EP0144036B1 - Verfahren zum Dekontaminieren metallischer Komponenten einer kerntechnischen Anlage - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Dekontaminieren metallischer Komponenten einer kerntechnischen Anlage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0144036B1
EP0144036B1 EP84113995A EP84113995A EP0144036B1 EP 0144036 B1 EP0144036 B1 EP 0144036B1 EP 84113995 A EP84113995 A EP 84113995A EP 84113995 A EP84113995 A EP 84113995A EP 0144036 B1 EP0144036 B1 EP 0144036B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
process according
electrolytic fluid
component
synthetic sponge
filter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP84113995A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0144036A3 (en
EP0144036A2 (de
Inventor
Hermann Dipl.-Ing. Operschall
Hubert Dipl.-Ing. Stamm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0144036A2 publication Critical patent/EP0144036A2/de
Publication of EP0144036A3 publication Critical patent/EP0144036A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0144036B1 publication Critical patent/EP0144036B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/001—Decontamination of contaminated objects, apparatus, clothes, food; Preventing contamination thereof
    • G21F9/002—Decontamination of the surface of objects with chemical or electrochemical processes
    • G21F9/004—Decontamination of the surface of objects with chemical or electrochemical processes of metallic surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F3/00—Electrolytic etching or polishing
    • C25F3/16—Polishing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25F7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic removal of material from objects; Servicing or operating
    • C25F7/02—Regeneration of process liquids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the electrochemical decontamination of a metallic component, which is part of a nuclear plant, by electropolishing with the aid of electrodes and an electrolytic liquid which is a low percentage acid and which is stored in an absorbent material and applied to the component from there.
  • a method for electrolytic pickling, rust removal and cleaning of a metal surface is known, an electrolyte being brought between the metal surface forming an electrode and a counter electrode.
  • an absorbent material is arranged there which is impregnated with the electrolyte.
  • a low percentage sulfuric acid is used as the electrolyte.
  • the material soaked in acid is pressed onto the surface to be cleaned and, if necessary, moved from one position to another.
  • DE-AS-1 192 522 Another decontamination process is known from DE-AS-1 192 522, where an electrolyte is held in a chamber between the metal surface to be disinfected and a counter electrode.
  • the counter electrode is hood-shaped and has an elastically closing edge.
  • the electrolytic liquid is moved through the chamber from a storage container via feed and outlet connections on the hood-shaped counterelectrode. Filters are arranged in the electrolyte circuit. Even when using this method, the device has to be repositioned several times to disinfect a large surface, which leads to a high expenditure of time for decontamination.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a method for decontaminating metallic components of a nuclear plant, in which only small amounts of secondary waste ultimately to be eliminated. Waste disposal should also be as simple as possible. Moreover, the new process should be to design so that the expense for the chemical decontamination especially with respect to the radioactive corrosion products, substantially so the gamma emitters 58 C O, 60Co, 51 Cr, 54 Mn, 65 Zn, 124 Sb, 144 Ce, is significantly reduced.
  • the electrochemical treatment can be supplemented by a mechanical treatment.
  • the additional mechanical treatment means that less electrolyte fluid is needed compared to what is known.
  • the amount of electrolyte liquid required is reduced even more by constantly filtering and thus cleaning the liquid volume. An extensive concentration of the activity carriers in the filter is obtained.
  • the electrolyte fluid can therefore be used longer and more often.
  • the radioactive secondary waste is reduced. It is essentially sufficient to remove used filters with radiation protection.
  • the invention is also characterized by good decontamination results.
  • Candle filters made of an acid-resistant material, in particular plastic, are suitable as filters in the implementation of the invention. It is important to have the smallest possible pore size in order to be able to separate the oxide particles dissolved in the electrolyte liquid. The pore size should not exceed 1.5 ⁇ m. Even more favorable results are obtained with a filter whose pore size is 1.2 ⁇ m or less.
  • the invention makes do with less aggressive electrolyte liquids. Therefore various organic or inorganic acids of low concentration are possible. You can also work with alkalis.
  • the electrolyte content in an aqueous solution need only be a few percent by weight.
  • Phosphoric acid with a concentration of 8 to 15 percent by weight, in particular 10 percent by weight, is particularly suitable for the treatment of austenitic materials.
  • the decontamination can advantageously be reinforced by mechanical action.
  • a relative movement between the electrolyte liquid and the component can be generated with ultrasound, preferably in the kilohertz range.
  • high flow rates (> 1 m / s) with an erosive effect on the surface to be decontaminated can be generated by high electrolyte throughput, in particular by forming the flow cross sections for the electrolyte throughput as narrow gaps.
  • the electrolyte liquid can also are moved along the component with the aid of an electrode. A trough-shaped electrode filled with a wiping agent is particularly suitable for this.
  • a plastic sponge made of polyester or polypropylene is advantageously used as the wiping agent and carrier of the electrolyte liquid. But you can also work with a plastic brush to improve the mechanical effect, which helps to break up the contaminated oxide layer.
  • the component to be decontaminated can be treated in a plastic tub from which the electrolyte liquid is fed into the filter. This is especially true in the event that external surfaces are to be decontaminated which, because of their surface shape, cannot be enclosed with an electrode so tightly that practically no electrolyte liquid can escape. In the case of components with a cavity to be decontaminated, this can be closed except for an outlet for the electrolyte liquid, so that the component itself is used as a container in a known manner. However, it is also possible to combine the two in order to avoid contamination by escaping electrolyte liquid.
  • the size of the trough-shaped electrodes depends on the curvature of the surfaces to be treated. Large electrodes can be used for weak curvatures. On the other hand, it is also possible to enlarge. to operate several electrodes with a common voltage source and a common filter of the overall effective electrode surfaces.
  • the pipe section 1 to be decontaminated is connected as an anode to a DC voltage source 2.
  • the cathode is designed as a trough 3, which encloses a sponge body 4 made of polyester.
  • the electrode 3 is composed of a base plate 6 with a circular cross section and a flanged edge strip 7 which surrounds this and the sponge body 4 and over which the sponge body 4 projects.
  • a handle 8 is attached to the base plate 6, with which the electrode 3 can be guided by hand along the inner surface of the tube 1, so that the sponge body 4 wipes along the inner surface 9 of the tube piece 1.
  • a line 10 leads through the base plate 6, through which, in the direction of the arrows 11, phosphoric acid with a concentration of 10 percent by weight circulates as an electrolyte liquid in a circle.
  • the circle includes a candle filter 12 and an electrolyte pump 13 and a plastic trough 14 from which the electrolyte liquid emerging from the sponge body 4 is sucked off.
  • the pipe section 1 With the help of a pad 15, the pipe section 1 is mounted obliquely over the plastic trough 14, so that the electrolyte liquid flows off on one side.
  • the electrolyte liquid has a temperature of 25 to 40 ° C because it heats up during decontamination.
  • the current surface load is approximately 20 amperes / dm 2 . If, for example, austenitic steel DIN 1.4550 is treated with these values, whereby 10 to 15 minutes are used for an area of 6 dm 2 , the radiation exposure before decontamination is reduced by more than 600 mR / h to values of less than 20 mR /H. The inner surface of the pipe then appears to be shiny metallic.
  • the detached oxide layer is deposited in the filter candle 12 with a pore size of ⁇ 1.2 fJJT1 with 90% of the activity.
  • the tube Before re-use, the tube must be rinsed so that it is chemically neutral. This flushing can be much less complex if a chemical which is already present during normal operation of the tube 1, for example the boric acid used in a pressurized water reactor for reactivity control, is used as the electrolyte.
  • the detached activity carriers resulting from the decontamination are removed by a final storage of the filter candle 12 using known means.
  • the electrolyte liquid itself can be retained for further applications.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
EP84113995A 1983-11-30 1984-11-19 Verfahren zum Dekontaminieren metallischer Komponenten einer kerntechnischen Anlage Expired - Lifetime EP0144036B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833343396 DE3343396A1 (de) 1983-11-30 1983-11-30 Verfahren zum dekontaminieren metallischer komponenten einer kerntechnischen anlage
DE3343396 1983-11-30

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0144036A2 EP0144036A2 (de) 1985-06-12
EP0144036A3 EP0144036A3 (en) 1985-07-17
EP0144036B1 true EP0144036B1 (de) 1990-03-07

Family

ID=6215710

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84113995A Expired - Lifetime EP0144036B1 (de) 1983-11-30 1984-11-19 Verfahren zum Dekontaminieren metallischer Komponenten einer kerntechnischen Anlage

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4632740A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0144036B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS60135799A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE3343396A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020161459A1 (en) 2019-02-05 2020-08-13 Magnesium Elektron Limited Zirconia-based aqueous np-dispersion for use in coating filter substrates

Families Citing this family (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE443002B (sv) * 1984-07-04 1986-02-10 Asea Atom Ab Sett for lokal rengoring av med korrosionsprodukter, fremst oxider, belagda metallytor pa en kernreaktor i samband med inspektion
DE3507927A1 (de) * 1985-03-06 1986-09-11 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren und handgeraet zum halbmechanischen verzinken von blechoberflaechen
JPS6262292A (ja) * 1985-09-12 1987-03-18 動力炉・核燃料開発事業団 放射性廃液の処理方法
JPS62116299A (ja) * 1985-11-15 1987-05-27 株式会社　原子力代行 現場用電解除染装置
FR2592895B1 (fr) * 1986-01-16 1990-11-16 Selectrons France Installation pour la realisation de traitements electrolytiques localises de surfaces.
DE3672831D1 (de) * 1986-05-20 1990-08-23 Poligrat Gmbh Vorrichtung und verfahren zum elektrochemischen polieren der innenflaechen von rohren.
FR2609352B1 (fr) * 1987-01-05 1992-10-30 Commissariat Energie Atomique Procede de decontamination de la surface d'une piece metallique contaminee par du tritium et dispositif utilisable pour ce procede
GB8708945D0 (en) * 1987-04-14 1987-05-20 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Electrolytic polishing device
AT411693B (de) * 2002-07-01 2004-04-26 Fronius Int Gmbh Elektrochemisches verfahren zum reinigen von oberflächen metallischer werkstücke
ES2042895T3 (es) * 1988-07-28 1993-12-16 Siemens Ag Procedimiento de electropulido para fines de descontaminacion.
US5135632A (en) * 1988-10-10 1992-08-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for electropolishing surfaces
JPH0794090B2 (ja) * 1989-11-01 1995-10-11 工業技術院長 小径管内面の電解砥粒超鏡面仕上げ方法
FR2696864B1 (fr) * 1992-10-13 1994-12-23 Gradient Rech Royallieu Procédé d'électro-décontamination anodique de l'intérieur de corps creux métalliques, notamment de tubes de circuits primaires de centrale nucléaire, et installation de mise en Óoeuvre dudit procédé.
DE4420139C1 (de) * 1994-06-09 1995-12-07 Kraftanlagen En Und Industriea Verfahren zur elektrochemischen Dekontamination von radioaktiv belasteten Oberflächen von Metallkomponenten aus kerntechnischen Anlagen
DE19521132C1 (de) * 1995-06-09 1996-10-17 Poligrat Holding Gmbh Verfahren zum Entmetallisieren von hochsauren Bädern und Verwendung dieses Verfahrens beim Elektropolieren von Edelstahloberflächen
US5772012A (en) * 1996-05-08 1998-06-30 Corpex Technologies, Inc. Flexible decontamination apparatus
US5776330A (en) * 1996-05-08 1998-07-07 Corpex Technologies, Inc. Electrolytic decontamination methods and apparatus
ES2156513B1 (es) * 1998-12-03 2001-12-01 Nac De Residuos Radioactivos S Procedimiento para descontaminacion ionica del hormigon en instalaciones nucleares.
DE10128507B4 (de) * 2001-06-14 2008-07-17 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Verwendung einer Vorrichtung zum chemischen oder elektrochemischen Bearbeiten von Bauteilen
US20050230267A1 (en) * 2003-07-10 2005-10-20 Veatch Bradley D Electro-decontamination of contaminated surfaces
DE102008048691A1 (de) * 2008-07-07 2010-01-14 Areva Np Gmbh Verfahren zur Konditionierung einer bei der nasschemischen Reinigung konventioneller oder nukleartechnischer Anlagen anfallenden, organische Substanzen und Metalle in ionischer Form enthaltenden Abfalllösung
US20100072059A1 (en) * 2008-09-25 2010-03-25 Peters Michael J Electrolytic System and Method for Enhanced Radiological, Nuclear, and Industrial Decontamination
GB2493295B (en) * 2010-04-01 2015-06-10 Univ Dundee Decontamination method
JP6633836B2 (ja) * 2015-04-28 2020-01-22 日立造船株式会社 電解加工装置
GB201909090D0 (en) * 2019-06-25 2019-08-07 C Tech Innovation Ltd Electrochemical surface treatment

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2539455A (en) * 1944-01-27 1951-01-30 Mazia Joseph Electrolytic polishing of metals
NL221303A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1956-10-04
DE1192522B (de) * 1960-05-17 1965-05-06 Chemische Maschb Werke Veb Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Entseuchung radioaktiv verseuchter Gegenstaende und Flaechen
NL298018A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1962-09-17
US3751343A (en) * 1971-06-14 1973-08-07 A Macula Brush electroplating metal at increased rates of deposition
DD136982A1 (de) * 1978-06-08 1979-08-08 Schwanzara Bennoit Rolf Vorrichtung zum elektrolytischen beizen der innenwandung metallischer hohlzylinder
US4190513A (en) * 1978-09-18 1980-02-26 Jumer John F Apparatus for containerless portable electro-polishing
US4318786A (en) * 1980-03-10 1982-03-09 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Electrolytic decontamination
FI802444A7 (fi) * 1980-08-05 1981-01-01 Outokumpu Oy Laite elektrolyyttiseen kiillotukseen.
US4401532A (en) * 1981-05-28 1983-08-30 Jackson Opha L Radioactive decontamination apparatus and process
DE3136187C2 (de) * 1981-09-12 1988-08-18 Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh, 7500 Karlsruhe Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reinigung der Innenwände von metallischen Leitungssystemen durch Elektropolieren mit Hilfe bewegter Elektroden
JPS5915900A (ja) * 1982-07-19 1984-01-26 株式会社日立製作所 放射性金属廃棄物の除染方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020161459A1 (en) 2019-02-05 2020-08-13 Magnesium Elektron Limited Zirconia-based aqueous np-dispersion for use in coating filter substrates

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0144036A3 (en) 1985-07-17
JPS60135799A (ja) 1985-07-19
JPH0458919B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1992-09-18
US4632740A (en) 1986-12-30
DE3481530D1 (de) 1990-04-12
EP0144036A2 (de) 1985-06-12
DE3343396A1 (de) 1985-06-05

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