EP0144922B1 - Lubrifiant - Google Patents

Lubrifiant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0144922B1
EP0144922B1 EP84114499A EP84114499A EP0144922B1 EP 0144922 B1 EP0144922 B1 EP 0144922B1 EP 84114499 A EP84114499 A EP 84114499A EP 84114499 A EP84114499 A EP 84114499A EP 0144922 B1 EP0144922 B1 EP 0144922B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lubricants
propylene oxide
mol
contain
oxide units
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP84114499A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0144922A3 (en
EP0144922A2 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Dr. Wildersohn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mineraloelwerke Wenzel und Weidmann Zweigniederla
Original Assignee
Mineralolwerke Wenzel und Weidmann Zweigniederlassung Der Fuchs Mineralolwerke Mannheim GmbH
Wenzel and Weidmann GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mineralolwerke Wenzel und Weidmann Zweigniederlassung Der Fuchs Mineralolwerke Mannheim GmbH, Wenzel and Weidmann GmbH filed Critical Mineralolwerke Wenzel und Weidmann Zweigniederlassung Der Fuchs Mineralolwerke Mannheim GmbH
Priority to AT84114499T priority Critical patent/ATE60081T1/de
Publication of EP0144922A2 publication Critical patent/EP0144922A2/fr
Publication of EP0144922A3 publication Critical patent/EP0144922A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0144922B1 publication Critical patent/EP0144922B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/08—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving lubricity; for reducing wear
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/143—Organic compounds mixtures of organic macromolecular compounds with organic non-macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/198—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid
    • C10L1/1985—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid polyethers, e.g. di- polygylcols and derivatives; ethers - esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/04—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for minimising corrosion or incrustation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
    • C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
    • C10M107/34—Polyoxyalkylenes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/68—Esters
    • C10M129/76—Esters containing free hydroxy or carboxyl groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/16—Amides; Imides
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    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/38—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M133/44—Five-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/38—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M133/44—Five-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C10M133/46—Imidazoles
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    • C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • C10M135/32—Heterocyclic sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds
    • C10M135/36—Heterocyclic sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
    • C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
    • C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M137/10—Thio derivatives
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    • C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
    • C10M137/12—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having a phosphorus-to-carbon bond
    • C10M137/14—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having a phosphorus-to-carbon bond containing sulfur
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/185—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Aldehydes; Ketones
    • C10L1/1852—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Orthoesters
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    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
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    • C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C10L1/232—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing nitrogen in a heterocyclic ring
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    • C10L1/24—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium
    • C10L1/2443—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium heterocyclic compounds
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    • C10L1/26—Organic compounds containing phosphorus
    • C10L1/2608—Organic compounds containing phosphorus containing a phosphorus-carbon bond
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    • C10L1/2633—Organic compounds containing phosphorus phosphorus bond to oxygen (no P. C. bond)
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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    • C10M2207/287—Partial esters
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    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/287—Partial esters
    • C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
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    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/1033—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups used as base material
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    • C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
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    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
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    • C10M2209/107—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of two or more specified different alkylene oxides covered by groups C10M2209/104 - C10M2209/106
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    • C10M2209/1075—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of two or more specified different alkylene oxides covered by groups C10M2209/104 - C10M2209/106 used as base material
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    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/109—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups esterified
    • C10M2209/1095—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups esterified used as base material
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    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/08—Amides
    • C10M2215/082—Amides containing hydroxyl groups; Alkoxylated derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2215/086—Imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/12—Partial amides of polycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/12—Partial amides of polycarboxylic acids
    • C10M2215/122—Phtalamic acid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2215/221—Six-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C10M2215/224—Imidazoles
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    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/225—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/225—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
    • C10M2215/226—Morpholines
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    • C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2215/30—Heterocyclic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C10M2219/102—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon only in the ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
    • C10M2219/106—Thiadiazoles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
    • C10M2219/108—Phenothiazine
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/041—Triaryl phosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/047—Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/065—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds containing sulfur
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
    • C10N2040/26—Two-strokes or two-cycle engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the use of lubricants based on polyol for two-stroke, four-stroke and rotary piston engines when operating the same with fuels which contain alcohol (s) and / or nitroalkane (s) and / or propylene oxide, the lubricant being added to the fuels and / or is in a separate lubricant circuit and the polyols consist of at least 40 mol% of propylene oxide units.
  • Lubricants with additions of polyols in engines that are operated with conventional hydrocarbon-based fuels are known.
  • DE-AS 17 94 133 describes lubricating oils which contain 0.01-5% by weight of a polyol which contains 10-40% by weight of ethylene oxide units.
  • Another component of the lubricants described in this document are oil-soluble substituted succinic acid compounds.
  • DE-PS 22 20 338 discloses water-soluble lubricants as metalworking and hydraulic fluids which consist of a relatively large mixing block made up of statistically distributed ethylene oxide and propylene oxide units.
  • DE-OS 23 45 540 describes lubricants for closed refrigerant circuits containing refrigerant, which consist of polyglycols.
  • the connecting rod plain bearings, roller bearings, in the crank mechanism and in the cam drive in two-stroke, four-stroke and rotary piston engines, in which fuel and lubricant are mixed, are lubricated by means of the oil coming in from the combustion chamber via the fuel. Blow-by gases when driving with a separate lubricant circuit that come into contact with the oil lead to corrosion in the crankcase when using castor oil and unalloyed synthetic oils as lubricants. Ester oils also do not work satisfactorily due to the formation of deposits on the piston and corrosion on brass parts of the ball bearings and the bronze bearings on the connecting rod.
  • the object of the present invention was therefore to provide a lubricant that meets the requirements in this field.
  • lubricants on polyol bases for the operation of two-stroke engines, four-stroke and rotary piston engines with fuels which contain alcohol (s) and / or nitroalkane (s) and / or propylene oxide, the lubricant being added to the fuels and / or is in a separate lubricant circuit, and the polyol (s) consists of more than 40 mol% propylene oxide units and contains an additive which comprises at least one thermally stable, ash-free detergent as components from nitrogen-containing organic compounds, contains at least one wear protection additive and at least one rust and at least one corrosion inhibitor.
  • Lubricants for two-stroke, four-stroke and rotary piston engines operated with mixed fuel (lubricant contained in the fuel) as well as four-stroke and rotary piston engines with a separate lubricant circuit are subject to numerous requirements. This includes perfect solubility in the fuel, certain viscosities depending on the temperature, good wear protection behavior, maintaining the cleanliness of the combustion chamber, avoiding sticking of the outlet slots, good corrosion protection, no gumming and varnishing, no formation of bridges on spark plugs, no deposits in ring grooves and piston crowns , Freedom of movement of the piston rings, sufficient lubricating effect with the addition of usual amounts of lubricant and self-miscibility with the fuel.
  • Polyester lubricants e.g. Polyester lubricants, polyol ethers and polyols.
  • Numerous polyols are commercially available products, e.g. Polyols which are composed of polyethylene oxide, of mixtures of polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide, of mixtures of the oxides mentioned with further olefin oxides, of polypropylene oxide and etherified and partially etherified polyols.
  • lubricants according to the invention were tested on two-stroke engines, four-stroke engines and rotary piston engines operated with particularly high loads using methanol and ethanol fuels.
  • the two-stroke test engines used for the investigation were air-cooled engines with a displacement of 35 cc each, an output of 1.7 KW (2.3 HP) each with a speed of 10,000 rpm.
  • the test runs were carried out at maximum output with new engines without a running-in period and a runtime of 5 hours each in full load operation and 150-200 hours part load operation.
  • Pure methanol was used as fuel, undistilled technical. Methanol (raw methanol), 95% ethanol and pure ethanol, ethanol / gasoline and methanol / gasoline as well as methanol / nitromethane or nitroethane, ethanol / nitromethane or nitroethane, methanol / nitromethane / propylene oxide, methanol / gasoline, propylene oxide, methanol / gasoline / Nitromethane, methanol / gasoline / nitromethane / propylene oxide and ethanol / gasoline / nitromethane / propylene oxide. Other ingredients were additives, small amounts of water and small amounts of ethers and hydrocarbons. The ratio of lubricants to fuel was 1:16, 1:40 and 1:50.
  • Table 1 The test results are summarized in Table 1. In all tests, 2.8% by weight of an additive which contained the above-mentioned components was added to the lubricant.
  • Table 2 shows results obtained with polyglycols from propylene oxide units of different viscosities.
  • Viscosities at 50 ° C are given.
  • the samples examined contained 2.8 and 3.4% by weight of an additive which contained the components indicated above.
  • Table 3 shows the cold behavior when standing for 10 hours with regard to precipitations.
  • the samples contained 3.4% by weight of additive.
  • Table 4 shows the cold behavior when standing for 10 hours with the addition of 10% by volume of ethanol.
  • the amount of additive was 3.4% by weight.
  • Table 2 shows that the lubricants based on propylene oxide provide perfect results even with different viscosities. Less satisfactory results occur only in the case of viscosity 240.
  • Table 3 shows that in the case of viscosity 40 from -15 ° C a slight turbidity occurs when standing for 10 hours, in the case of viscosities 80 and 140 only at -20 ° C. If an additional 10% by weight of ethanol is added to the lubricant, the clouding is eliminated in all cases (Tab. 4). The same was found with 10% additions of methanol, isopropanol and n-butanol.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Heterocyclic Compounds That Contain Two Or More Ring Oxygen Atoms (AREA)

Claims (7)

1. Utilisation des lubrifiants en partant de polyol(s) pour l'opération des moteurs à deux temps, des moteurs à quatre temps et des moteurs à pistons rotatifs avec des carburants contenant d'alcool (des alcools) et/ou des nitro-alcanes, en particulier de nitrométhane et/ou de propène oxyde, où le lubrifiant d'une façon est ajouté à carburant et/ou de l'autre façon est présent dans un cycle de lubrifiant séparé et où le polyol (les polyols) consiste en plus de 40% en moles des unités de propène oxyde et comprende un additif contenant comme des constituants au moins un détergent étant stable thermique et étant libre de cendre et consistant d'un composé organique contenant d'azote et contenant additionellement comme des constituants au moins un additif résistant à l'usure et contenant additionellement comme des constituants au moins un additif contre la rouille et au moins un additif anticorrosif.
2. Utilisation des lubrifiants selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le carburant contient 1-15 parts de volume du polyol par loo parts de volume de carburant.
3. Utilisation des lubrifiants selon la revendications 1 et 2, caracterisé en ce que le polyol (les polyols) consiste(nt) au moins de 75% en moles des unités de propène oxide.
4. Utilisation des lubrifiants selon les revendications 1 à 3, caracterisé en ce que les lubrifiants contiennent un mélange des polyols des viscosités différentes, consistant chacun au moins des 40% en moles des unités de propène oxide.
5. Utilization des lubrifiants selon les revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les lubrifiants contiennent un mélange des polyols des viscosités différentes, consistant chacun au moins des 75% en moles des unités de propène oxide.
6. Utilisation des lubrifiants selon les revendications 1 à 5, caracterisé en ce que les lubrifiants contiennent additionellement des alcools.
7. Utilisation des lubrifiants selon les revendications 1 à 6, caracterisé en ce que les alcools sont Cl-C6- alcools.
EP84114499A 1983-12-03 1984-11-29 Lubrifiant Expired - Lifetime EP0144922B1 (fr)

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AT84114499T ATE60081T1 (de) 1983-12-03 1984-11-29 Schmiermittel.

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DE3343816 1983-12-03
DE3343816A DE3343816C2 (de) 1983-12-03 1983-12-03 Schmiermittel

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EP0144922A2 EP0144922A2 (fr) 1985-06-19
EP0144922A3 EP0144922A3 (en) 1987-01-07
EP0144922B1 true EP0144922B1 (fr) 1991-01-16

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DE3708338A1 (de) * 1987-03-14 1988-09-22 Basf Ag Kraftstoffe, enthaltend geringe mengen alkoxylate und polycarbonsaeureimide
DE3711985A1 (de) * 1987-04-09 1988-10-20 Union Rheinische Braunkohlen Verwendung von polyolethern zur verhinderung oder verminderung von ablagerungen in gemischaufbereitungssystemen
US5114436A (en) * 1987-04-20 1992-05-19 Betz Laboratories, Inc. Process and composition for stabilized distillate fuel oils
FR2633638B1 (fr) * 1988-06-29 1991-04-19 Inst Francais Du Petrole Formulations d'additifs azotes pour carburants moteurs et les carburants moteurs les contenant
FR2646434B2 (fr) * 1988-06-29 1991-08-30 Inst Francais Du Petrole Formulation d'additifs pour carburants comprenant au moins une composition obtenue a partir d'une hydroxymidazoline et d'une polyamine et son utilisation comme additif pour carburants
DE68902891T2 (de) * 1988-07-22 1993-03-25 Akzo Nv Synthetische schmieroelzusammensetzung.
JPH06212182A (ja) * 1993-01-20 1994-08-02 Nippon Oil Co Ltd ２サイクルエンジン用潤滑油
DE19647554A1 (de) * 1996-11-16 1998-05-28 Daimler Benz Ag Funktionsflüssigkeit für lebensdauergeschmierte Verbrennungsmotoren
CN103890154A (zh) * 2011-11-01 2014-06-25 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 油溶性聚亚烷基二醇润滑剂组合物

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0144922A3 (en) 1987-01-07
DE3343816A1 (de) 1985-06-13
EP0144922A2 (fr) 1985-06-19
ATE60081T1 (de) 1991-02-15
DE3343816C2 (de) 1986-12-04
DE3483953D1 (de) 1991-02-21

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