EP0214559B1 - Pièce d'isolation sonore pour des surfaces - Google Patents

Pièce d'isolation sonore pour des surfaces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0214559B1
EP0214559B1 EP86111903A EP86111903A EP0214559B1 EP 0214559 B1 EP0214559 B1 EP 0214559B1 EP 86111903 A EP86111903 A EP 86111903A EP 86111903 A EP86111903 A EP 86111903A EP 0214559 B1 EP0214559 B1 EP 0214559B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sound insulation
hollow chambers
insulation part
sound
part according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86111903A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0214559A2 (fr
EP0214559A3 (en
Inventor
Heinemann Dipl.-Ing. Gahlau
Manfred Dipl.-Ing. Hoffmann
Norbert Seemann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dr Alois Stankiewicz GmbH
Original Assignee
Dr Alois Stankiewicz GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dr Alois Stankiewicz GmbH filed Critical Dr Alois Stankiewicz GmbH
Publication of EP0214559A2 publication Critical patent/EP0214559A2/fr
Publication of EP0214559A3 publication Critical patent/EP0214559A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0214559B1 publication Critical patent/EP0214559B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sound insulation part for surfaces with known source-sink distribution, in particular for passenger compartments of motor vehicles, which is designed as a mass-spring system and in which impurities are installed in order to convert sources into sinks.
  • a heavy layer and between the heavy layer and the assigned part of the motor vehicle or the like, such as a body panel, a resilient layer are provided, into which grooves and / or or depressions and / or knobs are formed.
  • the depressions are preferably dome-shaped.
  • the source-sink distribution can be determined in a vehicle (cf. in particular Kutter-Schrader, H., Betzhold, Ch. And Gahlau, H. "Intensity measurement in the motor vehicle interior with a small analog measuring device, VDI report, 526 , Pp. 137-151)
  • This method also specifies how the vectorially directed sound flow emanating from the roof of a vehicle can be treated by structure-borne noise-absorbing measures in such a way that the intensity vectors are noticeably reduced and the disturbing low-frequency resonance oscillation no longer occurs.
  • the spring has gas-filled cavities which are completely or partially enclosed by film, these cavities being arranged symmetrically distributed over the entire surface of the sound insulation part (cf. DE-OS 27 50 439 and DE-GM 79 29 637). Due to the uniform and symmetrical arrangement of the gas-filled hollow chambers, the spring is stiffer overall, since gas-filled enclosed chambers become incompressible.
  • the invention can be used to advantage in mass-spring systems with a flexible heavy layer using foams or nonwovens as a deformed complete insulation part. Acoustically favorable effects such as airborne sound absorption properties can also be taken into account.
  • the finished Insulation part can be used as an independent molded part and can later be covered with a carpet that is common in the vehicle or can also be produced in conjunction with a carpet as a compact part.
  • an area to be provided with the insulation part namely in the overall state, for example as a vehicle body, is initially measured acoustically, specifically with regard to the source-sink distribution.
  • Both a basic measurement on a vehicle without sound insulation and a measurement on a vehicle with conventional standard sound insulation can be assumed.
  • a preferred method is to install a vehicle stem, which is cut behind the B-pillar, in a test bench and to determine the intensity distribution over a sufficient number of partial areas. This method is explained in the literature, in particular in Betzhold, Ch., Gahlau, H., and Hofele, G. "Test bench examinations on vehicle stems as the basis for sound insulation", DAGA '84.
  • the distribution of sources and sinks was not controllable. It is essential in the invention to partially, ie to a limited extent, cover the surfaces of the sound radiator with a system of closed, air or gas-containing hollow chambers in order to create interferences through which the sound flow vector can point outwards from the passenger compartment, that is to say create a depression becomes.
  • enclosed hollow chambers can be realized, for example, by either embedding corresponding commercially available plastic packaging films in the foam of the spring, or else by producing the hollow chambers in a targeted manner by inflating and sealing films.
  • Hollow chambers of this type from which the gas or air contained cannot escape, have the further advantage that they can be introduced without great effort in the production of the foam section (foam), the additional gas-absorbing properties being targeted by the enclosed gas volume can be exploited.
  • the enclosed gas volume or air volume is incompressible, as a result of which the sound-insulating cladding, ie the sound-insulating part, has a partially high resistance to treading. If, on the one hand, sound energy is transported as a mass, for example from the body side, i.e.
  • the hollow chambers can be arranged directly on the heavy layer, directly on the sheet metal or (in the area of the surfaces of the sources) distributed arbitrarily within the spring.
  • the desired equal distribution of the sources and sinks can be achieved at the same time, so that acoustic short circuits between these two can be used effectively to reduce noise in the vehicle with a relatively low mass.
  • a significant improvement of about 5 dB in the ignition frequency range could be achieved, the total mass of the sound insulation part designed according to the application was only 11.5 kg with the same area size.
  • Fig. 1 shows a sound insulation part for covering the end wall-floor parts in a vehicle to which the invention is applicable.
  • dashed lines represent fields A, B, C and D, in which the design of the sound insulation part according to the invention is of partial importance (ie limited in terms of area), that is to say that the precautions according to the invention have been taken in these fields to to achieve desired reversal of sources in the sink.
  • the arrangement of these fields A, B, C and D is based on the results of sound flow measurements with the aim of determining the source-sink distribution in a defined insulation state of the vehicle, e.g. to determine the basic state without isolation, in order to achieve an improvement with the aid of the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment in which geometrically regularly shaped hollow chambers 1, which are enveloped by a film 2, are embedded in a foam 3 of the spring of the insulating part. This is followed by a heavy layer 4 and a carpet 5.
  • connection points 6 and 7 to adjacent sections of the entire insulation part, for example according to FIG. 1, are shown.
  • the insulation part is placed on a sheet 8 of a vehicle body.
  • the hollow chambers 1 are strictly geometrical, but can have different sizes (volumes).
  • the cup-shaped geometrically regular hollow chambers 1 directly adjoin the heavy layer 4.
  • Fig. 3 shows an otherwise corresponding embodiment, in which the hollow chambers 1.1, which are also enclosed by a film 2, are irregularly shaped and also close to the sheet 8 inside of the foam 3 are arranged.
  • the hollow chambers 1.1 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 are essentially pillow-shaped.
  • the shape, which is strictly geometrical before being inserted into the foam, is deformed by the foam pressure, so that the irregular shape shown in FIG. 3 results.
  • the acoustic result remains the same, however, because of the irregular shape and thus the effectively effective depth or thickness of the hollow chambers 1.1, there are favorable widenings in frequency.
  • Fig. 4 shows an embodiment in which both geometrically regularly shaped and irregularly shaped hollow chambers 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 and 1.1 are contained in the sound insulation part, which are also enclosed by a film 2.
  • the spatial arrangement of the respective hollow chambers can, as in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 near the heavy layer 4 or the embodiment according to FIG. 3 near the sheet 8, but also, as shown in particular in FIG. 4 with the hollow chambers 1.2 and 1.4, in Between the heavy layer 4 and sheet 8 be. Rather, what is essential is the acoustic effect to be achieved.
  • Sound insulation parts with the partially (ie limited in area) hollow chambers can be produced separately and placed on the sheet 8 and then covered with the carpet 5.
  • the carpet 5 can also be produced in one piece with the sound insulation part (heavy layer 4 + foam 3 with the partially provided hollow chambers).
  • the hollow chambers 1, 1.1 to 1.4 are expediently filled with air, but can also contain a gas filling, the speed of sound preferably being in the Gas is higher than that in air.
  • the foam 3 are preferably foams with a dynamic elastic modulus of about 50,000 to 150,000 Nm.0002 and with a density of about 50 to 100 kg m ⁇ 3 used.
  • the speeds of sound of the spring media namely foam 3 and hollow chambers 1, 1.1 to 1.4, which are connected in series at the previously determined defects, are in a ratio of at least 1: 5, preferably 1:10 and more.
  • the material of the film 2 enclosing the hollow chambers 1, 1.1 to 1.4 is also important. It is advantageous if the film 2 has a mass per unit area of approximately 25 to 150 gm ⁇ 2.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Elément d'isolation acoustique pour des surfaces ayant une répartition connue des sources et des puits, en particulier pour des habitacles de véhicules à moteur, cet élément étant sous la forme d'un système à masse et à ressort et dans lequel sont incorporés des endroits perturbateurs pour transformer les sources en puits,
    caractérisé en ce que, sur les surfaces des sources, sont disposées, de manière limitée, des cavités fermées (1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4) noyées dans la couche élastique (3), ces cavités étant enveloppées d'au moins un film (2).
  2. Elément d'isolation acoustique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le film (2) présente une masse spécifique d'environ 25 à 150 g/m².
  3. Elément d'isolation acoustique selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les cavités (1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4) sont remplies d'air.
  4. Elément d'isolation acoustique selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les cavités (1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4) sont remplies d'un gaz dans lequel la vitesse du son est plus grande que dans l'air.
  5. Elément d'isolation acoustique selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le ressort ou couche élastique est constitué par une mousse (3) avec un module dynamique d'élasticité d'environ 50 à 150 x 10³ Nm⁻² et une densité d'environ 50 à 100 kg/m³.
  6. Elément d'isolation acoustique selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la couche élastique (3) est constituée, à la place de la mousse, par un feutre ayant des propriétés acoustiques équivalentes.
  7. Elément d'isolation acoustique selon une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la surface à insonoriser est une tôle (8) et en ce que les cavités (1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4) sont orientées vers la tôle (8).
  8. Elément d'isolation acoustique selon une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les cavités (1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4) sont orientées vers la couche lourde (4) (couche de masse).
  9. Elément d'isolation acoustique selon une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les cavités (1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4) sont mises en forme en coulant de la mousse autour d'elles.
  10. Elément d'isolation acoustique selon une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les cavités (1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4) constituant des endroits perturbateurs sont réparties de telle sorte que la répartition des sources et des puits dans l'habitacle soit approximativement paritaire.
  11. Elément d'isolation acoustique selon une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que, aux endroits perturbateurs obtenus au moyen des cavités (1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4) la vitesse du son dans les milieux de la couche-ressort disposés à la suite l'un de l'autre, à savoir, d'une part, les cavités (1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4) et d'autre part la mousse (3) ou le feutre, est dans un rapport d'au moins 1 : 5, de préférence de 1 : 10 et plus.
EP86111903A 1985-09-06 1986-08-28 Pièce d'isolation sonore pour des surfaces Expired - Lifetime EP0214559B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3531886 1985-09-06
DE19853531886 DE3531886A1 (de) 1985-09-06 1985-09-06 Hohlkammern

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0214559A2 EP0214559A2 (fr) 1987-03-18
EP0214559A3 EP0214559A3 (en) 1987-10-21
EP0214559B1 true EP0214559B1 (fr) 1993-01-27

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86111903A Expired - Lifetime EP0214559B1 (fr) 1985-09-06 1986-08-28 Pièce d'isolation sonore pour des surfaces

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4705139A (fr)
EP (1) EP0214559B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS62110544A (fr)
DE (2) DE3531886A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2002126A6 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3531886A1 (de) 1987-03-19
EP0214559A2 (fr) 1987-03-18
DE3687613D1 (de) 1993-03-11
EP0214559A3 (en) 1987-10-21
US4705139A (en) 1987-11-10
JPS62110544A (ja) 1987-05-21
ES2002126A6 (es) 1991-11-01
DE3531886C2 (fr) 1993-03-04

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