EP0188736A2 - Liaison entre deux pièces reliées mécaniquement et électriquement entre elles de façon amovible, en particulier pour dispositif d'éclairage - Google Patents

Liaison entre deux pièces reliées mécaniquement et électriquement entre elles de façon amovible, en particulier pour dispositif d'éclairage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0188736A2
EP0188736A2 EP85115922A EP85115922A EP0188736A2 EP 0188736 A2 EP0188736 A2 EP 0188736A2 EP 85115922 A EP85115922 A EP 85115922A EP 85115922 A EP85115922 A EP 85115922A EP 0188736 A2 EP0188736 A2 EP 0188736A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
connection
ball
magnetic
electrically
parts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85115922A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0188736A3 (en
EP0188736B1 (fr
Inventor
Volker H.P. Dipl.-Ing. Apel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
APEL VOLKER
Original Assignee
APEL VOLKER
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by APEL VOLKER filed Critical APEL VOLKER
Priority to AT85115922T priority Critical patent/ATE62538T1/de
Publication of EP0188736A2 publication Critical patent/EP0188736A2/fr
Publication of EP0188736A3 publication Critical patent/EP0188736A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0188736B1 publication Critical patent/EP0188736B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V21/00—Supporting, suspending, or attaching arrangements for lighting devices; Hand grips
    • F21V21/14—Adjustable mountings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S2/00—Systems of lighting devices, not provided for in main groups F21S4/00 - F21S10/00 or F21S19/00, e.g. of modular construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
    • F21S8/04—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation intended only for mounting on a ceiling or the like overhead structures
    • F21S8/06—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation intended only for mounting on a ceiling or the like overhead structures by suspension
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V21/00—Supporting, suspending, or attaching arrangements for lighting devices; Hand grips
    • F21V21/08—Devices for easy attachment to any desired place, e.g. clip, clamp, magnet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V21/00—Supporting, suspending, or attaching arrangements for lighting devices; Hand grips
    • F21V21/08—Devices for easy attachment to any desired place, e.g. clip, clamp, magnet
    • F21V21/096—Magnetic devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V21/00—Supporting, suspending, or attaching arrangements for lighting devices; Hand grips
    • F21V21/14—Adjustable mountings
    • F21V21/26—Pivoted arms
    • F21V21/28—Pivoted arms adjustable in more than one plane
    • F21V21/29—Pivoted arms adjustable in more than one plane employing universal joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a connection between two mechanically and electrically detachably connected parts, in particular a lighting system.
  • the parts to be connected are mechanically connected in accordance with the prior art in a force-locking and form-fitting manner by means of screws, bolts or the like.
  • Current-carrying cables are provided as current conductors, which are either continuous on the connection, for example a joint, or can be separated or connected to one another by means of luster terminals or the like.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a simple construction in accordance with the type mentioned, which is particularly versatile and particularly easy to manufacture or solve.
  • the two parts can be connected to one another by means of magnetic force and, when the magnetic force connection is reached, establish electrical contact by mutual contact.
  • the present invention thus relates to magnets, in particular permanent magnets, which simultaneously form an electrical contact when a magnetic force connection is achieved.
  • the direct connection of the frictional connection and the electrical contact enables a large number of technical problems to be solved in a particularly simple manner.
  • a current-carrying cable is not required in the area of the connection, which leads to a particularly simple and low-wear arrangement, in particular if the parts are connected to one another in an articulated manner, for example by means of a ball joint.
  • the parts of the connection can be a magnetic ball joint of known type, the magnetic holder of the magnetic ball joint preferably forming the base, which is connected to the electrical power supply, and the ball, which is connected to other connecting elements is connected to the consumer, is held non-positively on the magnet holder.
  • the base part can also be designed as a magnetic rail, the other part, which is again designed as a ball or a cylinder, for example, being attachable along the magnetic rail at any point by means of magnetic force.
  • one part has two sections which are electrically separated from one another, that the other part also has two sections which are electrically separated from one another and that the electrical separation of the individual sections is maintained in the connected state of the parts.
  • an electrical circuit can be formed by means of single connection, that is to say closed by means of a single magnetic joint, while in the other case two connections are required, but this can be advantageous from the design and lighting aspects.
  • the electrical connection has two electrical poles which are insulated from one another and the connection consists of a magnet holder and a ball held thereon by magnetic force
  • the construction of the connection according to a further advantageous feature of the invention can be such that the magnet holder Via an annular surface with the ball in magnetic and physical connection, the ball has a contact pin arranged in its interior and protruding beyond the circumference of the ball, which is electrically insulated from the ball, and that one inside the magnet holder is electrically opposite the magnet holder insulated contact surface is arranged, which comes into engagement with the ball only with the contact pin of the ball.
  • the contact surface is expediently curved in accordance with the shape of the ball and has locking recesses for the contact pin, which is preferably resilient in its longitudinal direction between two end stops. Corresponding to the locking recesses on the contact surface, certain preferred angular positions of the ball relative to the magnet holder are thus defined.
  • the rail has along its center line an electrically insulated contact rail with respect to the rail, which, when attached second part is in contact with a contact element fastened to the second part and electrically insulated from it.
  • the second part can in turn be designed as a ball or, for example, as a cylindrical element whose cylinder axis runs parallel to the rail.
  • connection according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously in connection with a lighting system. If the connection is electrically single-pole, then according to a further feature of the invention, the lighting system is characterized in that two basic connections are provided, between which the electrical consumer is connected.
  • At least one of the base connections is electrically conductively connected to a further connection with the interposition of an intermediate element, and the further connection is electrically connected to the other base connection with the interposition of the electrical consumer or to another connection associated with this with the interposition of an intermediate element conductively connected. Due to such an arrangement, which has a plurality of articulated connections, the respective technical and design requirements for the lighting system can be met to a high degree in a very simple manner.
  • the lighting system can preferably be designed such that a base connection is connected in an electrically conductive manner with the interposition of an intermediate element to a further connection, which in turn is connected to the electrical consumer.
  • a base connection is connected in an electrically conductive manner with the interposition of an intermediate element to a further connection, which in turn is connected to the electrical consumer.
  • the intermediate elements between the base connection and the further connection can be formed by a rod, a tube or an electrically conductive cable both in the case of electrically single-pole and in the case of electrically double-pole connections. It can be particularly advantageous if the intermediate element is formed by a telescopic rod, which gives the lighting system additional design and lighting flexibility.
  • a multiplicity of base parts in particular magnetic holders, are provided and in particular are arranged in a grid shape on a ceiling or the like.
  • the lighting system according to the invention can be attached or modified in a particularly simple manner after screwing together of mechanical parts is no longer necessary and also no electrical connections have to be made separately.
  • the individual parts of the system are simply joined together and hold together due to the magnetic force, thereby simultaneously establishing the electrical contact.
  • two holders 2, 2 ' are attached to a ceiling 1 at a distance from one another by means of suitable fastening elements such as screws and dowels or by means of adhesive.
  • a magnetic holder 3 can be inserted into the holder 2 and locked there.
  • the magnet holder 3 has at its end facing away from the holder 2 a hemispherical recess 3a for receiving a ball 4 made of magnetic material. Magnet holder 3 and ball 4 together form a magnetic ball joint, as is commercially available, for example, from the company IBS-Magnet Berlin :
  • An elongated intermediate element 5, for example an electrically conductive rod, is connected at one end to the ball 4 in a mechanically rigid and electrically conductive manner (or can be connected, for example, by means of a thread) and in the same way to another holder 12 at its opposite end, which again a ball joint consisting of magnet holder 13 and ball 14 receives.
  • the holder 2 ' is followed by the magnetic holder 3', ball 4 ', intermediate element 5', further holder 12 ', magnet holder 13' and ball 14 '.
  • a connecting part 9 carrying the lighting fixture 10 is mechanically fixed and electrically conductive at its opposite ends to the ball 14 or 14 '.
  • the electrical circuit takes place from the holder 2 or the magnet holder 3 via the ball 4, the intermediate element 5, the further holder 12, the further magnet holder 13, the further ball 14, the left part of the connecting part 9 to the consumer 10 and from here via the corresponding parts back to the magnet holder 3 'or to the holder 2'.
  • a magnetic rail 23 or 23 ' is provided as a magnetic holding element, on which the balls 4 are held at any point.
  • the magnetic holder according to FIG. Allows the ball to be rotated or pivoted on all sides by 180 °.
  • each magnet is connected to a pole of an electrical circuit.
  • magnets magnet holders
  • the magnet holder 33 is divided into two electrical poles which are insulated from one another. The electrical separation takes place so that the magnetic force is not hindered.
  • the magnetic material, that is, the ball 34 also contains two poles which are electrically separated from one another and which receive an electrical contact when the magnetic force is applied.
  • the magnet holder 33 comprises a magnet 35 which, when the ball 34 is inserted, forms a magnetic circuit via two iron poles 36a, 36b.
  • the two iron poles 36a, 36b are separated from one another at 37 by means of a non-magnetic material (Ms, V2A, Al).
  • the iron poles 36a, 36b form on their inner side, opposite the permanent magnet 35, an annular bearing surface 38, the shape of which is adapted to that of the ball 34 and via which the ball 34 is held on the magnet holder 33 by means of magnetic force.
  • a contact surface 39 which is electrically insulated from the magnet 35 and the iron poles 36a, 36b by means of a suitable insulation 40, is provided within the magnet holder 33 and below the support surface 38.
  • the shape of the contact surface 39 corresponds to that of the ball 34 and when the ball 34 is inserted there is a small distance between the contact surface 39 and the surface of the ball 34, so that the ball surface does not come into contact with the contact surface 39.
  • a contact pin 41 which is electrically insulated from the electrically conductive ball by means of an insulation 42, is provided within the ball 34 and runs through the center thereof.
  • the contact pin 41 extends through the ball 34 and along the longitudinal axis of the intermediate element 45 fastened to the ball, from which it is likewise electrically insulated via the insulation 42.
  • the contact pin 41 protrudes beyond the surface of the ball 34 to such an extent that the pin 41 bears against the contact surface 39 when the ball 34 is attached to the magnet holder 33, so that an electrical contact is made between the contact surface 39 and the pin 41 becomes.
  • the current is thus supplied on the one hand via the iron pole 36a or 36b to the ball 34 and the outer tube 46 of the intermediate element 45 and on the other hand via the contact surface 39 to the contact pin 41 of the ball or the intermediate element.
  • the arrangement according to FIG. 6 corresponds essentially to that according to FIG. 4, but the contact pin 41, as shown, is arranged to be displaceable in the axial direction and is pressed in the direction of the contact surface 39 by means of a spring 43.
  • the spring 43 also represents the contact spring, via which the electrical connection between the contact pin 41 and an electrical inner conductor 44 of the intermediate element 45 is established.
  • a limiting pin 47 protrudes into an elongated hole 48 of the pin 41, whereby the contact pin 41 is limited in its movement.
  • the contact surface 39 is provided with a dot matrix 47 consisting of depressions or elevations, so that the ball 34 can snap into a number of positionally stable positions on the magnet holder 33.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show an electrically two-pole magnetic connection in which the magnet holder is designed as a magnet rail 53.
  • the magnetic rail 53 comprises a magnetic plate 55 running in the longitudinal direction of the rail, which is bordered laterally by two plate-shaped iron poles 56, 57. Between the magnetic poles 56, 57 and the illustration according to FIG. 7 above the magnetic plate 55, insulated from other parts of the magnetic rail f5, there is a contact rail 59 running in the longitudinal direction of the rail with a contact surface 60.
  • the ball 54 with a contact pin 61 is designed such that as described in connection with Fig. 4 or 6
  • the pivoting range of the ball 54 in the case of the magnet rail shown in FIG. 7 and 8 between a minimum of about 90 0 (in the longitudinal direction of the magnetic rail) and a maximum of about 120 ° (transverse to the magnetic bar).
  • a corresponding cylindrical element can also be used to improve the magnetic holding force, the cylindrical axis of which runs parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rail. In this case, however, this cylinder element together with the parts attached to it can only be pivoted transversely to the longitudinal rail.
  • FIGS. 9a to 9d show that instead of the holder shown, for example, in FIG. 1, 2 holders 102a can be used, which can hold two magnet holders 3 (see FIGS. 9a and 9b), or holders 102b for three magnet holders (see FIG. 9c) or holder 102c for six magnetic holders (see FIG. 9d).
  • FIGS. 10 to 10 c show that the ball 4, for example according to FIG. 1, can be replaced by a ball 104 which carries further magnet holders 103 in a suitable configuration via rigid connecting elements 106. While a two-armed construction is shown in FIG. 10a, a three-armed or six-armed construction is sketched in FIGS. 10b and 10c.
  • the intermediate element 205 is designed as a loose rope, according to Fig. Llb as a tube or rod, as shown in Fig. Llc as a telescope and as shown in Fig. Lld as a non-conductive plastic disc, which is provided with an electrical conductor 206.
  • the length of all intermediate elements 205 can be freely determined, depending on the desired application. For the holders and magnetic holders to be connected to the intermediate pieces, the same variation possibilities result as described above.
  • FIG. 12a to 12e show some examples of lighting elements of the most varied shapes, such as those that can be inserted between the two magnet holders 13 and 13 'according to FIG. 1. Such as in Fig. 12e seen, can i be back additional fasteners provided here.
  • a transformer is required for the voltage.
  • a corresponding circuit diagram is outlined and the various connection options of several lights, be it via point connections or via magnetic rail connections.
  • reference number 201 denotes the primary-side fuse
  • reference number 202 the secondary-side fuse
  • reference number 203 the primary-side transformer
  • reference number 204 the secondary-side transformer
  • reference number 210 the individual lights.
  • the circuit for a single lamp is outlined, to the left the circuit for a row of points or a rail with a separate transformer and further to the left several rows of points or rails.
  • the light is switched on and off in the usual way using a switch.
  • a relay or a dimmer if necessary by means of a remote control the lighting system can be made even more user-friendly.
  • FIG. 14 shows a grid of magnetic holders 3 in the upper part and a grid of magnetic rails 23 in the lower part. Furthermore, FIG. 14 shows how current is supplied to the individual grid points via lines 211, 212. Some of the connection options for the lighting fixtures 10 are also shown.
  • FIG. 17 to 30 show different luminaire configurations from which the diversity of the system becomes clear.
  • the power supply takes place centrally from one point. Described on this point In the next circle are the magnetic holders of the other electrical feed. Telescopic stands are attached to these magnetic holders, which lead to the second pole of the lamp.
  • FIG. 20 shows some forms of wall lights, some of which are made with electrically bipolar magnetic ball joints.
  • the table lamp shown at the top right in FIG. 21 can be regarded as a basic type.
  • the lamp has an electrically two-pole magnetic holder in the base and on the lamp body.
  • the magnet holders are connected by a two-pole telescopic rod. With this arrangement, the lamp light cone can be adjusted to any point on the surface to be illuminated.
  • Fig. 22 shows ceiling lights based on electrical two-pole magnetic holders, which are distributed in a grid pattern on the ceiling.
  • Fig. 24 shows an arrangement of a plurality of magnetic rails and lights attached thereto.
  • the grid of the magnetic holder on the ceiling is clearly recognizable.
  • the magnetic holders are designed to be electrically single-pole. From Fig. 27 it can be seen that the lights, if desired, can also be attached between the ceiling and the wall.
  • Fig. 30 which shows a work lamp, it can be seen that constant workplace lighting is possible by carrying the lamp, for example, on the movable drawing board.
  • 31 to 34 show various working steps for fastening the lamp according to the invention to the ceiling.
  • the magnet holder 3, 3 'together with the associated lines are installed under plaster.
  • a telescopic rod 205 is clipped onto the magnet holder 3 via the ball 4 located at its upper end.
  • 32 the other telescopic rod 205 "is clipped onto the further magnet holder 3 '.
  • FIG. 33 it can be seen how the lighting element 10 is clipped onto the further magnet holder 13, 13' via the connecting part 9.
  • FIG. 34 shows this completely installed lighting system.
  • 35 to 45 show some of the possible different lamp configurations of the lamp shown in Figs. 31 to 34.
  • Fig. 46 shows how two lights can be attached diagonally to a grid of four magnetic holders.
  • 47 shows a corresponding configuration with two lamps arranged in parallel.
  • 48 and 49 show further arrangements with two parallel lights. In the case of the arrangement according to FIG. 49, two lights are shown with a common pole.
  • FIGS. 50 and 51 an intermediate element being dispensed with in the case of FIG. 51 and the connecting part 9 being directly coupled at one end to the magnet holder 3 '.
EP85115922A 1984-12-24 1985-12-13 Liaison entre deux pièces reliées mécaniquement et électriquement entre elles de façon amovible, en particulier pour dispositif d'éclairage Expired - Lifetime EP0188736B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85115922T ATE62538T1 (de) 1984-12-24 1985-12-13 Verbindung zwischen zwei mechanisch und elektrisch loesbar miteinander verbundenen teilen insbesondere eines beleuchtungssystems.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843447332 DE3447332A1 (de) 1984-12-24 1984-12-24 Verbindung zwischen zwei mechanisch und elektrisch loesbar miteinander verbundenen teilen insbesondere eines beleuchtungssystems
DE3447332 1984-12-24

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0188736A2 true EP0188736A2 (fr) 1986-07-30
EP0188736A3 EP0188736A3 (en) 1988-08-03
EP0188736B1 EP0188736B1 (fr) 1991-04-10

Family

ID=6253853

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85115922A Expired - Lifetime EP0188736B1 (fr) 1984-12-24 1985-12-13 Liaison entre deux pièces reliées mécaniquement et électriquement entre elles de façon amovible, en particulier pour dispositif d'éclairage

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4719549A (fr)
EP (1) EP0188736B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS61224202A (fr)
AT (1) ATE62538T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3447332A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

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GB2208093B (en) * 1988-02-11 1991-06-19 Site Electrical Services Lamp mounting
WO1995034783A1 (fr) * 1994-06-14 1995-12-21 Tivoli Industries, Inc. Appareil d'eclairage miniature
ITRM20100280A1 (it) * 2010-05-27 2011-11-28 Alessia Vignola Sistema multidirezionale magnetico per elementi illuminanti.
EP2551585A1 (fr) * 2011-07-25 2013-01-30 Jürgen Komar Articulation à billes dotée d'une traversée de courant pour un luminaire à bras articulés
NL2007868C2 (en) * 2011-11-25 2013-05-28 Eugene Paashuis Connecting device for rotationally connecting an electrical load to an electrical power supply.
AT512697A3 (de) * 2012-03-30 2015-04-15 Andreas Hierzer Drehbare Leuchtmittelhalterung sowie Leuchte

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DE102016101769A1 (de) * 2016-01-26 2017-07-27 Ulrich Sattler Leuchte
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US11408596B1 (en) 2016-08-31 2022-08-09 Artifox, LLC Light tube
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US10670242B2 (en) * 2017-11-28 2020-06-02 Contemporary Visions, LLC Luminaire with moveable and detachable lamp head
US11221038B1 (en) * 2018-05-08 2022-01-11 Dennis C Simmons, Sr. Apparatus for and method of creating a super hypermobile, super magnetic joint
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DE1069288B (fr) * 1959-11-19
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US2943579A (en) * 1957-04-02 1960-07-05 Geddes Edith Bel Transit grid
CH424979A (de) * 1963-07-03 1966-11-30 Philips Nv Elektrische Leuchte mit einem Halter, welche Leuchte an verschiedenen Stellen des Halters auf magnetischem Wege befestigt werden kann
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GB2208093B (en) * 1988-02-11 1991-06-19 Site Electrical Services Lamp mounting
WO1995034783A1 (fr) * 1994-06-14 1995-12-21 Tivoli Industries, Inc. Appareil d'eclairage miniature
US6170967B1 (en) 1994-06-14 2001-01-09 Tivoli Ind Inc Miniature lighting apparatus
ITRM20100280A1 (it) * 2010-05-27 2011-11-28 Alessia Vignola Sistema multidirezionale magnetico per elementi illuminanti.
WO2011148286A1 (fr) * 2010-05-27 2011-12-01 Alessia Vignola Système orientable magnétique pour éléments d'éclairage
EP2551585A1 (fr) * 2011-07-25 2013-01-30 Jürgen Komar Articulation à billes dotée d'une traversée de courant pour un luminaire à bras articulés
NL2007868C2 (en) * 2011-11-25 2013-05-28 Eugene Paashuis Connecting device for rotationally connecting an electrical load to an electrical power supply.
AT512697A3 (de) * 2012-03-30 2015-04-15 Andreas Hierzer Drehbare Leuchtmittelhalterung sowie Leuchte
AT512697B1 (de) * 2012-03-30 2016-05-15 Andreas Hierzer Drehbare Leuchtmittelhalterung sowie Leuchte

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ATE62538T1 (de) 1991-04-15
DE3447332A1 (de) 1986-07-03
US4719549A (en) 1988-01-12
JPS61224202A (ja) 1986-10-04
EP0188736A3 (en) 1988-08-03
EP0188736B1 (fr) 1991-04-10
DE3582489D1 (de) 1991-05-16

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