EP0276032B1 - Direktes Schmelzverfahren für sulfidische Erze - Google Patents
Direktes Schmelzverfahren für sulfidische Erze Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0276032B1 EP0276032B1 EP88200025A EP88200025A EP0276032B1 EP 0276032 B1 EP0276032 B1 EP 0276032B1 EP 88200025 A EP88200025 A EP 88200025A EP 88200025 A EP88200025 A EP 88200025A EP 0276032 B1 EP0276032 B1 EP 0276032B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- slag
- zone
- reduction zone
- oxidation
- oxidation zone
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/02—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes
- C22B23/025—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by dry processes with formation of a matte or by matte refining or converting into nickel or cobalt, e.g. by the Oxford process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B13/00—Obtaining lead
- C22B13/02—Obtaining lead by dry processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0028—Smelting or converting
- C22B15/003—Bath smelting or converting
- C22B15/0036—Bath smelting or converting in reverberatory furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0028—Smelting or converting
- C22B15/003—Bath smelting or converting
- C22B15/0041—Bath smelting or converting in converters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0028—Smelting or converting
- C22B15/0052—Reduction smelting or converting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
- C22B19/20—Obtaining zinc otherwise than by distilling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the continuous direct melting of materials containing sulfidic non-ferrous metals.
- a melt consisting of a slag phase and a phase rich in non-ferrous metals is located in an oblong lying reactor.
- the reactor contains an oxidation zone and a reduction zone with nozzles that blow oxygen-containing gases into the melt.
- the feed is charged to the weld pool and oxidized by the oxygen blown in.
- the generated non-ferrous metal oxide-rich slag flows into the reduction zone, where carbon-containing reducing agents are blown into the melt.
- the reduced metal then flows into the oxidation zone in the non-ferrous metal-rich phase.
- the non-ferrous metal-poor slag phase is drawn off at the end of the reduction zone and the non-ferrous metal-rich phase at the beginning of the oxidation zone. If no metal is to be produced, but a stone, a sulfur-containing substance, eg SO2, is introduced into the melt in the reduction zone. The exhaust will end up deducted from the reduction zone. Before the tapping, the slag can be blown off by blowing in carbon-containing material, non-ferrous metals such as zinc and lead being volatilized, removed in the exhaust gas from the reactor and then separated from the exhaust gas.
- CA-PS 893 624 discloses a direct method for melting lead sulfides, in which a gradual oxidation of the lead sulfides to molten lead takes place in the oxidation zone.
- the slag which is already relatively low in lead, is blown in the reduction zone by blowing in hydrocarbons, the zinc content being largely volatilized and removed from the reactor with the exhaust gas.
- the metallic lead is tapped from a central zone of the reactor between the oxidation zone and the reduction zone. The exhaust gas is drawn off at about the end of the oxidation zone.
- a slag with a low non-ferrous metal content is extracted from the reduction zone.
- the exhaust gas is withdrawn from the reduction zone. It is also described that the gas space above the slag phase in the oxidation zone can be separated from the gas space above the slag phase in the reduction zone by a closed partition wall, the partition wall being immersed in the slag phase and leaving underneath free.
- the oxidation zone is equipped with its own exhaust for the exhaust gas.
- the SO2-containing gas is withdrawn from the oxidation zone separately from the SO2-free gas from the reduction zone.
- the partition does not allow the gas to be drawn from one zone through the other zone. As a result, it is not possible to repair or inspect the gas exhaust or downstream units in a zone without cooling this zone.
- the partition also prevents the slag from flowing out of the oxidation zone into the reduction zone if the passage under the partition is obstructed.
- the partition also prevents the transfer of volatilized metals from the adjacent part of one zone to the other zone.
- the invention is the task, in this method of direct smelting of sulfidic materials, a largely separate discharge of the exhaust gases from the oxidation zone and the reduction zone with the possibility of a gas-side connection of the adjacent parts of the oxidation and reduction zone and the emergency outflow of the slag from the To allow oxidation zone and the extraction of flue gases from one zone through the other zone.
- the oxidation zone can be operated so that only one slag phase is formed, which contains the entire non-ferrous metal content in the form of oxides. It can also be operated in such a way that a slag phase and a phase rich in non-ferrous metals are formed. The slag then contains only part of the non-ferrous metal content in oxidic form.
- the non-ferrous metal-rich phase can consist of metal, such as lead, or stone, such as copper stone. Oxygen-enriched air or technically pure oxygen are used as the oxygen-containing gases.
- the reducing agents used in the reduction zone can be solid, gaseous or liquid.
- the non-ferrous metal-rich phase formed in the reduction zone can be in vapor form, such as zinc and lead vapor, or it can also be molten, such as metallic lead, copper or copper stone.
- a vaporous phase can also be present in addition to a molten phase.
- the molten non-ferrous metal-rich phase can be drawn off at any point in the oxidation zone from the beginning to the end or at the beginning of the reduction zone.
- the slag is withdrawn at the end of the reduction zone.
- the oxygen-containing gases and the reducing agents are preferably blown into the melt in a known manner through nozzles with several concentric tubes from below, a coolant being blown into the melt to protect the nozzles against erosion.
- the exhaust gases are suctioned out of the two zones in general at the beginning of the oxidation zone and at the end of the reduction zone, but in principle can also take place at other points. If, for metallurgical reasons, a gas-side connection of the adjacent parts of the two zones is to take place, the zero point of the differential pressure is shifted accordingly. In this way, for example, a non-ferrous metal that is reduced and volatilized at a higher oxidation potential can be separated from a non-ferrous metal that is reduced and volatilized at a lower oxidation potential.
- the slag at the beginning of the reduction zone can initially be selectively reduced to lead, a part of the lead content of the slag being obtained in vapor form and being drawn into the oxidation zone by means of a corresponding vacuum control.
- the slag can then be reduced to zinc in the reduction zone, the zinc being produced in vapor form and being sucked off separately from the reduction zone with a minimum lead content.
- Several oxidation and reduction zones can also be arranged side by side. If a stone, such as copper stone, is produced as the non-ferrous metal-rich phase, then a sulfide or SO2 with a further reducing agent is used as the reducing agent in the reduction zone.
- the reactor can be rotated about its axis so that the nozzles can be rotated out of the melt.
- constricted is intended to encompass any narrowing of the cross section of the gas space which leaves an opening in the gas space above the surface of the melt open.
- the opening can be arranged in the middle of the cross section or laterally. Generally only one opening is provided, but in principle several openings can also be provided.
- the constriction preferably consists of a wall with a gas passage opening, the wall being immersed in the melt and leaving a step underneath for the melt. The restriction of the position of the zero point of the differential pressure can be carried out particularly well by the constriction.
- the dam preferably consists of a partition wall which has an opening at the bottom or in the middle of a slot. The dam is expediently designed as a unit with the partition in the gas space.
- the dam facilitates the metallurgical work in the oxidation and reduction zone.
- a common opening for the metal phase and the slag phase has the advantage that the metal phase melting at a lower temperature always keeps the opening open and thus also enables the flow of slag through the opening.
- the primary metal phase generated in the oxidation zone can be subtracted together with a secondary metal phase generated in the reduction zone.
- a preferred embodiment consists in that the gas passage opening of the constriction lies closely above the surface of the slag bath. This causes the slag to overflow from the oxidation zone into the reduction zone as soon as there is a disturbance in the slag flow under the constriction. This soon overflow prevents a noticeably increased static pressure due to a higher slag layer from occurring in the oxidation zone.
- a preferred embodiment consists in that at least part of the reduction zone of the reactor is designed with a smaller diameter than the oxidation zone. This ensures good flow of the slag from the oxidation zone into the reduction zone and the molten non-ferrous metal-rich phase from the reduction zone into the oxidation zone without the thickness of the refractory lining having to be different in the two zones.
- the beginning of the reduction zone is still in the final part of the part of the reactor with a larger diameter when a dam is arranged in the slag bath because this always results in a metal bath in the underflow opening of the dam.
- a preferred embodiment consists in that the size of the gas passage opening of the constriction has a gas velocity of when sucking in smoke gases below 15 m / sec, preferably 4 to 8 m / sec. If a repair or an inspection has to be carried out on one of the two gas fume cupboards or downstream units, the melt is kept liquid by heating and the resulting flue gases are discharged through the other gas fume cupboard, so that emptying of the reactor and cooling of the lining is not necessary. With this gas velocity, keeping warm is very possible.
- a wall (3) with a gas passage opening (4) is constricted in the gas space at the boundary between the oxidation zone (1) and the reduction zone (2).
- the wall (3) also serves as a dam (5) in the slag layer (6).
- the lower edge of the gas passage opening (4) is just above the surface of the slag layer (6).
- the dam (5) has a passage opening (7) on the bottom, the upper edge of which lies in the slag layer (6), so that the slag can flow through the passage opening (7).
- the batch is charged onto the melt via a plurality of loading points (8).
- Oxygen (9) is blown in from below.
- a slag phase (6) with a high proportion of non-ferrous metal oxide and a primary non-ferrous metal-rich phase (10) are formed.
- the slag phase (6) flows through the passage opening (7) into the reduction zone (2).
- oxygen and reducing agent (11) are blown in from below, the non-ferrous metal oxide content of the slag is reduced and a liquid secondary non-ferrous metal-rich phase (12) is formed, which flows in the direction of the oxidation zone (1).
- the primary (10) and secondary (11) non-ferrous metal-rich phases are subtracted together at (13).
- a second non-ferrous metal-rich phase can be formed in the form of volatilized non-ferrous metals, which is drawn off with the SO2-free exhaust gas (14).
- the non-ferrous metal slag is removed at (15).
- the SO2-containing exhaust gas from the oxidation zone (1) is drawn off at (16).
- the advantages of the invention are that, despite the separate withdrawal of the gases from the oxidation zone and reduction zone, a gas-side connection of the adjacent parts of the two zones is possible and, if necessary, vaporized metals can be transferred from the adjacent part of one zone to the other zone. This keeps the process flexible.
- flue gases from one zone can be led through the other zone. This makes it possible to repair or inspect the gas outlet of one of the two zones or downstream units without cooling the masonry and the melt.
- the slag from the oxidation zone can always flow into the reduction zone even in the event of faults.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT88200025T ATE64760T1 (de) | 1987-01-23 | 1988-01-11 | Direktes schmelzverfahren fuer sulfidische erze. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3701846 | 1987-01-23 | ||
DE19873701846 DE3701846A1 (de) | 1987-01-23 | 1987-01-23 | Direktes schmelzverfahren fuer sulfidische erze |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0276032A1 EP0276032A1 (de) | 1988-07-27 |
EP0276032B1 true EP0276032B1 (de) | 1991-06-26 |
Family
ID=6319332
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88200025A Expired - Lifetime EP0276032B1 (de) | 1987-01-23 | 1988-01-11 | Direktes Schmelzverfahren für sulfidische Erze |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4895595A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0276032B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPS63192827A (ja) |
KR (1) | KR960008886B1 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE64760T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU595418B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA1297681C (ja) |
DE (2) | DE3701846A1 (ja) |
MA (1) | MA21162A1 (ja) |
MX (1) | MX167226B (ja) |
ZA (1) | ZA88454B (ja) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4108687A1 (de) * | 1991-03-16 | 1992-11-05 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Verfahren zur reduktion von ne-metalloxiden in schlacken |
DE69310557T2 (de) * | 1992-01-23 | 1997-09-04 | Shell Int Research | Gewinnung von Edelmetallen aus Katalysatorrückständen |
US5449395A (en) * | 1994-07-18 | 1995-09-12 | Kennecott Corporation | Apparatus and process for the production of fire-refined blister copper |
RU2541239C1 (ru) * | 2013-07-30 | 2015-02-10 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Национальный исследовательский технологический университет "МИСиС" | Способ переработки железосодержащих материалов в двухзонной печи |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE747352C (de) * | 1939-03-22 | 1944-09-20 | Verfahren zum Betriebe eines Konverters | |
US2769706A (en) * | 1948-06-04 | 1956-11-06 | Bolidens Gruv Ab | Smelting sulfide ores |
CA893624A (en) * | 1969-10-27 | 1972-02-22 | J. Themelis Nickolas | Direct process for smelting of lead sulphide concentrates to lead |
CA938111A (en) * | 1970-03-26 | 1973-12-11 | E. Mahin William | Production of metals from metalliferous materials |
US3941587A (en) * | 1973-05-03 | 1976-03-02 | Q-S Oxygen Processes, Inc. | Metallurgical process using oxygen |
DE2807964A1 (de) * | 1978-02-24 | 1979-08-30 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen konvertierung von ne-metallsulfidkonzentraten |
US4252560A (en) * | 1978-11-21 | 1981-02-24 | Vanjukov Andrei V | Pyrometallurgical method for processing heavy nonferrous metal raw materials |
FR2444721A1 (fr) * | 1978-12-22 | 1980-07-18 | Mo I Stali I Splavov | Procede pyrometallurgique de transformation de minerais de metaux non ferreux lourds et four pour la mise en oeuvre dudit procede |
DE3101369A1 (de) * | 1981-01-17 | 1982-08-26 | Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur verhuettung von schmelzbaren stoffen wie erzkonzentrat |
GB2173820B (en) * | 1985-04-03 | 1989-06-28 | Cra Services | Smelting process |
-
1987
- 1987-01-23 DE DE19873701846 patent/DE3701846A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1988
- 1988-01-11 EP EP88200025A patent/EP0276032B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-01-11 AT AT88200025T patent/ATE64760T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-01-11 DE DE8888200025T patent/DE3863360D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-01-19 MA MA21399A patent/MA21162A1/fr unknown
- 1988-01-22 CA CA000557206A patent/CA1297681C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-01-22 MX MX010175A patent/MX167226B/es unknown
- 1988-01-22 ZA ZA88454A patent/ZA88454B/xx unknown
- 1988-01-22 AU AU10717/88A patent/AU595418B2/en not_active Expired
- 1988-01-22 KR KR1019880000485A patent/KR960008886B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-01-22 US US07/146,768 patent/US4895595A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-01-23 JP JP63013477A patent/JPS63192827A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR880009137A (ko) | 1988-09-14 |
US4895595A (en) | 1990-01-23 |
AU1071788A (en) | 1988-07-28 |
ZA88454B (en) | 1989-09-27 |
EP0276032A1 (de) | 1988-07-27 |
KR960008886B1 (ko) | 1996-07-05 |
CA1297681C (en) | 1992-03-24 |
DE3863360D1 (de) | 1991-08-01 |
AU595418B2 (en) | 1990-03-29 |
MX167226B (es) | 1993-03-10 |
ATE64760T1 (de) | 1991-07-15 |
MA21162A1 (fr) | 1988-10-01 |
DE3701846A1 (de) | 1988-08-04 |
JPS63192827A (ja) | 1988-08-10 |
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