EP0307601A2 - Interrupteur d'appareil avec protection d'enclenchement - Google Patents

Interrupteur d'appareil avec protection d'enclenchement Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0307601A2
EP0307601A2 EP88112523A EP88112523A EP0307601A2 EP 0307601 A2 EP0307601 A2 EP 0307601A2 EP 88112523 A EP88112523 A EP 88112523A EP 88112523 A EP88112523 A EP 88112523A EP 0307601 A2 EP0307601 A2 EP 0307601A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
locking
legs
device switch
locking element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88112523A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0307601A3 (en
EP0307601B1 (fr
Inventor
Anette Berg
Günter Hoffmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Braun GmbH
Original Assignee
Braun GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Braun GmbH filed Critical Braun GmbH
Publication of EP0307601A2 publication Critical patent/EP0307601A2/fr
Publication of EP0307601A3 publication Critical patent/EP0307601A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0307601B1 publication Critical patent/EP0307601B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/20—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch wherein an auxiliary movement thereof, or of an attachment thereto, is necessary before the main movement is possible or effective, e.g. for unlatching, for coupling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switch for a device for personal use, consisting of a device switch for switching on and off an electrically operated drive part provided in a device housing and a locking switch which is movable in the switching path of the device switch.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a switch of the type mentioned, in which a device switch in the off position is reliably secured against any actuation in the on position.
  • the switch should also be easy to use, fit in the smallest possible space and be equipped with the least possible number of components.
  • the device switch and / or the locking switch have positive and / or non-positive locking elements which can be moved into one another or brought into engagement by the device switch and the locking switch in the off position secure each other.
  • the device switch and also the locking switch can be wedged together in a simple manner in the off position of the device switch, so that a secure locking of one in the off position Device switch against operations of any kind, in particular unintentional operations.
  • the present invention allows various embodiments, the common advantage of which is that all form and / or non-positive locking elements in corresponding coordination with one another on three mutually associated components of the device, namely the fixed partition of the housing or housing wall, the device switch and the locking switch are molded or molded.
  • a very space-saving design of the switch is characterized in that the device switch and the locking switch are slidably received on a supporting part of the device housing on the same plane of movement. This results in a minimal overall height for the switch
  • the device switch preferably has at least one interlocking element which is held in predetermined switching positions by means of at least one latching element provided on the support part.
  • the locking switch has locking parts which are displaceable in the locking positions provided on the support part.
  • the form-locking element of the device switch consists of a spring-elastic, L-shaped locking part with a knob formed on the leg.
  • the form-locking element of the device switch is designed as a U-shaped locking bracket, with a knob being formed on each of its elastically designed legs.
  • the positive locking element of the device switch is molded onto the device switch as a bolt.
  • the latching element is formed from a web located between two support parts provided slot openings.
  • the locking element is formed as a bolt on the support part.
  • the latching element consists of a U-shaped locking bracket formed on the partition, and on the resilient legs of which a knob is molded.
  • the locking switch has at least one force-locking element which is displaceable in the spring travel of the form-locking elements of the device switch.
  • the above-mentioned effect is achieved in that the locking switch has at least one non-positive element which is displaceable in the spring travel of the resilient legs of the locking element of the partition.
  • the force-locking element is preferably designed as an L-shaped locking part, which can be pushed onto the form-locking element in the switched-off position of the device switch.
  • the force-locking element is designed as a U-shaped locking bracket, the legs of which can be pushed onto the legs of the form-locking element of the device switch in the switched-off position of the device switch.
  • the force-locking element is designed as a U-shaped locking bracket, the arm web connecting the legs of which can be pushed between the legs of the form-locking element.
  • FIGS. 3a to 3c show the individual parts of an embodiment of a switch 10 for a device for personal use, for example for an electric shaver or a toothbrush shown in perspective.
  • This embodiment is shown in section in the following FIGS. 3a to 3c in the assembled state and is explained in more detail below with reference to these figures.
  • the switch 10 consists of a device switch 12 and a locking switch 14, which are slidably received in a support member 16.
  • the support member 16 is part of a housing, not shown in the drawing, in which an electrically operable drive part is provided for operating the device.
  • the supporting part 16 consists of a rectangular recess or recess 24 provided in the housing wall of the device and used to receive the device switch 12 and the locking switch 14, with a front limiting part 18 and a rear limiting part 20.
  • a rectangular opening 26 is provided on the axis of symmetry of the supporting part 16, which serves to receive an L-shaped locking part 28, the leg 32 of which extends parallel to the underside 30 of the supporting part 16 and has a knob 34 at the end, which in the operating position of the device switch 12 counteracts a web 36 of the support member 16 abuts.
  • the web 36 delimits the left end of the opening 26 and the right end of an elongated hole opening 38, which serves to receive the knob 34 when the device switch 12 has been moved to the left according to FIG. 3c.
  • the knob 34 provided on the leg 32 of the locking part 28 is located in the slot opening 38.
  • the L-shaped locking part 44 is formed on the locking switch 14 and extends through the slot opening 38 adjoining the web 36.
  • the elongated hole openings 40 serve to receive two L-shaped locking parts 46, which are each provided with knobs 48 on the ends.
  • the locking parts 28 and 46 are advantageously designed to be resilient, so that they slide slightly upwards on the underside 30 of the supporting part 16 until the knobs 34 and 48 snap into corresponding recesses.
  • the device switch 12 is provided with a recess 50 into which the front end part 52 of the locking switch 14 can be pushed until the end face 66 of the locking switch 14 comes to rest against the end face 54 of the device switch 12.
  • the locking part 28 of the device switch 12 has on both sides of the locking part 28 small hooks 56 which rest on the underside 30 of the supporting part 16 and which are firmly connected to the device switch 12.
  • the hooks 56 also extend through the opening 26 and secure the locking part 28 against slipping out of the opening 26. If the device switch 12 with the locking part 28 is to be removed from the opening 26, only the two opposite hook parts 56 need to be pressed a little, so that the upper part of the hook part no longer bears against the underside 30 of the supporting part 16. The device switch 12 can then easily be pulled out of the opening 26.
  • two hooks 58 are also arranged on the locking switch 14, which according to FIG. 3a to 3c the locking switch 14th secure on the support member 16 and allow adjustment of the locking switch 14.
  • the two locking parts 46 of the locking switch 14, which run parallel to one another, engage with their knobs 48 in recesses or recesses 60 when the locking switch according to FIG. 3b has been moved completely to the right.
  • the device switch 12 is in its exhibition and is secured by the locking switch 14 against unintentional adjustment.
  • the locking switch 14 and the device switch 12 assume a central position in which the knobs 48 of the legs 46 of the locking switch 14 and the knobs 34 of the legs 32 of the device switch rest resiliently on the web 36.
  • the device switch 12 acc. Fig. 3b all the way to the right in a switch-off position, the device switch 12 lies with its grip part against an edge 62 of the limiting part 20 of the supporting part 16, so that a further adjustment of the device switch 12 to the right is prevented.
  • the knob 34 is moved behind the web 36 and engages in the opening 26 due to the spring-elastic design of the locking part 28.
  • the locking switch 14 can now be moved to the right, the L-shaped locking part 44 moving over the L-shaped locking part 28 pushes and thus prevents the knob 34 can move out of the opening 26. This ensures that the device switch 12 which is in exhibition cannot move to the left into an operating position, since the knob 34 blocked by the L-shaped locking part 44 of the locking switch 14 only comes into contact with the edge 70 of the web 36.
  • the locking part 44 can also be provided with a knob, also not shown in the drawing, which can snap into recesses provided on the surface of the locking part 28.
  • the device switch 12 and the locking switch 14 by positive locking elements and non-positive locking elements after taking the position acc. Fig. 3b secured. Since the device switch 12 and the locking switch 14 can be moved in one plane and pushed into one another, the overall height of the switching element 10 is greatly reduced compared to conventional switching elements.
  • the locking switch 14 takes the position acc. 3b, the knobs 48 of the locking parts 46 also snap into the recesses 60 of the supporting part 16. This provides a positive connection between the locking switch 14 and the support member 16.
  • the locking switch 14 must first be moved all the way to the left until it contacts the limiting part 18, the knobs 48 being moved out of the cutouts 60 and being transferred via the web 36 into the slot openings 40 .
  • the L-shaped locking part 44 releases the locking part 28 of the device switch 12.
  • the knob 34 slides on the underside 30 of the supporting part 16 via the web 36 into the elongated hole opening 38 until the end face 54 of the device switch 12 comes into contact with an end face 66 of the locking switch 14. From this operating position shown in Fig. 3c, the device switch 12 can lack a blocking effect by the L-shaped arrester tion part 44 can be moved back to the right at any time to the switch-off position or subsequently moved back to the switch-on position.
  • the device switch 12 is in its switched-off position, the knob 34 abutting against an edge 70 of the web 36 delimiting the opening 26.
  • the contact element 72 provided between the walls 61 is arranged at a distance from another contact element 74 provided in the housing of the device, so that the circuit of the electrical drive of the device is interrupted.
  • an L-shaped locking part 44 is pushed over the front end of the locking part 28 and prevents the knobs 34 from being able to move over the edge 70 and the web 36 on the underside 30 of the supporting part 16 or the housing. The locking part 44 thus prevents the device switch 12 from being moved into an operating position.
  • the locking switch and device switch are equipped with U-shaped locking brackets which can be moved into one another and thus serve to secure the device switch.
  • the device switch 12 is also slidably received in a supporting part 16 or a housing and is equipped with a U-shaped locking bracket 80, which consists of two mutually parallel spring-elastic legs 82 and 84 which have knobs at the ends 34 have.
  • a U-shaped locking bracket 80 which consists of two mutually parallel spring-elastic legs 82 and 84 which have knobs at the ends 34 have.
  • the two legs 82 and 84 can no longer be moved apart, so that an adjustment of the device switch 12 due to the legs 82 and 84 resting on the fixed bolt 37 is excluded.
  • the device switch 12 can only be adjusted again after the locking switch 14 has been adjusted to the left, so that the knobs 34 can then be moved past the bolt 37 again.
  • an opening 87 passing through the partition wall and a depression 24 delimiting the sliding path of the device switch 12 and the locking switch 14 are provided in the partition wall 16.
  • a U-shaped locking bracket 79 consisting of two resiliently formed legs 82 and 84, which are provided with knobs 35 at the ends.
  • the legs 82 and 84 with the knobs 35 grip the bolt 86, which is formed on the device switch 12 as a component thereof.
  • a U-shaped locking bracket 81 protruding into the opening 87, the legs 83 and 85 of which encompass the legs 82 and 84 in order to trigger a spreading movement of the legs 82 and 84, which can be triggered by the bolt 86 which can be moved above the device switch 12 , to prevent.
  • two locking lugs 90 and 92 are provided on the locking switch 14, which engage in locking grooves 94, 96 or 97, 98 provided in the side walls 100 and 102 of the opening 87, depending on the respective switching position of the locking switch 14.
  • the locking lugs 90 and 92 are preferably formed on two spring-elastic hooks 58 which, for easy assembly and mounting of the locking part 14 in the opening 87 of the partition 16 - as can be seen in FIG. 5d - on the locking part 14 partially under the partition 16 are provided, the dimensions of the locking lugs 90, 92 being such that, by utilizing the spring-elastic properties of the hook 58, the locking part 14 can be moved until the locking part 14 is maintained at the same time by means of the hook 58.
  • the device switch 12 is in its switched-off position, in which it is held against unintentional sliding movements by the locking switch 14.
  • the locking lugs 90 and 92 of the locking switch are in engagement with corresponding locking grooves 94 and 96.
  • the legs 83 and 85 of the U-shaped locking bracket of the locking switch 14 encompass the spring-elastic legs 82 and 84 of the U-shaped locking bracket 79 and thus prevent a spreading movement this leg 82 and 84, which is essential for a release or displacement of the device switch 12, the bolt 86 located between the legs 82 and 84 is secured against displacement by the legs 82 and 84 and the knobs 35 formed thereon.
  • the locking switch 14 By moving the locking switch 14 to the left into the locking position shown in FIG. 5c, in which the locking lugs 90 and 92 are in engagement with the locking grooves 97 and 98, the locking of the legs 82 and 84 by the legs 83 and 85 is released.
  • the device switch 12 can also be moved to the left into an operating position, the bolt 86 acting on the knobs 35 and, taking advantage of the resilient properties of the legs 82 and 84, causing these legs to spread, in the course of which the bolt 86 between the knobs 35 5c, to assume the switch position shown in FIG. 5c, which corresponds to the operating position of the device switch 12, in which the electrical circuit of an electric drive is closed by a contact element, which is not shown in FIGS. 5a-5c but is provided on the device switch 12.
  • the device switch 12 is held by the spring 86 of the resilient legs 82, 84 and the knobs 35 molded onto them, both in the operating position and in the off position and, taking advantage of the resilient properties of the legs 82, 84, moves from the respective switching position into the other switching position transferable.
  • the device switch 12 can be determined by sliding the legs 83 and 85 of the U-shaped locking bracket 81 of the locking switch 14 onto the legs 82 and 84 of the partition 16 against any sliding movement acting on the device switch 12.
  • a recess 24 is provided in the partition 16, in which the device switch 12 and the locking switch 14 are slidably mounted.
  • the device switch 12 is slidably fastened by means of four hooks 56 which are guided through corresponding slot openings 104 provided in the partition 16 and reach underneath the partition 16.
  • a U-shaped locking bracket 80 is provided, the resiliently designed legs 82 and 84 of which, with knobs 34 formed thereon, bear against the two longitudinal side walls 108 and 110 of the recess 24.
  • the locking switch 14 consists of a U-shaped bracket 81 which can be inserted between the legs 82 and 84, the resilient legs 83 and 85 of which are provided with knobs 35 which extend along the length sidewalls 108 and 110 abut and an actuating element 114 which is guided through an opening 112 provided in the device switch 12, the opening 112 being designed such that an unimpeded displacement of the locking switch 14 via the actuating element 114 is ensured.

Landscapes

  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Dry Shavers And Clippers (AREA)
  • Slide Switches (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
EP88112523A 1987-08-21 1988-08-02 Interrupteur d'appareil avec protection d'enclenchement Expired - Lifetime EP0307601B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3727921A DE3727921C1 (de) 1987-08-21 1987-08-21 Schalter zur Ein- und Ausschaltung eines elektrisch betreibbaren Antriebsteiles eines Geraetes
DE3727921 1987-08-21

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0307601A2 true EP0307601A2 (fr) 1989-03-22
EP0307601A3 EP0307601A3 (en) 1990-08-22
EP0307601B1 EP0307601B1 (fr) 1995-02-15

Family

ID=6334198

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88112523A Expired - Lifetime EP0307601B1 (fr) 1987-08-21 1988-08-02 Interrupteur d'appareil avec protection d'enclenchement

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4882458A (fr)
EP (1) EP0307601B1 (fr)
JP (2) JPS6481132A (fr)
AT (1) ATE118642T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3727921C1 (fr)
HK (1) HK92796A (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1458001A1 (fr) * 2003-03-08 2004-09-15 Braun GmbH Interrupteur coulissant
DE102005002421A1 (de) * 2005-01-18 2006-07-27 Leopold Kostal Gmbh & Co. Kg Betätigungseinrichtung zur Ansteuerung eines fremdkraftbetätigten Aggregats zum Öffnen und Schließen einer Karosserieöffnung eines Kraftfahrzeugs
DE102011084464A1 (de) * 2011-10-13 2013-04-18 Dewert Antriebs- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh Mechanisch sperrbarer Schalter

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5268674A (en) * 1992-01-31 1993-12-07 Apple Computer, Inc. Mechanically latching mouse button
DE4229756A1 (de) * 1992-09-05 1994-03-10 Abb Patent Gmbh Elektrisches Schaltgerät
DE4236516C2 (de) * 1992-10-29 2003-06-18 Ascom Audiosys Ag Flamatt Fernbedienung mit verschiebbarer Abdeckklappe
US5383875A (en) * 1994-05-31 1995-01-24 Zimmer, Inc. Safety device for a powered surgical instrument
DE4439905A1 (de) * 1994-11-08 1996-05-09 Teves Gmbh Alfred Getriebeschalter mit Schaltsperre durch Schiebetaste
US5738206A (en) * 1997-04-16 1998-04-14 Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc. Child resistant switch lock
DE19745714C2 (de) * 1997-10-16 2000-04-27 Braun Gmbh Schiebeschalter für ein Gerät des persönlichen Bedarfs
DE19911317A1 (de) * 1999-03-13 2000-09-28 Braun Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben eines elektrischen Geräts sowie elektrisches Gerät mit Einschaltschutz
DE29920439U1 (de) 1999-11-22 2000-02-03 Schreiber, Raimund, 76307 Karlsbad Fernbediengerät
KR100384315B1 (ko) * 2000-12-18 2003-05-16 대부기공주식회사 자동차용 시트레일의 로킹시스템
US20020152576A1 (en) * 2001-04-20 2002-10-24 Pro-Team, Inc. An Idaho Corporation Method and apparatus for improved use, maintenance and management of floor maintenance equipment
WO2002090865A2 (fr) * 2001-05-07 2002-11-14 Vito Cellini Baton
US7040559B2 (en) 2004-04-02 2006-05-09 Fellowes Inc. Shredder with lock for on/off switch
JP4774919B2 (ja) * 2005-10-31 2011-09-21 アイシン精機株式会社 車両用シートスライド装置
CN2915259Y (zh) 2006-07-14 2007-06-27 上海震旦办公设备有限公司 碎纸机触碰安全装置
US8008812B2 (en) 2006-07-14 2011-08-30 Aurora Office Equipment Co., Ltd. Paper shredder control system responsive to touch-sensitive element
CN201239643Y (zh) 2008-08-06 2009-05-20 上海震旦办公设备有限公司 不择纸的全自动碎纸机
CN201244502Y (zh) 2008-08-19 2009-05-27 上海震旦办公设备有限公司 自动碎纸机可剃钉结构
CN101543800A (zh) 2009-05-07 2009-09-30 上海震旦办公设备有限公司 碎纸机防卡纸保护装置
US8723468B2 (en) 2011-04-28 2014-05-13 Aurora Office Equipment Co., Ltd. Cooled motor
US8708260B2 (en) 2011-08-08 2014-04-29 Aurora Office Equipment Co., Ltd. Depowered standby paper shredder and method
JP6167304B2 (ja) * 2014-08-18 2017-07-26 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 ハンドブレンダ
GB2573289B (en) * 2018-04-30 2021-06-30 Lister Shearing Equip Ltd Improvement in or Relating to Clippers

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1947573U (de) * 1966-07-20 1966-10-13 Wietek & Co Elektrotechn Schiebeschalter, insbesondere fuer taschenleuchten.
DE2850120A1 (de) * 1977-11-21 1979-05-23 Black & Decker Mfg Co Schalter-betaetigungseinrichtung
DE3309221A1 (de) * 1982-03-15 1983-10-20 Kyushu Hitachi Maxell Ltd., Fukuoka Elektrischer rasierapparat
DE3315643A1 (de) * 1983-04-29 1984-10-31 Braun Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Automatischer einschaltschutz
US4563552A (en) * 1983-02-08 1986-01-07 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Electronic apparatus for controlling mechanical and electrical connection to memory means

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US3839614A (en) * 1973-03-16 1974-10-01 Schick Inc Appliance control system
US4112271A (en) * 1976-12-20 1978-09-05 Sperry Rand Corporation Counter device associated with switch actuator of electrical shaver to determine battery recharging and use
DD139689A1 (de) * 1977-10-25 1980-01-16 Walter Hammerschmidt Batterieraumabdeckungsverriegelung und schalter fuer batteriebetriebene spielzeuge
US4180712A (en) * 1978-07-13 1979-12-25 Switchcraft, Inc. Slide switch
JPS6047250B2 (ja) * 1979-02-05 1985-10-21 住友化学工業株式会社 １，６，８↓−デカトリエンの製造方法
FR2515349A1 (fr) * 1981-10-26 1983-04-29 Commissariat Energie Atomique Dispositif de prelevement d'echantillons liquides et banc de prelevement utilisant un tel dispositif
US4504707A (en) * 1982-03-15 1985-03-12 Kyushu Hitachi Maxell, Ltd. Push-button switch locking device for use in electric appliance
JPS6071A (ja) * 1983-06-15 1985-01-05 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 電池による負荷駆動装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1947573U (de) * 1966-07-20 1966-10-13 Wietek & Co Elektrotechn Schiebeschalter, insbesondere fuer taschenleuchten.
DE2850120A1 (de) * 1977-11-21 1979-05-23 Black & Decker Mfg Co Schalter-betaetigungseinrichtung
DE3309221A1 (de) * 1982-03-15 1983-10-20 Kyushu Hitachi Maxell Ltd., Fukuoka Elektrischer rasierapparat
US4563552A (en) * 1983-02-08 1986-01-07 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Electronic apparatus for controlling mechanical and electrical connection to memory means
DE3315643A1 (de) * 1983-04-29 1984-10-31 Braun Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Automatischer einschaltschutz

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1458001A1 (fr) * 2003-03-08 2004-09-15 Braun GmbH Interrupteur coulissant
US7002085B2 (en) 2003-03-08 2006-02-21 Braun Gmbh Slide switch
DE102005002421A1 (de) * 2005-01-18 2006-07-27 Leopold Kostal Gmbh & Co. Kg Betätigungseinrichtung zur Ansteuerung eines fremdkraftbetätigten Aggregats zum Öffnen und Schließen einer Karosserieöffnung eines Kraftfahrzeugs
DE102011084464A1 (de) * 2011-10-13 2013-04-18 Dewert Antriebs- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh Mechanisch sperrbarer Schalter
DE102011084464B4 (de) * 2011-10-13 2013-09-05 Dewert Antriebs- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh Mechanisch sperrbare Kabelfernbedienung
US9653227B2 (en) 2011-10-13 2017-05-16 Dewertokin Gmbh Mechanically lockable hand switch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3853031D1 (de) 1995-03-23
ATE118642T1 (de) 1995-03-15
EP0307601A3 (en) 1990-08-22
JPH10116U (ja) 1998-05-06
JP2606915Y2 (ja) 2001-02-19
EP0307601B1 (fr) 1995-02-15
DE3727921C1 (de) 1989-01-05
US4882458A (en) 1989-11-21
JPS6481132A (en) 1989-03-27
HK92796A (en) 1996-06-07

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