EP0200984B1 - Brennhilfsmittel - Google Patents

Brennhilfsmittel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0200984B1
EP0200984B1 EP86105529A EP86105529A EP0200984B1 EP 0200984 B1 EP0200984 B1 EP 0200984B1 EP 86105529 A EP86105529 A EP 86105529A EP 86105529 A EP86105529 A EP 86105529A EP 0200984 B1 EP0200984 B1 EP 0200984B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
firing
kiln
kiln furniture
fibrous mat
ceramic material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86105529A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0200984A1 (de
Inventor
Alfred Dipl.-Ing. Fh Graf Von Matuschka
Klaus Dr. Dipl.-Chem. Liethschmidt
Hubertus Dipl.-Ing. Webert
Emil Karl Dr. Dr.-Ing. Köhler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Elektroschmelzwerk Kempten GmbH
Original Assignee
Elektroschmelzwerk Kempten GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Elektroschmelzwerk Kempten GmbH filed Critical Elektroschmelzwerk Kempten GmbH
Priority to AT86105529T priority Critical patent/ATE49291T1/de
Publication of EP0200984A1 publication Critical patent/EP0200984A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0200984B1 publication Critical patent/EP0200984B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
    • F27D1/0006—Linings or walls formed from bricks or layers with a particular composition or specific characteristics
    • F27D1/0009—Comprising ceramic fibre elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
    • B28B11/248—Supports for drying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D5/00—Supports, screens or the like for the charge within the furnace

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a firing aid for ceramic products to be fired in high-speed furnaces, which consists of a ceramic base material, with a mounting surface which is in contact with the conveyor of the furnace and with a footprint for the firing material.
  • the firing aid can advantageously be used in high-speed furnaces, where it is known that very different sponsors, e.g. B. also roller conveyors are provided.
  • rapid-fire furnaces In contrast to conventional tunnel kilns, these rapid firing kilns are not delivered with heavy refractory products with a high heat storage capacity and large wall thicknesses, but are essentially lined with ceramic fiber materials.
  • These innovative refractory materials in fiber or wool form have the advantages of the high insulating capacity and thus low energy consumption of the kiln, low heat storage capacity and thus low energy loss when starting and stopping the furnace, as well as an extraordinarily high resistance to temperature changes due to its fibrous structure.
  • These advantages of the ceramic fiber materials are used in the high-speed furnaces, in which the ceramic products are usually only passed through the high-speed furnace in one position, i.e. not in tier-like structures, with extremely short thrust times. Due to their specific advantages, these rapid firing stoves do not have to be operated continuously, but can be switched on and off periodically without major energy losses.
  • Fiber insulating mats alone even if they can be attached to the metal frame of the conveyor with ceramic supports, are not able, precisely because of their low abrasion resistance, to prevent fiber particles that have been rubbed off under the harsh conditions of the rapid fire from contaminating the firing material.
  • the invention has for its object to show a firing aid which has the high thermal shock resistance required for rapid firing furnaces, so that this opens up the possibility of burning many ceramic products, which were previously fired especially in the tunnel kiln, much more cost-effectively and faster in the rapid firing furnace.
  • the kiln furniture is constructed in several parts.
  • the invention turns away from the prior art, according to which kiln furniture always consisted of a fired ceramic material, that is to say in the form of solid bodies, the dimensions of which - often with a complicated shape - were closely adapted to the dimensions of the respective firing material .
  • capsules for burning plates were dimensioned larger than the plate to be burned, and the stresses in the capsule that occur when the temperature changes led to the known disadvantages with the useful life of this kiln furniture of only a few oven cycles.
  • the present invention takes a completely new path in that the kiln furniture is made up of several parts and the individual parts consist of completely different materials.
  • the firing aid according to the invention of multi-part construction for ceramic products to be fired in the rapid firing furnace consisting of inorganic fiber material that forms the contact surface, which is in contact with the conveyor of the furnace, and of fired, solid ceramic material, which forms the installation surface for the firing material, is thereby characterized in that the inorganic fiber material based on aluminum oxide is in the form of a sheet-like, needled fiber mat impregnated with an inorganic binder, the underside of which forms the attachment surface and the top side of which has several depressions which do not extend continuously over the entire thickness of the fiber mat, all or partially equipped with a plurality of separate rod-like or segment-like base bodies made of fired, solid ceramic material based on silicon carbide, aluminum silicate or aluminum oxide, which have a cross section which is not susceptible to thermal shock and the like n Surfaces together form the footprint for the firing material and / or that the top of the fiber mat is provided with a refractory coating based on silicon carbide or aluminum oxide, which has been provided with a grid of in
  • the firing aid consists of the fiber mat forming the contact surface and of a plurality of rod-like or segment-like base bodies made of ceramic material, which are held in a stable position relative to one another in grooves, slots or other depressions of the fiber mat and form the overall installation surface for the firing material.
  • the fiber mat has multiple functions. It isolates the conveyor from the combustion chamber and enables the positionally stable assignment of the individual base bodies made of the fired ceramic material to one another, so that the base bodies as a whole form the footprint for the items to be fired.
  • the base bodies made of the fired ceramic material have in particular a relatively small dimension and a simple shape so that they themselves are also able to withstand the thermal shock conditions.
  • the base body can thus also have thin wall thicknesses. It is even possible to use such ceramic materials that were previously considered unsuitable for the production of kiln furniture. Above all, however, the shape of the base bodies no longer aligns with the dimensions and shape of the firing material. The only condition to be complied with is that the base body as a whole must form a sufficiently stable footprint for the firing material.
  • the fiber mat can easily be produced with such a stability that the base bodies hardly sink into the fiber material even when loaded with the firing material, and thus the installation surface for the firing material remains largely stable.
  • the fiber mat which is usually to be understood as meaning a binder-free veinadefte fiber mat (blanket)
  • a binder-free veinadefte fiber mat can be impregnated with an inorganic binder, such as monoaluminum phosphate.
  • an inorganic binder such as monoaluminum phosphate.
  • the rapid firing kiln mostly only one layer is fired, so that the weight acting on the fiber mat from the base bodies and the firing material is limited.
  • This peculiarity of single-layer burning in rapid firing ovens therefore advantageously complements the new kiln furniture and enables the use of the fiber mat as a component of the kiln furniture.
  • the new kiln furniture in conjunction with rapid firing furnaces has the further advantage that the putting on and taking off of the items to be fired can be automated in a simple manner.
  • the basic bodies expediently have a cross section which is not susceptible to thermal shock, in particular a rectangular, T-shaped, U-shaped or I-shaped cross section, and have a limited length.
  • the base bodies generally have small wall thicknesses so that they can be heated up and cooled down quickly without the base bodies having damaging thermal stresses. If the footprint of a base body is too small for the intended application, several such base bodies can be used, for example in shape of thin plates, placed side by side in a recess in the fiber mat.
  • the base body can have a wall thickness of 0.5 to several millimeters and have only a few centimeters long support webs or as up to z. B. 3 cm wide, thin support plates, which also need to be only a few centimeters long. It is of course expedient to give the base bodies such a cross section that they can be mass-produced inexpensively by the extrusion process.
  • the base body With their footprint, the base body can be inserted into the fiber mat in such a way that it protrudes beyond the surface of the fiber mat. In this way, it is prevented in all items of firing that part of the item to be fired comes into direct contact with the fiber mat, which could lead to the material of the fiber mat sticking to the material to be fired.
  • the fiber mat can have a field or a matrix of optional grooves, slots or other recesses for inserting the base body, so that the automated assembly option for the firing aids themselves and the automated placement of the firing material, as well as the removal of the conveyor in question at the end of the process, are particularly useful Rapid fire stoves result. This makes it possible to carry out the composition of the Brennhiffsmiftels and the trimmings under program control.
  • the base bodies in the grooves, slots or other depressions are not sufficiently stable or are sufficiently stable in all directions due to the inherent elasticity of the fiber mat and / or the limitation of the grooves, it is possible to provide shoulders or openings in the grooves, slots or other depressions and to equip the base body with corresponding lugs, knobs or the like, so that by placing or inserting a base body it is held in a stable position in all directions on the fiber mat and is thus held in a precise position
  • the kiln furniture constructed according to the invention advantageously consists of a fiber material based on aluminum oxide and of segment-like ceramic basic bodies based on silicon carbide, aluminum silicate or aluminum oxide.
  • these coatings are dried and then fired fireproof.
  • the kiln furniture shown in Figure 1 is formed in several parts and consists of a sheet-like fiber mat 1 made of ceramic fiber material, which has a board-like rigid structure.
  • the size of the fiber mat 1 can be adapted to the ceramic product to be fired or the size of the conveyor in the rapid firing furnace.
  • the fiber mat 1 is of axially symmetrical design and has a number of depressions 2 in the form of slots or slots, which are arranged and distributed in a straight line, for example in the form of an annular or elongated manner.
  • the depressions 2 can extend to a certain depth into the material of the fiber mat 1.
  • Base bodies 3 made of fired ceramic material are inserted into the depressions 2 and are rod-shaped or segment-like, have a relatively simple cross-section (FIGS. 2 to 8), have small wall thicknesses and are also relatively short in the direction of the depressions 2.
  • the base body 3 are preferably inserted into the recesses 2 so that they protrude from the surface 4 of the fiber mat 1 and overall form the footprint 5 for the firing material.
  • the underside of the fiber mat 1 forms the placement surface 6 on which the firing aid 1, 3 on the conveyor of the rapid firing furnace, e.g. B. a car or a plate is placed.
  • the fiber mat 1 represents a certain insulation protection for the conveyor of the furnace and forms the basis on which individual base bodies 3 are built and held in a stable position relative to one another, as is necessary for the placement of the firing material.
  • FIG. 2 shows a simple, rectangular cross section of a base body which is used upright in the recess 2.
  • Figure 3 shows a U-shaped cross section of a base body 3.
  • the depressions 2 are formed deeper here, so that the base body 3 rests on the surface 4 between the two slot-like depressions 2.
  • the base body 3 with a T-shaped cross section is inserted into the depression 2 such that the installation surface 5 is flush with the surface 4 of the fiber mat 1.
  • the footprint 5 is arranged lower than the surface 4 of the fiber mat. It goes without saying that the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 5 and 6 are matched to the firing material in each case so that the firing material does not come into contact with the surface 4 of the fiber mat 1.
  • Figure 7 shows a similar embodiment as Figure 2, but here the base body 3 consists of three individual, flat plates of very small wall thickness, which are set side by side in a bundle in a recess 2.
  • the kiln furniture according to the embodiment according to FIG. 8 has a fiber mat 1 with a T-groove-shaped undercut recess 2, into which a base body 3 with an I-shaped cross section is inserted
  • the length of the depressions 2 does not necessarily have to match the length of the base body 3.
  • the depressions 2 can rather be made longer and can also be provided continuously over the entire width and / or length of the fiber mat 1, so that there is the possibility of using the much shorter base body 3 at any desired point in the depression 2, specifically there, where it is currently needed for the storage of the firing material.
  • the recess 2 can be provided with a shoulder 7 and the base body 3 with one or more knobs 8 so that the base body 3 in the recess 2 is also not in the direction of this recess can slip.
  • FIG. 10 shows the base body according to FIG. 9 again in a perspective representation.
  • FIG. 12 shows a plan view of a fiber mat 1, in which the entire field of its surface is penetrated by depressions 2 arranged in rows, paragraphs 7 being arranged in a circle in the depressions 2, also in a regular arrangement.
  • basic body 3 can be used, as shown in FIG. -13.
  • This opens up the possibility to program-occupy the individual rows of the recesses 2 with basic bodies automatically and z. B. then in a subsequent station to put the respective kiln. This is particularly possible with rapid firing stoves that are only occupied in one position. Clearing at the end of the furnace can also be automated.
  • FIG. 11 shows a cross section through such an embodiment, in which a plate is placed on the item 9 to be burned.
  • FIG. 14 shows a section from another exemplary embodiment of the kiln aid from the fiber mat 1 and base body 3.
  • Groove sections intersecting each other are provided as depressions 2, into which three base bodies 3 are inserted, so that advantageously a small, light object, for example an egg cup or a cup can be put on as fuel.
  • FIG. 15 shows a cross section through a further embodiment of the firing medium, in which the fiber mat 1 is provided with a refractory coating 11, the surface of which forms the footprint 5 for the firing material 9.
  • the coating 11 is interrupted by cuts 12.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
EP86105529A 1985-05-08 1986-04-22 Brennhilfsmittel Expired - Lifetime EP0200984B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86105529T ATE49291T1 (de) 1985-05-08 1986-04-22 Brennhilfsmittel.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853516490 DE3516490A1 (de) 1985-05-08 1985-05-08 Brennhilfsmittel
DE3516490 1985-05-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0200984A1 EP0200984A1 (de) 1986-11-12
EP0200984B1 true EP0200984B1 (de) 1990-01-03

Family

ID=6270110

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86105529A Expired - Lifetime EP0200984B1 (de) 1985-05-08 1986-04-22 Brennhilfsmittel

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4715812A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0200984B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS6229887A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE49291T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1282942C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE3516490A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0521876Y2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1987-05-30 1993-06-04
JPH076057B2 (ja) * 1988-06-07 1995-01-25 株式会社村田製作所 マスキング用ホルダー
FR2635375B1 (fr) * 1988-07-21 1994-03-18 Tokyo Kokyu Rozai Co Ltd Support d'enfournement et son procede de fabrication, pour la cuisson de ceramiques
DE3923564C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1989-07-17 1991-01-17 Riedhammer Gmbh Und Co Kg, 8500 Nuernberg, De
JPH0647499B2 (ja) * 1990-03-28 1994-06-22 日本碍子株式会社 セラミックス製品の焼成方法
US5350551A (en) * 1990-10-15 1994-09-27 Sanken Electric Co., Ltd. Method of firing ceramic moldings containing a diffusible metallic oxide
JP2577147B2 (ja) * 1991-09-30 1997-01-29 日本碍子株式会社 セラミックスハニカム構造体の製造方法
US5447431A (en) * 1993-10-29 1995-09-05 Brooks Automation, Inc. Low-gas temperature stabilization system
US5406058A (en) * 1993-11-30 1995-04-11 Corning Incorporated Apparatus for drying ceramic structures using dielectric energy
US5588827A (en) * 1993-12-17 1996-12-31 Brooks Automation Inc. Passive gas substrate thermal conditioning apparatus and method
DE4405269C1 (de) * 1994-02-18 1995-08-17 Riedhammer Gmbh Co Kg Aufbau für einen Brenntisch
DE4436140C1 (de) * 1994-10-10 1995-11-16 Riedhammer Gmbh Co Kg Tragschiene und Aufbau für einen Brenntisch unter Verwendung der Tragschiene
US6193506B1 (en) 1995-05-24 2001-02-27 Brooks Automation, Inc. Apparatus and method for batch thermal conditioning of substrates
DE19602880C2 (de) * 1996-01-29 1998-07-23 Riedhammer Gmbh Co Kg Anlage zum Be- und Entladen von Brenntischaufbauten mit keramischer Ware
DE19639531C1 (de) * 1996-09-26 1998-02-05 Riedhammer Gmbh Co Kg Be- und Entladevorrichtung für ein Brennregal
IT1304945B1 (it) * 1998-12-30 2001-04-05 Elio Gerardi Supporto modulare per il sostegno di laterizi, particolarmente tegole e simili.
DE19957352C1 (de) * 1999-11-29 2001-04-05 Thomas Robert Metall Elektro Trockenrähmchen für keramische Formlinge
FR2819047B1 (fr) * 2000-12-28 2003-06-27 Snecma Moteurs Support approprie pour le traitement thermique d'une piece metallique et procede de traitement thermique
JP2004263888A (ja) * 2003-02-17 2004-09-24 Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Ltd 焼成用セッター
DE202007008520U1 (de) * 2007-02-21 2008-07-03 Dekema Dental-Keramiköfen GmbH Brenngutträger
DE102011120547B4 (de) 2011-12-02 2018-10-18 Technische Universität Dresden Brennhilfsmittel, als Träger für Bauteile bei einer Wärmebehandlung
CN105904586A (zh) * 2016-06-17 2016-08-31 蒋春生 用于加气砖蒸养的釜底板

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GB770334A (en) * 1954-09-30 1957-03-20 Ralph Parish Drying-plates for use during earthenware, pottery and similar manufacture
DE2121741A1 (en) * 1971-05-03 1972-11-09 Ceramano-Keramik, W.J. Schwaderlapp Kg, 5412 Ransbach-Baumbach Wheeled batt - for rapid firing ceramic kilns esp tunnel kilns
GB1488704A (en) * 1974-06-25 1977-10-26 Staffordshire Potteries Ltd Kiln cars
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FR2447002A1 (fr) * 1979-01-17 1980-08-14 Coudamy Sa Thermique Indle Wagon pour four de cuisson
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FR2564456B1 (fr) * 1984-05-18 1988-03-11 Prod Cellulosiques Isolants Materiau composite ceramique ayant une ame en fibres ceramique et procede de fabrication

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Title
Dr.Brunklaus "Industrieöfen", Vulkan-Verlag, Essen(1979), Seite 34-37. *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE49291T1 (de) 1990-01-15
DE3516490A1 (de) 1986-11-13
EP0200984A1 (de) 1986-11-12
US4715812A (en) 1987-12-29
JPH0428991B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1992-05-15
DE3668055D1 (de) 1990-02-08
CA1282942C (en) 1991-04-16
JPS6229887A (ja) 1987-02-07

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