EP0213116B1 - Schmelzofen - Google Patents

Schmelzofen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0213116B1
EP0213116B1 EP86890235A EP86890235A EP0213116B1 EP 0213116 B1 EP0213116 B1 EP 0213116B1 EP 86890235 A EP86890235 A EP 86890235A EP 86890235 A EP86890235 A EP 86890235A EP 0213116 B1 EP0213116 B1 EP 0213116B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
opening
smelting furnace
furnace according
charging
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86890235A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0213116A2 (de
EP0213116A3 (en
Inventor
Karl Fink
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0213116A2 publication Critical patent/EP0213116A2/de
Publication of EP0213116A3 publication Critical patent/EP0213116A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0213116B1 publication Critical patent/EP0213116B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/2083—Arrangements for the melting of metals or the treatment of molten metals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/02—Crucible or pot furnaces with tilting or rocking arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/10—Crucibles
    • F27B14/12—Covers therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/001—Extraction of waste gases, collection of fumes and hoods used therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D2003/0085—Movement of the container or support of the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
    • F27D2003/0089—Rotation about a horizontal or slightly inclined axis
    • F27D2003/009—Oscillations about a horizontal axis; Rocking

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a melting furnace, with a drum rotating about a horizontal axis of rotation and pivotably mounted about an essentially horizontal pivot axis arranged transversely to this axis of rotation, which drum is provided with a burner in the region of one end face and which has an opening for the loading and emptying and is equipped with a smoke exhaust.
  • Drum furnaces are also known in which the drum rotates about its longitudinal axis and is mounted so as to be pivotable or tiltable about a pivot axis arranged transversely to this longitudinal axis.
  • the drum is loaded and emptied through the same opening on one end face, in which a swiveling burner is also arranged, while on the opposite end face there is only one exhaust opening for the exhaust gases. (DE-C- 813 581).
  • Drum furnaces are also known which are provided with an opening on both end faces, the opening provided on one end face serving for charging and receiving the burner and emptying and removal of the exhaust gases via the opening provided on the other end face.
  • a rotating and tiltable drum furnace is also known, in which the loading opening, which can be closed by a cover and via which the exhaust gases are also removed, is located on one end of the drum and the emptying opening on the other end of the drum.
  • drum furnaces are only of limited suitability for melting aluminum scrap contaminated by foreign metals or other admixtures, since in particular the iron contained in the aluminum scrap alloys very strongly with the aluminum material when heated and the purity of the molten aluminum material is thereby impaired.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a melting furnace with which aluminum scrap, which is contaminated by foreign metals with a greater specific weight than that of aluminum or by other admixtures, can be melted in a simple manner, the flawless separation of the Aluminum from the impurities takes a short time and a good efficiency can be achieved.
  • the invention proposes, starting from a melting furnace of the type described above, that the discharge opening for the melt is provided in the region of the drum which has the burner, and that on the end face of the drum, which is opposite the end face with the burner, there is an opening for the feed and for the exhaust gas outlet, which is arranged with a between Closed position and an open position movable, in the closed position in the region of the opening edge leaving an annular gap baffle cover is provided.
  • the melting furnace according to the invention enables simple operation and has a very good efficiency.
  • the dynamic pressure cover which is in the closed position during the melting process and only leaves a narrow annular gap for the exhaust gases to escape, is heated by the hot exhaust gases and reflects the heat into the interior of the drum.
  • this arrangement prevents the hot exhaust gases from escaping rapidly from the drum, so that they release a large part of their heat content to the melting material. This ensures very good utilization of the heat supplied.
  • the drum is tilted in one direction, so that the melt flows to the emptying opening and exits there into a storage container, for the subsequent removal of the residues, the drum is tilted in the opposite direction, so that the residues after opening the pressure cover fall out of the drum.
  • the residue can be emptied by gradually rotating the drum.
  • the aluminum scrap is also loaded into the drum through the opening in the end of the drum opposite the burner when the dynamic pressure cover is open.
  • this dynamic pressure cover assumes the desired position in every swivel position of the drum, this dynamic pressure cover is advantageously arranged displaceably in the suspension bed, wherein a preferably electrical actuating device for the dynamic pressure cover is provided in the suspension bed. It is also expedient to provide a guide for the dynamic pressure cover that extends in the direction of displacement.
  • the pivoting movement of the drum can also by stops, limit switches or the like. be limited to the pan limit the angle of the drum. Furthermore, it is advantageous if a, preferably hydraulically actuated, braking device is provided for the pivoting movement of the drum.
  • the end of the drum having the opening for the feed and for the exhaust gas discharge can be conical. In this way, even with an opening whose diameter is smaller than the inside diameter of the drum, a perfect discharge of the residues is ensured.
  • the end of the drum having the opening for the charging and for the exhaust gas outlet expediently projects into an exhaust gas chamber which is connected to a chimney.
  • This embodiment enables the exhaust gas to be drawn off in any pivot position of the drum. So that an undesired air supply to the exhaust gas chamber is prevented and a tight seal is guaranteed at every pivoting position of the drum, according to a further feature of the invention the wall of the exhaust gas chamber surrounding the drum can be at least partially formed by a heat-resistant apron, preferably made of asbestos cloth, which rests on the outer circumference of the drum.
  • the lower part of the exhaust gas chamber can, according to the invention, be designed as a slag channel or the like through a door.
  • a door is closable and in which a movable container for receiving the melt residues is arranged.
  • the door for example formed by a pivotable flap, also prevents undesired air access to the exhaust gas chamber.
  • Fig. 1 shows a melting furnace according to the invention, partly in side view, partly in longitudinal section.
  • Fig. 2 shows a view in the direction of the front end of the drum having the opening for the loading and for the exhaust gas discharge without a pressure cover and without an exhaust gas chamber.
  • the melting furnace according to the invention has a drum 1, which consists of a steel jacket 2 and a lining 3 made of refractory bricks.
  • the drum 1 has on its periphery two axially spaced races 4, which are supported on steel drive rollers 5, which are connected via a shaft 6, which is connected via a chain drive 7 to the output shaft of a transmission 9, the input shaft of which Electric motor 8 is coupled to be driven. This causes the drum 1 to rotate about the axis of rotation 31.
  • the drive rollers 5 and the existing on the shaft 6, the chain drive 7, the motor 8 and the gear 9 drive them are arranged on the suspension bed 30, which is connected on both sides of the drum with bearing bodies 25, which are formed by circular segment disks, the plane of which is vertical runs and whose center points lie in a horizontal plane receiving the axis of rotation 31.
  • the bearing bodies 25 are supported with their circular arc-shaped circumference on support rollers 26 which are mounted in bearing blocks 28a and which are provided with brake pads acting on the rolling surfaces of the bearing bodies 25 which are actuated by hydraulic cylinders 28b.
  • the bearing blocks 28a and the hydraulic cylinders 28b are supported in a stationary manner on a foundation box 29.
  • the suspension bed 30 also carries a fan 20 which is connected to a burner 13 via a line 20a and via which this combustion air 13 is supplied to this burner.
  • the burner 13 is provided in the center of an end face of the drum 1.
  • This forehead designed as a drum base side also has the discharge opening 11 for the melt, the position of which is shown in dash-dot lines when the melt is emptied.
  • the end face of the drum opposite this end face has an opening 16 for the loading and for the exhaust gas discharge, in the area in which a dynamic pressure cover 18 is arranged such that it leaves an annular gap 16a free in the closed position shown.
  • This dynamic pressure cover 18 can be moved via a preferably electrically actuated lifting device 17 mounted in the suspension bed 30, namely between the closed position shown in the drawing and an open position opening the opening 16, with a guide for the dynamic pressure cover on a frame 12 connected to the bearing body 25 18 is provided.
  • the end 10 of the drum having the opening 16 is conical and projects into an exhaust gas chamber 14 which is connected to an exhaust gas pipe 15 which opens into a chimney.
  • a recuperator 21 is provided in the exhaust pipe 15, via which the combustion air is preheated before it is fed to the fan 20 via the flexible line 19.
  • the exhaust gas chamber 14 has a two-part exhaust gas door 14a at the front, which, as will be explained in more detail below, is opened when the drum is loaded.
  • the rear end wall of the exhaust gas chamber 14 is formed by an elastic asbestos apron 22a which slidably surrounds the drum 1 and lies tightly against this drum 1 so that it can evade when the drum is pivoted.
  • a slag channel 14b which can be closed by a tiltable flap 22b, as a result of which an undesired supply of air into the exhaust gas chamber 14 is avoided.
  • a container trolley 22 is provided which can be moved on rails and via which the melt residues can be removed.
  • the melting furnace according to the invention is operated as follows:
  • the stationary drum 1 is preheated by starting the burner 13. Subsequently, the burner is switched off and the drum 1 through the hydraulic cylinders 23 are pivoted into a position in which the axis of rotation 31 extends slightly obliquely downwards from the opening 16.
  • the drum is then charged with aluminum scrap by means of a charging scoop (not shown) in several stages with the dynamic pressure cover 18 and the exhaust gas door 14a open. As a result of the inclined position of the rotating drum 1, this aluminum scrap slides downward from the opening 16.
  • the opening 16 is then closed by the dynamic pressure cover 18, the annular gap 16a remaining free in the exhaust gas chamber 14 for the escape of the exhaust gases.
  • the exhaust gas chamber door 14a is also closed.
  • the melting process can be observed through peepholes in the dynamic pressure cover 18 and in the exhaust gas door 14a, whereby the time of the tapping can be determined.
  • the emptying opening 11 is brought into a position by stopping the rotating drum 1 at a suitable time, in which the emptying opening is arranged below the level of the melting bath. Following this, the drum is tilted by means of the hydraulic cylinders 23, in the same way as in the charging process, in which the emptying opening is in the position shown in the broken lines, and the aluminum is drawn off via the opened emptying opening 11.
  • the burner 13 is turned off.
  • the dynamic pressure cover 18 is brought into the open position and the drum 1 is pivoted in the opposite direction by means of the hydraulic cylinders 23, so that the opening 16 now points downward.
  • the drum is rotated gradually.
  • the melt residues such as iron residues, dross and salt residues are emptied out of the drum into the container car 22, via which they are discharged that can. Subsequently, the process just described is repeated, ie the drum 1 is newly loaded with aluminum scrap.
  • All movement sequences and other control processes for example starting up the burner 13 and the fan 20, opening and closing of the dynamic pressure cover 18 and exhaust gas door 14a, rotational movement of the drum 1 by starting up the motor 8, pivoting of the drum 1 by the hydraulic cylinders 23, etc., can partly be carried out automatically a specified program, partly manually, for example via a pendant socket.
  • the burner 13 can be suitably pivoted in a manner not shown.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)
EP86890235A 1985-08-28 1986-08-21 Schmelzofen Expired - Lifetime EP0213116B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0251185A AT385592B (de) 1985-08-28 1985-08-28 Schmelzofen
AT2511/85 1985-08-28

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0213116A2 EP0213116A2 (de) 1987-03-04
EP0213116A3 EP0213116A3 (en) 1988-12-14
EP0213116B1 true EP0213116B1 (de) 1991-01-23

Family

ID=3535597

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86890235A Expired - Lifetime EP0213116B1 (de) 1985-08-28 1986-08-21 Schmelzofen

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4697792A (ja)
EP (1) EP0213116B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPS6358087A (ja)
AT (2) AT385592B (ja)
BR (1) BR8604104A (ja)
CA (1) CA1279188C (ja)
DE (1) DE3677097D1 (ja)
ES (1) ES2001761A6 (ja)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3727232A1 (de) * 1987-08-14 1989-02-23 Lohmann Therapie Syst Lts Verfahren zur herstellung einer darreichungs- und/oder dosierungsform fuer arzneimittelwirkstoffe
US6676888B2 (en) * 2000-02-05 2004-01-13 George E. Mansell Swivel base tilting rotary furnace
GB2471709B (en) 2009-07-10 2011-06-08 Fanli Meng Furnace
RU2439456C1 (ru) * 2010-04-30 2012-01-10 Александр Алексеевич Алексеев Плавильная печь
RU2489659C1 (ru) * 2012-04-13 2013-08-10 Владимир Александрович Трусов Роторная наклонная печь

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE813581C (de) * 1947-03-05 1951-09-13 Herbert Pontzen Schmelzofen fuer metallene und keramische Werkstoffe
DE902431C (de) * 1949-12-29 1954-01-21 Paul Blanchard Drehbarer Schmelzofen
DE953554C (de) * 1951-07-24 1956-12-06 Gustav Woehrn Dreh- und kippbarer Trommelschmelzofen
DE1015464B (de) * 1955-02-24 1957-09-12 Brockmann & Bundt Ind Ofenbau Heb- und senkbare Tuer fuer Gluehoefen u. dgl.
GB844548A (en) * 1957-02-11 1960-08-17 Demag Ag Rotary tilting furnaces
US3291472A (en) * 1961-07-20 1966-12-13 Inductotherm Linemelt Corp Drum type induction furnace
US3360253A (en) * 1963-12-06 1967-12-26 Amagasaki Iron & Steel Mfg Co Molten metal swinging device
JPS5585618A (en) * 1978-12-22 1980-06-27 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Coating method for converter with refractory material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA251185A (de) 1987-09-15
ATE60429T1 (de) 1991-02-15
DE3677097D1 (de) 1991-02-28
JPS6358087A (ja) 1988-03-12
EP0213116A2 (de) 1987-03-04
US4697792A (en) 1987-10-06
EP0213116A3 (en) 1988-12-14
BR8604104A (pt) 1987-04-14
ES2001761A6 (es) 1988-06-16
CA1279188C (en) 1991-01-22
JPH0351993B2 (ja) 1991-08-08
AT385592B (de) 1988-04-25

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