, according to the preamble of patent claims 1 and 10, respectively.
  • CH-PS 654 553 and CH-PS 654 554 which make it possible to replace the main winding of the winding station in only one winding station with an additional intermediate winding without interrupting the working process.
  • the products have to be wound up in double layers and divided into two separate shingled streams for further processing by means of a special device. If a winding is to be processed further in another working area, such an additional device for unwinding the double winding must be provided there.
  • this process requires a change of the roll at relatively short intervals.
  • the products are obtained in a certain arrangement in various processing processes.
  • newspapers on conveyor lines are often transported with the federal government ahead, magazines with the flower ahead.
  • the mutual arrangement of the Products vary with regard to a large number of other parameters (phase, top / bottom support, spatial location, etc.).
  • Devices are generally known, for example, which convert the printed products (which would otherwise be superlative if they were simply unwound) wound into a product stream which is in turn undershot. Previous devices of this type are always intended for special applications and therefore only allow such parameters to be converted to a limited extent. In addition, these devices do not provide any possibility of buffering products.
  • the method according to the invention allows a continuous feeding of any, preferably flexible, flat products resulting in scale formation.
  • the method is preferably used in connection with printed products.
  • At least two winding stations arranged one behind the other in the conveying direction are fed via a common main feed means, a feed belt or feed conveyor.
  • a common main feed means e.g., a feed belt or feed conveyor.
  • two or preferably more winding stations can be provided.
  • the alternate loading of these winding stations can be controlled as desired.
  • By means of a suitable arrangement of a common main discharge means or a similar conveying device it is possible to simultaneously load a roll and to remove products from the device from another roll, the ratio of the products fed in and out being controllable as desired.
  • the arrangement according to the invention contains at least two winding modules with exchangeable winding cores or windings.
  • Main feed means, the winding planes of the winding modules and main discharge means are preferably in a vertical plane.
  • the main feed means is carried out in a straight line above the winding stations and has at least a number of branching points or points corresponding to the number of winding stations.
  • the individual branches to the winding stations lead the products to the windings preferably on their underside.
  • Each winding station has a connection to the main laxative, which is carried out in a straight line under the winding stations.
  • the idea is to create a multifunction device that can perform a variety of functions with the least possible effort. This makes use of the fact that for buffering there are necessarily devices, such as additional winding stations, which bring the machine requirements for further functions, in particular the change in the input parameters. This optimizes the total mechanical effort in an overall system.
  • the device according to the invention at only one point in an overall system, the latter can be optimized in its entirety and made more flexible. There is no longer a need, for example, for the printing press, inserting and bundling devices, etc. to be coordinated in terms of their working speed, since the offline buffer forms the necessary interface both in this regard and in relation to other parameters.
  • the off-line buffer device 1 which contains a suitable number of winding modules 41-45, is supplied with printed products with a clock frequency t 1, an orientation o 1, a phase p and a mutual position l 1.
  • Phase p or the phase position is to be understood as the mutual displacement of the printed products in the transport direction.
  • Orientation o describes the spatial position of the printed products (e.g.
  • the mutual position l indicates whether the printed products at input 2 are fed under or undershot .
  • the printed products with a clock frequency t2, a phase p, one Orientation o2 and a mutual position l2 given.
  • number of side entrances 21-25 empty or loaded windings with printed products can be fed to the offline buffer 1.
  • the printed products wound on the winding cores can be characterized in an analogous manner with parameters l21-l25, o21-o25, which describe the "frozen" state of the products, etc.
  • full, empty or partially unwound wraps can be removed from the offline buffer. [In general, input parameters are designated with x i and output parameters with y i in the following].
  • the windings fed or removed via these side inlets or outlets are equipped with printed products in such a way that they preferably have the same phase p, but otherwise each turn itself can contain printed products of its own orientation o and mutual position l.
  • At least one of the winding modules 41-45 of the offline buffer 1 can change the position 1 and the orientation o of the printed products fed to it via the main entrance or side entrances (2, 21-25).
  • a direct connection 5 between main input 2 and main output 3 can be provided.
  • Each winding module 41-45 can contain a main and a buffer winding station or additional devices for converting the parameters.
  • the main input 2 is connected to the individual winding modules 41-45 and the main output 3 via input switches 51-55, which have the function of switches.
  • the outputs of the individual winding modules are connected to the main output 3 via output switches 56-60.
  • products can be supplied to the main entrance 2 from different plants, ie a multiple entrance 2 can be provided.
  • the main exit 3 is simultaneously directly from the main entrance and / or from one or more winding modules can be supplied with products, these being spliced together by suitable merging at the output switches 56-60 to form a uniform scale formation or individual printed sheets or bundles subsequently being inserted into them.
  • a buffer clock according to CH-PS 610276 or US-PS 4,072,228 can be used for this purpose, as is described in more detail in connection with FIG. 5.
  • Printed sheets printed on one side are, for example, undershot and with their printed side facing upwards to the main entrance 2 at a clock frequency t 1. If the printed products at the main output are to be produced with their underside upwards and with a lower clock frequency t2, the main input 2 is to be connected via one of the input switches 51-55 to a winding module, at the output of which the printed products can be led out with the desired orientation o2. It is obvious that in this example the clock frequency can only be changed if a part of the printed products is buffered. This happens because, for example, a winding of a first winding module is filled. The main entrance 2 is then automatically connected to a second winding module.
  • the desired clock frequency t2 is achieved in that the printed products are unwound from the corresponding second winding module at the desired speed and fed to the main output 3.
  • the winding as a whole can also be removed from this winding module via the corresponding side exit.
  • this table represents only one example of the functions that can be carried out within a winding module. It is of course possible to link the functions by connecting at least two winding modules in series, for example to obtain a type 6 winding module by connecting two types 2 and 3 modules in series.
  • additional switches 71, 72 are provided within the buffer device 1, which in the arrangement shown permit, for example, a series connection of the winding modules 41, 42 and 44.
  • the offline buffer can contain two or preferably more winding modules 41-45.
  • full windings can be fed from such a store via the side entrances 21 to 25 of the offline buffer arrangement and by unwinding are given in a suitable winding module 41-45 with desired output parameters y i at the main exit 3 without products being produced at the main entrance 2.
  • the present invention accordingly allows, on the one hand, to record the resulting printed products in the off-line buffer and, if necessary, to store them temporarily and, on the other hand, can be used as a functional arrangement for converting the parameters x i which can be assigned to the products.
  • the output parameters y i are functionally dependent on the input parameters x i , the possible functions on the one hand by the types of the winding modules within the arrangement (see table) and on the other hand by their mutual additional connections, for example 71, 72 in FIG. 1, given are.
  • the buffer arrangement can be expanded by coordination with an additional, separate warehouse. In the manner described, products wound onto a winding can be inserted, converted and directly wound onto a new winding (by switching the additional switches 71, 72 accordingly) or removed from the main exit 3 for further processing via the side entrances 21-25.
  • the arrangement is controlled by a computer unit which monitors the state of the individual winding modules and takes over the functional control of the system.
  • sensors for monitoring can be provided in the area of the conveyor lines, which detect any faults (for example an interruption of the scale flow).
  • a central computer is preferably used to at least feed and discharge the products via the inputs and outputs (2, 3, 21-25, 31-35), the winding processes of the individual winding modules (41-45), the position of the switches (51 -60, 71, 72) and the connections between the winding modules (41-45) and the inputs and outputs (2, 3, 21-25, 31-35) by means of optical, for example Sensors monitored and / or controlled.
  • the main feed means 11, the main discharge means 12 and three winding modules 41, 42, 43 can be seen in FIG.
  • a conveyor connection 61, 62, 63 leads via a group of input switches 51, 52, 53 to the corresponding winding modules 41-43 and feeds the printed products to them from below.
  • the winding modules each contain a winding station 8 with winding brackets 46-48, which are used for winding and unwinding windings 10.
  • the windings 10 have a winding core 9, which allows the windings to be exchanged in the winding stations.
  • winding stations the winding and unwinding or the manner in which the winding or winding core is exchanged can be found in EP patents 281790, 243837, 161569.
  • the winding modules are arranged one behind the other in the conveying direction in such a way that the winding planes, ie the center planes of the windings of the individual winding stations 8 perpendicular to the winding axis, are perpendicular and in one plane.
  • the feed belt is carried out in a straight line over the winding modules 41-43.
  • the main laxative 12 is under the winding modules, parallel to the Main feeding means and the winding levels.
  • supply and discharge means can of course be interchanged or slightly shifted laterally with respect to the winding modules.
  • individual winding modules can also be offset laterally for special applications, the feed and discharge having corresponding switches or connecting conveyor sections to overcome the lateral offset.
  • the device can contain other types of conveying means, for example a clip conveyor, a tape conveyor or a clip chain system, instead of a feed or discharge belt.
  • conveying means can be used for the connecting sections between the entrance oaks 51, 52, 53 to the individual winding modules 41, 42, 43.
  • All conveyor lines and winding modules are therefore aligned parallel to a vertical plane.
  • This arrangement of the winding modules or the conveyor belts has the great advantage that all winding modules 41-43 or the windings held on their winding brackets 46-48 can be easily reached from at least one side, so that the windings or winding cores, for example, with a Floor conveyor, which can travel back and forth along the arrangement in a path that is also parallel to this plane, can be gripped and exchanged.
  • This simple handling option enables the use of special, for example inductively controlled, handling devices. Due to the interchangeability of the rolls, any quantity of printed products can be buffered in a space-saving and cost-effective manner in a separate warehouse.
  • winding modules Since it is necessary to replace the windings very frequently in the case of high working capacities, at least three winding modules are generally required. As can be seen from the drawing, in this exemplary embodiment, those in the description of the method according to the invention fall mentioned side inputs 21-25 and side outputs 31-35 together, ie the windings are inserted and removed at the same location of the winding module.
  • a second conveyor connection 66, 67, 68 with a 180 Deflection leads from each winding module to the common main removal means 12.
  • the products obtained via the main feeding means 11 are turned by winding and unwinding in a winding module, ie their orientation is changed.
  • all winding modules 41-43 are the same and correspond to the type 2 mentioned above. If the unwinding speed of the individual winding modules is controllable, a desired clock frequency can also be achieved at the output 3, given the corresponding speed of the discharge belt 12.
  • FIG. 1 A further exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG.
  • the main feed means 11, the main feed means 12, input switches 51-53 and three winding modules 41-43 can again be seen.
  • Each winding module here contains a winding station 8 and a winding device 7.
  • the manner of winding is described, for example, in Swiss Patent 657,115.
  • Turnouts 74-76 connect the main winding 8 on the one hand with the main feed means 11 and on the other hand with the wrapping device 7.
  • the wrapped printed products can be brought from a wrapping device onto the main removal means 12 through a group of output turnouts 56, 57, 58. As can easily be seen, the printed products maintain both their orientation and their mutual position between the main entrance 2 and the main exit 3.
  • FIG 4 shows an arrangement with two winding modules 41, 42 of type 2 or 6 and two winding modules 43, 44 of type 8.
  • the winding modules 41, 42 have a deflection device 79 which turns the printed products through 180 °, i.e. whose orientation o changes.
  • Using an associated switch 78 either the winding device 7 or the deflection device 79 of these winding modules can be activated. Accordingly, the printed products supplied via the conveyor connection 61, 62 are fed to the main discharge means 12 in an unchanged manner or turned through 180 °, depending on the position of the switches 78.
  • the products are to be fed to the main outlet 3 unchanged, they can be buffered by switching the input calipers 51-54 via any of the winding modules 41-44.
  • the winding modules 41 and 42 are preferably used. It is of course also possible to carry out buffering via the winding modules 43 and 44 and to carry out the conversion in a second work step using module 41 or 42.
  • the drive In order to control the rotational speed of the reel during unwinding (changing the clock frequency t1 to t2), the drive must be variable in speed. For example, a reversible, pole-changing asynchronous motor is used.
  • the switch devices 51-60, 71, 72, 79, etc. are sufficiently known from the prior art and can be implemented, for example, by means of short, pivotable conveyor belt sections.
  • FIG. 5 shows another possible application of the method according to the invention.
  • the basic diagram and the reference numbers correspond to FIG. 1.
  • a buffer clock 77 as is known, for example, from Swiss Patent 610 276. This makes it possible to discharge products 41-45 simultaneously from connection 5 and / or from different winding modules.
  • the corresponding product flows are "spliced together" by means of the buffer clock 77, i.e. added to a single stream and fed to the main output 3.
  • at least one return 80 is provided after the main exit 3 to the main entrance 2. As shown, this return 80 can start after a first machine module 81, which represents a processing step of the products.
  • a return 80 ′ to the input 2 can be provided after each further machine module. This ensures that if any machine module fails, the products can be returned to the main entrance 2 and accordingly only one buffer arrangement 1 has to be provided within an overall system.
  • a device for carrying out this method can be achieved in a simple manner in that the returns, similar to the conveyor lines 61-63 in FIG. 2, are returned to the main feed means from above.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Discharge By Other Means (AREA)
  • Replacement Of Web Rolls (AREA)
  • Collation Of Sheets And Webs (AREA)
  • Winding Of Webs (AREA)
  • Holo Graphy (AREA)
  • Container Filling Or Packaging Operations (AREA)
  • Separation, Sorting, Adjustment, Or Bending Of Sheets To Be Conveyed (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
  • Memory System Of A Hierarchy Structure (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Signal Processing For Digital Recording And Reproducing (AREA)
  • Buffer Packaging (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
EP89810026A 1988-02-17 1989-01-12 Verfahren und Anordnung zum Puffern und Konvertieren von vorzugsweise in Schuppenformation anfallenden, flächigen Erzeugnissen Expired - Lifetime EP0329602B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH580/88 1988-02-17
CH58088 1988-02-17

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0329602A2 EP0329602A2 (de) 1989-08-23
EP0329602A3 EP0329602A3 (en) 1990-07-04
EP0329602B1 true EP0329602B1 (de) 1994-06-22

Family

ID=4190293

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89810026A Expired - Lifetime EP0329602B1 (de) 1988-02-17 1989-01-12 Verfahren und Anordnung zum Puffern und Konvertieren von vorzugsweise in Schuppenformation anfallenden, flächigen Erzeugnissen

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (2) US5004092A (ru)
EP (1) EP0329602B1 (ru)
JP (1) JP2996667B2 (ru)
AT (1) ATE107604T1 (ru)
AU (1) AU609562B2 (ru)
CA (1) CA1328575C (ru)
DE (1) DE58907916D1 (ru)
DK (1) DK174270B1 (ru)
FI (1) FI93438C (ru)
GB (1) GB2216108B (ru)
HK (2) HK108193A (ru)
RU (1) RU2042601C1 (ru)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19600809B4 (de) * 1995-01-31 2004-12-16 Ferag Ag Verfahren zum Speichern von flächigen Erzeugnissen

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5158277A (en) * 1990-05-21 1992-10-27 SFT AG Spontanfordertichnik Method and apparatus for conveying printed products
US5197727A (en) * 1991-02-06 1993-03-30 Fmc Corporation Interleaving apparatus for rolled up segments
US5161793A (en) * 1991-02-06 1992-11-10 Fmc Corporation Interleaving apparatus for rolled up segments
ATE146155T1 (de) * 1991-03-22 1996-12-15 Sft Ag Spontanfoerdertechnik Verfahren und anlage zur zwischenlagerung und/oder umordnung von druckprodukten in schuppenformation
CH685992A5 (de) * 1992-07-22 1995-11-30 Grapha Holding Ag Einrichtung fur die Verarbeitung von Druckprodukten.
DK0677470T3 (da) * 1994-04-15 1998-10-07 Ferag Ag Fremgangsmåde til lagring af fladeformede produkter
CH690300A5 (de) * 1995-09-20 2000-07-14 Ferag Ag Verfahren zur Zuführung von Druckprodukten in Form von Schuppenströmen zu Verarbeitungsstationen und Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.
DK0990535T3 (da) 1998-09-28 2004-03-22 Grapha Holding Ag Fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af trykte produkter ved indstikning af i det mindste et delprodukt i et hovedprodukt og indretning til gennemførelse af fremgangsmåden
US7059532B2 (en) * 2003-01-09 2006-06-13 Datacard Corporation System and method for storing and synchronizing forms between printer and device for attaching personalized cards by creating shingled stacks

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2207556C3 (de) * 1972-02-18 1975-06-12 Burda Farben Kg, 7600 Offenburg Vorrichtung zum Speichern von nicht zusammenhängenden flächenförmigen Gebilden, wie Druckbogen
CH610276A5 (ru) * 1975-05-20 1979-04-12 Ferag Ag
DE2544135C2 (de) * 1975-10-02 1982-11-25 Windmöller & Hölscher, 4540 Lengerich Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Schuppenbandrollen aus geschuppt übereinander abgelegten flachen Werkstücken
CH642602A5 (de) * 1980-07-15 1984-04-30 Ferag Ag Einrichtung zum stapeln von im schuppenstrom anfallenden druckprodukten, wie zeitungen, zeitschriften und dergleichen.
US4509634A (en) * 1981-01-12 1985-04-09 Sasib S.P.A. Buffer storage apparatus
CH654554A5 (de) * 1981-12-09 1986-02-28 Ferag Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur entnahme von auf einen wickelkern aufgewickelten flaechigen erzeugnissen, vorzugsweise druckprodukten.
CH654553A5 (de) * 1981-12-09 1986-02-28 Ferag Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zum speichern von kontinuierlich, insbesondere in einem schuppenstrom, anfallenden flaechigen erzeugnissen, vorzugsweise druckprodukten.
CH655489B (ru) * 1982-02-15 1986-04-30
CH655076A5 (de) * 1982-03-30 1986-03-27 Grapha Holding Ag Vorrichtung zum stapeln von druckbogen.
CH655487B (ru) * 1982-05-05 1986-04-30
CH657115A5 (de) * 1982-06-03 1986-08-15 Ferag Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verarbeiten von in einer schuppenformation anfallenden druckprodukten.
CH664138A5 (de) * 1984-10-12 1988-02-15 Grapha Holding Ag Fliessfertigungsstrecke fuer druckerzeugnisse.
CH668411A5 (de) * 1985-12-20 1988-12-30 Ferag Ag Vorrichtung zum speichern von in schuppenformation anfallenden druckprodukten.

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19600809B4 (de) * 1995-01-31 2004-12-16 Ferag Ag Verfahren zum Speichern von flächigen Erzeugnissen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK714388D0 (da) 1988-12-21
DK714388A (da) 1989-08-18
CA1328575C (en) 1994-04-19
AU2763388A (en) 1989-08-17
FI93438C (fi) 1995-04-10
JPH01252455A (ja) 1989-10-09
DE58907916D1 (de) 1994-07-28
EP0329602A3 (en) 1990-07-04
GB8901112D0 (en) 1989-03-15
FI93438B (fi) 1994-12-30
GB2216108A (en) 1989-10-04
RU2042601C1 (ru) 1995-08-27
US5004092A (en) 1991-04-02
ATE107604T1 (de) 1994-07-15
HK108193A (en) 1993-10-22
US5074398A (en) 1991-12-24
FI890761A (fi) 1989-08-18
FI890761A0 (fi) 1989-02-16
EP0329602A2 (de) 1989-08-23
HK111193A (en) 1993-10-29
DK174270B1 (da) 2002-10-28
GB2216108B (en) 1992-09-09
JP2996667B2 (ja) 2000-01-11
AU609562B2 (en) 1991-05-02

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