EP0392181B1 - Bougie à incandescence - Google Patents

Bougie à incandescence Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0392181B1
EP0392181B1 EP90103956A EP90103956A EP0392181B1 EP 0392181 B1 EP0392181 B1 EP 0392181B1 EP 90103956 A EP90103956 A EP 90103956A EP 90103956 A EP90103956 A EP 90103956A EP 0392181 B1 EP0392181 B1 EP 0392181B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glow
filament
length
glow plug
control
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90103956A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0392181A1 (fr
Inventor
Bernhard Dipl.-Ing. Kaczynski
Werner Dipl.-Ing. Teschner
Andreas Klein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0392181A1 publication Critical patent/EP0392181A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0392181B1 publication Critical patent/EP0392181B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a glow plug for arrangement in the combustion chamber of a diesel engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a glow plug has a tubular glow plug protruding from its plug housing, in the glow tube of which is arranged a heating coil embedded in insulating powder of high thermal conductivity and having an essentially temperature-independent resistance.
  • this heating coil is electrically connected in series with an additional control coil which has a high positive resistance-temperature coefficient (PTC) and is also embedded in the insulating powder mentioned.
  • PTC positive resistance-temperature coefficient
  • the glow pencil At its free end section, the glow pencil usually reaches its working temperature of about 850 to 900 ° C. after about 5 to 10 s.
  • the glow tube is filled with magnesium oxide as an electrically insulating but heat-conducting powder.
  • the good thermal conductivity of the insulating powder is therefore useful and necessary, in particular to quickly transfer the heat from the heating coil to the outside of the glow tube.
  • a glow plug of the generic type is known from EP-0 240 650 AI, which provides a connector with low thermal conductivity between the combustion chamber-side heating coil and the connection-side control coil.
  • This connector is made of CrNi steel with good electrical conductivity but low thermal conductivity.
  • This connecting piece is also surrounded by the insulating powder which is present uniformly in the entire glow tube, but causes only inadequate thermal insulation, is structurally complex and the effect is unsatisfactory.
  • a glow plug in the glow tube two series-connected resistance filaments are included, of which the connection-side (regulating filament) has a higher resistance-temperature coefficient (PTC) than that near Free end of the glow plug arranged (heating) resistance coil.
  • PTC resistance-temperature coefficient
  • These two resistance coils are each embedded in a different type of insulating powder: the heating coil in an insulating powder with high thermal conductivity and the control coil in an insulating powder with low thermal conductivity;
  • the separating surface of the two insulating powders can be located at different glow plug levels lying transversely to the axis of the smile, in accordance with the required design of the glow plug.
  • the arrangement according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that there is still one sets improved control behavior of the glow plug compared to the prior art.
  • This optimal control behavior is achieved by filling different types of insulating powder in a special arrangement into the glow tube; the type of insulating powder changes in the axial direction within the glow tube.
  • a zone with low thermal conductivity is created in the glow tube between the heating coil and the control coil by a second type of insulating powder, which zone avoids that the heat generated by the heating coil is transported very quickly to the control coil via the otherwise usual insulating powder.
  • the control coil is heated by the additional insulating powder layer between the heating coil and the control coil rather delayed and the heating coil can consequently develop its performance better.
  • the length of the transition zone with the second type of insulating powder is expediently chosen to be approximately 75% of the length of the heating zone. In connection with a suitable second type of insulating powder, this distance is sufficient to achieve the effect according to the invention.
  • control coil is selected in a length that corresponds approximately to 5 times the heating coil. Approx. 50% of the length of the control coil lies within the candle housing and is not directly affected by the heat conduction.
  • connection between the heating coil and control coil is expediently made by a section of the control coil with a large, in particular double coil pitch.
  • the glow plug 1 shown in FIG. 1 and intended for arrangement in the combustion chamber of a diesel internal combustion engine consists of a tubular candle housing 2, in the longitudinal bore 2a of which a heating element designed as a glow plug 3 is sealingly fixed with its one longitudinal section 3a; the remaining longitudinal section 3b of the glow plug 3 protrudes from the candle housing 2.
  • This glow plug 3 has a corrosion-resistant glow tube 4, the end of which protrudes from the candle housing 2 is closed and in which a so-called 2-material resistance coil 5 is embedded in an insulating powder 6, in particular magnesium oxide.
  • the 2-material resistance coil 5 consists of a one with the closed end of the glow tube 4 welded heating coil 7 consisting of an essentially temperature-independent resistance material and of a control coil 8 made of a resistance material with a high positive resistance-temperature coefficient (PTC); the heating coil 7 and the control coil 8 are connected in series in the connection area 12.
  • the control coil 8 is connected on the connection side to a connection pin 9 which is electrically insulated from the candle housing 2 and which serves as a power supply to the heating coil 7.
  • the magnesium oxide insulating powder 6 enclosing the heating coil 7 and the control coil 8 has a high thermal conductivity and good electrical insulation.
  • the heating coil 7 has an axial length l1 with, for example, about 6 turns.
  • the control coil 8 has an axial length l3 with about 30 turns.
  • the ratio l3: l1 5: 1; this also corresponds approximately to the ratio of the associated number of turns.
  • the control coil 8 is located within the candle housing 2 with a length l 2, where l4 ⁇ 0.5 l3.
  • a transition zone 10 with a length l 2 is provided, which is filled with another insulating powder 11.
  • This insulating powder 11 must also insulate electrically, but, in contrast to the insulating powder 6, has a very low thermal conductivity, so that the heat from the heating coil 7 to the control coil 8 is conducted very poorly over this area.
  • Such an insulating powder 11 is, for example, under the name Stettalit (KER 221) from Stettner & Co., 8560 Lauf b. Nuremberg, available.
  • control coil 8 has a very large winding pitch, so that only a few turns come to lie here.
  • the length l2 of the transition zone 10 is approximately 75% of the length l1 of the heating coil 7.
  • the transition zone 10 with the insulating powder 11 of low thermal conductivity introduced in layers in this area improves the thermal behavior of the glow plug 1 in that the heat generated in the heating coil 7 cannot be easily removed via the insulating powder 11, which conducts the heat poorly, so that it becomes too a heat build-up in the heating coil 7 and thus faster heating of the free end section of the glow tube 4 or glow plug 3.
  • the insulating powder 11 located in the transition zone 10 has poor thermal conductivity but also causes a delayed curtailment of the output of the heating coil 7 by the control coil 8, since the heat flow from the heating coil 7 only reaches the control coil 8 with a delay. Accordingly, there is a later response of the control coil 8 and thus a delayed curtailment of the current in the heating coil 7. This leads to a faster heating of the heating coil 7 to the necessary annealing temperature and thus to a shortening of the preheating time, which is important for diesel engines.
  • FIG. 2 shows a diagram with the temperature and current profile of the glow plug 1 according to the invention as a function of the preheating time.
  • the temperature curve is marked with 1 and the current curve with 2.
  • the current consumption is shown with I in amperes, the temperature curve with T in ° C and the preheating time with t in seconds.
  • U 11 V, and that is because such Glow plugs 1 draw a very high current and consequently cause a voltage drop of approx. 1 V.
  • a conventional glow plug is marked with K1, the glow plug according to the invention with K2.
  • the temperature curve 1 of the glow plug K2 according to the invention has a steeper increase, so that, for example, after a time t1 of ⁇ 6.5 s there is a heating temperature T of ⁇ 850 ° (point 13). This is caused by the insulating powder 11 in the transition zone 10 having low thermal conductivity.
  • the conventional glow plug K1 requires a preheating time t2 of ⁇ 8 s (point 14).
  • the temperature of 950 ° (point 15) is already reached after a preheating time t3 of about 9 s, for which purpose a conventional glow plug K1 requires a preheating time t4 of ⁇ 13 s (point 16).
  • the current profile (curve 2) in FIG. 3 also shows that the current of the glow plug K2 according to the invention is below that of a conventional glow plug K1, i.e. that its power consumption is also lower.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Pour disposer dans la chambre de combustion un moteur diesel à combustion interne des bougies à incandescence (1) sont prévues avec un fourreau de forme tubulaire (2), dans l'alésage longitudinal duquel (2a) est fixé de façon étanche par sa section longitudinale (3a) située du côté du raccordement une tige pouvant être chauffée électriquement (3), tandis que son autre section longitudinale (3b) sort du fourreau (2), alors que cette tige (3) se compose d'un tube résistant à la corrosion (4), dont l'extrémité sortant du fourreau (2) est fermée et de poudres isolantes (6, 11), se trouvant dans le tube (4), de conductibilités thermiques élevées différentes et de deux enroulements de résistances électriques (7, 8), qui sont noyés dans la poudre isolante (6, 11) dans le tube (4) et dont l'un des enroulements est un enroulement de chauffage (7) avec une résistance qui est essentiellement indépendante de la température et d'une part est soudé à l'extrémité libre du tube (4) et dont l'autre enroulement est un enroulement de régulation (8) servant à la régulation de la température ou à la limitation de la température, enroulement de régulation qui est monté en série avec l'enroulement de chauffage (7) soudé à l'extrémité libre du tube, à un coefficient positif de résistance en fonction de la température (PTC) et est relié du côté du raccordement à une borne isolée (9) électriquement située en regard du fourreau (2), bougie à incandescence caractérisée en ce que la zone de passage entourant la zone de liaison (8) qui s'étend sur une longueur (l₂) du tube (4), est remplie de poudre isolante (11) de faible conductibilité thermique, tandis que la longueur restante (l₁) se trouvant à l'intérieur du tube (4) de l'enroulement de chauffage (7) et la longueur restante (l₃) de l'enroulement de régulation sont respectivement remplies de poudre isolante (6) de bonne conductivité thermique.
  2. Bougie à incandescence selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la zone de passage (10) présente une longueur (l₂) d'environ 75 % de la longueur (l₁) de la zone de chauffage (7) (l₂ ~ 0,75 x l₁).
  3. Bougie à incandescence selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la longueur (l₃) de l'enroulement de régulation (8) présente environ cinq fois la longueur (l₁) de l'enroulement de chauffage (7), les nombres de spires étant à peu près dans la même proportion.
  4. Bougie à incandescence selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que dans la zone de passage (10), l'enroulement de régulation (8) a une section (12) plus grande que celle des autres enroulements de régulation (8), en particulier un pas d'enroulement double.
EP90103956A 1989-04-08 1990-03-01 Bougie à incandescence Expired - Lifetime EP0392181B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3911492A DE3911492A1 (de) 1989-04-08 1989-04-08 Gluehstiftkerze
DE3911492 1989-04-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0392181A1 EP0392181A1 (fr) 1990-10-17
EP0392181B1 true EP0392181B1 (fr) 1993-06-02

Family

ID=6378200

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90103956A Expired - Lifetime EP0392181B1 (fr) 1989-04-08 1990-03-01 Bougie à incandescence

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0392181B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2793005B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE3911492A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1258675B (it) * 1992-12-18 1996-02-27 Candela ad incandescanza con doppia spirale di controllo per motori diesel
DE10248804A1 (de) * 2002-10-19 2004-04-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Mehrfachwendel für Glühstiftkerzen
DE102007018045A1 (de) 2007-04-13 2008-10-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Gasdichte Abdichtung
KR101638722B1 (ko) * 2012-04-16 2016-07-11 니혼도꾸슈도교 가부시키가이샤 글로 플러그
CN110148504B (zh) * 2019-06-13 2024-02-27 上海久能机电制造有限公司 一种变压器中性点直流偏磁抑制电感电阻器

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2672546A (en) * 1950-06-23 1954-03-16 Edison Inc Thomas A Glow plug for compression-ignition engines
DE2746595A1 (de) * 1977-10-15 1979-04-26 Bosch Gmbh Robert Gluehstiftkerze fuer brennkraftmaschinen
CA1095221A (fr) * 1978-02-10 1981-02-10 Gamdur S. Mann Rechauffeur electrique et methode de fabrication
GB2220446B (en) * 1988-04-06 1992-05-27 Champion Spark Plug Europ Glow plug for internal combustion engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH02293524A (ja) 1990-12-04
JP2793005B2 (ja) 1998-09-03
EP0392181A1 (fr) 1990-10-17
DE3911492A1 (de) 1990-10-11
DE59001591D1 (de) 1993-07-08

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