EP0171717B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour le polissage électrolytique des surfaces internes de tubes d'échangeurs de chaleur en forme d'U - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour le polissage électrolytique des surfaces internes de tubes d'échangeurs de chaleur en forme d'U Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0171717B1
EP0171717B1 EP85109706A EP85109706A EP0171717B1 EP 0171717 B1 EP0171717 B1 EP 0171717B1 EP 85109706 A EP85109706 A EP 85109706A EP 85109706 A EP85109706 A EP 85109706A EP 0171717 B1 EP0171717 B1 EP 0171717B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
electrolyte
tube
electrode
manipulator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85109706A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0171717A1 (fr
Inventor
Ludwig Dipl.-Ing. Voggenthaler (Fh)
Hermann Dipl.-Ing. Operschall
Jakob Dipl.-Ing. Weber (Fh)
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0171717A1 publication Critical patent/EP0171717A1/fr
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Publication of EP0171717B1 publication Critical patent/EP0171717B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic removal of material from objects; Servicing or operating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F3/00—Electrolytic etching or polishing
    • C25F3/16—Polishing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/002—Component parts or details of steam boilers specially adapted for nuclear steam generators, e.g. maintenance, repairing or inspecting equipment not otherwise provided for
    • F22B37/003—Maintenance, repairing or inspecting equipment positioned in or via the headers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/001—Decontamination of contaminated objects, apparatus, clothes, food; Preventing contamination thereof
    • G21F9/002—Decontamination of the surface of objects with chemical or electrochemical processes
    • G21F9/004—Decontamination of the surface of objects with chemical or electrochemical processes of metallic surfaces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for electropolishing the inner surface of U-shaped heat exchanger tubes with an electrode connected to the negative pole of a DC voltage source, which can be inserted into the heat exchanger tube and pulled out again via a pulling element, and with a pump connected to an electrolyte container for the Feeding the electrolyte.
  • a method and a device for cleaning the inner walls of metallic line systems by electropolishing with the aid of moving electrodes is already known from DE-A-3 136 187.
  • the diameter of the electrode which is matched to the inside diameter of the line system to be cleaned, is fastened to the end of a hose through which electrolyte liquid is pumped into the pipeline under high pressure.
  • the head of this electrode is mushroom-shaped.
  • the electrolyte is deflected by approx. 145 ° and sprayed against the inner wall of the tube at an angle backwards through spray nozzles. This electrode is drawn deeper into the tube by the recoil of the electrolyte at the spray nozzles.
  • the known electrode carries several axially spaced disks of insulating material, through which it is held at a uniform distance from the inner wall of the pipeline. It is a peculiarity of this device for cleaning the inner walls of metallic power systems that the recoil of the electrolyte is not always sufficient to move the electrode around pipe bends. The area of application for vertical pipe sections is very limited. In addition, the cleaning of radioactive contaminated pipelines with this method is associated with a noticeable radiation exposure of the examination personnel, since the electrode has to be threaded into each individual pipeline by hand.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a method and a device for cleaning the inner surface of pipelines and to design so that the vertically arranged U-shaped heat exchanger tubes of the steam generator can be decontaminated by nuclear power plants.
  • the handling of the device should be associated with a minimum of radiation exposure for the operating personnel.
  • the electrolyte liquid is pumped into the heat exchanger tube in the same direction in which the electrode is pulled out of the heat exchanger tube, it is ensured that an electrode once inserted can also be pulled out again.
  • a pusher device with motor-driven transport rollers, the pusher element being clamped between itself, enables a controlled displacement of the electrode, which does not overload the pusher cable and its fastening in the electrode. It also enables the operating personnel to be protected from radiation during decontamination.
  • FIG. 1 shows a steam generator 1, as is usual in nuclear power plants, in order to separate the primary circuit from the secondary circuit, in a simplified representation.
  • the tube sheet 2 of the steam generator 1 three heat exchanger tubes 3, 4, 5 are indicated. The remaining heat exchanger tubes have been omitted for the sake of clarity.
  • the device 6 according to the invention for electropolishing the inner surface of the heat exchanger tubes in the connected state is shown on this steam generator 1.
  • This device 6 essentially contains an electrolyte container 7, a pump 8 for the electrolyte, and an electrolyte feed hose 9, which is guided through a manhole 10 into the chamber 11 of the bottom cap 12 of the steam generator, which chamber is on the right in FIG is attached to two heat exchanger tubes 4, 5 attached manipulator 14 in front of a heat exchanger tube 3 adapter 15.
  • this device 6 includes a guide hose 16 which leads through another manhole 17 into the chamber 18 of the bottom calotte 12 of the steam generator 1, which chamber is on the left in FIG the other end of the same heat exchanger tube 3 is brought into contact with the adapter 21.
  • This guide hose 16 is fastened to a sealing device 22 with its end located outside the steam generator.
  • a push cable 23 is guided through this sealing device and carries a flexible electrode 24 at its end located in the guide hose 16 or heat exchanger tube 3.
  • the device 6 for electropolishing the inner surface of the heat exchanger tubes also comprises an electrolyte supply system 27 connected to the electrolyte container 7 with a circulation pump 28, a heat exchanger 29 and a filter 30 and a direct voltage source 31 for the power supply of the electrode 24.
  • FIG. 2 shows the structure of the electrode 24 shown in section. It consists of a steel cable 32 on which springs 33 to 37 and spacers 38 to 41 are alternately threaded from insulating material and in which the first and last springs 33, 37 are each attached to one Support the clamping sleeve 42, 43 attached to the steel cable.
  • the front clamping sleeve 43 in the insertion direction carries an insertion cone 44, while the rear clamping sleeve 42 is connected to the push cable 23 via a union nut 45.
  • This push cable consists of a smooth copper cable 47 covered on the outside with plastic 46, in particular polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the structure of the sealing device 22 can be seen from the enlarged illustration in FIG. 3.
  • This sealing device consists of a tube piece 48 in which rings 49 to 53 with a larger clear width and rings 54 to 58 with a smaller clear width are alternately threaded, the inner diameter of the rings with the smaller clear width roughly corresponding to the outer diameter of the push cable 23.
  • Elastic sealing disks 59 to 65 are clamped between these rings, the inner diameter of which is somewhat smaller than the diameter of the push cable 23 passed through them.
  • the two end faces of the sealing device 22 are formed by two disks 66, 67, in which the first 66 has a bore has a clear width that corresponds to the guide tube 16. It is provided with a clamping device 68 for fastening the guide hose 21.
  • the disk 67 is provided with a bore which is adapted to the outer diameter of the push cable 23.
  • the chambers of the sealing device formed by the disks with the larger inner diameter are provided with outlet connections 69 to 72 and a compressed air connection 73, which open into the electrolyte container 7.
  • a feed device 25 is fastened, which carries a plurality of motor-driven drive rollers 74 to 78 pressed onto the push cable 23.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematically drawn section of the tube sheet 80 of a steam generator with the various heat exchanger tubes 81 to 87 and an adapter 89 pressed onto the tube sheet by the extension arm 88 of a manipulator (not shown further here).
  • the adapter 89 consists of a collecting trough 90 the four hose connections 91 to 94 in the exemplary embodiment are carried out at a distance which corresponds to the distance between the heat exchanger tubes 81 to 87 in the tube sheet 80.
  • These hose connections 91 to 94 are flanged at their end facing the tube sheet and each have a soft sealing ring 95 to 98 on the flange periphery, with which they bear against the weld seams with which the heat exchanger tubes are welded in the tube sheet 80.
  • hose connections 91 to 94 have the same inner diameter as the heat exchanger tubes 81 to 87. They carry the guide or electrolyte supply hoses 99 to 102 at their ends facing away from the heat exchanger tubes.
  • the collecting trough 90 itself has an edge that extends almost below the tube plate 80 103 and has an outlet connection 104 which is connected to the electrolyte container 7 via an auxiliary hose 105.
  • the collecting trough 90 is connected in the middle to a clutch disk 106 of the extension arm 88 of the manipulator.
  • the adapter carries four hose connections 91 to 94 arranged in series one behind the other, two hose connections each being arranged next to one another at the heat exchanger tube spacing.
  • the bottom cap 12 of the Steam generator 1 each a known manipulator 14, 20 for remote-controlled inspection of the heat exchanger tubes 3, 4, 5 are used.
  • An adapter 15, 21 with a connected guide tube 16 or electrolyte feed tube 9 is then plugged onto the extension arms 13, 19 of each of the two manipulators.
  • the work associated with significant radiation exposure in the bottom cap 12 of the steam generator 1 is complete, apart from the subsequent dismantling of the adapters and manipulators.
  • the electrode 24 with the push cable 23 assigned to it is then inserted into the guide hose 16 and the guide hose 16 is coupled to the front end of the sealing device 22.
  • the electrolyte supply hose 9 can then be connected to the electrolyte pump 8. Now the operating personnel can completely move away from the radiation area because all further work can be carried out remotely.
  • the adapters 15, 21 coupled to their extension arms can be positioned in relation to the individual heat exchanger tubes guided through the tube plate 2 such that the hose connections are exactly aligned with the mouths of the heat exchanger tubes in the two chambers 11, 18 of the base cap 12 of the steam generator 1 are pressed.
  • the soft sealing rings (see FIG. 4) at the flange-like ends of the hose connections are pressed against the weld seam which connects the respective heat exchanger tube to the tube sheet 2.
  • pressurized gas or air can be applied, as is not shown here. If this is the case, the feed device 25 is switched on.
  • the push cable 23 is now moved through the motor-driven rollers 74 to 78 together with the electrode 24 fastened to its end through the guide tube 16, the adapter 21 into the respective heat exchanger tube 3.
  • the electrode 24 is retracted as far as the heat exchanger tube is to be decontaminated.
  • the flexibility of the electrode enables the passage through narrow heat exchanger tube bends.
  • the dry insertion of the electrode against the later flow direction of the electrolyte ensures that the electrode can be pulled out again in the event of jamming in the heat exchanger tube with the push cable and supported by the flow of the electrolyte.
  • the pump 8 for the electrolyte is switched on and the electrolyte is pumped into the heat exchanger tube 3 via the electrolyte supply hose 9. This flows through the heat exchanger tube past the electrode 24 and between the push cable 23 and the guide hose 16 into the first chamber of the sealing device 22. From this chamber it flows back through the first hose nozzle 69 into the electrolyte container 7.
  • the DC voltage source 31 is switched on and the electrode 24 is pulled out of the heat exchanger tube again at a predetermined speed via the feed device 25. Due to the current flow between the electrode 24 and the heat exchanger tube 3 connected to the other pole of the direct voltage source 31, the impurities on the inner surface of the heat exchanger tube and protruding bumps in the tube are preferably removed. The removed particles reach the electrolyte tank with the electrolyte flowing back. The flow pressure of the electrolyte supports the pull on the push cable 23. The electrolyte residues entrained by the push cable from the first chamber into the second chamber of the sealing device drip in it or are stripped off when it passes through the sealing disk 60. Electrolyte residues entrained in the third chamber are blown back into the third chamber by the counter-flowing compressed air when they pass through the sealing disk 62 separating the third chamber from the fourth chamber and drip off there.
  • a portion of the electrolyte is continuously pumped out of the electrolyte tank 7 by the circulating pump 28 of the electrolyte supply system 27, passed over a heat exchanger for cooling and over a filter for cleaning.
  • the cleaned and cooled electrolyte liquid then returns to the electrolyte container 7.
  • the temperature in the electrolyte container 7 is kept constant and the electrolyte supply system 27 can continue to run, even if the pump 8, which otherwise pumps the electrolyte into the electrolyte supply hose 9, when adjusting the Adapter is switched off.
  • the voltage source 31 and the pusher device 25 can be switched off.
  • compressed air is blown into the electrolyte feed hose 9 and the remaining electrolyte in the electrolyte feed hose, in the heat exchanger tube 3 and in the guide hose 16 is blown back into the electrolyte container 7.
  • the adapters 15, 21 can be positioned in front of a further heat exchanger tube.
  • the exact position of the two adapters and the tightness are then checked by introducing compressed gas, and the exact position of the two adapters and the tightness can be checked by introducing pressurized gas, and the next can be switched on by simply switching on the feed device 25, the pump 8, and the DC voltage source 31
  • Heat exchanger tube are electropolished without anyone having to enter one of the two chambers 11, 18 of the bottom cap 12 of the steam generator 1.
  • the radioactive contaminants that have passed into the electrolyte during electropolishing are rinsed with the electrolyte into the electrolyte container and ultimately reach the filter 30 via the filter circuit.
  • the activity of the electrolyte and its temperature can be reduced to one low Level can be maintained. Finally, only the filter cake needs to be disposed of.
  • This device has the great advantage that the length of time that the operating personnel can stay in the radiating area, in particular in the two chambers in the bottom cap of the steam generator, can be limited to the times required to use the manipulators and the adapters on the cantilever arms 13 , 19, 88 to fix the manipulators 14, 20 and later to dismantle them once the decompression work has ended. All other work can be carried out remotely.
  • adapters 89 with a plurality of hose connections 91 to 94, a plurality of steam generator tubes 81, 82, 85, 86 can be electropolished at the same time and the total time in which decontamination is carried out can be greatly reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)

Claims (15)

1. Procédé d'électropolissage de la surface intérieure de tube d'échangeur de chaleur en forme de U, comprenant une électrode reliée au pôle négatif d'une source de courant continu, pouvant être introduite dans le tube de l'échangeur de chaleur et pouvant en être retiré par un organe de traction et une pompe d'amenée de l'électrolyte reliée à un réservoir à électrolyte, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à introduire dans les deux chambres (11, 18) de la calotte formant le fond (12) de l'échangeur de chaleur (1) d'abord respectivement un manipulateur (14, 20) en soi connu destiné à la mise en position par télécommande de sondes de tubes dans les embouchures de tubes d'échangeur de chaleur (4, 5) et à fixer l'extrémité libre du bras extensible (13, 19, 88) de chaque manipulateur un adaptateur (15, 21, 89) ayant au moins un raccord à tuyau souple, à appliquer les deux adaptateurs des manipulateurs par une garniture d'étanchéité (95 à 98) aux embouchures du même tube d'échangeur de chaleur (3, 81, 82, 85, 86), à introduire ensuite une électrode (24) par un câble de poussée (23) jusqu'à l'extrémité du tronçon à examiner du tube d'échangeur de chaleur par un conduit souple (16) raccordé au tube d'échangeur de chaleur, à pomper immédiatement ensuite l'électrolyte liquide par un conduit d'amenée de l'électrolyte (9) dans le tube d'échangeur de chaleur et à l'envoyer dans un bassin de réception (7) par le conduit souple (16) et à retirer lentement l'électrode du tube d'échangeur de chaleur alors que le courant électrique passe et à enlever en dernier l'électrolyte du tube d'échangeur de chaleur.
2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à envoyer par pompage l'électrolyte liquide dans le tube d'échangeur de chaleur (3, 81, 82, 85, 86) dans la même direction que celle dans laquelle l'électrode (24) est retirée du tube d'échangeur de chaleur.
3. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste, pour vérifier l'application étanche de l'adapteur (15, 21, 89), à refouler du gaz sous pression dans le conduit souple avant le pompage de l'électrolyte.
4. Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'une électrode (24) est fixée à un câble de poussée (23) constitué d'un câble en cuivre (47) lisse et gainé, et peut être introduite dans un tube d'échangeur de chaleur (3) et en être retirée, par le câble de poussée en passant par un conduit souple (16) et par un adaptateur (21) en faisant partie et mis en position par un manipulateur (20), le câble de poussée passe à travers un dispositif d'étanchéité (22) fermant l'extrémité libre du tube souple (16) et un conduit souple d'amenée de l'électrolyte (9) relié à un adaptateur se trouvant sur un deuxième manipulateur communique, par son extrémité libre, avec un système d'alimentation en électrolyte (27).
5. Dispositif suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité du conduit souple qui est reliée au dispositif d'étanchéité (22), communique avec un bassin de réception (7) de l'électrolyte usée, et l'extrémité du conduit souple d'amenée de l'électrolyte (9) communique avec une pompe (8) d'amenée d'électrolyte frais.
6. Dispositif suivant la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le bassin de réception (7) de l'électrolyte usé communique avec un dispositif (28, 29, 30) de retraitement de l'électrolyte.
7. Dispositif suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'au dispositif d'étanchéité (22) est relié un dispositif d'avancement (25) destiné à déplacer longitudinalement le câble de poussée.
8. Dispositif suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'avancement (25) comporte des galets d'entraînement (74 à 98) entraînés par un moteur et enserrant entre eux le câble de poussée (23).
9. Dispositif suivant la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'avancement (25) comprend un tambour d'enroulement (26) du câble de poussée (23).
10. Dispositif suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'adaptateur (15, 21, 89) possède au moins un raccord pour conduit souple (91 à 94) adapté au diamètre des tubes d'échangeur de chaleur (3, 4, 5, 81 à 87) et de l'électrode (24), munis d'une garniture d'étanchéité (95 à 98) annulaire et susceptible d'être appliquée au fond du tube (2, 80) de l'échangeur de chaleur (1), et fixé aux bras extensibles (13,19, 88) d'un manipulateur.
11. Dispositif suivant la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce qu'une cuve de réception (90) entourant le raccordement pour conduit souple (91 à 94) est destinée à l'électrolyte liquide qui sort et est fixée à l'adapteur (89).
12. Dispositif suivant la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que la cuve de réception (90) communique par un conduit souple auxiliaire (105) avec le bassin de réception (7) de l'électrolyte usée.
13. Dispositif suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les bras extensibles (13, 19) des deux manipulateurs (14, 20) peuvent être mis en position respectivement en synchronisme avec les deux extrémités d'un seul et même tube d'échangeur de chaleur (3).
14. Dispositif suivant la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que l'adaptateur (89) porte plusieurs raccords pour conduits souples (91 à 94) disposés à la même distance mutuelle que les tubes d'échangeur de chaleur (81 à 87).
15. Dispositif suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le câble de cuivre (47) est gainé de matière plastique, notamment de polytétrafluoroéthylène.
EP85109706A 1984-08-17 1985-08-02 Procédé et dispositif pour le polissage électrolytique des surfaces internes de tubes d'échangeurs de chaleur en forme d'U Expired EP0171717B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843430384 DE3430384A1 (de) 1984-08-17 1984-08-17 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum elektropolieren der innenoberflaeche von u-foermigen waermetauscherrohren
DE3430384 1984-08-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0171717A1 EP0171717A1 (fr) 1986-02-19
EP0171717B1 true EP0171717B1 (fr) 1988-11-02

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EP85109706A Expired EP0171717B1 (fr) 1984-08-17 1985-08-02 Procédé et dispositif pour le polissage électrolytique des surfaces internes de tubes d'échangeurs de chaleur en forme d'U

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Country Link
US (1) US4645581A (fr)
EP (1) EP0171717B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3430384A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES8700339A1 (fr)

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DE3136187C2 (de) * 1981-09-12 1988-08-18 Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh, 7500 Karlsruhe Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reinigung der Innenwände von metallischen Leitungssystemen durch Elektropolieren mit Hilfe bewegter Elektroden
DE3136186A1 (de) * 1981-09-12 1983-03-24 Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh, 7500 Karlsruhe Verfahren und vorrichtung zur reinigung der innenwaende von metallischen leitungssystemen durch elektropolieren mit hilfe bewegter elektroden
FR2534410A1 (fr) * 1982-10-12 1984-04-13 Sfermi Procede et dispositif de decontamination de generateur de vapeur annexe a un reacteur nucleaire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES546194A0 (es) 1986-10-16
US4645581A (en) 1987-02-24
DE3430384A1 (de) 1986-02-20
EP0171717A1 (fr) 1986-02-19
DE3566002D1 (en) 1988-12-08
ES8700339A1 (es) 1986-10-16

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