EP0142513B1 - Dispositif d'injection de carburant dans des chambres de combustion - Google Patents

Dispositif d'injection de carburant dans des chambres de combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0142513B1
EP0142513B1 EP84901332A EP84901332A EP0142513B1 EP 0142513 B1 EP0142513 B1 EP 0142513B1 EP 84901332 A EP84901332 A EP 84901332A EP 84901332 A EP84901332 A EP 84901332A EP 0142513 B1 EP0142513 B1 EP 0142513B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ceramic element
ceramic
heater
rapid
heating
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Expired
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EP84901332A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0142513A1 (fr
Inventor
Ernst Imhof
Iwan Komaroff
Günther Schmid
Werner Grünwald
Helmut Reum
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M53/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/04—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/06—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means with fuel-heating means, e.g. for vaporising
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a device for injecting fuel into combustion chambers according to the categories of independent claims 1 and 7.
  • a device of the generic type is known in which a ceramic incandescent body is provided on the inner channel wall and optionally also on the outer jacket with heating elements which are expediently formed as thin metal coatings and are divided into individual areas which can be controlled independently of other areas in order to selectively different annealing states cause and thereby adapt the beam and ignition quality to the requirements of optimal operation.
  • it is proposed in this document as u. a. to provide an incandescent filament which is embedded in a ceramic support body which can also serve as a heat store during prolonged annealing.
  • a glow plug for heating the air or the air-fuel mixture in an internal combustion engine which is provided with two metallic heating wire elements of different heating intensities, both of which are embedded in a ceramic mass, which are used for insulation the metallic heating elements compared to other components of the glow plug. Direct contact of the heating elements with the air or the air / fuel mixture flowing around the glow plug is not provided and is not possible.
  • the number of individual components of the device can be reduced if the heating elements are formed by a common coil.
  • the different body contact between the heating elements and the ceramic body can preferably be achieved in that the heating elements are also corrugated in their longitudinal direction and differ by a different corrugation length and / or corrugation height and / or embedment depth in the ceramic body.
  • the heating elements can be electrically connected in parallel and can each be controlled in a specific operating state in accordance with the requirements.
  • the sequence of the heating elements is chosen according to the heating requirements.
  • a quick heating element then a permanent heating element and then again a quick heating element can be arranged in the flow direction of the fuel.
  • independent claim 7 there is a simple design because the support body itself forms the permanent heating element for constant operation and an additional heating element is not required for this.
  • a heating element resistant to high temperatures and combustion gases is obtained without additional effort, which is insensitive to temperature shocks and is suitable for both short heating-up times and continuous glow operation.
  • the ceramic support body can preferably consist of a ceramic material with a negative temperature coefficient (NTC resistance), preferably of SiC. With appropriate coordination with the metallic heating element, the ceramic support body could also be made of a material with a positive temperature coefficient (PTC resistance), for. B. MoSi 2 exist.
  • NTC resistance negative temperature coefficient
  • PTC resistance positive temperature coefficient
  • the specified materials are particularly resistant to thermal shock and can be used in both reducing and oxidizing atmospheres up to high temperatures (SiC up to approx. 1150 ° C, MoSi 2 up to approx. 1300 ° C).
  • the metallic heating element can consist of a material with a positive temperature coefficient (PCT resistance), preferably of a platinum alloy.
  • PCT resistance positive temperature coefficient
  • Such a heating element can be combined with the ceramic glow element as a second heating element to form a fast-responding permanent glow element.
  • the metallic heating element glows within a short time when the engine is preheated and started, providing the high starting power and also heating the ceramic support body until it becomes conductive is and continues to heat itself up by self-consumption.
  • the current load of the metallic heating element designed as a PCT resistor drops back to lower values, so that continuous operation of the metallic heating element is also possible without damage.
  • the successive effect of the two heating elements is achieved without additional switching means, and the ceramic support body, which is designed as an incandescent body with its own heating, is also particularly well suited for forming channels through which the combustion air accompanying the squirting fuel is guided.
  • the interaction of the metallic heating element with the ceramic supporting body can be influenced in a targeted manner if the metallic heating element has good heat-conducting contact with the supporting body at least over part of its length.
  • the sections of the metallic heating element which are in thermally conductive contact with the support body heat up more slowly than its other line sections and therefore remain longer in a lower resistance range.
  • the sections of the metallic heating element that heat up faster or more strongly can be arranged in that region of the glow attachment in which the accompanying combustion air has already mixed with the edge zones of the fuel jet.
  • the support body has a central bore for the passage of the fuel and the metallic heating element is provided with at least one, but preferably a plurality of spiral sections arranged on the bore wall of the support body.
  • the spiral sections of the mechanical heating element arranged on the bore wall of the support body additionally ensure good swirling or mixing of the accompanying combustion air with the edge zones of the fuel jet.
  • the air guiding device conducts the flow of the combustion air accompanying the injecting fuel before it enters the central bore of the support body via its outer jacket and that the line sections of the metallic heating element connecting the inner coil sections pass through the outer jacket or through Outer jacket outgoing recesses of the support body are guided.
  • the accompanying combustion air is preheated well before it is touched or mixed with the injecting fuel.
  • the line sections of the metallic heating element connecting the inner coil sections are also designed as coils which are suitably inserted into slots extending radially from the circumference of the support body and extending close to its central bore wall.
  • the length of the spiral sections of the metallic heating element arranged in the slots of the support body can be approximately 50% of its total length.
  • the inner coil sections of the metallic heating element located in the central bore of the support body glow, for example, within 1 to 2 seconds in the temperature range from approximately 1200 to 1400 ° C.
  • the other spiral sections inserted in the slots of the support body are much slower in the temperature rise with more intense thermal contact with the support body.
  • the PTC effect of the metallic heating element now leads to the fact that the high temperature, which is important for the starting phase, of the inner spiral sections facing the injection jet decreases to the extent that the increase in resistance of the slowly heating spiral sections progresses in the slots of the supporting body.
  • This self-regulating effect thus brings the high heating element temperature, which is important for the starting phase, back to a value which no longer affects the service life of the metallic heating element.
  • the temperature of the support body, heated by the metallic heating element continues to increase until its resistance has dropped so far that the support body itself becomes a heat conductor when the voltage is applied.
  • a fuel injector with only one spray opening such as a plug or an outwardly opening injector, or a multi-hole nozzle.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 has an injection nozzle 2 screwed into a motor housing 1, which is followed by a heating device 3.
  • the injection nozzle 2 has a nozzle body 4 and a valve needle 5, as well as a clamping nut 6, with which the nozzle body 4 is clamped to a nozzle holder, not shown, and which acts with its one end face on a spacer ring 7 between the motor housing 1 and the injection nozzle 2.
  • the heating device 3 has a housing 8 fastened to the clamping nut 6, which has a sleeve-shaped extension 9 which bears a glow body provided with the reference number 10 as a whole and surrounds it with radial play.
  • the sleeve-shaped extension 9 in turn protrudes with radial play into a bore 11 in the engine housing 1, which leads from the injection nozzle 2 into the combustion chamber. Due to the radial play, an annular space 12 is formed between the bore 11 and the attachment 9 and an annular space 13 is formed between the attachment 9 and the incandescent body 10, which is connected to the annular space 12 via holes 14 in the attachment 9.
  • the incandescent body 10 has a bush-shaped ceramic body 15 which is provided with a passage 16 for the spray jets and with ventilation openings 17 opening laterally into the passage 16.
  • the ceramic body 15 On the inner wall delimiting the passage 16, the ceramic body 15 is provided with a helical groove 24 in which three helical heating elements 25, 26 and 27 are also incorporated.
  • the heating elements 25, 26, 27 are formed by an electrical resistance wire with a flat, rectangular cross section in order to thereby obtain the largest possible area that can be covered by the air.
  • the ceramic body 15, which is formed from two half-shells for the purpose of easier assembly, is held in its centered position in the housing 8 by a spring washer 28. To the heating elements 25, 26, -27 lead electrical connecting lines 29, which are led through a milled in the clamping nut 6.
  • the helical heating elements 25, 26, 27 are also corrugated in such a way that the wave crests engage in the spiral groove 24 and the wave troughs lie in the region of the passage 16 for the spray jets.
  • the arrangement is such that the three heating elements 25, 26, 27 have different spiral pitches and are therefore in different intimate thermal contact with the ceramic body 15.
  • the heating element 25 closest to the nozzle body 4 is most closely corrugated.
  • the folding distance of the individual shafts is very tight, with a considerable part of the heating element 25 disappearing in the spiral groove 24 of the ceramic body 15.
  • only a relatively small part protrudes into the combustion air flow, so that only a relatively slow, immediate heating takes place.
  • FIG. 3 shows a section through the second heating element 26, which is less corrugated than the heating element 25 and rests less strongly in the ceramic area.
  • the heating element 26 is supported in the helical groove 24 only by seven lugs 26a, so that the sections of the heating element 26 which extend between these lugs 26a and which are directly exposed to the air flow provide the air flow with a larger heating surface than the heating element 25 and produce a larger part of them Transfer heat directly to the air flow.
  • the section through the third heating element 27 shown in FIG. 4 shows that the latter only engages with four lugs 27a in the helical groove 24, so that the intermediate sections offer almost a maximum of heating surface. This heating element 27 is provided for rapid heating when cold starting.
  • the heating elements 25, 26, 27 can also have a different width.
  • the heating elements 25, 26, 27 can be formed from a continuous resistance wire and can be switched into a circuit according to FIG. 5.
  • the symbols R A , R B and R c denote the electrical resistances of the heating elements 25 to 27, which are connected in series in a one-piece design and which are preceded by an adjustable resistor D. Due to the fixed design of the heating elements 25, 26, 27, the proportions of the heating elements which have already been defined are fundamentally determined, the total output of which can be changed via the adjustable resistor D.
  • the temperature-time diagram shown in FIG. 6 shows what effect the individual resistors have over time.
  • the resistance R c of the heating element 27 has a very high temperature output at the beginning, which then falls back to an average value which the other two resistors R B and R A also reach after a while. Due to the design of the heating element 27, a strong differentiation in the direction of rapid heating is achieved at the beginning of the heating, until after some time the resistance output of all three heating elements is approximately the same.
  • the heating element 27 thus forms a rapid heating element, while the heating element 25 has the function of one Ceramic body 15 forms an electrical resistance element heating up to a temperature sufficient for constant operation.
  • the three heating elements 25 to 27 can also be designed as separate components and electrically connected in parallel.
  • the three resistors R A , R B and R c can each be assigned an adjustable resistor D, or D 2 or D 3 , via which the heating currents can be controlled independently, depending on the operating state.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 8 has the same basic structure as the exemplary embodiment described above, so that reference is made here only to the different structural details.
  • the heating device 3 has an inner metallic heating element 30 which is formed from a glow wire which is coiled both with the diameter d around its longitudinal axis and with the diameter d 2 around the axis of the injection nozzle and consists of a material with a positive temperature coefficient .
  • the material diameter of the filament is matched to the helix diameters d and d 2 in such a way that an inherently rigid structure results which withstands the deformation forces that occur during operation.
  • the heating element 30 is surrounded with little play by an annular support body 31, which consists of electrically conductive ceramic material with a negative temperature coefficient and forms a second heating element.
  • the support body 31 is slotted lengthwise at one point on its circumference and contacted on an edge of the slot with an electrical conductor 32, to which one end of the heating element 30 is also connected.
  • an annular space 33 is formed, which is connected via bores 34 in the housing 9 to the combustion chamber of the machine and via edge notches 35 in the support body 31 to its interior.
  • the two heating elements 30 and 31 are held in place centrally on the spring plate ring 23 also provided here and via an aperture plate 36 made of electrically insulating material on the housing 9.
  • the perforated screen 36 also protects the injection nozzle 2 against infrared radiation and also covers the edge notches 35 in the support body 31 towards the injection nozzle.
  • an intermediate plate 37 is provided, which is also made of electrically insulating material.
  • the two connections of the heating element 30 and the support body 31 which are not connected to the conductor 32 are connected to the housing 9 serving as a ground connection.
  • both heating elements 30 and 31 are connected to voltage in parallel with one another.
  • the metallic heating element 30 then glows very quickly, while the ceramic heating element 31 only begins to heat up slowly. After a certain operating time, the ceramic heating element 31 has reached its permanent annealing temperature, while the heating element 30 is subjected to less electrical stress than initially due to its increased resistance. As a result, the metallic heating element 30 is not damaged in continuous operation.
  • the glow plug initially provides a high heating output and then drops to an average heating output, which sucks a fuel jet 38 from the combustion chamber along the flow lines 39 to combustion air, which is already preheated on the ceramic support body 31 on the outside and inside the Support body 31 penetrates into the edge zone of the fuel jet, where it mixes intensively with the fuel droplets of the edge zone.
  • FIGS. 10 to 12 is the same as the embodiment according to FIG. 9 except for a differently designed glow plug.
  • This has an annular ceramic support body 40, which has a radial separation slot 41 at one point.
  • the support body 40 is also provided with a multiplicity of uniformly distributed longitudinal slots 42, which extend from its circumference 44 and extend up to the distance a to its central bore 45.
  • the longitudinal slots 42 are recessed at the upper end of the support body 40 over an axial length b into the central bore 45 so that they each form a passage 46 to the bore 45 there.
  • the support body 40 is provided with a central recess 47 of depth c and diameter e.
  • a core ring 48 remains between the passages 46 and the recess 47 and is only interrupted by the continuous separating slot 41.
  • the support body 40 is made of an electrically conductive ceramic material which has a negative temperature coefficient and has a noticeable electrical conductivity only at higher temperatures.
  • the surfaces of the support body 40 delimiting the slit 41 are provided with local depressions 50, in the area of which a groove 51 leading to the adjacent slot 42 opens out in the circumference 44 of the support body 40.
  • contact elements 52 are arranged which connect the support body 40 in an electrically conductive manner to connecting wires 53 which are guided through the grooves 51.
  • the support body 40 is coated on its entire surface with an electrically insulating layer, which is not particularly shown in the drawing.
  • a metallic heating element 55 which consists of a filament with a positive temperature coefficient, is wound onto the support body 40.
  • the heating element 55 has a number of inner spiral sections 56 corresponding to the number of slots 42, each of which runs opposite one slot 42 along the wall of the bore 45 at a small distance.
  • Each inner coil section 56 is an outer one Associated with the helical section 57, which is fitted into the corresponding slot 42 and is in good heat-conducting contact with the support body 40.
  • the two radially opposite coil sections 56, 57 are connected via an elongated filament section 58 arranged in the passage 46.
  • an outer coil section 57 is connected to an inner coil section 56 lying in an adjacent division plane via an elongated filament section 59.
  • the support body 40 Due to the described design of the support body 40, its core ring 48 forms a heating resistor bent into an open ring, which is connected in parallel with the electrical heating element 55 via the connecting wires 53.
  • the longitudinal slots 42 also largely avoid thermal tensioning of the support body 40 during operation.
  • the support body 40 is preferably made of SiC, while the heating element 55 consists of a material with a PTC characteristic, for example a platinum alloy or MoSi 2 .
  • the number of longitudinal slots 42 and the slot depth is determined by the helix diameter and the wire length of the heating element 55 to be accommodated, and by the desired support body resistance at a specific support body temperature.
  • the helical sections 56 of the heating element 55 located in the bore 45 glow in the temperature range from 1200 to 1400 ° C. within, for example, 1 to 2 seconds.
  • the spiral sections 56 thus act as a starting winding, which has the very rapid rise in temperature due to high current consumption.
  • the other spiral sections 57 of the heating element 55 inserted in the longitudinal slots 42 are with heat-intensive contact to the support body 40 much more slowly in the temperature rise and remain longer in the lower temperature range. As a result, the starting winding effect of the inner coil sections 56 is further enhanced. In this phase of the highest temperature of part of the heating element 55, the engine starts.
  • the PTC effect of the heating element 55 now leads to the fact that the high temperature of the inner coil sections 56, which is important for the starting phase, decreases as the resistance increase of the slowly heating coil sections 57 in the longitudinal slots 42 progresses. This self-controlling effect thus reduces the high heating power of the spiral sections 56, which is important for the starting phase, to a value which no longer impairs the service life of the heating element 55.
  • the temperature of the support body 40 increases, which is also heated by the heating element 55.
  • the electrical resistance of the NTC ceramic of the support body 40 decreases to such an extent that the support body itself, when the voltage is applied, draws current and becomes the heating conductor.
  • the outer spiral sections 57 which are closely connected to the supporting body 40, are PTC-like, which leads to a further increase in resistance of the heating element 55, so that the power component of the PTC circuit drops further.
  • the support body 40 which has become a heating element, now takes over the ignition aid as an NTC heating circuit for the now warm-up phase of the machine.
  • This heating circuit can be switched off after the operating temperature of the machine has been reached or can remain switched on as a robust heating element for other tasks in improving the combustion process in the machine.
  • the combustion air sucked out of the combustion chamber by the fuel jet ejected from the injection nozzle is guided over the outer circumference and through the longitudinal slots of the support body 40 and is preheated there very effectively in the desired manner.
  • the heating element 55 continues to operate after the increase in its resistance in the "gentle cycle".
  • the ceramic support body 40 can be formed at least on the jacket without an electrically insulating coating.
  • the turns of the outer spiral sections 57 may be undone. short-circuited, which counteracts the PTC effect of the heating element 55.
  • this PTC effect can be matched to the other parameters in such a way that it outweighs the short-circuit effect and that the desired overall effect does occur.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif d'injection de carburant dans des chambres de combustion, en particulier de moteurs à combustion interne et allumage spontané, dans lequel un gicleur de carburant (4) produit un jet de carburant approprié et dans lequel sont prévus un dispositif de conduite d'air ainsi qu'un dispositif de chauffage. Le carburant injecté est accompagné par un flux d'air contactant le dispositif de chauffage (3). Le dispositif de chauffage (3) possède au moins deux éléments de chauffe (10, 11, 25) d'efficacité différente, dont au moins un élément (10, 29) sert au chauffage rapide et dont un autre élément (11, 25, 27) est prévu pour une utilisation prolongée.

Claims (13)

1. Dispositif d'injection de carburant dans les chambres de combustion de monteurs a combustion interne à auto-allumage, avec un injecteur (2) et un corps à incandescence (10) monté en aval, qui possède un dispositif de chauffage (25, 26, 27) porté par un corps en céramique (15), qui entoure un passage (16) pour les jets d'injection et est disposé dans un canal (12) menant de l'injecteur (2) à la chambre de combustion, à partir duquel au moins un orifice d'aération (14, 17) débouche de côté dans le passage (16), à travers lequel le jet d'injection aspire l'air hors de la chambre de combustion, par suite d'effet d'éjecteur, avec les caractéristiques suivantes:
a) Le dispositif de chauffage possède un élément chauffant rapide (27) métallique susceptible d'être chauffé électriquement, déterminé pour un chauffage rapide à l'état à froid, qui est en contact calorifique moins intime avec le corps céramique (15) agissant comme accumulateur de chaleur et formant un élément chauffant continu, qu'un élément résistant électrique (25) chauffant le corps céramique (15) jusqu'à une température suffisant pour l'utilisation en fonctionnement contant.
b) Le corps céramique (15) est pourvu sur sa paroi entourant le passage (16) pour les jets d'injection, d'une gorge d'hélice (24), dans laquelle est logé l'élément résistant (25) électrique réalisé sous forme d'hélice, placé en contact intime avec le corps céramique (15).
c) L'élément chauffant rapide (27) est également fixé dans la gorge d'hélice (24) et émerge rapidement par parties hors de la gorge d'hélice (24), de sorte qu'il soit en contact moins intime avec le corps céramique (15), en étant toutefois en contact plus intensif avec l'air aspiré que ne l'est l'élément résistant (25) électriquement servant en premier lieu au chauffage du corps céramique (15).
d) L'élément chauffant rapide (27) est susceptible d'être commandé indépendamment de l'élément résistant (25) ou bien dans le cas d'un branchement électrique les uns derrière les autres de l'élément chauffant rapide (27) avec l'élément résistant (25), l'élément résistant (25) présente une autre valeur de résistance ou une autre caractéristique de résistance que l'élément chauffant rapide (27).
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément résistant électrique (25) chauffant en premier lieu le corps céramique (15) et l'élément chauffant rapide (27) sont formés par une hélice commune, qui est disposée dans une gorge d'hélice continue (24) du corps céramique (15).
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les enroulements élémentaires des éléments chauffants (25, 26, 27) sont individuellement ondulés en direction longitudinale et en ce que le contact différent entre les éléments chauffants (25, 26, 27) avec le corps céramique (15) est provoqué par une longueur d'ondulation différente et/ou une hauteur d'ondulation différente et/ou une profondeur d'encastrement différents (profondeur de la gorge d'hélice 24) dans le corps céramique (15).
4. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs éléments chauffants sont susceptibles d'être branchés électriquement en parallèle et l'un derrière d'autre selon la technique d'écoulement (figure 7).
5. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que plusieurs éléments chauffants sont susceptibles d'être branchés électriquement l'un derrière l'autre et selon la technique d'écoulement (figure 5).
6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément résistant et/ou l'élément chauffant rapide (25, 26, 27) se composent d'un fil plat de section rectangulaire.
7. Dispositif pour injecter du carburant dans des chambres de combustion de moteurs à combustion interne à auto-allumage, avec un injecteur (2) et un dispositif de chauffage (3) branché en aval, qui possède un élément chauffant (30, 55) porté par un corps céramique (31, 40), entourant un passage (45) pour les jets d'injection (38) et est disposé dans un canal menant de l'injecteur (2) à la chambre de combustion, à partir duquel au moins un orifice d'aération (34, 35, 46) débouche de côté dans le passage (45), au moyen duquel les jets d'injection (38) aspirent de l'air à partir de la chambre de combustion, par effet d'éjecteur, avec les caractéristiques suivantes:
a) Le dispositif de chauffage (3) possède un élément chauffant rapide (30, 55) métallique, susceptible d'être chauffé électriquement, déterminé pour un chauffage rapide à l'état froid.
b) Le corps céramique (31,40) se compose d'un matériau électriquement conducteur et forme un élément chauffant continu pour l'utilisation en fonctionnement constant, agissant comme accumulateur de chaleur, susceptible d'être raccordé à une source de courant de chauffage.
c) L'élément chauffant rapide métallique (30, 55) est susceptible d'être commandé indépendamment du corps céramique (31, 40) ou, dans le cas d'un branchement l'un derrière l'autre des deux éléments chauffants (30, 31, respectivement 55, 40) le corps céramique (31, 40) possède une autre valeur de résistance électrique ou une autre caractéristique de résistance que l'élément chauffant rapide (30, 55).
8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le corps céramique (31, 40) se compose d'un matériau à coefficient de température négatif (résistance NTC), de préférence en SiC.
9. Dispositif selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que l'élément chauffant rapide (30, 55) se compose d'un matériau à coefficient de température positif (résistance PTC), de préférence en un alliage de platine ou en MoSi2.
10. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisé en ce que l'élément chauffant rapide métallique (55) possède au moins sur une partie de sa longueur un contact conduisant bien la chaleur avec le corps céramique (40).
11. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 7 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'élément chauffant rapide métallique (55) est pourvu de plusieurs parties d'hélice (56) disposées sur la paroi du corps céramique (40).
12. Dispositif selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de guidage d'air guide l'écoulement d'air de combustion accompagnant le combustible injecté devant l'entrée dans le passage central (45) du corps céramique (40), sur son enveloppe extérieur et en ce que les parties de ligne (57, 58, 59) de l'élément chauffant rapide (55), reliant les parties d'hélice (56), sont guidées sur l'enveloppe extérieure, respectivement par des enfoncements (42) du corps céramique (40) sortant de l'enveloppe extérieure.
13. Dispositif selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que les parties de ligne (57, 58, 59) de l'élément chauffant rapide métallique (55) reliant les parties d'hélice (56) sont également réalisées à partir d'hélices, qui sont introduits de manière ajustée dans des fentes (42) sortant radialement de la périphérie d'enveloppe du corps céramique (40), arrivant jusqu'à proximité de son passage central (45).
EP84901332A 1983-05-13 1984-03-30 Dispositif d'injection de carburant dans des chambres de combustion Expired EP0142513B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

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DE3317503 1983-05-13
DE3317503 1983-05-13
DE19833327773 DE3327773A1 (de) 1983-05-13 1983-08-02 Einrichtung zur kraftstoffeinspritzung in brennraeume
DE3327773 1983-08-02

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EP0142513A1 EP0142513A1 (fr) 1985-05-29
EP0142513B1 true EP0142513B1 (fr) 1989-07-12

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EP84901332A Expired EP0142513B1 (fr) 1983-05-13 1984-03-30 Dispositif d'injection de carburant dans des chambres de combustion

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US (1) US4627405A (fr)
EP (1) EP0142513B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3327773A1 (fr)
IT (1) IT1175494B (fr)
WO (1) WO1984004567A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3327773A1 (de) 1984-11-15
DE3478944D1 (en) 1989-08-17
IT1175494B (it) 1987-07-01
WO1984004567A1 (fr) 1984-11-22
IT8420902A1 (it) 1985-11-11
IT8420902A0 (it) 1984-05-11
EP0142513A1 (fr) 1985-05-29
US4627405A (en) 1986-12-09

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