EP0317905B1 - Procédé d'étirage des tuyaux métalliques sans soudure - Google Patents

Procédé d'étirage des tuyaux métalliques sans soudure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0317905B1
EP0317905B1 EP88119170A EP88119170A EP0317905B1 EP 0317905 B1 EP0317905 B1 EP 0317905B1 EP 88119170 A EP88119170 A EP 88119170A EP 88119170 A EP88119170 A EP 88119170A EP 0317905 B1 EP0317905 B1 EP 0317905B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
die
pipe
mandrel
following
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88119170A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0317905A3 (en
EP0317905A2 (fr
Inventor
Klaus-Peter Uhlmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KM Kabelmetal AG
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KM Kabelmetal AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19873739730 external-priority patent/DE3739730C1/de
Application filed by KM Kabelmetal AG filed Critical KM Kabelmetal AG
Priority to AT88119170T priority Critical patent/ATE79059T1/de
Publication of EP0317905A2 publication Critical patent/EP0317905A2/fr
Publication of EP0317905A3 publication Critical patent/EP0317905A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0317905B1 publication Critical patent/EP0317905B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
    • B21C1/16—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes
    • B21C1/22—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes specially adapted for making tubular articles
    • B21C1/24—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes specially adapted for making tubular articles by means of mandrels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Modern production for seamless copper pipes usually looks like that from a full block z. B. produces a tube by hot rolling or pressing, this tube is reduced in a cold pilger mill both in the wall thickness and in the outer diameter and finally pulls down the vocational tube in several moves by means of dies and using flying mandrels to the final dimension.
  • the pilgered tube is prepared for the first train as it is manufactured by inserting a mandrel and drawing oil into the tube and then sharpening the tube end so that it can be passed through the drawing die.
  • the preparation for the next train is similar, with the tip of the previous train also being cut off. In addition to the large waste, this work is very time consuming.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method with which the time-consuming sharpening, threading the drawing tip and grasping the drawing tip behind the die is avoided or largely restricted by a drawing machine.
  • the main advantage of the invention is that the pulling forces are reduced in the time in which the connection point must transmit the tensile forces, ie between the die and the point of application of the force. During this time, the wall thickness of the pipe is not reduced, but only a hollow pull is carried out, which requires much lower drawing forces. It follows that only the first tube length, as is known, has to be pointed and threaded into the die. The following pipe lengths are automatically threaded by the pipe length arranged in front of them. The performance of the system can be increased significantly. But it is necessary that the subsequent trains must be matched to the inner diameter of the tube reduced by the hollow train.
  • the connection between the tube lengths can be produced by gluing, soldering or welding. The connection is particularly advantageously produced by butt welding the ends of the tube lengths. Arc or oxyacetylene welding is a suitable welding process. Pressure welding is also possible.
  • the end regions of the pipe lengths to be connected or connected are provided with cutouts in the wall.
  • These recesses can be longitudinal slots so that the mandrel is accessible from the outside. It appears to be more advantageous to design the recesses in such a way that at least half the circumference of the tube wall is removed. As a result, the weld seam is accessible from the inside, so that when welding u. U. occurring welding burr can be removed.
  • the mandrel automatically comes out of the engagement area of the die during the drawing process.
  • the mandrel can also be moved from outside by mechanical intervention.
  • a hook-like tool engages the mandrel and pulls it back against the direction of travel of the tube.
  • an electromagnet which only releases the mandrel when the connection point has passed through the die, and acts on the pulling force, seen in the direction of travel of the tube, behind the connection point.
  • U. u. it is also possible to move the mandrel with an electromagnet.
  • the outside diameter of the tube is reduced in the area of the connection point. This can e.g. B. done by cutting or non-cutting deformation, the inner diameter of the tube remains the same. By reducing the wall thickness, the pulling forces to be transmitted are reduced.
  • the inside diameter of the tube is widened in the area in which the wall thickness has not been reduced. This results in the advantage that the mandrel required for the next drawing process can be moved in the tube without difficulty.
  • a force acts on at least part of the tube wall in the radial direction between the die and the mandrel and at least part of the tube wall is deformed such that the mandrel is retained by the deformed tube wall.
  • mandrels When pulling a tube with a flying mandrel, mandrels are used that are designed in a stepped manner.
  • the part with the smaller diameter defines the inner diameter of the drawn tube.
  • the decrease in wall thickness of the tube wall is determined by the formation of the conical transition from the small diameter to the large diameter of the mandrel and the so-called drawing cone of the die.
  • the large outer diameter of the mandrel must be smaller in order to be able to push the mandrel into the tube to be drawn and should be slightly larger than the inner diameter of the drawing die so that the mandrel does not slip through the drawing die at the end of the drawing process.
  • the mandrel as well as the die are only in the conical part and in the drawn part on the pipe to be drawn.
  • the die with mandrel can initially be displaced simultaneously against the direction of drawing, a deformation force being necessary in order to then, as further described here, move the die alone in the direction of drawing.
  • the die is advantageously returned to its starting position after the mandrel has returned to the area of action of the die.
  • the return transport of the mandrel is achieved in that a dent is made in the tube wall, in the direction of travel of the tube before the position of the mandrel.
  • the holding back of the mandrel takes place with particular advantage in that, after the die has been displaced, the tube is pulled so far by means of a split die-like tool arranged in front of the die in the direction of flow that the outside diameter of the tube is smaller than the larger outside diameter of the mandrel. Hollow-drawn means with this procedure that there is no decrease in wall thickness.
  • the retention of the mandrel can also be advantageously achieved in that at least three beads arranged at 120 ° to one another are formed in the tube after the die has been displaced, and in that the mandrel is retained by the inner surface of the beads becomes.
  • Suitable for carrying out the method is a device which consists of a die, a flying mandrel located in the tube and a withdrawal device engaging the tube behind the die, in which the die can be displaced in the direction of the tube longitudinal axis.
  • a shaping tool deforming the tube wall e.g. a split ring is provided.
  • a Turkish head is a deformation tool that consists of at least two caliber rollers that act on the pipe wall.
  • the molding tool is a split die-like tool, the small inside diameter of which is larger than the inside diameter of the drawing die.
  • die-like tools are available in every pipe mill and can be easily changed for the intended purpose by separating a die in half. Since high accuracy is not important for these die-like tools, it may be possible to use used dies for this purpose.
  • connection between the pipe ends permits this, for example a soldered or welded connection
  • the die-like tool which has the sole task of holding back the mandrel until the connection point is behind the actual drawing die, is subjected to a slight reduction in wall thickness.
  • controlled hollow drawing takes place, as is usual in practice, since the dimensions of the mandrel and die can be matched to one another in such a way that an exactly defined drawing gap is present.
  • This has the advantage that the clear width of the drawn tube is not reduced by the hollow train to the extent that the transport of the mandrel is hindered in the subsequent trains.
  • a seamless copper tube 1 in the form of a collar is drawn through a die block 3 through a die 3 and is thereby reduced both in the outside diameter and in the wall thickness.
  • the pulling forces required for this are applied by a slide pulling machine 4, the clamping jaws 5 of which engage the drawn tube 6.
  • FIG. 1 shows the arrangement of die 3 and mandrel 8.
  • the forces occurring in this drawing process are so high that a connection point, the z. B. was produced by soldering or welding, but would tear off in the die 3 at the latest immediately behind the die 3.
  • the mandrel is shaped so that it "floats" in the die 3 when it is pulled, that is to say those which occur as a result of the friction Forces are equal to the restraining forces.
  • the mandrel 8 is displaced counter to the drawing direction at the latest when the connection point 9 reaches the area of the die 3 and thus no longer acts together with the die on the tube wall (see FIG. 3).
  • the tube 1 is only subjected to a hollow train without a reduction in wall thickness.
  • the displacement of the mandrel 8 can be carried out in various ways, e.g. B. by a finger pulling back the mandrel 8 through a slot in the tube wall, or by magnetic action or also by allowing the die 3 to run with the tube 6.
  • the mandrel 8 is, for example, transported back into the area of the die by a dent (not shown) in the tube wall when the clamping jaw 5 of the slide trigger 4 engages the tube 6 in the direction of passage behind the connection point 9.
  • the invention has been described on the basis of copper tubes in the form of a coil, but can equally be used for straight tube lengths.
  • the machine applying the pulling force can also be chosen as desired, e.g. B. a drawing drum or a so-called. Drawing disc with a V-shaped endless groove on its peripheral surface.
  • Figures 4 to 12 show embodiments of the connection of the pipe lengths. All connections have in common that a passage of the mandrel 8 from one tube length into the subsequent tube length is possible without hindrance and that the strength of the connection is at least so great that the forces arising from the hollow train can be transmitted.
  • FIG. 4 shows a butt connection of the tubes 1 to one another, which can be produced by gluing, soldering or pressure welding, but also by arc welding.
  • the recesses 10 and 11 allow one Removal of the welding burr that may occur and access to relocate the mandrel 8. If the cutouts 10 and 11 extend beyond half the pipe cross section, the mandrel 8 automatically detaches from the die 3.
  • the connecting seam 9 is produced by spot welding the overlapping ends.
  • Figure 6 again shows a butt connection 9 z. B. by gluing, soldering or welding.
  • the mandrel is z. B. withdrawn and held a tube 1 surrounding annular electromagnet.
  • the die 3 can run briefly with the tube 1. After the mandrel 8 is held by the magnet, it is moved back into its starting position.
  • FIG. 7 shows a connection in which the tapered end inserted into the pipe end is fixed by spot welding.
  • FIG. 8 shows the connection according to FIG. 6 with a longitudinal slot 12 into which a holding finger penetrates and the mandrel 8 can withdraw. A magnet is also required here, which holds the mandrel 8 after withdrawal from the die 3 until the connection point 9 has reached behind the point of application of the pulling force.
  • the outer diameter of the tubes 1 is reduced.
  • a copper sleeve 15 is pushed over these diameter reductions 13 and 14 and is spot-welded, soldered or glued to the surface of the tubes 1. This embodiment reduces the pulling forces resulting from the reduction in wall thickness.
  • connection according to FIG. 10 the inside diameter of the tube lengths in the connection area is increased.
  • the seam 9 is expediently butt-welded.
  • FIG. 11 shows a connection 9 in which the end of one tube length is reduced in the outside diameter, whereas the end of the other tube length is enlarged in the inside diameter.
  • the ends are inserted into one another and advantageously soldered.
  • both ends of the tube lengths are reduced in outer diameter and soldered to a metal sleeve 16.
  • FIGS. 13 to 16 are intended to illustrate the procedural sequence, while FIGS. 17 to 21 represent particularly advantageous configurations of the device.
  • the copper tube 1 is reduced both in diameter and in the wall thickness by the interaction of the drawing die 3 and the mandrel 8.
  • the drawing gap between the inside diameter of the drawing die 3 and the outside diameter of the part 8a defines the wall thickness of the copper tube. Since the outer diameter of the part 8b of the mandrel 8 is larger than the inner diameter of the drawing die 3, the mandrel 8 is prevented by the Hike die opening.
  • the mandrel 8 is drawn into the drawing cone 3a by the frictional forces on the surface of the part 8a.
  • the conical transition from part 8a to part 8b of the mandrel is preferably somewhat flatter than the drawing cone 3a, so that there is a continuous decrease in the wall thickness.
  • the cross section of the drawn pipe 6 is sufficient to transmit the forces occurring in the drawing gap.
  • a welding point is usually not sufficient to transmit these high pulling forces.
  • a welded or soldered connection 9 between two pipes 1 to be drawn comes near the drawing die 3, the drawing process is interrupted, the drawing die 3 is displaced a small distance in the drawing direction, so that the mandrel 8 comes out of its area of influence.
  • the mandrel 8 remains clamped in the tube area deformed by the drawing cone 3a.
  • a die-like tool 17 arranged in front of the drawing die 3 is used, which in a manner not shown consists of two halves divided in the radial direction and is moved together in front of the mandrel 8 instead of the drawing die 3.
  • the mandrel 8 loosens inside the tube and is held back by the tool 17.
  • a displacement of the die 3 and mandrel 8 against the direction of drawing during the drawing process and displacement of the die 3 after stopping in the direction of drawing is also possible.
  • a mold roller 19 takes the place of the tool 17, which forms a slight bead 20 in the tube wall, which loosens and retains the mandrel 8.
  • at least three such rollers 19 are arranged evenly distributed over the circumference of the tube, of which only one is shown.
  • the rollers 19 can be adjusted in the direction of the central axis of the tube 6. After passing the connecting seam 9 through the drawing die 3, they are retracted like the tool 17 and release the mandrel 8.
  • FIGS. 19 and 20 show a so-called Turkish head instead of the tool 17, which consists of a plurality of adjustable profile rollers 21, of which only one is shown. These profile rollers 21 are set up like the tool 17 after moving the drawing die, so that the caliber formed by them is able to loosen and hold back the mandrel 8.
  • FIG. 21 shows a particularly advantageous exemplary embodiment based on the teaching of the invention.
  • the split die 17 shown there is almost identical to the drawing die 3. Only the inner diameter is somewhat larger than the inner diameter of the drawing die 3. In the drawing gap between the die 17 and the part 8a of the mandrel 8 there is no appreciable decrease in wall thickness, so the tube 6 is hollow with little effort. Since the drawing die 3 is fed a thick-walled tube, the hollow drawn tube is reduced in diameter by the drawing die 3. In order to reduce this reduction in diameter, the inside diameter of the die 17 can be designed such that a slight reduction in wall thickness occurs in the drawing gap between part 8a and the die 17. However, this must not be so strong that the tube breaks off in the area of the connecting seam.
  • the reduction in the inner diameter decrease ensures that in the subsequent passes the mandrel 8 in its part 8b never becomes larger than the inside diameter of the tube in the region of the hollow train.
  • the invention is to be further clarified using a train sequence.
  • Pilgrim tubes of approx. 80 m length, approx. 300 kg weight, an outside diameter of 58 mm and a wall thickness of 2.5 mm are welded together by arc welding under protective gas.
  • the train sequence could look like this with three sled pullers: Diameter 8b Diameter 8a 1st train 48 mm x 2.08 mm 48.2 mm 43.84 mm 2nd pull 38.5mm x 1.75mm 38.7 mm 35.00 mm 3rd train 31 mm x 1.48 mm 31.2 mm 28.04 mm
  • the hollow drawn areas are separated from the drawn pipe length.
  • the pipes 31 x 1.48 from the last drawing stage are welded together again and wound up to 5 to 10t weights per bundle. Then a continuous move can take place.
  • Diameter 8b Diameter 8a 1st train 24 mm x 1.26 mm 24.2 mm 21.48 mm 2nd train 19 mm x 1.09 mm 19.2 mm 16.82 mm 3rd train 15 mm x 0.95 mm 15.2 mm 13.1 mm
  • the wall thickness of the drawn tube 1 has decreased so much that no high tensile forces are required for the "normal" drawing process.
  • the greater wall thickness in the area of the weld seam 9 should be sufficient for the transmission of these lower tensile forces, in particular because the cast structure of the weld seam 9 is converted into a kneading structure by the multiple hollow trains, in particular when the weld seam area is annealed. This means that the pulling force can also act on the pipe 1 before the weld 9 in the subsequent trains.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Procédé d'étirage de tubes métalliques sans soudure (1) notamment de tubes en cuivre à l'aide d'un mandrin (8) flottant dans le tube métallique et une matrice (3) réduisant le diamètre extérieur du tube, procédé selon lequel on réduit l'épaisseur de la paroi par la coopération du mandrin (8) et de la matrice (3), une force de traction étant appliquée au tube étiré derrière la matrice, procédé caractérisé en ce qu on relie deux ou plusieurs longueurs de tube par leurs extrémités non déformées avant l'étirage, solidairement les unes aux autres, en ce que pendant le passage du point de jonction (9) des longueurs de tube à travers la matrice (3) on déplace le mandrin (8) hors de la zone d'action de la matrice (3), le tube métallique (1) étant alors étiré sur une certaine longueur sans réduction de l'épaisseur de paroi et en ce qu'après le passage du point de liaison (9) à travers la matrice (3), on conduit le mandrin (8) dans la zone de la matrice (3) et en ce qu'on exerce la force d'étirage sur le tube étiré, de préférence derrière le point de jonction (9).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la liaison entre les longueurs de tube se fait par collage, soudage ou brasage.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la liaison se fait par soudage bout à bout des extrémités des longueurs de tube.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou l'une des revendications suivantes, caractérisé en ce qu'on munit les zones d'extrémité des longueurs de tube reliées ou à relier avec des découpes dans les parois.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4 ou l'une des revendications suivantes, caractérisé en ce qu'on déplace le mandrin par intervention mécanique à partir de l'extérieur, à travers les découpes.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou l'une des revendications suivantes, caractérisé en ce qu'on déplace le mandrin par un électro-aimant, ou on le maintient dans cette position déplacée.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou l'une des revendications suivantes, caractérisé en ce qu'on déplace le mandrin par déplacement de la matrice dans la direction d'étirage et on maintient le mandrin dans cette position déplacée.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou l'une des revendications suivantes, caractérisé en ce qu'on réduit le diamètre extérieur des longueurs de tube au niveau des points de jonction.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou l'une des revendications suivantes, caractérisé en ce qu'on élargit le diamètre intérieur du tube dans la zone où il n'y a pas eu de réduction d'épaisseur de paroi.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'entre la matrice et le mandrin on exerce une force sur au moins une partie de la paroi du tube, en agissant dans la direction radiale et on déforme au moins une partie de la paroi du tube pour retenir le mandrin par cette partie de paroi déformée.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce qu'on interrompt le passage du tube à travers la matrice pendant le déplacement de la matrice et au début de l'action de la force sur la paroi du tube.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce qu'on fait reculer la matrice dans sa position de sortie après que le mandrin soit de nouveau arrivé dans la zone d'action de la matrice.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que pendant le passage du tube on déplace la matrice dans la direction opposée à la direction d'étirage, on interrompt le passage du tube, on déplace la matrice dans la direction d'étirage, le mouvement de passage étant arrêté et en ce qu'avant le début du redémarrage, on fait agir la force sur la paroi du tube.
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 10 ou l'une des revendications suivantes, caractérisé en ce qu'après le déplacement de la matrice on procède à un étirage en creux du tube à l'aide d'une matrice divisée, placée en amont de la matrice proprement dite selon le sens de passage, le diamètre extérieur du tube étant plus faible que le diamètre extérieur le plus grand du mandrin.
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 10 ou l'une des revendications suivantes, caractérisé en ce qu'on forme dans le tube après déplacement de la matrice, au moins trois déformations décalées de 120° et on retient le mandrin par la surface intérieure des déformations.
  16. Procédé selon la revendication 10 ou l'une des revendications suivantes, caractérisé en ce qu'au cours des passes suivantes on recuit pour ramollir la zone étirée en creux avant d'effectuer l'étirage.
EP88119170A 1987-11-24 1988-11-18 Procédé d'étirage des tuyaux métalliques sans soudure Expired - Lifetime EP0317905B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88119170T ATE79059T1 (de) 1987-11-24 1988-11-18 Verfahren zum ziehen von nahtlosen metallrohren.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873739730 DE3739730C1 (en) 1987-11-24 1987-11-24 Method for drawing seamless metal tubes
DE3739730 1987-11-24
DE3805838 1988-02-25
DE3805838A DE3805838C2 (de) 1987-11-24 1988-02-25 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ziehen von nahtlosen Metallrohren

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0317905A2 EP0317905A2 (fr) 1989-05-31
EP0317905A3 EP0317905A3 (en) 1989-10-25
EP0317905B1 true EP0317905B1 (fr) 1992-08-05

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88119170A Expired - Lifetime EP0317905B1 (fr) 1987-11-24 1988-11-18 Procédé d'étirage des tuyaux métalliques sans soudure

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4856703A (fr)
EP (1) EP0317905B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2672355B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE3805838C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2034123T3 (fr)
FI (1) FI95542C (fr)

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JP5136990B2 (ja) * 2008-12-03 2013-02-06 新日鐵住金株式会社 フローティングプラグを用いた超薄肉継目無金属管の製造方法
DE102009034589B3 (de) * 2009-07-24 2010-10-28 Wafios Ag Anordnung zum Biegen von rohrförmigen Werkstücken
CN103748520A (zh) * 2011-08-19 2014-04-23 昭和电工株式会社 感光鼓用基体
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DE3739730C1 (en) * 1987-11-24 1988-09-01 Klaus-Peter Dipl-Ing Uhlmann Method for drawing seamless metal tubes

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8535243B2 (en) 2008-09-10 2013-09-17 Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. Medical devices and tapered tubular members for use in medical devices

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US4856703A (en) 1989-08-15
EP0317905A3 (en) 1989-10-25
JP2672355B2 (ja) 1997-11-05
FI885335A0 (fi) 1988-11-17
FI95542B (fi) 1995-11-15
DE3805838C2 (de) 1997-03-13
DE3805838A1 (de) 1989-09-07
EP0317905A2 (fr) 1989-05-31
ES2034123T3 (es) 1993-04-01
JPH01202310A (ja) 1989-08-15
FI885335A (fi) 1989-05-25
FI95542C (fi) 1996-02-26

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